Main Socio-economic Indicators Of Development Research Articles

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ОСНОВНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГОРОЗВИТКУ ЗАКАРПАТСЬКОЇОБЛАСТІ

The article is devoted to the study of the analysis of the main indicators of the socio-economic development of the Transcarpathian region for 2019-2021. It was established that the socio-economic development of the country has several key indicators that reflect the state of the economy and the well-being of the population. The article provides a description of the main indicators of socio-economic development, their content and unit of measurement. The author analyzed the main indicators of socio-economic development of Transcarpathian region for 2019-2021 in value and relative terms, calculated growth rates. Covering the data of 2019-2021, it is possible to study that the main indicators of the socioeconomic development of Transcarpathian region have changed quite significantly during the studied period. The dynamics of indicators that positively and negatively characterize the socio-economic state of the Transcarpathian region are highlighted.

Gross regional product in Ukraine: two-dimensional analysis of regularities and territorial features

Purpose. Carrying out an analysis of panel data on individual indicators of the development of the regions of Ukraine in general and their aggregates, distinguished by territorial location and profitability in order to establish the main regularities and specific features of changes in their gross regional product. Methodology. On the basis of a sample of statistical indicators of the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine for the period from the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war (2014) to the full-scale invasion, the authors created panel series of data with the separation of regional groups according to territorial and income criteria. For each group panel series of data, random effects regression models were built in order to determine the presence of regularities and specific features of regional development in different groups. Findings. An analysis of scientific developments and practical results in the issue of determining the key factors of the formation of the gross regional product was carried out. Given the uncertainty in views on the key factors of regional development, an attempt was made to determine them using a two-dimensional analysis of panel data. For this purpose, a sample of statistical information on the main indicators of socio-economic development of each of the regions of Ukraine was formed and their grouping was carried out according to two criteria: territorial location and profitability according to the indicator of the gross regional product per capita. In general, five groups of oblasts were formed based on territorial characteristics and four groups of oblasts based on income characteristics, and a panel regression model was constructed for each of these groups, including the total set of regional panel data. The received specifications of the models made it possible to form a list of key regularities in the formation of the gross regional product in Ukraine, as well as to determine specific factors of influence on the resulting indicator for each of the groups of oblasts. Originality. On the basis of the given approach to the panel analysis of factors of regional development and, in particular, the formation of the gross regional product, based on a combination of statistical methods for grouping (clustering) regions according to various criteria and panel regression models, the hypothesis regarding the presence of common regularities of regional development in certain groups of oblasts of Ukraine was confirmed. The key factors and specific features of changes in the indicator of the gross regional product in Ukraine in general and in individual regional clusters are determined. Practical value. The possibility of practical use of the obtained results as key risk factors in the process of forming plans for the economic development of individual oblasts in the long term, as well as the application of the proposed approach to the study on key factors of the formation of other indicators of regional development.

Socio-hygienic aspects of mortality of the working-age population of an industrial city in Eastern Siberia (on the example of Usolye-Sibirskoye, Irkutsk region)

