Main Development Priorities Research Articles

Tax system of the republic of Kazakhstan: current issues and main development priorities

Tax system of the republic of Kazakhstan: current issues and main development priorities

Экологическая политика стран-участниц ЕАЭС: направления сближения и институты

Introduction. The main development priorities of the Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter referred to as the EAEU, the Union), established in 2015, include the completion of work aimed at eliminating existing restrictions, unification of customs rules, revision of certain norms, including taking into account the existing international environmental agenda and the specifics of each state. The cooperation expansion of Russia with other EAEU states in the exploitation of natural resources makes interstate cooperation in the environmental sphere increasingly relevant. In the context of activation of certain areas of economic development and the transition to the functioning of a single market for goods, works and services, there is a need to improve legal mechanisms for cooperation in the environmental sphere, the need for a coordinated policy at the EAEU level. The merging of national markets for goods, works, services, capital and labor is interconnected with the development and implementation of policies and mechanisms of the green economy, which will contribute to the stability of socioeconomic development, while at the same time guaranteeing environmental protection. Materials and Methods. Logical, induction, deduction, comparative legal analysis and synthesis, analogy, statistical and other methods of scientific cognition were used to analyze the areas of convergence and institutions of environmental policy in the national legislation of the EAEU member states and overcome existing problems. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the general provisions of supranational legislation and acts of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union, mediating the implementation of state environmental policy. Analysis. The convergence of national environmental policy should be considered a starting point for cooperation between the EAEU member states in the field of green economy and the formation of an appropriate agenda for integration cooperation. The overwhelming number of scientists and experts agree with the lag of the EAEU both in the development of a green economy and green energy, and in the implementation of a coordinated environmental policy and legislation. Results. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the convergence of the environmental policies of the EAEU member states will contribute to the further development of integration, the removal of barriers, exemptions and restrictions in the regulation of environmental management and environmental protection. In order to bring together the environmental policies pursued by the EAEU member states, it is necessary to develop and adopt common supranational legislation that enshrines strategic goals and directions for the development of environmental management and environmental protection. The current legislative acts at the national level are based on a similar set of goals, objectives and directions of development, which opens up opportunities for their harmonization and unification. At the same time, priority should be given to environmental safety issues.

Measuring opportunities: Transforming Indonesia’s economy through utilizing natural resources for sustainable development through green economy indicators

Many countries with low to medium incomes need a long time to recover from the economic downturn caused by Covid-19. The impact of Covid-19 affects the main development priorities in Indonesia, such as poverty alleviation, the achievement of sustainable development, and the transformation of the green economy. The economic and fiscal constraints facing Indonesia need attention, and the Indonesian economy needs to establish policy criteria. The purpose of this article is to analyze the environmental problems in Indonesia and then identify the government policy related to sustainable development programs to release them. The Ministry of Finance has an essential role in the SDGs by allocating National Budget to environmental programs. Sustainable development is Indonesia’s commitment to the international community to reduce the use of carbon emissions to promote a green economy. The green economy indicators that we elaborate in supporting SDGs programs are low-carbon development, resource efficiency, and socially inclusive.

Cultural heritage and tourism. A comparison of two destinations in Southern Moravia

This paper addresses the question: why do two destinations with extremely valuable cultural heritage gain attractions have completely different tourism traffic results? The main aim of this paper was to find the various causes of this inequality. The comparative method was used and Lednice and Dolní Kounice in Southern Moravia were selected as case studies. Statistical data and strategic documents on regional and local levels were analysed. The study showed significant differences in the strategic conceptual plans. Dolní Kounice was a more popular destination for suburban tourism for the inhabitants of Brno, the historical heritage was only an added value. In the case of Lednice, the use of its heritage for tourism was one of the main development priorities. This paper further noted that cultural tourism is often seen as a sector of the economy rather than a part of the culture.

Main Priorities of Development of Canning Industry in Azerbaijan

The article discusses the role and importance of foreign trade relations in the development of the canning industry in Azerbaijan and the main priorities for its development, applies the method of comparative analysis of the production, import and export potential of canned fruit and vegetables and canned juices, considers arrangements for the implementation of the main directions taken in this area, as well as the share of individual countries in the export of local products, in accordance with the procedure for conducting a regulatory impact assessment in relation to the studying issues. At the same time, the activity of a more efficient agrarian market for the country is studied in order to form the export potential of canning industry products, to create more significant areas for the import-export of canning production, and the studies are carried out to ensure the formation and efficiency of the import-export system.

