Main Constructs Research Articles

Unraveling the Nexus: A Bibliometric Analysis of Subjective Wellbeing, Individualism-Collectivism and Sustainable Consumption Research in The Last Decade

Purpose: This paper intends to contribute to the academic field by pointing out trends in studies on subjective wellbeing and exploring the possibility of new interconnections with different constructs, especially in a scenario of significant changes in consumption behavior, such as the post-pandemic one. In the managerial area, it aims to collaborate by providing relevant information on the effects of sustainable consumption on subjective wellbeing, particularly for marketing professionals and the development of marketing strategies. Method: The study conducts descriptive and bibliometric analyses of the 236 selected articles found in the literature over the last ten years, establishing connections between the main theories. Results and conclusion: Although the studies found do not directly associate the three main constructs that are the focus of the research, there is a clear relationship between them. Studies show individualistic or collectivistic orientation as an antecedent of sustainable consumption; the influence of culture on the level of subjective wellbeing; as well as a positive relationship between sustainable consumption habits and subjective wellbeing and an inversely proportional relationship between individualism and sustainable consumption. Research implications: We can understand as relevant that future studies on sustainable consumption should take into account individualism-collectivism and wellbeing, seeking a comprehensive and systematic approach to sustainable consumption, considering the role of individual citizens in society, and exploring the link between the provision of sustainable products and diverse sustainable consumption practices. It is necessary to consider the complex and multifaceted nature of wellbeing, as well as the cultural and societal factors that influence it, and take a holistic approach that considers the interplay between individual, community, and social wellbeing. Originality/value: The study contributes to the integration of constructs, since the article seeks to fill a gap by exploring the interconnection between three main constructs - subjective wellbeing, individualism/collectivism and sustainable consumption. In doing so, it provides an integrated view that can enrich theoretical discussions in these areas. In addition, the bibliometric analysis reveals recent trends in the literature, highlighting the areas that have received the most attention and those that are less explored. This information can guide researchers for future studies and explore knowledge gaps. By considering the influence of culture on the relationships between the constructs, the article also contributes to a deeper understanding of how cultural differences can shape perceptions of wellbeing and sustainable consumption practices.

Driving sustainable competitiveness: unveiling the nexus of green intellectual capital and environmental regulations on greening SME performance

Within the evolving landscape of contemporary business, where sustainability and innovation intertwine, our study explores a strategic gap, presenting the rationale behind choosing green intellectual capital (GIC), absorptive capacity (AC), green innovation (GI), environmental regulations (ERs), and competitive advantage (CA) as main constructs. This model investigates the complex nature of the competitive landscape of SMEs within the vibrant manufacturing sector using the latest version of SmartPLS 4 for analyzing complex data. Drawing upon the theory of the natural resource-based view (NRBV), this study uncovers that GIC advances GI and AC, driving SMEs toward sustainable CA, particularly within the context of ER. These findings propose vital insights for SMEs looking to leverage their valuable resource, contributing to greening operations and reaching sustainable competitiveness while also contributing to theoretical developments in understanding resource-based perceptions on greening the manufacturing of SMEs. Findings reveal the significant impact of GIC on AC and GI and their subsequent impact on CA. Furthermore, ER uncovers the essential role in shaping the link between GIC and AC, thus enhancing SMEs’ capacity to achieve sustainable competitiveness. This study discloses how SMEs utilize GIC to identify ER and achieve CA and how the NRBV develops an understanding of SMEs utilizing their unique resource endowments to drive GI and achieve CA. This study examines the mediating role of AC and GI in this relationship.

Depictions of “mental illness” in Greek criminal court rulings: Α discourse analysis

The present study investigates the constructions of people diagnosed with “mental illness” in Greek criminal court rulings. A Foucauldian discourse analysis approach was applied to criminal court rulings published from 2009 to 2018 to identify dominant discursive resources used to construct “mental illness”, as well as the functions performed by judicial discourse through the specific depictions of perpetrators and their crimes. Two main constructs emerged from the analysis. When constructing the unimputable “dangerous mental patient”, an intersection of biomedical and dangerousness discourses depicts the person as unpredictable, incapable of self-awareness, self-determination, and moral judgment. In the imputable “criminal personality” construction, the impact of “mental illness” on the committed crimes is relativized, since the criminal act is attributed to psychological characteristics of the individual, who is portrayed as deliberately violating the rules of socially acceptable behavior despite being capable of rational thinking and moral reasoning. The central issues that emerged include the pre-constructed categorization of the perpetrators into imputable or non-imputable, according to the determined degree of moral agency, and the selective utilization of biomedical discourse by the court, whereby it evaluates psychiatric expertise sometimes as objective evidence and others as unreliable opinion.

