Main Feeding Research Articles

Parent artery occlusion for flow-related aneurysms at the proximal segment of the main feeding arteries of cerebellar arteriovenous malformations

Background Flow-related aneurysms (FRAs) associated with cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complicated, and their management is difficult. We performed a retrospective study to explore the efficacy and outcome of parent artery occlusion (PAO) for FRAs at the proximal segment of the main feeding arteries of cerebellar AVMs. Materials and methods A retrospective study was performed for patients admitted for a cerebellar AVM between January 2015 and December 2019. Patients were included if (a) they presented with a ruptured or symptomatic FRA at the proximal segment of the main feeding arteries of the cerebellar AVM, (b) the cerebellar AVM did not bleed before admission, (c) the FRA was secured via PAO of the parent feeding artery, and (d) the cerebellar AVM was not intentionally managed or embolized through other feeding arteries during hospitalization. Results Eight patients aged between 27 and 72 (48.6 ± 14.3) years were identified. Eight ruptured and symptomatic FRAs at the proximal segment of the main feeding arteries of the cerebellar AVMs underwent PAO with coils or Onyx while preserving the arteries distal to the aneurysms. All the patients achieved a favorable recovery after treatment in a follow-up ranged from 8 to 48 months. One patient experienced FRA recurrence and underwent a second PAO. Conclusions PAO for FRAs at the proximal segment of the main feeding arteries of cerebellar AVMs is a feasible option. This method is effective in preventing re-rupture of the FRAs and relieving the symptoms in the short term, allowing sufficient time for the patients to receive subsequent treatment.

Evaluation of the influence of heavy metals on the degree of damage Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič, 1986 leaf surface of Aesculus hippocastanum Linnaeus, 1753

The work presents the results of research on effect of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) on degree of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum Linnaeus, 1753) leaf surface damage by chestnut miner (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič, 1986) caterpillars. Analysis of leaf blade damage of the forage plant species by C. ohridella was conducted for four years (2017–2021). The research covered all the main park urban ecosystems in Dnipro city where horse chestnut trees were planted. Monitoring was carried out during the three summer months, which corresponds to the main feeding period of the three most active C. ohridella generations (I, II, and III). About 96 samples were used and prepared for atomic absorption analysis to study the content of heavy metals in A. hippocastanum leaf blades. On the territory of the park ecosystems in Dnipro city, eight groups of model horse chestnut trees of 20–30 years of age were identified which have similar morphological and taxonomic features but different degrees of leaf damage by C. ohridella miner. Since the plantations of horse chestnut are mainly located in an urban environment, we conducted research to test the hypothesis about the influence of heavy metals on C. ohridella vital activity. Presumably, the content of heavy metals also affects the degree of leaf blade damage. In this regard, we conducted research on the content of heavy metals in A. hippocastanum leaf tissues. It was found that accumulation in the horse chestnut leaf tissues of four basic heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) contained in all urban environments depends on the orographic features of the area where A. hippocastanum trees grow. It also was found that the higher in relief were located the horse chestnut plantings, the greater the percentage of their invasion by the miner, and this trend was observed during the three summer months. For example, in the Manuylivsky Park where horse chestnut trees are located at 56 m above sea level, the average leaf invasion by the miner in August is 14%; in the same month in Oles Honchar Dnipro National University Botanical Garden (149 m), the level of invasion was 78%. Research on the effects of heavy metals on C. ohridella populations also showed significant differences by the types of urban ecosystems. It was found that the higher content of heavy metals in the leaf tissues in a forage plant, the greater percentage of their surface damage by mines.