ANALISIS DAN PERBANDINGAN SEKTOR UNGGULAN DI KOTA MAKASSAR DAN KOTA PAREPARE DAN PERANNYA DALAM MENUNJANG PEREKONOMIAN PADA PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN

Economic activity is an activity carried out by humans to obtain certain goods or services according to their needs. This activity is expected to be able to achieve prosperity in life. The aims of conducting this research are; 1) To know the leading sectors in Makassar and Parepare; 2) To find out the comparison of leading sectors in Makassar and Parepare, and 3) To find out and analyze the role of the leading sector in supporting the economy in their respective regions. The data used in this research was secondary, namely, data on the gross regional domestic product, distribution, and growth rate according to business fields in Makassar and Parepare for the period 2011-2020, Location Quotient, Dynamic Location Quotient, and Growth Ratio Models combined in the Analysis table Overlays. The results of the research indicated that there were 2 sectors based on the analysis overlays scored more than 1 on each indicator in Makassar, namely construction and health services, while in Parepare there were 5 sectors namely electricity and gas procurement, accommodation, and food and drink provision, financial and insurance services, real estate, and health services. Based on the results, these sectors are the main development priorities that are superior and prospective sectors and have good growth in their region and province.

Industries’ Bioeconomic Transformation as the Mechanism of Sustainable Development

The bioeconomic strategy of Ukraine has not been yet formed, the development of biotechnology is slow, the use of biotechnology is still very fragmentary. The main economic biotechnology sectors of Ukraine are agriculture, pharmaceuticals, food industry and bioenergy. A circular, sustainable bio-economy can become the primary tool for Ukraine’s integration into the EU Green Economy, making its economy more sustainable and competitive. The article aims to develop scientific and methodical aspects of the bioeconomic transformation of the national economy of Ukraine. The paper conducts a comprehensive assessment of the bioeconomic potential of the agri-food sector of the Ukrainian economy and identifies the main development priorities. The dynamics of alternative energy consumption and production from alternative energy sources have been provided.

СУЧАСНІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СВІТОВОГО РИНКУ ЦЕЛЮЛОЗНО-ПАПЕРОВОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ

The peculiarities of the development of the world pulp and paper industry have been considered in this study. The types of products are described and the traditional type of production process within the industry has been characterized. The main exporters of pulp and paper products in the world have been identified. The dynamics of production indicators for printing paper, pulp, chemical wood pulp, cardboard, coated paper in the world market has been analyzed. A review of the pulp and paper industry of Ukraine was carried out on the basis of indicators of export and import of pulp from wood or other fibrous materials, export-import balance, sales of pulp, paper and cardboard in domestic and foreign markets. The current trend in the dynamics of export-import balance in the bulk trade of wood or other fibrous pulp for the period 2016-2020 indicates a significant predominance of imports over exports, which can be attributed to the lack of positive developments in the segment of deep wood processing in the forest sector. The key factors of modern transformations of the world market of pulp and paper products are stated: the growing demand for viscose pulp products used in the manufacture of new types of plastics; growing demand for recycled paper in the context of environmental friendliness of the material; growth in demand for sanitary and hygienic types of paper, which is associated with the growth of income and population on a global scale; growing demand for packaging paper and cardboard as an ecological type of packaging material; falling demand for all types of sulfite cellulose due to the negative impact on the environment; falling demand for all types of writing paper due to the technological revolution and changes in the format of data storage as a result of digitalization processes. The global pandemic COVID-2019, the processes of digitalization and human development on the basis of the concept of sustainable development have been considered as the main drivers of transformation processes in the industry. The main priorities of development of enterprises of pulp and paper products in the conditions of modern transformations for the purpose of increase of the international competitiveness of industrial centers on the world arena have been specified.

Resources Provision of Rural Territories Social Sphere: A Case Study

The article presents analysis of resources provision of social sphere of the rural territories of Chelyabinsk region; there are analyzed the main components of creature comforts of a rural population. There is given an assessment of a program implementation of sustainable development of the rural territories of Chelyabinsk region and the country in general. There are the numerical data characterizing the delivery of Program in regions of the Russian Federation and amounts of financing for realization the actions contributing to sustainable development of the rural territories. The main directions of the Program are connected with providing the rural territories with a necessary social infrastructure sufficient for maintenance of worthy level of living of a rural population and also to promoting growth of appeal of shape of the rural territories to inflow of the human and investment equities. There is shown an international experience of achievement of high level and quality of life in the rural territories. There are determined the main priorities of development of the rural territories of the European countries: innovation in the structuring of farming; providing a continuous line of production of producing agricultural products; rational use of natural resources; improvement of social and economic conditions of life sustenance in the rural territories. There is revealed the direct dependence between ensuring growth of sustainable development level of the rural territories on degree of a scope and efficiency of use of own resources and the available potentials in the territories. Here are allocated types of the rural territories on the level of sustainable development: the territories of the advancing development; the developing territories; survival territories. There are established the reasons of decrease in life level in the rural territories and great lagging from the level of sustainable development of urban localities. The main reasons are: the concentration of production and conversion of agricultural products in certain settlements promoting desolation and irrational use of potentials of other territories; insufficient financing of the social sphere; a lack of support from the state of small-scale farmer and personal subsidiary farms. There are made recommendations about enhancement of organizational, economic and ecological opportunities of use of the available resource providing the rural territories; production organizations of agricultural products; development of a social infrastructure.

