Main Production Cost Research Articles

The technical and financial feasibility analysis of art paper production from betel nut husk fibre and paper waste

Art paper made of betel nut husk fibre and paper waste is one example of an innovative product. Therefore, an analysis of the technical and financial feasibility of this innovation needed to be conducted. This research aimed to determine the technical and financial feasibility of the production business of art paper from betel nut husk fibre and paper waste. The technical aspect will focus on the technology utilized, primary raw material and additional raw material, production capacity, and any workforce involved in the business. Meanwhile, the financial aspect will emphasize the calculation of the Main Production Cost (MPC), Break Even Point (BEP), Business Efficiency (R/C Ratio), Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The calculation result of the feasibility analysis shows that Production Cost (HPP) is IDR 12,786.00, BEPunit is 9,271 paper sheet, BEP (IDR) is IDR 148,326,906.00, R/C Ratio is 1.56, PP will be for 2.2 years, NPV is IDR 2,078,713,958.00, and IRR is 68.36%. Based on this result, this business on betel nut husk fibre and paper-based waste art paper is considered worth running.

Economic aspects of edible potato cultivation depending on the method of plantation protection against weeds

The rationale for farming, including the edible potato, is to achieve the desired economic effect. A frequently used measure in economic analysis is the gross margin. It is calculated on the basis of the production achieved and the direct costs incurred. One of the main production costs is the cost of agricultural inputs related to, among other things, the care of plantations against weeds, which can be mechanical, chemical or mechanical-chemical. The purpose of the paper was comparison of the production and economic results of edible potato cultivar Eurostar in the period of two years (2021 and 2022) including two different ways of plantation care against weeds. The first object included mechanical treatments – weeding performed three times: before emergence, 2 times dunging and 1 time dunging after emergence combined with a weeder. The second method of plantation care included double dunging and herbicide application – Avatar 293 ZC. Before emergence, weeding was applied twice and immediately after the last weeding – about 7 days before the appearance of the first potato plant emergence a chemical treatment with the herbicide at a dose of 1.5 dm3 ha–1 was applied. The research material consisted of tubers of edible potato Eurostar cultivar from a two-year field experiment. Mechanical and chemical treatments provided both higher yields and a level of profitability of studied edible potato.

Value Chain and Stakeholders’ Analyses of Batik Tulis Industry in Indonesia

The study aims to analyze the values added of batik tulis production and to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The study used a mixed method, a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The data were analyzed using several analyses namely content analysis, value chain analysis, and stakeholder analysis. The content analysis was carried out to identify and to explain the supply chain of batik tulis production. The value chain analysis was undertaken to identify the existing stages of the value chain in batik tulis production. The stakeholders analysis was used to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The results revealed that the value chain of batik tulis production started from the procurement of raw materials, production processes, and sales. The highest added values obtained were through sales to wholesalers and retailers as compared to sales by displaying the products in galleries. The average profit margin earned by each entrepreneur exceeded 50% of the main production costs. Profit and reputation were revealed as the two stakeholders’ objectives that have the strongest and the most dominant influences in the industry. The entrepreneurs are expected to further optimize the activities that contribute the highest added values to be more efficient in managing the production costs, and in maintaining the interrelationship with other players of batik tulis entrepreneurs as well as with the suppliers of raw materials so that the cooperation can be carried out effectively.

Simulated impacts of winter rye cover crop on continuous corn yield and soil parameters

AbstractCover crops (CC) provide numerous ecosystem services such as improving soil health, reducing nutrient loss, increasing productivity, and mitigating greenhouse gas emission. However, adoption of CC has been hindered by perceived negative impacts on main crop productivity and additional production costs. This is partly attributed to the gap in current state of knowledge in CC and its interaction with main crop production under different biophysical conditions. In this study, Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer model was used to evaluate the long‐term impact of cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) on corn (Zea mays L.) yield, soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrate leaching, soil water, and drainage for a range of climate, soil, and irrigation management in Eastern and Central Nebraska. A 30‐year (1991–2020) simulation showed no difference in corn yield and SOC between CC and no‐cover crop treatments at both sites under irrigated and rainfed conditions. However, CC resulted in reduction of N loss by up to 48% at the Eastern Nebraska Research and Extension Center and 24% at South Central Agricultural Laboratory under irrigation. Cereal rye has no significant effect on total soil water but, a significant reduction in cumulative subsurface drainage of 44% was determined at both sites. This study has shown the possible effect of cover crop on corn crop yield and soil properties over different regions in Nebraska. Future research extending the scope and geographic area is needed to test and quantify possible impacts of multiple CC species under diverse management and biophysical conditions.