Relationships between characteristics of macrobenthic assemblages and environmental variables in the Heihe River Basin, China

Abstract To clarify the characteristics of macrobenthic assemblages and their response to the aquatic environment in the upper and middle reaches of the Heihe River, water quality, sediments and macrobenthos measurements were conducted in the summers of 2018 and 2019. The results showed that 50 species of macrobenthos were identified, belonging to 3 phyla, 7 classes, 15 orders and 32 families, mainly arthropods (37 species) and mollusks (11 species). Argyroneta aquatica, Chlaznius sp., dragonfly nymphs, Palaemon modestus, Radix auricularia, Cyraulus albus and Suecinea sp. were the dominant species in the whole study region; most of these are pollution-tolerant and moderately pollution-tolerant species. The macrobenthos density and biomass ranged from 10 to 577 ind./m2 and from 0.0907 to 50.0562 g/m2, respectively, showing high spatial heterogeneity. Predators were the main functional feeding group. One-way analysis of variance clarified that Margalef's index and the Shannon–Wiener index differed significantly among the spatial areas (P < 0.05). Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the spatial heterogeneity of the macrobenthos was affected by the water temperature and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus in sediments (P < 0.05).

Comparison of model fit and discriminatory ability of the 8th edition of the tumor-node-metastasis classification and the 9th edition of the Japanese classification to identify stage III colorectal cancer.

The most widely accepted staging system for colorectal cancer (CRC) is the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification. In Japan, the Japanese Classification of Colorectal, Appendiceal, and Anal Carcinoma (JCCRC) system is used. The two systems differ mainly in relation to tumor deposits (TD) and metastasis in the regional lymph nodes along the main feeding arteries and lateral pelvic lymph nodes (N3). Here, we investigated the prognostic ability of the two systems for stage III CRC. We reviewed 696 consecutive patients who underwent curative resection of stage III CRC at the National Cancer Center Hospital between May 2007 and April 2014. We examined the clinicopathological features of CRC and predicted overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) according to the 8th TNM and 9th JCCRC systems. The systems were compared using Akaike's information criterion (AIC), Harrell's concordance index (C-index), and time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The 9th JCCRC system was more clinically effective according to AIC (OS, 1199 vs. 1206; RFS, 2047 vs. 2057), showed better discriminatory ability according to the C-index (OS, 0.65 vs. 0.62; RFS, 0.62 vs. 0.58), and its time-dependent ROC curve was superior compared with the 8th TNM system. These results suggest that the 9th JCCRC system has superior discriminative ability to the 8th TNM system, because the 9th JCCRC accounts for the presence of TD and N3 disease, which were both significant predictors of poor prognosis. Reconsidering the clinical value of these two factors in the TNM system could improve its clinical significance.

The blood parameters of steers of Kazakh White-headed breed against the background of the use of feed additive

Currently it has become popular to use different feed additives that allow us to increase the indicators of live weight gain by accelerating the metabolic processes in the body of animals, which allows us to take everything from the feed and to the maximum. With the advent of this trend in the market the range of feed additives in different directions has increased. For the research we have selected Vermiculite Expanded as a feed additive. The purpose of the research was to search the dynamics of changes in blood parameters in experimental steers in comparison with the control group against the background of the use of the feed additive Vermiculite Expanded. An assessment of blood parameters of Kazakh White-headed steers against the background of the use of mineral feed additive has been presented in the article. Three groups of steers have been formed for the research: the 1st group has been as a control and received the main economic ration; the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups received the feed additive to the main feeding ration in doses of 10 and 15 g/head for the groups, respectively. On the laboratory base blood tests we were able to search the correlation between morphological and biochemical parameters of blood and the growth rate of experimental steers. The steers of the 2nd and 3rd groups during the experiment had an advantage in blood serum indicators in terms of both total lipids and glucose, in the end, the difference in percentage ratio with the control group was 14,08 % in the 2nd group and 12,60 % in the 3rd experimental group. It is worth noting that the concentration of phosphorus and calcium in the blood was at the high level, which in our opinion reflects the influence of the feed additive Vermiculite Expanded.

A Damp-and-Push Technique for the Copolymer (Onyx) Embolization of Dural Arteriovenous Fistula