Introduction. For more than 80 years of its operation, JSC Usolekhimprom (Usolye-Sibirskoye, Irkutsk region) has released a significant amount of pollutants into the environment, such as mercury, lead, manganese, nickel, formaldehyde, phenols, etc. Despite the measures taken to rehabilitate the territory affected by the plant's activities, environmental pollution in Usolye-Sibirskoye remains a large-scale environmental problem and poses a threat to the city's population. Earlier it was found that the mortality rate of the population in the city exceeds similar indicators in comparison with the Irkutsk region and Russia in all age groups (child population, working age, older than working age). Scientists have established the maximum excess of the mortality rate among the working-age population.
 The study aims to assess the hygienic and socio–economic situation in the territory of Usolye-Sibirskoye and determine its impact on the causes and mortality rates of the working-age population.
 Materials and methods. Based on the official yearbooks of Roshydromet and reports of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Irkutsk region, the authors studied the state of the environment in Usolye-Sibirsky for 2010–2019. The scientists analyzed information on the main indicators of socio-economic development according to analytical reports on the socio-economic situation in the municipality "Usolye-Sibirskoye" for 2010–2019, as well as based on information from the database of indicators of municipalities of the Irkutsk region (Irkutskstat).The authors studied the mortality rate of the working-age population according to forms C-51 "Number of deaths by sex, age and individual causes of death" and 2RN "Population by sex and age" for 2010–2019. Based on the data obtained, they calculated age-standardized mortality rates from the main classes of causes in accordance with the indicators averaged over 10 years. As a standard, the researchers adopted the age structure of the Russian population for 2010 in accordance with the census data. Standardization was carried out by the direct method.
 Results. There is a severe environmental situation in Usolye-Sibirskoye is experiencing associated with man-made pollution of all components of the biosphere, including carcinogenic substances. When comparing mortality rates in Usolye-Sibirsky with regional and average Russian values, experts revealed an excess of mortality rates from all studied classes of causes among both men and women. There is an extremely unfavorable situation in terms of mortality from infectious diseases (5 times and 7.3 times higher compared to Russia for men and women, respectively), including from HIV infection and tuberculosis, as well as causes of death related to alcohol, the prevalence of which is associated with the socio-economic instability of the city. It is possible to note high mortality rates from causes that have an etiological connection with the consequences of the production activities of the Usolekhimprom enterprise (from diseases of the nervous system, malignant neoplasms, liver diseases).
 Conclusion. Sanitary and hygienic living conditions of the population of Usolye-Sibirskoye can be characterized by an extremely high level of contamination of all components of the biosphere with substances of hazard classes 1–2 and carcinogens. The unfavorable socio-economic situation due to the closure of the largest enterprise exacerbates the existing risks of premature mortality and leads to an increase in mortality from socially significant diseases. The working-age population is most vulnerable to these factors, since it is on it that the entire demographic burden falls.

State policy in the field of management of socio-economic processes in modern Russia

The article is devoted to the study of the prospects for the development of the model of socio-economic policy of Russia in the conditions of the sixth technological order. The analysis of the main indicators of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for 2021-2022 and the planned period from 2023 to 2025 is carried out. Three directions of development of the model of socio-economic policy of Russia are proposed, affecting the issues of sustainable development of the territories of the state, increasing the number and importance of scientific research, control of pricing for goods and services.

Socio-Economic Policy of Latvia: Assessment of Efficiency and Effectiveness

The article presents a scientific and analytical review and defines the essence of the concept of social policy taking into consideration the authors’ version of separation of approaches to the definition of social policy at macro and micro levels, as well as in the context of its connection with economics. A system of indicators for evaluating performance of social policy was developed, and a methodology for evaluating its effectiveness based on a comparative analysis of the dynamics of changes in the main indicators of socio-economic development of Latvia was proposed. The research methodology is based on determining an integral indicator that aggregates eight main areas of socio- -economic policy measured using 32 indicators identified based on expert assessments. The study presents two different approaches to assessing the dynamics of changes in the main indicators of socio-economic development of Latvia for the period from 2010 to 2020. Analysis of the surveyed data showed extremely slow changes in the social well-being of Latvia’s residents, which, however, show positive dynamics, indicating an improvement in Latvia’s overall social policy. The results obtained can be used to monitor the effectiveness of the socio-economic policy (SEP) of Latvia and develop programmes to improve the welfare of the country’s residents.

Diversified approaches to the policy of strengthening the resilience of Ukrainian regions in the face of global shocks

