Main Ideas Research Articles

DPIC OPEN CALL

The third edition of the International Drawing and Photography Contest (DPIc) 2024, a competition integrated in scopio Architecture, Art and Image - UTOPIA is directed towards the Identity of Universities spaces of teaching experience and work and open to all academic communities, both in Portugal and abroad.
 The contest has the joint coordination of the Center for Studies in Architecture and Urbanism (CEAU), the R&D Center of Architecture School of the University of Porto (FAUP), the Centre for English, Translation and Anglo-Portuguese Studies of the Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto (CETAPS/FLUP), i2ADS – Institute of Research in Art, Design and Society is a R&D unit based at the Faculty of Fine Arts of the University of Porto (FBAUP) and Research Institute for Design, Media and Culture [ID+] and the Institute Arquitecture and Development (Arq.ID) based at University Lusófona of Porto. It also has he institutional support of U.Porto’s Rectorate and in partnership with AEFAUP, counting with the support of other Student Associations of U.Porto.
 The main ideas present in the contest Drawing and Photography Contest (DPIc) integrated in- Architecture, Art and Image – UTOPIA is to open the Universities to the Civil Society through Drawing and Photography projects, showcasing the multifaceted richness of activities, experiences and architectures related to the Learning institutions and its diverse spaces of experience and work.
 Deadline for the submission of projects: 31 of July, 2024

Памяти профессора Сергея Петровича Баранова посвящается… (О II Международном научном форуме «Гносеологические основы образования»)

The article reveals the main ideas of Professor S.P. Baranov, which were comprehended at the II International Scientific Forum "Epistemological Foundations of Education"; the ways and technologies of implementing the ideas of the scientist at sections, discussion platform, round tables that took place within the framework of the Forum are described.

唐詩에서 나타나는 부러움 및 질투심에 대한 고찰

This paper examines jealousy and envy reflected in Tang Dynasty's poetry. There were countless works in Tang poetry describe the situation that their authors' talents could not be recognized or they were relegated due to slander. Unlike them, some people succeed in their official careers without any difficulties due to relationships or mere luck. This difference in experience easily aroused envy and jealousy of unrecognized poets. However, if they directly expressed this kind of emotion without concealment, it would have easily made their readers regard those works superficial and vulgar. Therefore, it was necessary to express it through certain rhetorics. This article focuses on the analysis of the Tang poems which employ these rhetorics and contain the word “羨, (xian, envy)”. It aims to explore the relationship between the poets' envy, jealousy and the main ideas of their poems, the poets' tactful way of revealing envy and jealousy, and the poets' methods to overcome the negative emotions brought by envy and jealousy. In addition to using literary analysis, this paper also uses the psychological knowledge about envy and jealousy to study the poems containing these emotions for more objective and scientific research.

The Labyrinth of Kristeva’s Modernisms: A Review of Maria Margaroni, ed. Understanding Kristeva, Understanding Modernism, New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2023

This is a review article of Maria Margaroni’s edited collection Understanding Kristeva, Understanding Modernism which engages critically with the contributors’ main ideas and connects this book with other contemporary scholarship in the field and discusses the ‘Understanding Philosophy, Understanding Modernism’ Series of Bloomsbury Academic.

A Dialogue in the Realm of Afterthought: Review of Judy Gammelgaard, Psychoanalysis After Freud: Memory, Mourning and Repetition. Translated by Maria Yassa. London and New York: Routledge, 2022

This is a review article of Judy Gammelgaard’s Psychoanalysis After Freud: Memory, Mourning and Repetition which engages critically with the author’s main ideas and connects this book with other contemporary scholarship in the field.

De la suprarealism la „onirismul structural”

This approach tries to emphasize the similarities and differences between the poetics of Surrealism and the so-called “structural oneirism”, produced in the late sixties by a new Romanian avant-garde group. The two leaders of this group, the poet Leonid Dimov and the novelist Dumitru Țepeneag, published a series of literary manifestos in some literary magazines of the time, in which they tried to build a coherent and original aesthetic program. The main ideas were the rational structure of the new literature and its dream-like atmosphere produced by a deliberate technique, characteristics that placed it in the category defined by Angelo Guglielmi in the late fifties as “experimentalism”. However, the dark dreamy atmosphere, the “convulsive beauty”, the programmatic incoherence of the narration in order to create the dream-like effect, the incompatibility of the associations, etc. are features that still link this new literature to older Surrealism.