BackgroundCopolymer (Onyx) embolization is an effective treatment for dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF), however, some dAVFs have multiple, high-flow feeding vessels, resulting in insufficient embolization. For the treatment of such patients, we have developed a novel flow-control technique, the ‘damp-and-push technique’. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the technical efficiency and safety of this technique. MethodsSeven patients who had been diagnosed with intracranial dAVF were treated by transarterial Onyx embolization using the damp-and-push technique between 2016 and 2019. This technique was designed to reduce blood flow to the shunt site using a balloon catheter in the major feeding vessel other than the one injected with Onyx, leading to better Onyx penetration and enabling more controlled embolization of complex dAVFs. Retrospectively collected data were reviewed to assess the occlusion rates and clinical outcomes. ResultsThe dAVF was at a transverse sinus-sigmoid sinus junction in four patients, in the superior sagittal sinus in two, and in the tentorium in one. Five cases were Cognard type Ⅱb and two cases were Cognard type Ⅳ. All the patients were treated by transarterial Onyx injection via the main feeding vessel, combined with flow reduction in the other main feeding vessel using a balloon catheter. Complete occlusion was achieved in six patients and elimination of cerebral venous reflux was achieved in all the patients. There were no immediate or delayed post-interventional complications. ConclusionsTransarterial Onyx embolization of dAVF using the damp-and-push technique is safe and yields a high complete occlusion rate.

The use of silos from legume-cereal grass mixtures and energy feed additives in the feeding rations of new-bodied first-calf cows

The paper presents a technology for obtaining dried silos prepared from herbs of legume-cereal mixtures, which ensures maximum preservation of nutrients and high quality of feed. The chemical composition and nutritional content of feed, the norms for the introduction of tested silos into the main feeding diet, and the dose for the introduction of an energy feed additive were determined. Based on the balance sheet experience, the digestibility of the main nutrients was calculated, the hematological and biochemical status of blood was revealed, the productivity and quality of first-calf milk was estimated, and feed costs for the production of 1 kg of milk were established.

The effect of feeding Biotin and zeolite on the performance of rumen metabolism in steers during the growing period

This article presents the results of a physiological experiment on 3 bulls-analogs with rumen fistulae to study the metabolic processes in the main part of the stomach when introducing a microbiological protein Supplement of biotrine and zeolite of natural origin into the main feeding diet. The balance of nitrogen and the main macro-and microelements was studied, and the hematological parameters of the blood of bulls during the growing period were studied. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to use biotrin in the feeding diets of raised young cattle both separately and in different ratios with zeolite, which creates favorable conditions for fermentation and assimilation of feed nutrients.

Diversity and nutritional values of leaves of trees and shrubs used as supplements for goats in the sub-humid areas of Benin (West Africa)

In order to identify the most promising browse species for sustaining goat production, the nutritional characteristics of leaves of trees and shrubs and their use in farmers' feeding strategies were assessed in sub-humid areas of Benin. Two hundred and forty (240) goat farmers were surveyed and their uses of different leaves of trees and shrubs for supplementing their goats documented in two vegetation zones, namely the Sudano-Guinean and Guineo-Congolese zones. Then, samples of 32 leaves were collected at the end of rainy season in October-November, just before the long dry season and analyzed for their chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and tannin content. Principal component and cluster analyses were performed to identify homogenous groups of leaves on the basis of their nutritional characteristics. Free grazing on natural perennial grasses with supplementation with leaves of trees and shrubs was the main goat feeding practice during the dry season in both zones. Agro-processing by-products were used as feed supplements mainly in the Guineo-Congolese zone. Most of the leaves of trees and shrubs elicited by the surveyed goat farmers had a crude protein content higher than 15%, sufficient for their use as feed supplements. However, this potential could be limited by their high tannin content. One non-native (Gliricidia sepium) and five native shrub species (Ficus thonningii, Antiaris africana, Phyllanthus discoideus, Morinda lucida, Mallotus oppositifolius) were identified as the most promising for supplementing goats during dry season in both zones. Our study was useful in identifying some underutilized and neglected leaves of trees and shrubs that could be recommended to smallholder goat farmers in agroforestry systems for enhancing animal productivities in small-scale farms.