The issue of unequal development of Ukrainian regions is not a recent one. Nonetheless, a new global shock – Russia’s war against Ukraine – has further exacerbated the differences between regions in terms of their development opportunities and the necessary state support, as its intensity has a differentiated spatial (geographical) nature. The article substantiates the expediency of implementing a diversified policy of strengthening the resilience of Ukrainian regions in the face of global shocks, taking into account local socio-economic needs, endogenous development capacity, and security factor. The author identifies the basic guidelines for a diversified policy of strengthening the resilience of Ukrainian regions in the context of global shocks, namely: 1) creation of attractive socio-economic and infrastructural conditions for maintaining and developing the capacity of Ukrainian economic entities; 2) return of displaced persons from abroad; 3) balanced and sustainable development of the state. The article offers a conceptual approach to a diversified policy of strengthening the resilience of Ukrainian regions in the face of global shocks in terms of functional types of territories (recovery areas, regional growth poles, territories with special development conditions, and sustainable development areas) and levels of governance (regional/territorial and national). The author argues that ensuring the resilience, sustainability, and cohesion of territorial development requires the implementation of a set of measures that involve intervention at the national level. First and foremost, it is the matter of strengthening national defense and security, enhancing environmental safety, pursuing a proactive social policy and the development of the labor market as its integral part, and intensifying the state’s European integration policy. The expected consequences of the implementation of a diversified approach to the policy of strengthening the resilience of Ukrainian regions in the face of global shocks include a) reduction of imbalance in regional development, creation of equal conditions for dynamic and balanced socio-economic development of regions, and creation of favorable conditions for attracting investment and infrastructure development; b) creation of new jobs and increase in employment and overall living standards of residents, which will contribute to overcoming poverty and unemployment in the future; c) maximizing the use of the region’s endogenous capacity for its balanced development and improving the living standards of the population; d) rational and economical use of natural resources, taking into account the need to preserve and protect the environment. The author emphasizes the importance of monitoring the results of the implementation of measures to strengthen the resilience of Ukrainian regions in the face of global shocks, which should be conducted based on appropriate indicators for quantitative (using the main indicators of socio-economic development expressed in natural or cost terms) and qualitative (to track the consequences/results of specific measures and/or policy instruments for strengthening regional resilience) analysis.

THE EFFICIENCY OF INDIVIDUAL AND PUBLIC SPENDING ON HIGHER EDUCATION IN OECD COUNTRIES AND IN UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the analysis of the efficiency of higher education funding from the perspective of higher education applicants (cost of education) and from the perspective of the state (budget expenditures, investments in preparation of specialists).The article contains the main indicators of socioeconomic development of the OECD countries and Ukraine. The analysis has shown that in Ukraine the amount of higher education expenditures as a percentage of GDP has an average value compared to the OECD countries, while this amount in monetary terms is significantly lower than in other countries.The efficiency of higher education costs for the individual and expenditures for the state in the OECD countries and in Ukraine have been evaluated. The efficiency of individual costs of higher education is calculated using the discounted cash flow method, applied to the cost of education and the difference in wages between qualified and unqualified personnel. The efficiency of public spending on higher education (investment in the training of specialists) is calculated using the discounted cash flow method applied to the share of public spending on higher education and GDP growth generated by labor with better skills. The results of the calculations have shown that the efficiency of state expenditures on higher education is higher than the efficiency of individual costs.

Migration attractiveness as a factor in the development of Kazakhstan cities

Territorial development in Kazakhstan is characterized by uneven distribution of resources and population settlement, forming zones of attractiveness and regions that remain undeveloped and unat- tractive for the majority of the country’s population. Large cities with attractive living conditions, where there is a concentration of labor (talented youth and specialists), along with managed urbanization, are seen as a factor in the economic growth of regions and an improvement in the quality of life of the popu- lation. In this context, the ability of a place to attract migrants is essential for enhancing its economic competitiveness and innovative potential. In this work, the authors set the task of studying the migration attractiveness of the largest Kazakhstani cities in order to identify the relationship between the migration balance and indicators of their socio-economic attractiveness. The authors suggest that the migration attractiveness of cities is determined by the state of socio-economic development. To analyze the role of individual factors in the formation of migration processes based on the concept of sustainable devel- opment, a correlation analysis of the country’s cities was carried out according to the main indicators of socio-economic development. Cities are characterized by a stable population inflow over the studied years and migration processes depend on the social and economic indicators of urban development. The identified indicators of urban migration attractiveness can be taken into account when developing a system of regional standards for large cities. Key words: city, urban population, indicators, migration, migration attractiveness, migration growth, urbanization.