TEACHING ENGLISH READING MATERIALS THROUGH TEAM-BASED-PROJECT IN SMPN 4 BISSAPPU

This study aims to improve students' reading ability related to understanding main ideas and supporting ideas. This research is quantitative research. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII.. In analyzing the data, researchers used data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. This research is a pre-experimental design research using pre-test and post-test. The population in this study were students of class VIII SMP Negeri 4 Bissappu and for sampling the researchers used random sampling. The research sample was 25 students.The results of the data show that there is a difference between the students' pre-test and post-test. The main score of the students before being given treatment was 52.5 and increased to 80.36 after applying the Team-Based-Project. In addition, from the t-test analysis, the t-test value is greater than the t-table, the students' total vocabulary mastery (8.34>1.714).

Pengembangan E-Book Fabel Nusantara Untuk Meningkatkan Kecepatan Membaca Pada Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar

Learning to read is part of Indonesian language subjects, one of which is encouraging students to read quickly and find main ideas. This research aims to explore the use of Indonesian fable electronic books in learning to read. A research and development (R&D) approach was used in this research to assess product feasibility. This approach aims to do two things: (1) evaluate the product's efficacy in achieving goals; and (2) improve the product based on user and rater feedback. Methods and development start with material analysis, ideas, product improvements, conducting and revising product tests to validate the final product. This research was attended by twenty-five fifth grade students from one of the state elementary schools in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province. Research findings show that the Fable Nusantar e-book is suitable for use as a teaching tool to improve the reading skills Learning to read is part of Indonesian language subjects, one of which is encouraging students to read quickly and find main ideas. This research aims to explore the use of Indonesian fable electronic books in learning to read. A research and development (R&D) approach was used in this research to assess product feasibility. This approach aims to do two things: (1) evaluate the product's efficacy in achieving goals; and (2) improve the product based on user and rater feedback. Methods and development start with material analysis, ideas, product improvements, conducting and revising product tests to validate the final product. This research was attended by twenty-five fifth grade students from one of the state elementary schools in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province. Research findings show that the Fable Nusantar e-book is suitable for use as a teaching tool to improve the reading skills of fifth grade students as evidenced by the increase in reading speed on the learning outcomes obtained by students. of fifth grade students as evidenced by the increase in reading speed on the learning outcomes obtained by students.

Формирование профессионально-эстетической готовности и медиаграмотности студентов педвузов

Процессы, происходящие в культуре последнего десятилетия, целенаправленно меняют традиционные представления о роли эстетического воспитания в формировании личности учителя. Поэтому на данный момент возникают вопросы разработки и реализации целостной программы по формированию профессиональной и эстетической готовности (ПЭГ) будущего учителя. Также ситуация с коронавирусом показала, что профессионально-эстетическая готовность должна подкрепляется медиаграмотностью будущих учителей изобразительного искусства. В статье представлены результаты формирования профессионально-эстетической готовности будущих учителей изобразительного искусства, изучены направления по формированию профессионально-эстетической готовности. В формировании ПЭГ также применяются информационные технологии как основа последующей грамотности в использовании интернет-ресурсов в педагогической деятельности. Данная работа будет полезна педагогам педагогического вуза в виде инструмента проверки профессионально-эстетической готовности студентов. Авторами определен уровень сформированности профессионально-эстетической подготовки исследования: «Определение формирования ценностных ориентаций»; использованы тесты «Узнавать эмоции», «Категории анализа художественного содержания произведений изобразительного искусства» и «Мотивация профессиональной деятельности». Результаты работы демонстрируют низкий общий уровень познания эстетических знаний, методических умений использовать эстетический багаж в учебном процессе, стремление к творческой самореализации в художественно-педагогической сфере. Студенты показали средний и низкий уровни сформированности эмоционально-ценностного, познавательного, рефлексивно-конструктивного компонентов профессионально-эстетической готовности будущих учителей изобразительного искусства. Авторами статьи предложены параметрические характеристики и набор диагностических инструментов для оценки подготовки будущих учителей изобразительного искусства. Выделенные компоненты позволяют диагностировать степень сформированности каждого компонента профессионально-эстетической готовности педагогов образовательного направления «Искусство».

John Paul II and respect for local cultures

The cultural issue has undoubtedly been one of the main ideas of John Paul II's pontificate. This paper reviews the main definitions of culture that the Polish Pope left us, relating them to the identity of peoples. In this same sense, a brief analysis of the phenomenon of globalization is made as it was developed by John Paul II, and it ends with a brief reference to the impact of this phenomenon on local cultures.