Stable isotopes as measure of niche breadth of nesting green turtles (Chelonia mydas) on Rocas Atoll, Brazil

The study analysed the niche breadth of nesting green turtles, Chelonia mydas, on Rocas Atoll, Brazil, through stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C), comparing samplings of egg yolk and carapace collected from two nesting groups (2017 and 2019). The mean δ15N values in egg yolk and carapace were 7.1‰ (2017) and 6.8‰ (2019), and 7.8‰ (2017) and 7.3‰ (2019), respectively. For δ13C, the mean values were -17.4‰ (2017) and -17.5‰ (2019) in egg yolk, and -18.4‰ (2017) and -17.9‰ (2019) in carapace. The results suggest herbivory in coastal-benthic environments as the main feeding pattern in this nesting population. The niche breadth was similar between 2017 and 2019 in both tissues. In general, the trophic diversity (NR, CR, CD and SEA) was comparable between years as well as the trophic redundancy (MNND and SDNND), which was overall high. The niche metrics pointed to a homogeneous feeding pattern in the two nesting groups (2017 and 2019). This study adds a piece to solve the puzzle of adult green turtle trophic ecology.

Spatial variation in macrobenthic assemblages and their relationship with environmental factors in the upstream and midstream regions of the Heihe River Basin, China

The Heihe River is a typical inland river under increasing anthropogenic pressure. To explore the characteristics of the macrobenthic assemblages and their relationships with environmental factors in the upstream and midstream regions of this basin, abiotic conditions and macrobenthic assemblages were investigated in the summers of 2018 and 2019. A total of 50 species were collected, and Arthropoda and mollusks were the dominant groups. A significant increase in standing stock was observed from the upstream to midstream, and predators (PR) were the main functional feeding group. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef’s index values significantly differed at the spatial scale (P < 0.05). A redundancy analysis (RDA) and Pearson correlation analysis showed that the spatial heterogeneity of the macrobenthos was influenced by the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), water temperature (WT), total nitrogen (TN), salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), and potassium permanganate index (CODMn) (P < 0.05). The spatial variation of macrobenthos was mainly governed by natural conditions and human disturbances.

Andean orogenic signature in the Quaternary sandy barriers of Southernmost Brazilian Passive Margin – Paradigm as a source area

Multiple source provenance of sediments and submarine fan formation are herein investigated based on Quaternary sandy barriers of the Brazilian Southernmost Coastal Plain. LA-ICP-MS dating on 1625 detrital zircons from marine and aeolian facies sands of four successive lagoon-barrier systems are analyzed. The characterization of Archean to Pleistocene zircons into a younger Andean (22 ± 4 Ma to 1 ± 1 Ma, 48 from 1625), Mesozoic to Paleozoic, and Mesoproterozoic (479 from 1622) populations suggest that the main feeding of sediments to the coastal plain occurred through the La Plata River drainage system. The significant contribution of sediments is transported from the mouth of La Plata River northward by longshore circulation (littoral drift). Minor contributions are also recognized as. a farther source associated with the Patagonia drainage and nearby source related to the Uruguay/Rio Grande do Sul Shield and the Paraná Basin, drained by the Camaquã and Jacuí rivers. The latter one is recognized by the contribution from Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic, and some Paleoproterozoic and Archean zircon grains. The definition of the sources of clastic sediments allows inferences about the origination of Rio Grande Fan where both the cold Falkland and the warm Brazil currents played a major role.

МОРФОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ БАССЕЙНОВ РЕК СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО СКЛОНА КРЫМСКИХ ГОР (НА ПРИМЕРЕ БАССЕЙНОВ РЕК ЗАПАДНЫЙ БУЛГАНАК, АЛЬМА, КАЧА, БЕЛЬБЕК, ЧЕРНАЯ)

Zapadnyy Bulganak, Alma, Kacha, Belbek, Chernaya rivers belong to the rivers of the north-western slope of the Crimean Mountains. The sources of the rivers are located on the north-western slopes of the Main Ridge of the Crimean Mountains, then the rivers flow from east to west almost parallel to each other. Up to about the middle of their course, they have a character typical of mountain streams (except for the Zapadnyy Bulganak River). The river valleys in the upper reaches are V-shaped, narrow, their slopes are dissected by numerous gullies and tributaries. There are almost no tributaries in the middle and lower reaches. In the low-water period (low-water period), drying is observed in the estuaries of rivers. The catchment basins have an elongated shape along the river, expanded in the upper part, which is the main feeding area.The considered river basins, although they have, in comparison with the rest, the river basins of the Crimean Peninsula, are better studied in general, but they are not sufficiently studied. In the article author deals with the main morphometric characteristics of river basins of the North-Western slope of the Crimean Mountains. Using Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and ArcGIS software for river basins Zapadnyy Bulganak, Alma, Kacha, Belbek, Chernaya are analyzed the following morphometric parameters – area of the basin, the symmetry of the basin, length of the basin, width of the basin, configuration and irregularity of the outline of river basin, the highest and lowest elevation within the basin, the average altitude of the river basin, the average slope of the river basin. Some of the morphometric indicators are calculated for the first time. For morphometric indicators that were partially previously calculated using topographic maps and published in literature, a comparison and analysis with the calculated data is provided. It is established that the using of SRTM and the ArcGIS software allows for fairly accurate measurements of morphometric indicators of the river basin.