Obituary of Rzhanitsyna, LS

In the context of the economic crisis caused by the spread of coronavirus infection, the global labour market has faced serious challenges, on the timeliness and effectiveness of the response to which the viability of the world economy today depends. The crisis is global in nature and has a significant impact on investment, global value chains and international trade, with serious consequences not only for the economy, but also for the working-age population in all countries of the world. The global economic turmoil caused by the coronavirus pandemic requires a thorough analysis of the scale of its consequences in order to determine the most rational solutions. A situation of uncertainty about the future, fear of devastating consequences, and pessimistic forecasts were the companions of the first days of the pandemic. This article provides the first estimates of the level of unemployment and employment in various countries of the world in 2020. The article is divided into two parts due to its large volume. The first part reveals the reasons for the differences in the dynamics of unemployment in different countries of the world, calculates the elasticity of employment by GDP, considers the consequences of the pandemic for the global labor market in the context of changes in workers' incomes, and identifies the segments of the labor market that are most susceptible to impact. The second part of the article examines in detail the state of the Russian labour market and the dynamics of the main indicators of socioeconomic development of Russia before and during the pandemic, provides forecast values of indicators, reveals the features of adaptation of the Russian labor market to new challenges and their differences from the mechanisms of self-regulation during previous economic shocks, while focusing on the changes occurring in the informal sector of the Russian economy

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on the Global labour Market: an Analysis of Emerging Trends (Part One)

In the context of the economic crisis caused by the spread of coronavirus infection, the global labour market has faced serious challenges, on the timeliness and effectiveness of the response to which the viability of the world economy today depends. The crisis is global in nature and has a significant impact on investment, global value chains and international trade, with serious consequences not only for the economy, but also for the working-age population in all countries of the world. The global economic turmoil caused by the coronavirus pandemic requires a thorough analysis of the scale of its consequences in order to determine the most rational solutions. A situation of uncertainty about the future, fear of devastating consequences, and pessimistic forecasts were the companions of the first days of the pandemic. This article provides the first estimates of the level of unemployment and employment in various countries of the world in 2020. The article is divided into two parts due to its large volume. The first part reveals the reasons for the differences in the dynamics of unemployment in different countries of the world, calculates the elasticity of employment by GDP, considers the consequences of the pandemic for the global labor market in the context of changes in workers' incomes, and identifies the segments of the labor market that are most susceptible to impact. The second part of the article examines in detail the state of the Russian labour market and the dynamics of the main indicators of socioeconomic development of Russia before and during the pandemic, provides forecast values of indicators, reveals the features of adaptation of the Russian labor market to new challenges and their differences from the mechanisms of self-regulation during previous economic shocks, while focusing on the changes occurring in the informal sector of the Russian economy

Relevant issues of social and economic stability of rural areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The article reveals theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing the sustainable development of rural areas in Kazakhstan. In the course of the analysis, the authors revealed that economically stable and socially developed rural areas will become the basis of stability, independence and food security of the country. Changes in the number of rural population, natural growth and migration growth in recent years have been analyzed. The main socio-economic indicators of development of the Kazakh countryside are presented. The authors state that the losses are mainly observed in the spheres of professional, scientific and technical activities. It is concluded that the problems of improving the level and quality of life in the countryside should not be solved by the old costly methods. The conditions and opportunities for the development of rural areas are diverse in the republic. In this regard, studies aimed at assessing the potential of rural settlements, as well as the effectiveness of the activities of State and local authorities in ensuring sustainable development of rural areas, become relevant. The generalization of literary sources and foreign experience showed the importance of the main directions of public support for rural residents, the implementation of which contributes to the efficient use of agricultural resources, modernization of production and development of innovative technologies, formation of conditions for the intensive development of small business and entrepreneurship in rural areas, the increase in the employment level of rural residents due to expanding the scope of non-agricultural activities and more fully involving rural labor resources in economic turnover, increasing their level of income.