ВИТРАТИ ЗАБУДОВНИКА ЖИТЛОВОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА: ВИДИ, СТРУКТУРА ТА ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНЕ ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ

The article focuses on the importance of accounting for expenses of a housing construction developer, since they affect the determination of the final cost of housing construction. The price attractiveness of the entire residential complex depends on the accuracy of the cost of housing construction and its distribution among individual residential real estate objects. The study shows the dynamics of the cost of 1 m2 of living space in terms of individual settlements, according to which it is determined that the highest cost of housing is in the capital, the lowest – in Kirovohrad Oblast. It is noted that in addition to the differentiation of the cost of residential m2 by oblast, the cost of 1 m2 of living space depends on the location of the residential complex (business centre, residential area of the city, etc.). It is argued that the cost of housing construction is the basic basis for determining the price of housing construction. The paper presents an indicative structure of costs for the construction of a residential complex. According to it, it is determined that the largest share in the total cost of financing housing construction is the cost of construction of the frame (40%) and the cost of finishing works. It is noted that over the past 10 years, the developer has spent a significant amount of money on the construction of a residential complex to improve the adjacent territory in order to increase the attractiveness of the residential complex. It is considered that the main production costs for the construction of a residential complex by a developer are accounted for in Account 23, and after the construction work is completed and the residential complex is put into operation, the amount of accumulated costs is written off and the sales value of the construction object as a whole, individual apartments and 1 m2 of living space is determined accordingly. It is determined that if a developer simultaneously implements several housing projects, general production costs arise, which are registered in Account 91 and distributed among individual construction projects. In addition to the costs directly related to the construction object, the customer also bears the costs associated with the management of the enterprise, which are recorded in Account 92, and the costs associated with the sale of apartments (Account 93), unless housing intermediaries are involved in this process.

Experimental and Numerical Study on LCF Crack Propagation of Coiled Tubing Steel

Coiled tubing (CT) is a joint-less long oil pipe that is wound around a reel and can be run and pulled continuously. Due to the particularity of the operating process, low-cycle fatigue (LCF) failure of the CT constitutes the main production cost. Aiming at the characteristics of small diameter and thin wall of CT, a single-edge-notched (SEN) arc specimen was designed and machined. LCF tests were conducted with force-controlled mode. Cyclic softening of the CT steel was presented and crack growing rates were measured. Meanwhile, finite element simulation was carried out to obtain the relationships among J-integral, crack size and load. Based on the experimental and numerical results, the speed of the LCF crack growth of the CT steel is expressed as an explicit function of the J-integral. It provides a basis for predicting the LCF life of the CT under working conditions from the perspective of crack propagation.

Effect of Production Costs on the Price per Ton of Sugarcane: The Case of Brazil

The costs of agricultural inputs added to those of labor represent almost a third of the total cost of Brazilian sugarcane production. This study analyzes the behavior of the price per ton of sugarcane in Brazil, relating it to the main production costs of this cultivation. Twelve price indicators from January 2015 to December 2020 were evaluated. First, the data were adjusted to a multiple linear regression model to identify the significant variables on variation in the price per ton of sugarcane. Then, the Monte Carlo simulation was used to measure the level of certainty of occurrence of these variables, and forecasts were obtained from the adjustment of ARIMA models. The results showed the influence of the costs of diesel oil, two agricultural pesticides, and daily laborers on the price of sugarcane, besides an increasing trend of its, providing relevant short-term projections for decision-making about investments in the agribusiness sector.

Is Demand for Technologies Determined by Production Costs? The Case of Insurance Companies

The article is a part of a global discussion about the influence of technologies on the insurance industry. For a long time, the insurance industry was known as a restrictive market with high barriers to innovations. The rapid development of Industry 4.0 puts insurers under pressure to implement new information and communication technologies into business processes to be competitive and to satisfy customers’ expectations. Due to this, one of the main reasons for the demand for technologies is the reduction in the cost of the insurance production process. This study intends to answer the question about how production costs determine the demand for technologies among insurers. To answer this question, the research presents a case analysis of three major European insurance groups in the period 2008-2018. The analysis of the main production cost indicators (acquisition, claims handling and wages) and expenditures on information technologies in the insurance companies make the paper original. The research shows that there are no clear relations between the raising of direct insurance production costs and the demand for information technologies among insurers. This research contributes to the study of the development of information technologies in the insurance industry. Technologies still do not play a key role in the efficiency growth of insurance companies. It is mostly a sporadic factor.