МОЛОЧНОЕ СКОТОВОДСТВО РОССИИ: РЕСУРСНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРИОРИТЕТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ

МОЛОЧНОЕ СКОТОВОДСТВО РОССИИ: РЕСУРСНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРИОРИТЕТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ

Социально-проектная деятельность в сфере государственной образовательной политики в Российской Федерации

In this article specifics of social and design activity in a modern education system as one of the most important institutes of the state are considered. The analysis of tools of social design is provided in the educational sphere. The author has revealed the main directions of modernization of Russian education via mechanisms of social and design activity. The main priorities of development of this technology in system of Russian education are defined.

Capacity Development Services and the Demand Market in Albanian Tourism Sector

Over the last 20 years the role of tourism has been increasingly recognized as an important development strategy, considering its importance in creating positive economical effects in worldwide level. Sustainability has become nowadays a principle of development and obviously of tourism development.Sustainable tourism is one of the main development priorities of local, national and international authorities to ensure long term success on a global market.One of the main reasons in sustainability of tourism development in Albania is that almost planners, operators and local community could not have created a connection through different dimensions of the sustainability.The paper explores the need and demand for building Albania`s private sector capacity for tourism development. This study was run in the most important market actors which operate in the tourism sector in Albania, especially focusing in clients of capacity development services. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the most important tourism operators, that use these services.The aim was to examine their views on tourism development, in an attempt to establish overall desired directions for tourism development and to suggest effective tourism strategies and policies to reinforce positive outcomes and alleviate problems resulting from previous unplanned tourism development.According to the survey, results showed the availability of capacity building services, the links with local and international service providers, their preferred service delivery mechanisms and the barriers that exist in this market.Hence understanding barriers of capacity development services can help to all the actors for future planning to achieve sustainable tourism development. Keywords : capacity development, tourism operators, sustainable development, service quality .

Concept of “Modernization” in a Political Discourse of Modern Kazakhstan: On the Example of Messages of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the People of Kazakhstan

Abstract Any policy is institutionalized mainly through the constitution, laws, acts and annual Messages to the people, etc. As a result of it the political communication presented by such genre as the message of the president, has huge impact on public consciousness and formation of political dispositions of citizens. “Modernization” in texts of Messages of the President of Kazakhstan allows to state the discourse analysis of a concept carried out by us: first, the carried-out content analysis testifies to an increasing role of political communication where a concept “modernization” can be discoursed. Secondly, use of this concept in texts of messages achieves the communicative objectives, in other words it serves to the idea of association of society. Thirdly, concept use “modernization” in texts of Messages is designated by the main priorities of development of Kazakhstan which become a basis for realization of a task of entry of the Republic of Kazakhstan into number of top 30 developed countries of the world.

The Priorities of Development of Vertically Integrated Structures

Ways of attainment of the competitiveness are different for each enterprise, but, at the same time, they have a mutual feature, i.e. an enterprise cannot become a competitive one without the implementation of strategic plans of its development. Despite the diversity of strategies enterprises frequently choose the strategy of external increase, which includes a type such as the vertical integration strategy. A purpose of the research is the determination of the main priorities of development of vertically integrated structures and the examination of the main directions of enhancement of their efficiency. The vertically integrated structures creating the complete technological cycle “production — processing — realization” is the most effective and adjusted to modern conditions of the market economy. The application of vertical integration enables to overcome the apartness of producers of raw materials and processing companies, trade and other companies, to eliminate the competition between producers and distributors of products of the same type. All of this is very important for the formation of the single price policy. Moreover, the application of vertical integration allows the optimization of prices and conditions of production and distribution of products, taking into consideration the application of damping policy regarding the foreign competitors. Due to the creation of vertically integrated structures a system of taxation of final products may be put in order. Simultaneously, the practice of double or triple taxation in the process of movement of products from suppliers of raw materials to processing and distribution companies is eliminated. The incentive reason of the vertical integration is, firstly, the savings in transactional costs related to, in particular, the preparation and drawing up a treaty. The decrease of transactional costs also occurs in the process of usage of highly specialized resources, since the market of these assets is factually monopolized, and a company-producer deals with the uncertainty regarding the timely delivery of such resources. The vertically integrated structures is an important element of the company development, which enables to significantly decrease costs for additional legal aspects of a commercial activity, to save resources, to enhance the quality of a finished product due to the deeper specialization of some treads of a structure, and to completely detect the economic potential of a state. The advantages of these integrations together with the incentive reasons of vertical integration create a synergic interconnection, which prevent disproportions of production and provide a maximally possible income under the high quality of products.