МІСЦЕ ТА РОЛЬ ХАРЧОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ В ЕКОНОМІЧНІЙ СИСТЕМІ КРАЇНИ

Based on the significant relevance of the study and analysis of previous studies, previously unresolved parts of the overall problem were identified and the purpose of the study was formulated. The aim of the article was to determine the general systemic relationships of the dynamic development of the food industry of Ukraine under the condition of accelerating the formation of a stable economy. The article analyzes the place and role of the food industry in the economic system of the country. The ratio of the volume of sold products of the industry to GDP in the dynamics for 2010–2020 is given. The tabular form shows the main indicators of socio-economic development of the country and the volume of output in the food industry. Based on these data, using the Excel spreadsheet, the correlation coefficient was determined alternately between the total volume of products produced in the food industry in Ukraine and the main macroeconomic indicators. The correlation coefficient between the volume of food production and macroeconomic indicators is ranked. There are four groups on the impact on the volume of production in the food industry. The first group of factors that most affect the volume of food production includes macroeconomic factors such as the average exchange rate, the number of households, and the average number of employees by type of economic activity, deposits. In order to determine the place and role of the food industry among other types of economic activity in Ukraine, we conducted an analysis of the gross value added. The dynamics of value added in the food industry for 2013–2019 is shown in graphical form. The forecast of value added in the food industry based on a certain equation of the trend line of value added in food production showed that by 2025 value added will continue to grow to UAH 170 billion. For comparison, the graph shows the structure of gross value added by type of economic activity in Ukraine in 2019. It is concluded that in 2019 the largest share in the creation of value added was industry (36.02%). According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the food industry is essential for the growth of the country’s GDP and significant potential for growth and needs additional investment resources for its development.

Ensuring growth in international competitiveness of national instrument production

Introduction. Mechanical engineering and instrument-making is one of the most science-intensive industries and the level of development of instrument-making directly depends on the main indicators of socio-economic development of the state. At the same time, in Ukraine this industry and its products lag behind the world level due to a number of objective reasons, which are of economic, political and technological nature. Lagging in technologies, lack of domestic innovations and high cost of new equipment make it necessary for enterprises to replace the main production assets, as well as to complete the final reorientation of the economic model of development.
 Aim and tasks. Study the state of instrument-making products of Ukraine, with subsequent identification of areas to improve its competitiveness.
 Results. The dynamics of indices of industrial production during 2015-2019 was analyzed and the share of instrument-making in industry from 2015 to 2019 was identified. PEST-analysis of domestic instrumentation was carried out to identify economic, political, social and technological factors affecting its competitiveness. The sufficient efficiency of instrument-making enterprises is justified taking into account methodological postulates of the theory of effective competition. Certain fluctuations can be explained firstly by the presence of crisis phenomena in the Ukrainian economy in 2014-2015. And secondly, the dynamics of indicators is closely related to the processes within the company. On the other hand, the analysis of the export structure indicates a decrease in the volume of high-tech products due to the lack of international competitiveness of the industry.
 Conclusions. It is proved that the development of instrument-making enterprises is cyclical. The main directions of increasing the competitiveness of domestic instrument-making enterprises and their products on world markets are proposed, namely: updating of the entire technological platform of instrument-making; launching production of new high-tech products that are more innovative and knowledge-intensive, development of international cooperation and cooperation, a course to develop the scientific environment in the field of instrumentation.

ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В АГРАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ УКРАЇНИ

