Main Institutions Research Articles

Overview of plant species translocations in Luxembourg

In Luxembourg, 34 % of native plants and archaeophytes are considered threatened or regionally extinct. Species translocations have been implemented in Luxembourg for more than 25 years as a conservation strategy to counteract biodiversity loss. In this overview, we have compiled data on conservation actions implemented between 1997 and 2023. The information collected includes the translocation locations, the plant taxa targeted, the methods used, and the monitoring conducted. For a subset of translocations, we have also included data on the survival of planted juveniles. Examples of translocations from various habitat types were also presented to illustrate different approaches. We found that 585 translocations involving 99 taxa from 26 families were initiated by four main institutions in Luxembourg. The conservation actions mainly targeted Endangered and Critically Endangered, but also Least Concern species. Translocations mainly took place in open land habitats, particularly in grasslands and arable land, with a higher density in the southwestern part of the country. 39 % of the translocations took place in national nature reserves whereas 21 % were in areas without any legal protection status. Planting young plants was the preferred method rather than sowing seeds. In 89 % of the translocations, monitoring was conducted by recording survival of the plants, while natural recruitment of new individuals was rarely recorded. 68 % of the translocations were judged successful by the practitioners, mostly based on transplant survival. Detailed data for the subset of 31 grassland species showed that the survival rate of about half of the species considered successful varied between 25 and 71 %. Translocations are essential for the long-term conservation of plant species, but protection and adaptive management of translocation sites are also essential. Translocations conform to national and European priorities for increasing habitat restorations to counteract species decline. To improve conservation outcomes, actions such as translocations need to be consistently documented, monitoring standardized, and experience needs to be shared among stakeholders.

“Humanitarian Intervention” Concept in Crises Conditions Facing the International Community: Principles, Objective, Achievements

The humanitarian intervention concept has undergone great changes last decades, especially with disappearance of the “classical” East-West confrontation which prevents this concept implementation in practice in the pressing need context to ensure minimum functioning of the rule of law main institutions. This tendency is dictated by several factors, not only the legal nature but largely psychological, sociological and ultimately humanistic. Experts in international human rights law have noted and continue to emphasize that international law is reoriented to the natural person interest, often to the detriment of the states interests thereby influencing the very institution of international law subjects. However, the legal argumentation of the humanitarian intervention is closely related to the system functionality interpretation of international law principles, the topic that is traditionally debated between the adherents of classical “state sovereignty” and human rights concept in one form or another supranational.

Desafios para a Manutenção e Preservação de Coleções Zoológicas: um Estudo de Caso de Coleções de Mastozoologia em Minas Gerais, Brasil

Zoological collections serve as a basis for implementing public policies aimed at conserving natural environments. In Brazil, the majority of institutions that house zoological collections are university institutions, the majority of which have challenging conditions to maintain them as would be ideal. The present study aims to carry out a survey of the main institutions that have zoological collections in the state of Minas Gerais and, using a questionnaire, understand what are the biggest challenges faced in maintaining the collections. The research was directed to ten institutions. From the points raised, it was observed that, in the 21st century, the lack of financing and attack by pests (e.g., fungi and moths, among others) on preserved materials are the main obstacles to institutions, followed by inadequate physical spaces for storage. of material, lack of professionals and fallen biological material. Based on the above and the data collected by the research, it is suggested that public and/or private financing are extremely important in the conservation of zoological collections in the state of Minas Gerais.

Research Status and Hotspot Analysis of Curriculum Evaluation in Chinese Higher Vocational Education

This study employs CiteSpace, an information visualization software, to analyze the research status and trends in curriculum evaluation within Chinese higher vocational education. By collecting data from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database over the past two decades, the study generates knowledge maps and tables to reveal the spatiotemporal characteristics, core authors, research institutions, and hotspots in this field. The analysis shows distinct stages of development, with an initial development stage (2004-2007), an explosive growth stage (2008-2015), and a fluctuating development stage (2016-2023). The study identifies 14 core authors and the main research institutions, highlighting the need for stronger collaborative relationships. Through keyword co-occurrence and clustering analysis, the research hotspots are found to focus on the connotation evolution, realistic dilemmas, and functions of curriculum evaluation in Chinese higher vocational education. The study concludes by discussing the theoretical extension, categorical characteristics, dynamic improvement of indicators, and functional effects of teaching evaluation in Chinese higher vocational education. Future prospects emphasize the importance of expanding the evaluation system, adapting to industry needs, and developing intelligent teaching models to enhance the quality and relevance of higher vocational education in China.