Effects of Perceived Mathematics Connection on Mathematics Motivation: Mediating Role of History of Mathematics Concepts

The present study assessed the mediating effects of history of mathematics concepts on the relationship between mathematics connection and mathematics motivation. The study was a descriptive survey carried out on 390 students randomly selected from Asuoso Senior High School in the Offinso-North District of Ghana’s Ashanti region. Data was collected using Likert type structured questionnaires. Reliability analysis was computed in SPSS (V. 23) and confirmatory factor analysis was computed in AMOS (V. 23). In addition, average variance extracted (AVE), convergent validity, and discriminant validity were computed in Microsoft Excel from factor loadings. Also, composite reliability was calculated at https://www.thestatisticalmind.com/composite-reliability/. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was computed in Amos (V. 23) to determine direct, and mediating effects among the main constructs. The study found that mathematics connection positively and significantly influenced mathematics motivation of senior high school students. The indirect effects of mathematics connection on mathematics motivation through history of mathematics concepts was positive and significant. The study recommended that mathematics teachers should desist from merely topic explanations and rote memorization of solution procedures. They should rather make mathematics connections and history of mathematics concepts imminent in their lesson planning and delivery. To implement this, mathematics topics should be linked to real-life scenarios, other subjects, and students’ lives, and the history behind such concepts are explained in plain language. Not only teachers, NaCCA should ensure that the mathematics syllabus and textbooks for senior high schools have incorporated real-life scenarios as well as the historical background of concepts to ensure learners develop the interest and motives for studying mathematics.

Using co-design to develop the Adolescent Health Literacy Questionnaire for adolescents in Ireland.

Health literacy measurement studies are important for the success of health promotion efforts targeting adolescents. However, the majority of health literacy measurement tools were originally developed for adult populations and may not be reflective of health literacy in the context of adolescence. The present study sought to co-design a health literacy questionnaire and vignettes for adolescents in Ireland aged 12-18 years. This article describes the qualitative phase of the study. In 2019-2021, eight adolescents from the Irish Heart Foundation's Youth Advisory Panel participated in two concept mapping workshops during which they defined healthy living. Results of the thematic analysis indicated that adolescents defined 'healthy living' as a life that was balanced, prioritizing mental health and sleep. According to their definition, healthy living was comprised of six main constructs, namely, knowledge; sources of quality health information; facilitators and barriers; influence of others; self-efficacy, self-management and resilience; and citizenship and communication. These constructs were used to develop vignettes and items for the Adolescent Health Literacy Questionnaire (AHLQ). These were tested on a sample of 80 adolescents to check whether the respondents understood the items and vignettes as intended. Results of the nine cognitive interviews indicated that the adolescents understood the content of the 10 vignettes and 41 items. While the vignettes and AHLQ were developed with Irish adolescents, the approaches taken can be generalized to adolescents living in other countries. This will allow for the development of tailored and relevant solutions for health literacy development and health promotion for this sub-population.

Deviations from the balanced time perspective, cognitive fusion, and self-compassion in individuals with or without a depression diagnosis: different mean profiles but common links to depressive symptoms.

Prior research indicates that depressive symptoms in unselected or sub-clinical samples are associated with time perspective biases, including a more negative view of the past and a more fatalistic attitude toward the present. In the current study, we compared time perspective profiles for a clinical sample, with a depression diagnosis with that of a control group. Additionally, we considered a measure known as deviations from the balanced time perspective (DBTP) that capture deviations across time frames, not considered in previous studies. A second obejctive was to test a model involving DPTP as a mediator of the links between cognitive fusion and self-compassion with depressive symptoms. In total, 300 individuals participated in the study, 150 participants with a depression diagnosis and 150 without a depression diagnoses. All participants filled in questions regarding background variables together with Polish adaptations of ZTPI, CFQ, SCS-S, and DASS-21 using a web-survey. The results showed significantly higher scores on Past Negative and Present Fatalistic in the clinical sample. In line with the hypothesis the clinical group also displayed elevated DBTP scores (d = 0.75), a difference that remained significant when current symptoms were adjusted for. The results of structural equation modeling moreover indicate a major role of cognitive fusion (which, as expected, was strongly associated with DBTP) in predicting symptom burden, regardless of the clinical/non-clinical distinction, but. Still, DBTP accounted for significant (unique) variance in depressive symptoms. By contrast, the inclusion of cognitive fusion and DBTP eliminated the association of self-compassion and depressive symptoms. Taken together, the results indicate that levels of DBTP/fusion for persons with depression diagnosis is present regardless of current symptom burden. Thus, DBTP could be regarded as a risk factor of developing depression. Prospective research designs are needed to further evaluate the associations of the main constructs in this study and the extent to which they are predictive of future diagnosis and changes in symptom level.