У статті висвітлено сутність, основні особливості інвестицій в аграрний сектор, що зумовлюються специфікою правового стану України, специфікою аграрного виробництва в Україні та специфікою нового світового порядку планування, виробництва, розподілу. Визначено теоретичні та методологічні проблеми залучення інвестицій в аграрний сектор України. Виділено основні складові сільськогосподарської галузі економіки, в які в Україні, в основному, залучено іноземні інвестиції. Проаналізовано види та деякі характеристики інвестицій, основні проблеми гальмування інвестицій в діяльність сільськогосподарських підприємств. Запропоновано шляхи вирішення існуючих проблем інвестицій в діяльність сільськогосподарських підприємств. Охарактеризовано ризики вкладання інвестицій в діяльність сільськогосподарських підприємств. Проаналізовано динаміку прямих іноземних інвестицій у сільське господарство за період з 2010 по 2017 рр. та їх вплив на основні показники розвитку сільського господарства України. Зроблено висновок, що іноземних інвесторів цікавлять підприємства, які можуть забезпечити за короткий час повернення вкладеного капіталу з отриманням найбільшого прибутку. З огляду на це, більш перспективними в українській економіці для них є не виробництво сільськогосподарської продукції, а її переробка. Сьогодні увага акцентується на необхідності диверсифікації джерел інвестиційного забезпечення аграрної сфери. Виявлено на які види за видами вирощуваних культур розподілилися посівні площі. Визначено ТОП-10 найбільших агрохолдингів за обсягом земельного банку. Виділено основні індикатори інвестиційного розвитку сільського господарства України. Обґрунтовано стратегічну спрямованість залучення іноземних інвестицій в аграрний сектор економіки України. Зроблено висновок, що недостатня ступінь довіри іноземних інвесторів до України і високий рівень інвестиційного ризику зумовлюють низький рівень надходжень інвестицій, а інвестиційний клімат в свою чергу безпосередньо впливає на основні показники соціально-економічного розвитку держави. Проаналізовано стратегічні цілі, індикатори інвестиційного розвитку сільського господарства України та основні макроекономічні проблеми.

ПРОЕКТНЫЙ ПОДХОД КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМ РАЗВИТИЕМ РЕГИОНА

In order to implement the priority directions of accelerating economic growth, improving the quality of life and well-being of the country's citizens, through structural changes in the economy and social sphere, the objective need to introduce effective modern management tools comes to the fore. Management is considered as a factor, a property and a prerequisite for the socio-economic development of the territory, which determines the definition of the organization of an effective management process as the main task of the authorities. The article presents the main indicators of socio-economic development of the region: gross domestic product (GDP), life expectancy, employment level and education level. The implementation and development of the project approach in the public sector was identified as a tool for improving management efficiency in 2016. The article considers the main organizational tasks in the framework of the implementation and development of the project approach in the state. The analysis of these tasks identified possible directions for further development of the project approach, which consist in material incentives for project participants and automated aggregation of the necessary information in the framework of project implementation from various state information systems into a single project management system. The positive effect in the socio-economic development of the territory is illustrated by the achievement of a large number of socio-economic goals and results. This was made possible due to the peculiarities of the project approach, which consists in the presence of personal responsibility for the implementation of projects, detailed development of action plans, control deadlines, constant monitoring of project parameters, identification and organization of work with project risks, flexibility of project management, including through the introduction of an information system and, as a result, reducing the time for approving documents within the project.

Conceptual principles of public management of socio-economic development of the region

The analysis of the scientific sources devoted to problems of regional development is carried out. The article reveals that the organizational and legal basis for the regional policy has been formed the basic principles of regulation of socio-economic development at the regional level have been determined in Ukraine during the period of independence. The research shows that in the context of continuing administrative reform, the state regional policy, which is part of the national strategy of the socio-economic development of Ukraine, is closely linked to adjusting the administrative-territorial structure of the state. It is implemented by executive authorities and local governments through the system of methods, tools, means, measures for the realization of the defined purposes and maintenance of efficient, complex management of social and economic development at the regional level. The dynamics of the main indicators of socio-economic development at the regional level is presented. The paper shows that the GRP resumed growing in Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The analysis indicates the population reduction in all regions of Ukraine, except for Kyiv region, which is the leader in the number of arrivals; concentration of human resources in industrial regions (25% of the population of Ukraine is concentrated in Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv regions); GRP growth per capita in most oblasts and Poltava, Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv (excluding Kyiv) oblasts reaching the leading positions; increasing level of concentration of production in cities with a population of over a million: Kyiv, Kharkiv and in the largest regional centers of Ukraine: Dnipro, Odesa, Lviv, and others. The paper proves that public authorities during the development of strategic, program decisions on regional development management should take into account the challenges caused by the geopolitical situation, the global crisis caused by the pandemic, climate change, man-made disasters, etc.

