Main Pointer Research Articles

Mixture of Carbon-Dioxide and Liquefied Petroleum Gas as Refrigerants in Vapour Compression Refrigeration System: A Review

In this paper, the mixture of CO2 and LPG is being investigated, and the salient properties of the refrigerants were the main pointer to the development of a mixed refrigerant. Since CO2 offers a much higher volumetric capacity, the problem of the higher working pressure can be overcome by mixing it with a lower pressure refrigerant. LPG on the other hand has a cooling capacity of about 10% higher than R12 and the vapour pressure is appropriate. It has excellent thermodynamic properties leading to high energy efficiency and operates at lower pressures than other main refrigerants while maintaining a similar volumetric refrigerating effect, but it is highly flammable. Therefore, by combining CO2 and LPG in the right amounts, we can create a blend that will have low pressure while also being less combustible, more effective at cooling than the old one, more energy-efficient, with an improved coefficient of performance (COP), and safer for the environment. The different studies examined demonstrate that combining CO2 and LPG created products with greater refrigerating effect capacity, enhanced coefficients of performance (COP), were more energy-efficient, and were also secure and safe for the environment; that can be used to replace the existing refrigerants.

Assessment of knowledge management barriers and improvement strategies on public-private partnership projects in Nigeria

Several studies have alluded that many PPP stakeholders lack the required PPP competencies. The incompetence, most times, has failed in many PPP projects in developed and developing countries. One of the main pointers is the lack of knowledge transfer on many PPP projects, which could have benefitted the PPP procurement system. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge management barriers and improvement strategies for public-private partnership projects in Nigeria. The study used a quota-purposive sampling technique to select 100 construction professionals actively participating in different PPP projects in the study location. The result revealed that the leading knowledge management barriers include recording and tracking information on the PPP project, lack of management support towards knowledge management on the PPP project, and lack of expertise and skill to implement knowledge management tools. The dimensions of these knowledge management barriers are based on the features of PPP and the lack of KM competencies. To overcome these knowledge management barriers, the study showed that improvement strategies such as training and development of PPP stakeholders on knowledge management tools, legislative backing on using knowledge tools for storing PPP projects, and participation/commitment from relevant parties in information sharing need to be implemented. Inferential analysis of the improvement strategies showed that most of the improvement strategies were statistically significant. The study recommended developing PPP and KM competencies through short and long-term training and commitment from PPP stakeholders.

A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP AND IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE OF INDIA

One of the main pointers of the health of any economy is its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It indicates the size of the economy. It also helps in determining and comparing the growth of economy over different periods and also with that of other economies. Investment is the major factor that contributes to the growth of GDP. Increase in level of investment leads to the multiplier impact on increasing the levels of employment and income. There is significant role of Foreign Investment in open economies. Such investment can be direct or indirect. The current study aims to know the relationship and impact of growth rate of foreign direct investment (FDI) in India on growth rate of GDP in India. The study used correlation analysis and regression analysis. It found that there existed insignificant relationship between the growth rate of FDI and economic growth rate. Also, the results of regression analysis indicated the no significant impact of growth rate of FDI on growth rate of GDP.Keywords: FDI, GDP, Economic growth, Indian economyJEL Classifications: E01, F21, F43DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.10463

TRANSFORMATION OF THE KYIV MURALS AND MOSAICS AT THE TURN OF THE 1950–1960S AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE MONUMENTAL PAINTING DEVELOPMENT

During twentieth century monumental painting has undergone numerous changes in iconography, stylistics and figurative-plastic language itself. An important milestone was the turn of the '50–'60s. When the artists resorted to active decorative searches and the ways of plane expression.In the 1930–50's, socialist realism became the main pointer for the monumental artist, which was the dominant artistic method at that time. For the most effective use of this method, the artists have been oriented on the realistic and academic principles, filling classical forms with Soviet meaning. Panels become burdensome and suffocated by architectural decoration, the expressiveness of the monumental painting was lost.However, at the end of the '50s monumental painting began to move away from realistic tendencies. A search of new ways of expressions have been proceeded. A search of new ways of expressions proceeded. The impetus for rethinking styling was widely known resolution of November 4, 1955 "About the elimination of redundancies in design and construction. "The document became the peculiar starting point in Soviet architecture as well as monumental painting.According to this resolution aesthetical side had to be solved by organically linking the architectural form to the purpose of the building and established proportion. The task of architects was to work on the creation of standard buildings in simple economic forms.Thus, new opportunities for development in the monumental painting appear. With the formation of new architecture, murals and mosaics are gaining ground for experiments both with materials and figurative-plastic solutions.At the turn of the 60's significant projects were created in Kyiv, among them Kiev River Station (1961), Kiev Bus Station (1961), Shulyavska Subway Station (1963), Metro Restaurant (1963), interior design at The Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine (1962), exteriors of the Institute of Plant Protection of the UAAS (1962).