Struggling with the Reality of the Person and Its Interpretation

This article is about the method of philosophizing employed by Karol Wojtyła. He worked out his main ideas concerning the human person within a Thomistic framework, but at the same time made extensive use of the method typical of phenomenology. The article sets out to demonstrate that these two approaches do not exclude each other, but can instead be considered complementary. Phenomenology, in the version employed by Wojtyła, aims to do justice to the experience of the person, and its analysis helps us understand the richness of the latter. At the same time, all of the phenomena that pertain to the person demand further explanation, and this can be supplied by Thomistic metaphysics. The method devised by Wojtyła can be expressed in the formula “from phenomenon to foundation.”

СИМВОЛИКА ЧИСЕЛ «ОДИН», «ДВА» В ЭПОСЕ АДЫГОВ

The article analyzes the nature of reflecting the symbolism of the number one and two in the poetics of historical and heroic epic. It is proved that they contain deep mythological roots, are the carrier of folk consciousness and mentality of ethnos, and have a clear reflection in the Adyghe folklore. To reveal the artistic forms of manifestation of these numbers on the material of historical and heroic songs and legends was the purpose of our work. To achieve the goal the following tasks were set: to analyze the texts of historical-heroic epic; to study the symbolism of the number “one” and “two” in its aesthetic plan; to trace the specificity of representation of the sacral basis of these numbers. The ideas of the Pythagorean philosophical doctrine of numbers were taken into account in the work. We support the theory of division of even and odd numbers, and attributing the former to the female sex, i. e. negative, and the latter to the male sex, i. e. positive. The study of the nature of artistic reflection of number symbolism in historical and heroic epic is important for the comprehensive study of folklore. This is the relevance of the chosen topic. The work is carried out using the structural-comparative method. The theoretical basis of the study was the works of domestic authors devoted to the study of the symbolism of numbers of the Adyghe cultural tradition. The main ideas of Z. Zh. Kudaeva and M. R. Hezheva are outlined and applied. The practical significance of the work consists in the fact that its results can be useful for specialists in the field of folkloristics, as well as for the circle of readers interested in folk traditional culture. The result of the work done is that number symbols turn out to be one of the ways of expressing moral ethnic consciousness. In the epic they are understood as means of artistic expression.

Психоаналитическая юриспруденция А.А. Эренцвейга с позиции либертарно-юридической теории права В.С. Нерсесянца

The article discusses the main ideas of the concept of psychoanalytic jurisprudence proposed by the American lawyer A.A. Ehrenzweig in the second half of the XX century. The main objective of the article is to evaluate from the standpoint of the libertarian-legal theory of V.S. Nersesyants the ideas and provisions of this concept related to the justification of the need to expand the subject of legal studies by including in it the influence that the unconscious beginnings of the human psyche have on the formation of his sense of justice. The author shows the fruitfulness of A.A. Ehrenzweig’s attempt, using some methodological techniques developed within the framework of psychoanalysis (in particular, the idea that the human psyche repeats the main stages of hu-man culture development in the process of its formation), to try to understand the origins of the formation of a sense of human justice, referring to the era of primitive society and mythological culture. The article suggests that the approach proposed by psychoanalytic jurisprudence to the study of the sense of justice arising at the level of the unconscious principles of the human psyche, not only does not contradict modern philosophical and legal knowledge focused on the study of man as a reasonable subject of law, but is also able to comple-ment it.

IDEOLOGI DAN DOKTRIN MUHAMMADIYAH

Ideology is a set of systemic concepts from the way of thinking of a person or group of people as understanding, theories and ways to achieve goals. Muhammadiyah as a social organization also has an ideology as an organizational identity. The purpose of this article is to explain Muhammadiyah ideology and doctrine and found results namely: 1) Muqaddimah of the Articles of Association, namely the Muqaddimah Concept of the Articles of Association of Muhammadiyah (MADM) and the essence of MADM, the Muqaddimah of the articles of association of Muhammadiyah has 7 main ideas, the framework of the nature of the Muhammadiyah struggle and the definition of the muqaddimah of the ideology of Muhammadiyah. 2) Matan, Beliefs and Life Aspirations of Muhammadiyah, contains the concept and explanation of Matan, Beliefs and Life Aspirations of Muhammadiyah. 3) Muhammadiyah's personality contains 10 points.