Statistics of interregional differences and the status of budgetary system of the Russian Federation

The purpose of the article is to assess the status and develop measures of state policy to overcome consistently interregional differences in the level and quality of life of the population based on promoting the independence of regional and local authorities of the Russian Federation. The applied purpose of the work is to determine the optimal values of the distribution of revenues of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation at the levels of the budget system as a financial condition of the solvency of the subnational authorities. According to the provisions of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.05.2018 No. 204 “On National Goals and Strategic Objectives of Development of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2024” the range of issues is of critical importance, as it requires the inclusion of regional and local authorities in the implementation of national projects. Materials and methods. The article analyzes the changes in the level of interregional differences in the main indicators of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for 2000, 2005 and 2016–2018. Based on the analysis of interregional differentiation by own and total revenues of their consolidated budgets, the changes in the level of financial independence of subnational authorities were assessed. As factors, hindering the development of regions with “self-reliance”, the state debt policy, the practice of inter-budget transfers, and the income structure of three-tier budget system of the country are analyzed. The methodological basis of the study is the work on regional statistics, structural analysis, quantitative modeling. Tabular and graphic methods of visualization of research results, statistical methods of processing of initial data were used. To solve the problems of the study, standard Microsoft application packages were used. Results. The article shows the excessive centralization at the Federal level of the main decisions that determine the fiscal and debt policy of regional and local authorities, the “explosive” growth in the volume of subnational debt for these years, as well as the “blurring” of inter-budget transfers from the Federal budget to the budgets of the Russian Federation regions. The debt policy of the state and inter-budgetary regulation are estimated as not fully corresponding to the tasks of spatial development of the country. A system solution for optimizing the structure of three-level budget system of the Russian Federation is proposed and a method for defining the optimal values of the distribution of revenues of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation by levels of the budget system is presented. Conclusion. The high heterogeneity of Russia’s spatial development is one of the features of its economy. The article deals with the differentiation of Russian regions in terms of the level and quality of life of the population, analyzes the factors that led to this differentiation. State fiscal and debt policy, inter-budget transfer policy are the key factors in consistently solving the problems of overcoming interregional differences in the level and quality of life of the population, improving the competitiveness of the country, ensuring sustainable economic growth. Achieving the optimal structure of the budget system (as well as the movement to it) will create conditions not only for the inclusion of subnational authorities in the implementation of national projects, but also for the implementation of the diversity of the potential of its regions – a unique advantage of the Russian Federation.

Statistics of regional differences and the status of budgetary system of the Russian Federation

The purpose of the article is to assess the current state and develop measures of state policy to overcome consistently the interregional differences in the level and quality of life of the population based on promoting the independence of regional and local authorities of the Russian Federation. The applied purpose of the work is to determine the optimal values of the distribution of revenues of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation at the levels of the budget system as a financial condition of the solvency of the subnational authorities. Due to the provisions of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation from 07.05.2018 No. 204 “On National Goals and Strategic Objectives of the Development of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2024” the range of issues is of critical importance, as it requires the inclusion of regional and local authorities in the implementation of national projects.Materials and methods. The paper analyzes the changes in the level of interregional differences in the main indicators of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for 2000, 2005 and 2016–2018. Based on the analysis of interregional differentiation by the own and total revenues of their consolidated budgets, the changes in the level of financial independence of subnational authorities were assessed. As factors, hindering the development of regions with “selfreliance”, the state debt policy, the policy of inter-budget transfers, as well as the structure of income of the three-level budget system of the country are indicated and analyzed. The methodological basis of the study is the work on regional statistics, structural analysis, quantitative modeling. Tabular and graphic methods of visualization of research results, statistical methods of processing of initial data were used. For the solution of research tasks, the standard packages of the applied programs of Microsoft Windows were used.Results. The article shows the excessive centralization at the Federal level of the main decisions that determine the fiscal and debt policy of regional and local authorities, the “explosive” growth in the volume of subnational debt for these years, as well as the “blurring” of inter-budget transfers from the Federal budget to the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The debt policy of the state and inter-budgetary regulation are estimated as not fully corresponding to the tasks of spatial development of the country. A system solution for optimizing the structure of three-level budget system of the Russian Federation is proposed and a method for determining the optimal values of the distribution of revenues of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation by levels of the budget system is given.Conclusion. The paper deals with the differentiation of Russian regions in terms of the level and quality of life of the population, analyzes the factors that led to this differentiation. The high heterogeneity of Russia’s spatial development is one of the features of its economy. State fiscal and debt policy, inter-budget transfer policy are the key factors in consistently solving the problems of overcoming interregional differences in the level and quality of life of the population, improving the competitiveness of the country, ensuring sustainable economic growth. Achieving the optimal structure of the budget system (as well as the movement to it) will create conditions not only for the inclusion of subnational authorities in the implementation of national projects, but also for the implementation of the diversity of the potential of its regions – a unique advantage of the Russian Federation.