THE DYNAMICS OF DEGENERATION: A CONCEPTUAL VIEW FROM AYURVEDA

Degeneration is defined as a degradation of tissues and is a substitution in the body of an inferior for a superior form of t issue. Thre e main pointers of degeneration (1) aging (2) disease and (3) injury were identified as the aspects requiring an in - depth study of the role of bio - energies in the process. The Ayurveda texts specifically use the terms Kshaya and Shosha interpreted as atrophy a nd wasting respectively. Dhatu V i kruti, the impairment of the tissues is characteri zed by alteration in the quality of tissue, impairment of function and also complete destruction of the original elements of tissue. An early recognition of Dhatu V ikruti is therefore necessary to help prevent degeneration of the tissue.

The Social Context of Abuse of Elderly People in Emuhaya District, Kenya

Abuse of elderly people is a form of family violence, which has existed for years; although available data signify that much abuse goes unrecognized and is hidden from public awareness. Abuse of elderly people may take various forms including physical harm, sexual abuse, emotional or psychological abuse, financial or material exploitation, and intentional or unintentional neglect. Studies indicate that change and modernization have exacerbated the undermining of the roles, status and the welfare of elderly people who are increasingly becoming socially isolated and psychologically depleted. Elderly people in Emuhaya District may not be devoid of elderly abuse. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of empirical evidence on the extent and impact of this phenomenon. Thus, this study was designed to examine the social context of abuse of the elderly people in Emuhaya District. Specifically, the study sought to determine the prevalence of elderly people abuse in the district; examine different forms of abuse of elderly people; examine the social contexts under which abuse occurs and to analyze the attitude of the community towards the elderly people in the district. It was conducted within the context of social exclusion and disengagement theories and the concept of stress of the caregiver. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques were used to collect data. From a population of 11,127 elderly people aged 65 years and above, Yamane’s (1967) formula was used to sample 386 respondents. The findings of the study reveal that 81.1% of the elderly experience single or multiple abuses. This abuse is attributed to economical, physical, cultural, social and psychological factors. Results revealed that different groups of people have different attitudes towards the elderly and ageing. Generally, the social context of ageing determines the attitude toward ageing and the elderly. Since poverty appeared to be the main pointer to elderly abuse, it was recommended that a good economic environment should be provided so that the elderly remain economically productive, thus maintaining and enhancing the positive attitude of the youth towards the elderly. In addition, a coordinated community response to elderly people abuse is imperative. This will include institutionalized policies coordinated by all levels of the community including healthcare providers, community-based elderly abuse advocacy groups, elderly welfare and protective service agencies and the civil and criminal justice systems.

Influence of stripper operating parameters on the performance of amine absorption systems for post-combustion carbon capture: Part I. High pressure strippers

Amine absorption is a mature technology that is widely applied on a commercial scale for the removal of acid gases from gas mixtures. It is viewed as the most promising technology to separate carbon dioxide (CO2) at point emission sources such as fossil fuel fired power plants as a part of a strategy called ‘carbon capture and storage’ being deployed to mitigate climate change. However, there are major challenges in advancing its use for this application; the most prominent one being – cost. It is estimated that the application of current technology to CO2 capture will result in a 70–100% increase in the cost of electricity (COE). As a part of this two-part study, we have examined the influence of stripper operating parameters on carbon capture at a 400MW pulverized coal-fired power plant retrofitted with amine absorption technology. We use the process simulation software, ProMax® to simulate the amine absorption process. Three commercial absorbents namely monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and diglycolamine (DGA) are considered in this work. All the absorbents examined are studied at the typical working concentrations used in commercial operation. We also constrain the CO2 loading of rich amine solution to 0.4mol-CO2/mol-amine to closely resemble the chemical environment in commercial operation. The main pointer used to compare system performance is the parasitic power loss due to the carbon capture. Parasitic power loss comprises of the loss of plant output due to withdrawal of reboiler steam from the low pressure turbine; the electricity required for CO2 compression and by the plant auxiliaries such as blowers and pumps. We also examine the absorber and stripper column sizes and heat exchanger parameters which are key components of the system. On the basis of our findings in the first part of this study, we report that operating the stripper at higher pressures has significant advantages but also some disadvantages and operational challenges. We also report that DEA and DGA have a superior performance to MEA when used in high pressure strippers. We conclude that increasing the stripper pressure reduces the parasitic losses and the equipment sizing but may result in higher solvent losses and equipment corrosion.

A identidade capixaba em questão: uma análise psicossocial

Buscou-se o desenvolvimento de um estudo abarcando as representações sociais de professores sobre o folclore, verificando-se as conexões destas com a construção da identidade social. A pesquisa abarcou 32 docentes do ensino fundamental da rede pública municipal de Vitória. A coleta de dados realizou-se por meio de um questionário semi-estruturado que versou sobre temas relativos à problemática folclore capixaba e identidade. As questões estruturadas tiveram suas respostas tabuladas com o intuito de fornecerem dados quantitativos, já as respostas livres foram organizadas tendo em vista a construção de um corpus representacional que permitisse a aplicação de uma análise temática de conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que os sujeitos associam o folclore à cultura espontânea e o caracterizam como o principal indicador de uma identidade social local (capixaba), que se constrói por meio da comunicação social, cotidianamente e constitui-se das tradições culturais em geral, tanto materiais quanto imateriais.