Increased profitability and energy savings potential with the use of precision irrigation

Energy is currently one of the main production costs in irrigated agriculture and its cost must always be considered in irrigation projects. In regions such as the Brazilian Cerrado, where there is a continuous growth of irrigated agriculture, it is important to evaluate technologies that can increase the efficiency and viability of irrigation. Precision irrigation has great potential to increase the economic return on rural properties with a reduction in electricity consumption. The present work aimed to evaluate the increased profitability and energy savings potential of the soybean crop using precision irrigation with a center pivot. To evaluate the potential benefits of precision irrigation (PI), irrigation demand was simulated through modeling. The irrigation computer model was developed in Python language. The study was carried out in the area of two center pivots with soils with different hydro-physical characteristics. Soil available water capacity (AWC) was calculated based on field capacity, permanent wilting point and bulk density data. The irrigation management under homogeneous soil conditions was carried out considering the lowest, the average, and the highest AWC value. The management under variable conditions was carried out individually for each pixel, considering the real AWC value of the pixel. Also, four sowing dates of the soybean crop were considered in a rainy year and a dry year. The results indicated an average energy savings potential (ESP) of 5.0% in the rainy year and 4.5% in the dry year. The average potential for increasing profitability (IPP) was 20.4% in the rainy year and 12.5% in the dry year. The use of PI can reach ESPs of up to 25.3% and IPPs of up to 106.2%. The benefits documented here are an important step towards the development of precision irrigation as an efficient irrigation management strategy.

In vitro digestibility of four high moisture grains used in liquid pig feeding.

One of the main challenges in the livestock sector is the need to increase sustainability and production efficiency. In pig production, feed is the main production cost. High moisture grains (HMGs) have recently emerged as an interesting alternative to conventional feedstuffs. In this study, the nutritional value for pigs of eight HMGs was determined considering the chemical composition and the in vitro digestibility. We have used four seeds (lupine, barley, wheat, and corn) and two substrates (water and whey). Lupine HMG showed higher values of crude fat (2.12%) and crude protein (8.59%). Within cereal HMGs, corn HMG showed higher DM (34.37%), OM (36.27%), and starch (27.17%) values; wheat HMG stood out for crude protein content (4.23%) and barley for NDF (5.68%). The pH values were low for all HMG, with lupine having the highest value (4.39). Ammoniacal nitrogen had the highest value for wheat HMG (6.10%). When whey was used as substrate, it improved the characteristics of the HMG. Regarding in vitro digestibility, of the four HMGs studied, wheat showed the highest value for DM (89.93%), while lupine showed the highest value for crude protein (96.12%). When considering the substrates, whey showed better results for all in vitro digestibility's parameters (87.48%, 90.95%, and 90.59%, for DM, OM, and crude protein, respectively). Overall, all HMGs showed good conservation of nutritional value and high in vitro digestibility. The use of whey as a substrate was beneficial for HMG quality. Results show that the analyzed HMG can be efficiently used in the framework of swine production.

Current situation, trends and challenges for efficient and sustainable peach production