INOVASI PENGELOLAAN BANTUAN KEUANGAN : REFORMASI DAN REFORMULASI PENGALOKASIAN BANTUAN KEUANGAN BERSIFAT KHUSUS DARI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN KEPADA PEMERINTAH DESA (STUDI KASUS PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN PATI)

The allocation of special financial assistance from the Pati Regency Government to the Village Government from 2017 to 2019 has always increased, in 2020 it has decreased due to refocusing related to handling the Covid-19 pandemic, in 2021 and 2022 it has increased again. The policy of allocating the financial aid budget is specific in nature to facilitate the aspirations of the main ideas of council members and regional heads for promises to their constituents. The purpose of this study is to analyze the policy on allocating special financial assistance from the Pati District Government to the Village Government. The design of this study is a qualitative research to gain insight into what is known and to obtain more complex details regarding phenomena in the management of financial aid. The results of the study concluded that this financial assistance should be used to stimulate funding for affairs in the Village which are a priority for the Regional Government in order to encourage the achievement of minimum service standards (SPM), and it is necessary to optimize the use of information technology in (1) formulating the allocation of special financial assistance, (2) determining the location of activities, in particular determining the variable recipients of financial assistance by (a) improving the SPM Indicators and improving the SPM data, (b) determining activities in the Village that will be funded by special financial assistance (c) determining the unit cost of activities in the Village that will be funded by special financial assistance, (d) determination of regions that have not yet achieved SPM, (d) determination of priority locations and (e) determination of output targets from proposed activities for next year and forward estimates for the next three years. Keywords: Innovation, Budget Constraints, Performance based budgeting

Scientific and Pedagogical Community of Russia Universities as an Object of Resource Mobilisation

The article is devoted to a theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of mobilisational management of the resources of the scientific and pedagogical community (SPC) of Russian universities. The focus was placed on the concepts of NPS resource capacity and its mobilisation as one of the models of university management. The purpose of the article is to reveal the potential of theories of resource mobilisation, social community, resource concepts in the conceptualisation of the notion of mobilisation of NPS resource сapacity. The authors consider the main ideas and theses of theories developed in branches of sociological knowledge other than the sociology of higher education, and adapt them to the context of university management of the NPS. The authors´ interpretation of the concept of NPS as a social community and socio-professional community has been updated in the light of resource concepts. The content of the concept of NPS resource capacity is discussed as a set of opportunities into which a given university community converts the means and methods of its professional activities, as well as the associated properties inherent in scientific and pedagogical workers as a socio-professional community. One of the main results of the article is related to the substantiation of the approach to the classification of NPS resources.
 It is proposed to identify and take into account in university management practices the following five blocks of resources - socio-demographic (quantitative, age, gender resources); scientific research (research, publication, temporal resources); pedagogical (educational and pedagogical resources, advanced scientific and pedagogical qualifications, mentoring); resources for interaction between scientific and pedagogical workers (RPWs) and scientific teams (communication, resource of scientific schools and teams); moral-symbolic (symbolic and moral-ideological resources). Mobilisational university management is considered as a strategy for managing research and development staff, which involves concentrating the resources and efforts of academic staff on strategic directions and tasks of university development. As prerequisites for such a management approach, it is substantiated to take into account and update the processes of self-organisation of the NPS as a complex and highly professional community, to restore understanding, trust, and solidarity between it and the administrative and managerial corps of universities. The question is raised about the actors in the mobilisation of NPS resources, who must have a deep knowledge of the sources, features and patterns of functioning of the resources of the academic community. In conclusion, the article discusses the issue of demand in university management for a scientifically based approach to mobilisation management of NPS resources and the readiness of the administrative and managerial apparatus to use it.

A Review “The Research Status of Switched Reluctance Generator"

Switched Reluctance Generators (SRGs) have become quite popular lately because they offer some big advantages compared to regular generator technologies. This comprehensive review paper is dedicated to illuminating the latest developments in the realm of SRGs, offering a deep dive into their operational intricacies, diverse types, design principles, control strategies, versatile applications, and the formidable challenges that lay ahead. The paper begins by explaining in simple terms how Switched Reluctance Generators (SRGs) work and uncovering the main ideas that make them special and different from other generators. It then proceeds to categorize SRGs into various types, providing an insight into the diverse design features that distinguish them. This foundational understanding sets the stage for a more profound exploration of SRGs. The review focuses significantly on studying the complex control methods that manage SRGs, exploring the advanced techniques used to make them work better and more efficiently. As SRGs continue to evolve, their applicability spans a broad spectrum, ranging from clean energy generation to enhancing transportation systems and powering industrial machinery. This review carefully explains how SRGs can help change many different industries for the better. It shows how they have a lot of potential to make big improvements. Nevertheless, SRGs do not come without their share of challenges, encompassing issues related to efficiency, reliability, and the complexities inherent in control strategies. This review serves as an informative exploration of SRGs, highlighting their potential across various industries. It acknowledges their development and urges them to keep exploring their promising abilities. As switched reluctance generators become more popular, this discussion provides a detailed guide for those interested in understanding how they work and navigating their complex features.