Social media use and mistrust in authority: an examination of Kohlberg’s moral development model

Purpose The study explores how social media impacts institutional trust through the lens of Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. Specifically, this study aims to understand how moral relativism and moral intuitionism can moderate the relationship between social media use and perception of social authorities. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzes a large data set from the World Values Survey, covering responses from approximately 52,000 individuals across 45 countries between 2017 and 2022. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to test for interactions between social media use and stages of moral development on trust in social institutions. Findings The study finds that different stages of moral development significantly moderate the relationship between social media use and institutional trust. Specifically, higher moral development buffers the negative effect of social media use on trust in three main social institutions: law enforcement, parliament and the legal system. In contrast, individuals with higher levels of moral relativism and moral intuitionism are more susceptible to the negative influence of social media on institutional trust. Research limitations/implications The study relies on self-reported data from the World Values Survey, which may introduce response biases. In addition, while the large-scale data set offers insights into correlations, it does not allow for conclusive causal inferences. Originality/value This research contributes to understanding technology’s impact on modern societies by highlighting the role of individual moral development in shaping perceptions of key social institutions. The study uniquely integrates Kohlberg’s moral development theory with the influence of social media, offering a novel perspective on how personal moral systems can moderate the effect of digital media use.

Legitimate self-affirmation of a person in society

It was found that a number of objective and subjective factors influence the choice of value guidelines and the formation of individual legal value attitudes. The formation of a legal vector of human behavior in the modern legal space requires the development of personal qualities of a person through legal education, the development of value-based legal orientations, legal culture, and legal awareness. It is emphasized that a person’s legal awareness, as a set of ideas and perceptions of a person about positive law, must be formed on the principle of interconnection and complementarity of natural and positive law. In a legal state and a democratic society, a person should feel this interaction in the dominance of universal values and principles originating from the norms of natural law, as well as anthropocentrism in the norms of positive law. The formation of the legal culture of an individual through awareness of the purpose of law, its content, and basic ideas is a guarantee of respect for law and human rights and contributes to the formation of a valuable legal worldview and understanding of the principles of functioning of a civilized society. It is noted that today the state must take care that citizens have the proper level of legal culture and legal awareness, and also, it is important that this process is not ideological, but on the contrary, that a person feels that no one imposes any social models on him and ideals, except that legitimate self-assertion is encouraged. Attention is focused on the fact that the legitimate self-assertion of a person in society is the basis of his harmonious existence in the natural-legal field of the state within the natural­legal space and continues throughout life on the basis of learning the norms of social morality, universal ideals, awareness of the value and purpose of law and unconditionality in observance of basic human rights. The formation of a legitimate vector of individual development involves the interaction of the main social institutions for the development of legal culture, legal awareness and legitimate social attitudes, which will contribute to reducing the manifestations of illegal human behavior.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS: IMPROVING THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT

This article provides a brief overview of the formation and development of the Kazakh parliament as one of the main political institutions of the democratization process in the country from a historical point of view. The purpose of the scientific research is to analyze the election campaigns of members of parliament, carried out on the basis of radical political reforms carried out in the country under the direct leadership of President K.K. Tokayev, in accordance with the requirements of today. At the same time, the most important feature of this study is that it is conducted in a different environment, when our society is undergoing constitutional transformations characteristic of the period of the beginning of its true democratization.

A role played by the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Central Committee Bureau for Lithuania in suppressing resistance of partisans (November 1944–March 1947)

The article examines the role of one of the main administrative institutions of the Soviet occupation, the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Central Committee Bureau for Lithuanian Affairs, in organising the suppression of the anti-Soviet resistance in 1944– 1947. The research attempts to reveal how the fight against the resistance was managed, what solutions were proposed by the Moscow emissaries, what was their influence in suppressing the resistance, and what was the role of the ACP(B) CC Bureau for Lithuanian Affairs within the overall system of repression.