In Spain, the total surface occupied by deciduous fruit species in 2019 was 190,414 ha. Peach is the second most important Prunus species with 77,464 ha and a production of 1,480,000 t per year. Labour is the main production cost, amounting to 45% of the total cost in 2020 and primarily involving pruning, thinning and harvesting. The common trend regarding agronomical orchard models, in deciduous fruit species, is planting intensification, combining mid to low vigour rootstocks and training systems based on small, bi-dimensional canopies. Size-controlling rootstocks such as Rootpac-40, Isthara or Adesoto-101, Among others, resulted in better yield efficiency and improved fruit quality compared with GF-677. In 7-year-old trees of ‘Luciana’ nectarine cultivar, the use of size-controlling rootstock Rootpac-40 and an intensive orchard trained in central leader allowed both earlier and higher yields, resulting in a difference of 102 tha−1 compared with the standard Spanish gobolet system on GF-677. With ‘Noracila’ and the same combinations, the difference was 109 tha−1. The central leader/single row and central leader/double row training systems, despite requiring a greater orchard establishment cost, gave earlier and higher yields in ‘Ambra’ and ‘Luciana’ cultivars grafted on G-677, around 48% for double row and 30% for single row, compared to the Spanish gobelet system. Planar canopies allowed an efficient use of mechanical and manual pruning and flower thinning, which improved harvest efficiency (kg.h−1) by 28%. As a result, a production cost reduction of around 15% was recorded in comparison to the Spanish gobelet system. Greater efficiency in total labour per season enabled a reduction of 39%, from 651 h.ha−1 for the Spanish gobelet system to 398 h.ha−1 for the central leader system. Additionally, an increase in fruit quality, particularly fruit size and SSC content, due to a more uniform light distribution was observed. In these planar intensive systems, including palmette, a reduction in light interception of 17% was recorded when compared to the open vase system. Yields obtained were more related to planting density and canopy architecture than the average of intercepted light. Currently, the central leader and bi-axis are the most important systems used in intensive orchards in Spain, with planting densities from 1,900 to 3,100 trees.ha−1. All these results support the sustainable intensification concept and make peach tree production more economically sustainable for growers.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ

The problems of investing in the economy have always been the focus of both economic science and public administration practice. The problems of investing in the economy have always been in the center of respect for both economic science and the practice of state administration. The subjects of the government in Persh Cherga praise such problems as the effective management of investment activities; the need to search for effective important development of investment activities; the need for the formation of an efficient system of investment activity as a platform for expanding the recruitment base; the need for concentration of respect in the minds of today for the creation of a system of investment security expansionactivity of subjects. The article reveals the essence of investment, investment policy and activity, influencing the subjects of state rule. It has already been brought to light that activity, as it is connected with investments, is necessary for the economic growth of the state. It is indicated that for the modernization of the economy, an active investment activity is required. It has been established that the investment activity is oriented towards the goals to be achieved: it is timely updating the main production costs, and improving the technology. possession of the virobnitstvі, yakі lead to positive changes in the investment policy. The need for investment in the sphere of government was brought. The article reveals the essence of investment, investment policy and activity, influencing the subjects of state rule. It has already been brought to light that activity, as it is connected with investments, is necessary for the economic growth of the state. It is indicated that for the modernization of the economy, an active investment activity is required. It has been established that the investment activity is oriented towards the goals to be achieved: it is timely updating the main production costs, and improving the technology. possession of the virobnitstvі, yakі lead to positive changes in the investment policy. The need for investment in the sphere of government was brought. The issues covered in the article are relevant in the current development of the country, businesses and other businesses in the need to make full use of investment opportunities through financial investment, creating a civilized stock market, expanding ways and forms of investment financing.

Pengoptimalan Sektor Perekonomian pada UMKM dengan Disusunnya Suatu Laporan Keuangan Sederhana di Dusun Kwarigan, Desa Bakulan, Kecamatan Cepogo, Kabupaten Boyolali


 
 
 
 Financial statements have a major influence in assessing, developing marketing strategies and evaluating a business. Kwarigan Hamlet is one of the villages that has several MSME actors, but none of the MSMEs has implemented financial reports properly so that there is no clear evaluation and it is difficult to develop into a larger MSME and it is difficult to determine the business strategy to be run. This article aims to improve the optimization of the economic sector by compiling financial reports for MSMEs in Kwarigan Hamlet and applying them to their business fields and determining the right strategy for the advancement of MSMEs in Kwariganq Hamlet. The results obtained are from the balance sheet financial statements it can be known the amount of assets and laundry business capital for sure. From the Profit and Loss report, it can be used as a benchmark that there is a main production cost, namely clean water which can be kept to a minimum in order to achieve maximum profit because it uses water sourced from wells. From the emphasis on water costs, it can be used for transportation costs for picking up dirty laundry and delivering clean clothes to customers as a marketing solution in order to increase sales turnover. With this strategy, customers will be interested and feel that they are given maximum service from the Laundry business but will still be able to increase profits.
 