云南省把边江流域不同土地利用方式对大型底栖动物群落的影响

研究土地利用对大型底栖动物群落的影响，对流域土地利用规划修编和河流生态修复等有重要意义。以红河上游的把边江流域为研究区，调查大型底栖动物群落现状，计算37个样点上游集水区土地利用组分、配置、多样性和水文距离4个方面20个土地利用指标，分析不同土地利用方式对大型底栖动物群落的影响。本次调查共鉴定出25个大型底栖动物分类单元，其中水生昆虫最多，占分类单元总数的72%；摄食功能群以捕食者（PR）、刮食者（SC）和直接收集者（GC）为主。把边江流域城镇用地和林地对大型底栖动物群落的影响占主导地位，而耕地对大型底栖动物群落的影响较小。影响把边江流域大型底栖动物群落的关键土地利用指标为城镇用地面积比（3PLA）、城镇用地最大斑块指数（3LPI）、城镇用地聚合指数（3AI）、城镇用地水流长度（3FLOW）、林地最大斑块指数（1LPI）和林地形状指数（1LSI）。土地利用组分、配置和水文距离是影响把边江流域大型底栖动物群落的主要方面，而土地利用多样性对大型底栖动物群落的影响较小。大型底栖动物物种密度和物种多样性与3PLA、3LPI、3AI、3FLOW和1LSI呈负相关，与1LPI呈正相关。1LPI与浮游目（如小蜉科、扁蜉科）为代表的清洁物种呈现较明显的正相关关系。城镇用地指标与SC和SH（撕食者）密度具有显著的负相关关系，与GC密度有较弱的正相关关系，而与其他功能群没有明显的相关关系。SC和SH对水质和环境条件敏感，而GC对人类干扰耐受性较强。1LPI与SC和FC（滤食收集者密度）正相关，而与PR和GC密度负相关。SC和FC对生境的完整性要求较高，而GC和PR对人为干扰和较为破碎的生境更为适应。一方面，随着城镇用地的规模、边界复杂性和聚集程度增加，研究区大型底栖动物密度和多样性降低；另一方面，随着林地完整性降低，大型底栖动物物种均匀度降低。土地利用与大型底栖动物物种多样性和功能群多样性的关系不完全一致，1LSI和3FLOW与物种多样性负相关，而与功能群多样性呈正相关关系，土地利用对物种-功能群-群落不同尺度上的影响差异还需要更深入的研究。;It is of great significance to study the impact of land use on macrobenthic communities for watershed land use planning revision and river ecological restoration. Taking the Babian River Basin in the upper reaches of the Red River as research area, the status of macrobenthic communities was investigated. Twenty land use indicators in 4 aspects including composition, allocation, diversity and hydrological distance based on upper catchment area of 37 sampling points were calculated to analyze the impacts of different land use patterns on macrobenthic communities. A total of 25 macrobenthic taxa were identified in this survey, of which aquatic insects accounted for 72% of the total. The main feeding functional groups were predators (PR), scrapers (SC), and gather collectors (GC). The impacts of urban land and woodland on macrobenthic communities were dominant, while the impact of agricultural land was relatively small in the Babian River Basin. The key land use indicators affecting the macrobenthic communities were the percentage of urban land (3PLA), the largest patch index of urban land (3LPI), the aggregation index of urban land (3AI), the flow length of urban land (3FLOW), the largest patch index of woodland (1LPI), and the landscape shape index of woodland (1LSI). Land use composition, allocation and hydrological distance were the main factors affecting macrobenthic communities in the Baibian River Basin, while land use diversity had little effect on macrobenthic community. The species density and diversity of macrobenthos showed negative correlations with 3PLA, 3LPI, 3AI, 3FLOW and 1LSI, while positive correlations with 1LPI. The clean species, such as Ephemeridae and Heptaglidae, increased with increasing of 1LPI. There were significantly negative correlations between the urban indexes and the density of SC and SH (Shredders), but no significant correlations between the urban indexes with other functional groups. SC and SH were sensitive to water quality and environmental conditions, however, GC were more tolerant of human interference. 1LPI was positively correlated with the density of SC and FC (Filter Collectors), but negatively correlated with the density of PR and GC. SC and FC had higher demands on habitat integrity, while GC and PR were more adaptive to human disturbance and fragmented habitat. On the one hand, with the increase of urban land use, the complexity of boundaries, and the degree of aggregation, the density and species diversity of macrobenthos in the study area decreased. On the other hand, as the integrity of woodland decreased, the species evenness of macrobenthos also decreased. The relationship between land use and macrobenthic species diversity and functional group diversity is not completely consistent, such as 1LSI and 3FLOW are negatively correlated with species diversity, but are positively correlated with functional group diversity. More in-depth researches are needed to investigate the impacts of land use on species, functional groups and communities at different scales.