Designing a Development Model for Cultural Capital in the National Sports System

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive model for understanding and enhancing cultural capital within the national sports system. Methodology: This research adopts a qualitative grounded theory approach, specifically utilizing the Strauss and Corbin method (2008). Data were collected through in-depth, open-ended interviews with 20 experts in academic and executive sports environments. The interviews were analyzed using open coding, axial coding, and selective coding to identify key concepts and categories. The study also incorporated library studies and document reviews to supplement the interview data. The validity and reliability of the findings were assessed through expert reviews and inter-rater agreement methods. Findings: The analysis revealed several critical factors influencing cultural capital in the national sports system, categorized under main constructs such as sports tradition, professional status of sports, sports in society, economy, and education. Intervention conditions like policy status, unexpected events, development indices, media, politics, cultural macro-conditions, and geographic distribution were identified as significant influencers. Background conditions included values, social class diversity, organizational culture, meritocracy, and job security. The study identified strategic responses as either pattern-centered or conventional interactions leading towards globalization. These strategies significantly impacted social mobility and the priorities within the sports field. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive model for understanding and developing cultural capital within the national sports system. It underscores the multifaceted nature of cultural capital and its critical role in fostering participation, professionalization, and social mobility in sports. The findings highlight the necessity for robust policy frameworks, educational initiatives, and financial support mechanisms to enhance cultural capital.

Increasing Sport Fans’ Receptivity to Sustainability Messaging Through the Enhancement of Brand Authenticity

Brand authenticity is a crucial concept in determining a continuing relationship between a team and its fans. To better understand brand authenticity in the sport industry, this study explored how professional sport teams’ brand authenticity can be enhanced by its antecedents and what is the role of brand authenticity on fan loyalty, ultimately enhancing receptivity to environmental sustainability messaging. A total of 349 fans of the National Football League participated in an online survey. This research employed structural equation modeling to examine the relationships among the eight main constructs in the hypothesized research model. The results indicated that the five predictors positively influenced the team’s brand authenticity. Furthermore, enhanced brand authenticity impacted fan loyalty, while receptivity to environmental sustainability messaging was affected by fan loyalty and environmental sustainability attitude. The findings demonstrate how sport organizations can increase fans’ receptivity to environmental sustainability messaging through fans’ perceived brand authenticity and loyalty.

Research on multidimensional impact assessment model of public cultural service facilities in Henan Province rural

Abstract The countryside plays a crucial role in constructing a robust socialist cultural nation, with rural public cultural facilities serving as the primary hub for public cultural activities and content. This paper utilizes each city and village in Henan Province as an example, with rural culture development serving as the primary research topic. The paper uses the influence of rural public cultural facilities as the main research index and constructs a relevant evaluation index system to assess their impact. Combine the subjective entropy value method and the objective hierarchical analysis method for the combination of weighting to judge the importance of the indicators. The TOPSIS method is employed to evaluate the complete impact, and the fuzzy set qualitative comparison method is employed to investigate the path of influence improvement. The government places greater importance on facility services and their social impact, and from 2015 to 2022, rural public cultural service facilities in Henan Province experienced a growth trend, transitioning from a risk level to a sensitive one. In addition, this paper proposes an influence strategy for rural public cultural service facilities. The consistency of the solution of the four combined paths is 0.997715, 0.97225, 0.97815, and 0.96524, all > 0.8, which illustrates that the influence factors such as resource construction, government intervention, and economic security will have a propelling effect on rural public cultural service facilities. It shows that influencing factors such as resource construction, government intervention, and economic security, all have the effect of promoting rural public cultural service facilities.