 
 

Additive manufacturing a powerful tool for the aerospace industry

PurposeAdditive manufacturing (AM) offers potential solutions when conventional manufacturing reaches its technological limits. These include a high degree of design freedom, lightweight design, functional integration and rapid prototyping. In this paper, the authors show how AM can be implemented not only for prototyping but also production using different optimization approaches in design including topology optimization, support optimization and selection of part orientation and part consolidation. This paper aims to present how AM can reduce the production cost of complex components such as jet engine air manifold by optimizing the design. This case study also identifies a detailed feasibility analysis of the cost model for an air manifold of an Airbus jet engine using various strategies, such as computer numerical control machining, printing with standard support structures and support optimization.Design/methodology/approachParameters that affect the production price of the air manifold such as machining, printing (process), feedstock, labor and post-processing costs were calculated and compared to find the best manufacturing strategy.FindingsResults showed that AM can solve a range of problems and improve production by customization, rapid prototyping and geometrical freedom. This case study showed that 49%–58% of the cost is related to pre- and post-processing when using laser-based powder bed fusion to produce the air manifold. However, the cost of pre- and post-processing when using machining is 32%–35% of the total production costs. The results of this research can assist successful enterprises, such as aerospace, automotive and medical, in successfully turning toward AM technology.Originality/valueImportant factors such as validity, feasibility and limitations, pre-processing and monitoring, are discussed to show how a process chain can be controlled and run efficiently. Reproducibility of the process chain is debated to ensure the quality of mass production lines. Post-processing and qualification of the AM parts are also discussed to show how to satisfy the demands on standards (for surface quality and dimensional accuracy), safety, quality and certification. The original contribution of this paper is identifying the main production costs of complex components using both conventional and AM.

ХЎЖАЛИК СУБЪЕКТЛАРИДА ХАРАЖАТЛАР ҲИСОБИ ВА ТАҲЛИЛИНИ ОҚИЛОНА ТАШКИЛ ҚИЛИШ ҲАМДА ЮРИТИШ МАСАЛАЛАРИ

The article discusses the issues of accounting and analysis of the main production costs, period costs and costs of financial activities in the system of effective management of business entities. The influence of production processes on the perfect business operations is studied, proposals are givenand recommendations for the organization of primary and consolidated cost accounting are developed.Кеу words:production process, cost classification, primary and consolidated documentation, main activity, cost period, financial activity

Biologinio turto ir žemės ūkio produktų savikainos kalkuliavimo sisteminis tyrimas

In the context of modern agribusiness, it is important to form suitable management accounting policy for agricultural business entities and properly collect information on costs in order to use it for cost calculation of biological assets and agricultural products, prepare financial and tax reports, and analyse and make innovative management decisions. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose a model for the formation of costing methodology for biological assets and agricultural products and determine the impact of formed cost calculation scenarios to the financial performance of the entity. Based on the results of the scientific literature analysis and the questionnaire survey of the persons managing the accounting of agricultural business entities, a matrix of scenarios for calculating the cost of agricultural production was created. After applying it to the case study and combining different indirect cost allocation alternatives with different methods of costs allocating to costing objects, the influence of the formed alternatives on the indicators of the main agricultural production cost and financial result of the agricultural entities was determined. A comparison of the alternatives for calculating the cost of agricultural production revealed significant fluctuations in indirect manufacturing costs and manufacturing production cost, which had a significant impact to changes in financial results. It was found, that the choice of the allocation base for indirect manufacturing costs has a more significant effect. Therefore, in order to prepare financial statements that give a true and fair view of the company’s operations, it is important to select differentiated bases for allocating indirect manufacturing costs as accurately as possible that would reflect the fairest possible relationship between accounting objects of manufacturing costs and certain indirect manufacturing cost items, as well as to[...]