A bibliometric analysis of domestic and international research on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome over the past 2 decades.

Bibliometrics and statistics were used to determine and analyze the research status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) from 2004 to 2023, and objectively reflect the development and future trend of HFRS at home and abroad through comparison. To search the research literature on HFRS in China National Knowledge Network and Web of Science databases from January 2004 to December 2023, CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visually analyze the annual publication trends, authors, research institutions, countries, co-cited literature, keywords and other contents of the included literatures. A total of 4460 Chinese literatures and 2372 foreign literatures were included. The number of HFRS published in the Web of Science database showed a trend of positive growth, while the number of HFRS published in China National Knowledge Network showed a trend of decline. Bai Xuefan and Wang Zhiqiang were the most published authors in China, and foreign scholars Vaheri, Antti, Ahlm, Clas. The main research institutions in the domestic literature were Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, while foreign research institutions concentrated on the University of Helsinki and Ministry of Health. The top 3 countries in the literature research of Web of Science are the USA, China, and Germany. The analysis results of hot spots and trends suggested that we need to develop more reliable tools and methods in the monitoring and spatio-temporal analysis of HFRS epidemic data in the future, so as to provide references for the surveillance and early warning of zoonotic diseases in the field of public health research.

GENDER EQUALITY AND DISCRIMINATION – AN EXPLORATORY RESEARCH

The present research explores the concept of gender equality and the main issues faced by female civil servants in the pandemic, with purpose of designing recommendations for the development of an inclusive and fair working environment in the Romanian public administration. The study is an exploratory one and was conducted in the Romanian National Agency for Equal Opportunities for Women and Men, the main institution with prerogatives in developing and implementing the strategy for gender equality. The research methodology consists of a survey based on a questionnaire designed by the author. The main findings of the study are: stereotypes and gender role biases are the main cultural or systemic barriers, indicating an increased awareness, especially among women, of the impact of these stereotypes and prejudices on their career opportunities and progress. In addition, the main difficulties encountered by female civil servants during the pandemic were the necessity to spend more time with their families and doing house chores, as well as to take more often, unexpected leave days.

Una chacra en Montevideo, dos hoteles en Carnac. Tres casos paradigmáticos de ciencia en lugares impensados a ambos lados del Atlántico

This article focuses on two places that acted as spaces of training or “scientific” sociability for archaeology and palaeontology in the nineteenth century: two hotels in Brittany and a small house in Montevideo, which were meeting points and places for the exchange of ideas among the fieldworkers of these disciplines in the making. The spaces discussed here have in com- mon their being located in regions far from the main scholarly institutions: this is a phenomenon that occurs in the private sphere, at the crossroads of a literate and commercial culture that characterizes the scientific practices of Europe and Latin America, in spaces that are not necessarily linked to state or metropolitan infrastructures. The study of places that are removed from the metropolis reveals the great similarity between European and non-European provincial localities, which explains why Montevideo and Carnac are brought together in the same article.

The Role Of Character Education In Forming Ethical And Responsible Students

Character education refers to an approach to learning that aims to help students develop moral and ethical values, such as honesty, responsibility and empathy. The integration of these values in the curriculum and school activities along with the active support of teachers, families and communities are the main efforts for character education to build individuals who are highly ethical and responsible in every aspect of their lives. In this study, the literature research method was used. From the results, it is evident that teachers who have undergone specialised training in character education play an important role as living examples of these values. In addition, a safe and supportive school environment greatly contributes to the ethical formation of students. Another opinion states that the active participation of parents and the community also strengthens the implementation of moral values in schools through their daily behaviour. This finding proves the synergy relationship between the collaborative participation of the main institutions, namely school, family and the wider community, can empower students with strong character, have good morals and be perfectly responsible.