Preparation and properties of metal textured polypropylene composites with low odor and low VOC

Abstract The aim of the present work is to upgrade the functionality and environmental friendliness of polypropylene (PP) by means of a blending technique. The influence of the metal pigment on the odor, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and metal texture of PP, and the effects of the extractant, adsorbent and processing technology on the odor and VOC of PP composites were studied systematically. It was found that metallic pigment significantly increased the VOC, odor, metallic texture and MFR of PP, and reduced the impact strength and elongation at break. The adsorbent and extractant can effectively reduce the VOC and odor of the PP composites. When the adsorbent and extractant contents were 0.5 and 5 wt%, respectively, the maximum reduction in the VOC and odor reached 73.6% and 1 level, respectively. When the extractant and adsorbent were used at the same time, the method of adding extractant and adsorbent from the main and the secondary feeding port respectively was significantly superior to the method of adding the extractant and adsorbent from the main feeding port together in reducing the odor and VOC of PP composites, which displayed a good synergistic effect.

Primer registro de una hembra de tortuga carey, Eretmochelys imbricata, en el Mosaico de Conservación Bahía Málaga, Pacífico colombiano

La tortuga carey del Pacífico oriental es una de las unidades regionales de manejo más amenazadas del mundo. En el Pacífico colombiano ha sido avistada en áreas de alimentación y en estadios juveniles y/o subadultos. Sus zonas y temporada de anidación son desconocidas para el país. El 24 de febrero de 2020, se registra la primera hembra de tortuga carey para el Pacífico colombiano, en el Mosaico de Conservación Bahía Málaga. El largo curvo mínimo del caparazón fue de 90 cm, el largo curvo del caparazón nucalsupracuadal fue de 90,5 cm, el ancho curvo del caparazón fue de 73,6 cm y su peso fue de 69 kg. La presencia de una hembra y ser la principal zona de alimentación y residencia de juveniles y subadultos de la especie en el Pacífico de Colombia hace indispensable continuar con el monitoreo sistemático en agua e identificar y monitorear potenciales sitios de anidación para aportar a la conservación de la tortuga carey del Pacífico oriental.

Unraveling the Importance of Triatomine (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) Feeding Sources in the Chagas Disease Context

Abstract The triatomines are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909), the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. All species are strictly hematophagous, and the hosts used by vector species are important to understand the transmission dynamics of T. cruzi, and eventually, for the development of effective control strategies in endemic countries. In the current review, we gather a comprehensively number of literature reporting triatomine feeding sources, using rigorous targeted search of scientific publications, which includes research papers and reviews to put together the most recent findings of the feeding behavior in triatomines and their applications for vector control of Chagas disease. Our main findings suggest that the main feeding source in triatomines is the human blood (22.75%), T. dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is the most frequent (13.68%) triatomine species in this type of study, and most of the studies on feeding sources (47.5%) are conducted in the domestic and peri-domestic environment.