Investigate of Low Carbon Urban Transport Development

With the continued deterioration of the international environment, as well as people pay more attention to environment protection, also in order to avoid high-carbon industries lock effect, the low carbon sustainable development ideas are proposed. In this paper, based on the difference between domestic and international low carbon economy, we analyzed the low carbon economys fundamental connotation, reviewed the existing problem in the low carbon transport, and proposed the thought of building a low carbon city and the main development priorities.

Sustainability Perspectives in Greece as Reflected by Mineral Deposits Exploitation

The mining activity and further exploitation of mineral wealth remain the main development priorities of Greece. The exploitation of rich deposits of mineral raw materials is a timeless essential reference for the mining and metallurgical activities in Greece. The Greek minerals are early target of productive investment and interest, with strong commercial presence in the global market offering employment opportunities for large numbers of workers. Today employs about 23,000 workers and there are still more than 100,000 employment positions. The specification of strategic options for the future of mining in Greece should be of high priority, as well as the definition of a «roadmap» for the optimal use and sustainable exploitation of specific mineral raw materials.

<b>KAJIAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN TANAMAN CENGKEH (<i>Eugenia aromatica</i> L.) BERDASARKAN ASPEK AGROKLIMAT DAN KELAYAKAN EKONOMI (Studi kasus Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan)</b><br></i>CROP LAND SUITABILITY FOR CLOVE (<i>Eugenia aromatica</i> L.)...</i>

<div>Indonesian plantations are increasingly expanding and making progress so as to support the government </div><div>programs in Indonesia Agricultural development is necessary, especially the plantation area of clove plantations which have many benefits and uses for the community.The aims of this study is to find out the suitability of the clove crop land in South Sulawesi province and the level of effectiveness in investing land. Methodology used is based on suitability area for agroclimate parameters and economical feasibility.The results of analysis shown that South Sulawesi Provinve are potential for extension based on the suitability of clove plants Agro-climate and the closure of its land in the amount of 26.743 km</div><div>2</div><div>.There are three land suitability classes, highly suitable areas or S1 (1.897 km</div><div>2</div><div>), moderately suitable areas or S2 (23.120 km</div><div>) and marginally suitable areas or S3 (990 km</div><div>2</div><div>). In addition, the region still has the potential areas of land for plantation development is a form of forest land with an area of 8.694 km</div><div>2</div><div>.These three land suitabilitieshave feasibility of investment net profit in the S1 field with the present value of Rp 26.841.000/ha, 30,1% IRR, and BCR of 2,16.Net profit in the land S2 is Rp 16.864.000/ha, 24% IRR, and BCR of 1,73%, while net profit on the land S3 is Rp 2.723.000/ha.Areas of land which became the main development priorities with highpriority</div><div>land</div><div>present</div><div>in</div><div>six</div><div>districts</div><div>namely</div><div>Wajo,</div><div>Jeneponto,</div><div>Sinjai,</div><div>Bulukumba,</div><div>Barru,</div><div>and</div><div>BoneIndonesian plantations are increasingly expanding and making progress so as to support the government programs in Indonesia Agricultural development is necessary, especially the plantation area of clove plantations which have many benefits and uses for the community.The aims of this study is to find out the suitability of the clove crop land in South Sulawesi province and the level of effectiveness in investing land. Methodology used is based on suitability area for agroclimate parameters and economical feasibility.The results of analysis shown that South Sulawesi Provinve are potential for extension based on the suitability of clove plants Agro-climate and the closure of its land in the amount of 26.743 km2.There are three land suitability classes, highly suitable areas or S1 (1.897 km2), moderately suitable areas or S2 (23.120 km) and marginally suitable areas or S3 (990 km2). In addition, the region still has the potential areas of land for plantation development is a form of forest land with an area of 8.694 km2.These three land suitabilitieshave feasibility of investment net profit in the S1 field with the present value of Rp 26.841.000/ha, 30,1% IRR, and BCR of 2,16.Net profit in the land S2 is Rp 16.864.000/ha, 24% IRR, and BCR of 1,73%, while net profit on the land S3 is Rp 2.723.000/ha.Areas of land which became the main development priorities with highprioritylandpresentinsixdistrictsnamelyWajo,Jeneponto,Sinjai,Bulukumba,Barru,andBone</div>