Redefining South Korean ODA (Official Development Assistance): How Technical Aid Emerges from its Contexts (1954-1965)

This paper considers the origins of South Korean ODA (official development assistance), working through the lens of KOICA’s (Korea International Cooperation Agency) two main predecessor institutions in the early 1960s. In contrast to KOICA (1991-prsent), associated with a rich Korea, this earlier period was dominated by small-scale efforts at outreach with neighboring countries, especially in Southeast Asia and Africa.In this context, two arguments emerge. First, Korean aid began earlier than is generally assumed, with the first outreach to African partners coming under discussion as early as 1960. Second, when the nation began its official in-country workshops a few years later, these were heavily influenced by the experiences Koreans had themselves undergone with the US in the form of “third-county training,” in which the US paired its partners to speed up the transfer of knowledge. In brief, Korean aid at its start point took place most frequently with new post-colonial partners, whether for diplomatic recognition, or for the exchange of knowledge, and went on to shape a new network as KODCO (Korean Overseas Development Corporation, 1965-1991) became a reality in the mid-1960s.

Первый храм в Челябинской крепости в контексте сакрализации пространства в ходе русской колонизации Урала и Сибири

The first temple in the Chelyabinsk fortress in the context of the sacralization of space during the Russian colonization of the Urals and Siberia.The article, on the basis of the sources involved, deals in general terms with the main problems of temple building in the frontier zone in the process of Russian colonization of the Urals and Siberia from the late XVI to the 1730s. Sources are acts of record documentation: decrees, orders, reports. The purpose of the article is to analyze the relationship between state and church structures in temple building. The work is done within the framework of cultural history.The main institutions of the colonization process were the structures of the state and the church, the direct actors were peasants, merchants and servicemen of various categories, and the Posad population. The consolidation of Russia in new territories was carried out through the sacralization of space. The starting point in this process was the construction of the first Orthodox church. Initially, the question of building a temple was raised by both the secular authorities and parishioners, depending on the specific situation. Then the functions of establishing the ecclesiastical and administrative structure were delegated by the center to the field.If earlier the chain looked like this: Orthodox first settlers - the center in Moscow - the royal decree in place of the voivode - implementation, execution of the decision on the spot; then a new link appears at the diocesan level in the person of the bishop. This was caused, first of all, by the increasing scale of colonization, the complication of the secular and ecclesiastical-administrative structure. In the record correspondence, the idea of the impossibility of the existence of an Orthodox person without a temple can be traced.To find out the initiators of the nomination of the first temple in the Chelyabinsk fortress, an analysis of the names of the bishops of the Siberian Metropolis, in charge of which the fortress was located, was undertaken; monks of the Assumption Dalmatian Monastery in 1735, whose archimandrite was instructed to lay the church; the heads of the families of the fortress, recorded in the census of 1739 – 1740. From this it was concluded that the "symphony" of the initiative "from above" and the initiative "from below" was made.

Interlibrary relationship development between Baltic republics

In this article, the main periods of the development of interlibrary relationships between Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia are characterized. It is suggested that official interlibrary relationships began in 1930 with the organization of the first conference for librarians. Collaboration between the largest scientific libraries of the Baltic republics emerged in the 1950s. However, during the years 1945-1957, the relationships could be characterized as spontaneous, unplanned, and covering only a few areas of library work. Since the 1960s, these relationships became more intensive, with new forms of collaboration being applied. In the 1960s-1970s, traditional forms of interaction between libraries of the same type were implemented in practice. The most intensive relationships were developed between technical libraries. Although recently a unified coordination of this relationship does not exist, which is why the potential for collaboration is only partially utilized, the interlibrary commissions and methodological centers are the main institutions for the further development of interlibrary coordination.

System–informational representation of the problem of complex physiotherapy

Objective. To highlight the systemic information representation of the problem of complex physical therapy (CPT) in the practice of KNIIKiVL with the determination of the treatment and rehabilitation potential of the CPT carried out in it. The Kyrgyz Scientific Research Institute of Balneology and Rehabilitation Treatment (KSRIBRT) is the main institution of balneology, physiotherapy and medical rehabilitation in the Kyrgyz Republic, whose main tasks are to carry out fundamental and applied scientific research in the relevant field, as well as to provide specialized physiotherapy and rehabilitation assistance to the population. It should be noted that one of the main functions of the KSRIBRT is to make proposals on the formation of state policy in the field of balneology, physiotherapy and medical rehabilitation. In this regard, the institution has its own 65‑year history, an established tradition, a verified style of scientific and practical activity, a great potential for comprehensive rehabilitation treatment, and an appropriate staff. In the context of the fact that physiotherapeutic rehabilitation is adopted by the strategy of the XXI century, it is necessary to ensure that the rehabilitation goal and objectives of the KSRIBRT should become planned, specific, measurable, realistically achievable, determined in time. To do this, it was first necessary to have a general understanding of the evidence-based effectiveness of complex physiotherapy (CPT) in patients with polypathies (PP).