Fluidised bed finishing process for aeronautical applications: Environmental and technical-economic assessment

The manual surface finishing process of aeronautical stators is time consuming and expensive. Moreover, this process is difficult to control and automate. To overcome these problems, this paper presents an innovative fluidised bed finishing process applied to turbine blades capable of guaranteeing compliance with the specifications in the absence of processing waste. Compared to the manual process performed by an individual operator, the fluidised bed process ensures the same quality in terms of surface roughness, with values of approximately 1 μm. It reduces the finishing costs of a single stator by approximately 80%, i.e., from € 769 to € 159, and increases productivity from approximately 42 units per year by manual processing to approximately 372 units. The significant increase in productivity is due to the possibility of processing an entire stator within the designed fluidised bed system. Despite an increase in the required investment costs, i.e., € 35,200 against € 1,000, the fluidised bed process guarantees a reduction in the main production cost items compared to that cost of a manual process, i.e., in terms of manpower (€ 2,703 vs. € 23,097) and processing materials (€ 4,346 € vs. € 6,906); this result, in combination with a significant increase in productivity, allows us to realise much cheaper processing than that with traditional methods. The performed life cycle assessment shows the excellent eco-sustainability of the fluidised bed process, and the corresponding environmental impact is much lower than that of the studied manual process, with a reduction of approximately 45% in the overall damage score, i.e., 11.598 pt vs. 21.094 pt. The traditional process is penalised above all by the considerable consumption of raw materials, i.e., 12.125 pt vs. 6.030 pt, which strongly affects the overall environmental impact. The fluidised bed process overcomes this problem and does not produce waste thanks to its high degree of automation and repeatability, therefore improving profits.

ANALISIS HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DAN KEUNTUNGAN USAHA PEMBIBITAN LADA DI DESA SUKADANA BARU KECAMATAN MARGA TIGA KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR

This research aims to analyze the main production cost and profit of local and recommended pepper breeding in Sukadana Baru Village, Marga Tiga Subdistrict, East Lampung Regency. Respondents are ten pepper breeding farmers divided into three groups based on the amount of production and length of business. The data were collected in March - April 2019. This research used a survey method where the qualitative and quantitative analysis are utilized as the data analysis tools. The quantitative analysis is utilized to analyze the main production cost and profit. The qualitative analysis is used to differentiate the main production cost and profit from each group. The results show that the cost production of local pepper breeding with variable costing method ranges from IDR1,103.86 - IDR1,466.68 and with the full costing method ranging from IDR1,351.71-IDR1,754.59. The basic cost of recommended pepper breeding with variable costing method ranges from IDR821.83-IDR1,011.09 and with the full costing method ranging from IDR1,011.90-IDR1,305.09. Local pepper breeding generated profit for cash costs in one year amounting to IDR1,516.08-IDR3,527,046.65 and for a total cost of IDR1,016,002.78-IDR2,764,370.65, the recommended pepper breedings generated profit from cash costs a year amounting to IDR4,823,589.37-IDR12,628,495.56 and over total cost of IDR2,297,595.11-IDR8,763,441.85. Key words: breeding, pepper, profit, the main production cost.

ANALISIS HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI, NILAI TAMBAH DAN KEUNTUNGAN AGROINDUSTRI KERIPIK TEMPE DI KOTA METRO

This research aims to analyze main production cost, added value, and income of tempe chips agroindustry. This research uses a case study method at three tempe chips agroindustries which are located in Metro City. Therefore, they are chosen purposively by considering the agroindustries are still active to produce. Respondents of this research are the owners of the tempe chips agroindustries. The field research was conducted in February until March 2019. The data collected in this research are primary and secondary data. Then, data analysis method uses quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that main production cost of tempe chips agroindustry is IDR32,874.39 per kilogram. Added values of tempe chips agroindustry show the positive values hence it is feasible to be developed. Tempe chips agroindustries are profitable because of the R/C values of more than 1.Key words: added value, agroindustry, cost, income, tempe chips

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI DAN BIAYA POKOK PRODUKSI PADI RAWA LEBAK DI DESA SERIJABO KECAMATAN SUNGAI PINANG KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR

This research aims at determining the farm income and main production cost of rice on lowland swamp in Serijabo Village Sungai Pinang Sub-District. This field research was conducted in February-March 2019. The location was one of central productions in Sungai Pinang Sub-District. The sample size was 51 rice farmers who were selected using simple random sampling method. The data were analyzed by using farm income and main production cost analysis with 95 percent of confidence level. The study showed that the biggest average production of rice was 4,446.35 kg per ha per year with the average of farm income of IDR3,655,271.77. The main production cost of rice per kilogram was IDR825,70 over cash costs and IDR3,682.70 per kg over total costs with 95 percent of confidence level between IDR2,.987.13 per kg and IDR4,335.80 per kg of rice.Key words: farming, income, lowland, production cost, rice