Modern challenges of border areas development in the context of decentralization reform

An integral part of the implementation of any reform is the emergence of the risks of its negative impact on one or another area of region development. The decentralization reform in Ukraine is not an exception. In its the context the most probable occurrence of negative phenomena is in the border regions, which could be prevented by first detecting them. In the scientific article, the authors focus on the analysis of a number of challenges for the development of border regions in the context of decentralization reform. Given the territorial remoteness of the central regions of the country and the capital, which today serve as areas of concentration of investment and economic activity, the border regions traditionally (this is typical for the border areas of the EU member states) lag behind the rest of the regions by the main socio-economic indicators of development. Among the main challenges facing the border regions of Ukraine today are the following: the provision of competitiveness in the context of European integration processes and reduction of the border barrier function; low level of economic security; the outflow of human capital and the issue of ethnic minorities. Based on an expert survey of representatives of the fifteen united territorial communities (UTCs), the possibility of such risks of decentralization in the border regions were defined as following: groundless use of local budget funds; emergence of significant imbalances between delegated new authority and available financial resources of the community; increasing uneven development of territories within the community; increasing uneven development of communities within the country; deterioration of the availability and quality of providing educational and medical services; deterioration of the quality of local government; reducing of the state influence on the management of local development processes; radicalization of political unions representing the interests of ethnic minorities in places of their compact residence; further economic decline of the territory of communities and so on.

Assessment of financial and economic security of the region (based on the relevant statistics of the Donetsk region)

In the article, the indicators of financial and economic security of Donetsk region are analyzed. The task of setting statistical estimation of financial and economic security of the region in modern conditions is based on the official materials of the State Statistics Service. For the possibility of further econometric modeling and forecasting, only quantitative indicators are used. This approach limits the number of evaluated indicators, but is considered the most objective. The analysis of financial and economic security is carried out in the context of two spheres of regional development: economic and social. The conducted analysis of the dynamics of the main socio-economic indicators of development of the Donetsk region for the period 2012–2016 allowed to identify the main trends characterizing the development of the region’s economy; provide an assessment of the financial and economic security of the region and identify some “problematic” places of financial and economic security in Donetsk region. Some of the most acute problems were identified in the assessment of financial and economic security and the features of state-legal provision of financial and economic security in the present conditions, as well as the proposed algorithm for monitoring the financial and economic security of the region. The analysis allowed to identify some “bottlenecks” of financial and economic security in the Donetsk region and to demonstrate that close attention and monitoring are required by the level of capital investments, the level of unemployment and the share of households with incomes per month below the legal living wage. The study enables to minimize the risks to form effective directions in assessing the financial and economic security of the region and proposes to optimize on a legal basis the whole mechanism for ensuring the financial and economic security of the region. As a result, the research revealed the most acute problems in assessing the financial and economic security of the region and proposed an appropriate algorithm for monitoring its level.