Hotspots and frontiers of autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer: a bibliometric and visualization analysis from 2003 to 2023.

Autophagy was considered to induce resistance in chemotherapy, which was significantly associated with proliferation of cancer; however, few bibliometric studies on the relation between autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer are available. The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer by bibliometric analysis. Publications related to autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer from 2003 to 2023 were searched on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. The bibliometric analysis was conducted by using VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix." A total of 675 articles from 70 countries, led by China and the United States, were included in the analysis. The number of publications related to autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer is increasing year by year. Nanjing Medical University, Zhejiang University, China Medical University, and Sichuan University are among the main research institutions contributing to this field. The journal Cancers is the most popular publication in this area, with Autophagy being the most co-cited journal. These publications involve 4481 authors, with Chiu Chien-chih and Gewirtz David having published the most papers, and Noboru Mizushima being the most frequently co-cited author. Studying the relation between autophagy and chemotherapy in the occurrence and development of lung cancer, and exploring therapeutic strategies involving autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer, are the primary topics in this research field. "Tumor stem cells," "microRNA," and "EGFR" emerge as the primary keywords in the emerging research hotspots. Indeed, this bibliometric study provides valuable insights into the research trends and developments concerning autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer. By identifying recent research frontiers and highlighting hot directions, this study serves as a valuable reference for scholars interested in understanding the relationship between autophagy and chemotherapy in lung cancer. The comprehensive summary of findings offers a foundation for further exploration and advancement in this critical area of cancer research.

AFRIMETS supplementary comparison on calibration of caliper

Main textNational Metrology Institutes from 12 African countries, namely Egypt, Morocco, Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Mauritius and South Africa have participated in an international supplementary comparison on the calibration of caliper.This comparison was a part of larger supplementary comparison between 13 African countries for the calibration of hand measuring instruments. This larger comparison which was carried out during the period between December 2019 - December 2022 has been piloted by NIS, Egypt and has been registered in BIPM-KCDB database on December 2019. The artifacts have been prepared by NIS, Egypt and measured before sent to circulate between all participant countries in round-robin scheme and returned back again for NIS, Egypt where a final measurement was made for stability check.The main purpose of these comparisons is to support submission of CMCs for calibration of hand length measuring instruments in BIPM-KCDB.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

AFRIMETS supplementary comparison on calibration of feeler gauges

Main textNational Metrology Institutes from 8 African countries, namely Egypt, Morocco, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and South Africa have participated in an international supplementary comparison on the calibration of feeler gauges.This comparison was a part of larger supplementary comparison between 13 African countries for the calibration of hand measuring instruments. This larger comparison which was carried out during the period between December 2019 - December 2022 has been piloted by NIS, Egypt and has been registered in BIPM-KCDB database on December 2019. The artifacts have been prepared by NIS, Egypt and measured before sent to circulate between all participant countries in round-robin scheme and returned back again for NIS, Egypt where a final measurement was made for stability check.The main purpose of these comparisons is to support submission of CMCs for calibration of hand length measuring instruments in BIPM-KCDB.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

AFRIMETS supplementary comparison on calibration of dial gauge

Main textNational Metrology Institutes from 11 African countries, namely Egypt, Morocco, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Mauritius and South Africa have participated in an international supplementary comparison on the calibration of Dial Indicators.This comparison was a part of larger supplementary comparison between 13 African countries for the calibration of hand measuring instruments. This larger comparison which was carried out during the period between December 2019 - December 2022 has been piloted by NIS, Egypt and has been registered in BIPM-KCDB database on December 2019. The artifacts have been prepared by NIS, Egypt and measured before sent to circulate between all participant countries in round-robin scheme and returned back again for NIS, Egypt where a final measurement was made for stability check.The main purpose of these comparisons is to support submission of CMCs for calibration of hand length measuring instruments in BIPM-KCDB.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).