The Current Status of the Red King Crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) Stock and Fishery off Western Kamchatka

The current status of the red king crab population off western Kamchatka is considered based on data from bottom trawl surveys and fishery statistics since 2013. Some biological parameters of this crab species are provided; its commercial stock is estimated; some features of red king crab fishery and determination of total allowable catch for the past 7 years are analyzed. The red king crab fishing was resumed in 2013 after an 8-year ban imposed due to the population decline. During this period, the stock recovered and reached values greater than those recorded before the ban: the total estimated size of red king crab population in 2017 was almost 244 million ind., which is the highest value for the recent 17 years of research; the estimated number of commercial-sized males, 110 million ind., has not been recorded from the western Kamchatka shelf for at least past 4 decades. Recently, the Severny Zapretny and Khairyuzovsky areas of the shelf zone have yielded their role of main feeding grounds for pre-recruit crabs and juveniles to the Ichinsky area located south. For the 7 years of red king crab fishery, harvest values have been steadily high. In the past 3 years, the major part of the annual catch of live crabs has been exported to China and South Korea. As the analysis of size structure show, the body size of male red king crabs has been increasing each year all over the shelf. This may be explained by the strict sorting of caught crabs aboard vessels transporting live crabs with the release of the largest individuals; another possible explanation is the relatively low recorded number of pre-recruits in the past 2 years. For the 7 years past (including 2019), the fishing mortality rate is estimated within a range of 5–16% of the crab stock actually recorded from the permitted fishery areas, which is a highly cautious approach. In the nearest future, the crab commercial stock is expected to gradually decrease, which, nevertheless, should not fall below the reference target value of biomass. The current status of the red king crab population off western Kamchatka does not raise concern, and the ongoing intense harvesting of this valuable species within the recommended catch size will not have any negative effect on its commercial stock.

Влияние наследственных и паратипических факторов на мясную продуктивность домашних северных оленей

Abstract. Purpose. Study of various factors that determine quantitative and qualitative indicators of meat productivity of reindeer. Methods. The results are based on analytical, statistical, expert methods and the authors own research. Results. The analysis of the breed characteristics of live and slaughtered mass of deer, slaughter yield shows that the increase in production of venison to a certain extent depends on the rational allocation of genetic resources of reindeer. As practice shows, the main method of breeding in reindeer husbandry should be considered outbreeding. The limited use of interbreeding in reindeer husbandry is explained both by the complex and expensive logistics of transporting reindeer between regions, and by the problems of adapting induced animals to local natural and climatic conditions. Of the paratypical factors, natural and climatic ones are the determining ones. During the snow-free period, the main feeding of reindeer is based on intensive consumption of green food: leaves and grass.by the end of the snow period, the live weight of an adult deer may decrease by 20 % from the autumn indicators. Particularly noteworthy is the impact of veterinary and preventive measures on the meat productivity of reindeer. early chemotherapy of gadfly infestations increases meat productivity by 6-7 kg per 1 head. Scientific novelty. Found that the most important genetic factor for the indices of meat productivity is the breed, climatic factors are decisive, starting with fetal development and throughout postnatal development of the deer, the decrease in physiological status of the animal, the defeat of the deer disease has a negative effect on live weight, meat productivity. The results of the research can be used in the technology of reindeer husbandry in order to increase the meat productivity of animals.

Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the medial plantar artery with arteriovenous fistula treated by coil embolization of the main feeding artery and percutaneous thrombin injection

Endovascular treatment for post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm (PsA) has been deemed effective and minimally invasive. However, embolization of all feeding and outflow vessels is difficult if multiple fine arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are present. In the present case, PsA of the medial plantar artery with AVF was diagnosed 1 month after injury by a rusty nail. Treatment using a combination of embolization of only the main feeding artery and percutaneous thrombin injection into PsA was successful. This approach can completely resolve PsA in narrow vessels, such as in the foot, particularly when AVF is present with numerous connected vessels.