The Concept of Social Philosophy by S.L. Frank. Experience of Comparative Analysis: G. Simmel, E. Husserl, M. Scheler

The article is a continuation of the study of the evolution of social thought by S.L. Frank, the results of which began to be published in the previous issue. This article deals with the concept of social philosophy of S.L. Frank, set forth in his work “The Spiritual Foundations of Society”. The main ideas of his concept are compared to the views of G. Simmel, E. Husserl, M. Scheler. The author comes to the conclusion that Frank’s socio-philosophical doctrine is based on the idea of a “god-like” (“theomorphic”) person, who gradually overcomes his empirical, innate-animal nature in society and history and comes into his own as a person in pursuit of God — the highest foundation of the universe. The social and spiritual being merge, according to Frank, into one ontological unity, which is founded in the being of man — in the history of his society as a “phenomenology of the spirit” and “the dramatic fate of God in the heart of man”, as well as in his “living knowledge” about himself as a “medium”, “conduit” of higher principles and values. The concept of Frank’s social philosophy was formed, according to the author, under the influence of G. Simmel’s “philosophical sociology”, E. Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology, and his philosophical anthropology is in many ways close to Scheler’s early philosophical ideas.

FORMATION IN SENIOR SCHOOL STUDENTS OF THE IDEA ABOUT PHYSICAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING PHYSICS

The article highlights the ways of forming the ideas of senior school students about the physical picture of the world, in particular, an in-depth study of the history of formation of physical pictures of the world, biographies and scientific heritage of physicists, creators of these pictures of the world; selection of elements available for students to study modern physical picture of the world and their introduction to the content of physics education; acquaintance with the methods of scientific knowledge in the process of learning physics, coverage of epistemological aspects of physics. Formation of students' ideas about the physical picture of the world should be based on the basic concepts formed in the process of learning physics, and targeted help provided by a teacher to students during this formation. For the teacher, one of the most important tasks of the physics course is the task of forming students' understanding of the unity of nature, forming the idea that the object of the physical picture of the world is the material world. The important role is given to the motivational aspect of forming an idea about a physical picture of the world: students must have a need for acquisition of knowledge, obtaining quality education, understanding the usefulness of physical knowledge regardless of choosing a future profession, the ability to distinguish between facts and assessments, compare assessment conclusions, formulate and justify own position. It is shown that systematic and purposeful activity of a teacher on the formation of senior school students' ideas about the physical picture of the world is most effectively carried out in general lessons, in which the teacher in the joint educational activity with the students allocates the main physical theories and ideas, laws and regularities, establishes cause and effect connections between phenomena.

Autistic discussion forums: insights into the topics that clinicians don't know about.

User-led autism discussion forums provide a wealth of information about autistic lived experiences, albeit oriented toward those who regularly use computers. We contend that healthcare professionals should read autism discussion forums to gain insight, be informed, and in some cases, to correct assumptions about autistic persons' lives and possibilities. But experts may be dismissive of user-led forums, believing forums to be filled with myths, misinformation, and combative postings. The questions motivating our research were: Do online forums raise issues that are educational for clinicians and other stakeholders? Are forums useful for those who do empirical research? Content analysis was conducted on 300 posts (62,000 words) from Reddit, Quora, and Wrong Planet. Forums were sampled to reflect broad topics; posts were selected sequentially from the identified forums. The authors read through posts in the Excel sheet, highlighting statements that were the main ideas of the post, to discern both broad categories of topics and more specific topics. We coded content pertinent to classic autism myths and analyzed attitudes towards myths such as 'lack emotion' and 'cannot form relationships.' To document whether forum posts discuss topics that are not widely known outside of elite experts, we compared discussion content to new material about autism contained in the March 2022 DSM 5 Text revision. Classic autism myths were discussed with examples of when elements of myths may be valid. Posters described cases where parents or therapists believed myths. Experts may believe autism myths due to rapid changes in diagnostic practices and due to their lack of knowledge regarding the characteristics of autistic people who have typical intellectual abilities. We conclude that forums contain high-value information for clinicians because all concepts in the DSM 5 text revision were discussed by posters in the years before the text revision appeared. Ideas that are only slowly becoming part of the research literature are discussed at length in forums. Reading and analyzing forums is useful for both clinicians and scientists. In addition, the relative ease of forum analysis lowers the bar for entry into the research process.