Međuorganizacijska mobilnost zaposlenika

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the phenomenon of interorganizational employee mobility, 55 defined as a movement of employees between the source and destination organizations that goes beyond simple turnover behaviour. We use a bibliometric analysis approach that applies quantitative and statistical methods to bibliographic data to deepen our objective understanding of how research on interorganizational employee mobility has evolved over time and to examine whether interorganizational employee mobility is multilevel in nature. The results of the performance analysis and various science mapping methods (co-authorship analysis, co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, and co-word analysis) reveal clustered networks of key contributors in the field (i.e., authors, journals, affiliations, countries). Authors from the field of management, mainly from the USA and Western European affiliations, dominate the field. However, few of them have more than one publication on the topic of interorganizational employee mobility, which indicates that the literature in the field is still scattered and not yet mature. Our findings contribute to the career development literature by providing a detailed insight into how career has changed over time and highlighting the main constructs and factors associated with individual decisions to change employers.

Organizational Factors in Clinical Data Sharing for Artificial Intelligence in Health Care

Limited sharing of data sets that accurately represent disease and patient diversity limits the generalizability of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in health care. To explore the factors associated with organizational motivation to share health data for AI development. This qualitative study investigated organizational readiness for sharing health data across the academic, governmental, nonprofit, and private sectors. Using a multiple case studies approach, 27 semistructured interviews were conducted with leaders in data-sharing roles from August 29, 2022, to January 9, 2023. The interviews were conducted in the English language using a video conferencing platform. Using a purposive and nonprobabilistic sampling strategy, 78 individuals across 52 unique organizations were identified. Of these, 35 participants were enrolled. Participant recruitment concluded after 27 interviews, as theoretical saturation was reached and no additional themes emerged. Concepts defining organizational readiness for data sharing and the association between data-sharing factors and organizational behavior were mapped through iterative qualitative analysis to establish a framework defining organizational readiness for sharing clinical data for AI development. Interviews included 27 leaders from 18 organizations (academia: 10, government: 7, nonprofit: 8, and private: 2). Organizational readiness for data sharing centered around 2 main constructs: motivation and capabilities. Motivation related to the alignment of an organization's values with data-sharing priorities and was associated with its engagement in data-sharing efforts. However, organizational motivation could be modulated by extrinsic incentives for financial or reputational gains. Organizational capabilities comprised infrastructure, people, expertise, and access to data. Cross-sector collaboration was a key strategy to mitigate barriers to access health data. This qualitative study identified sector-specific factors that may affect the data-sharing behaviors of health organizations. External incentives may bolster cross-sector collaborations by helping overcome barriers to accessing health data for AI development. The findings suggest that tailored incentives may boost organizational motivation and facilitate sustainable flow of health data for AI development.

Knowledge of periodontal diseases, oral hygiene practices, and self-reported periodontal problems among patients visiting a tertiary dental care centre in Trivandrum, Kerala

: The prevalence of periodontal diseases is increasing globally. This can be attributed to the deficits in the health care system, especially in educating the public about periodontal diseases, and oral hygiene practices. This issue is more severe among people living in remote and rural areas where accessibility to dental health care education is difficult. This study aims to assess the oral hygiene practices, knowledge of periodontal diseases, and self-reported periodontal problems among adults visiting the tertiary dental care centre in Trivandrum, Kerala: This cross-sectional study employed a pretested and validated questionnaire to assess the three main constructs of periodontal knowledge, practices, and self-reported periodontal health issues among adults aged more than 18 years. All the patients who visited the outpatient department of periodontology at Government Dental College, who gave informed consent were administered the questionnaire.: Two hundred and twenty-nine study participants responded with a slight female gender predilection. 89.1% reported periodontal health problems. Good knowledge of periodontal diseases and oral hygiene practices was seen among 48.5% and 44.1% of the study respondents. Rural residents were found to be at a higher risk of poor periodontal knowledge and oral hygiene practices, and more self-reported periodontal health issues. The level of education also showed a significant association with periodontal knowledge and practices.: The findings of the study shed light on the need for devising effective educational interventions to improve the periodontal knowledge and practices of adults. Incorporating health promotional interventions into the clinical treatment regime, designing a hospital setting-based intervention with the help of house surgeons and post-graduates, and reinforcement of health education at regular intervals were a few recommendations to enhance the knowledge, practices and the oral health care seeking nature of general population.

Optimal resistance exercise training parameters for stroke recovery: A protocol for a systematic review

Background Stroke impacts nearly 14 million people annually. Muscle strength and physical function are often affected by stroke and important determinants of stroke recovery. Resistance exercise training (RT) has been shown to improve muscle strength, but RT prescriptions may be suboptimal for other aspects of stroke recovery. Parameters such as frequency, intensity, type, and duration may influence the effectiveness of RT interventions but have not been systematically evaluated. Objectives 1) To determine the effects of RT on stroke recovery, and 2) to examine the influence of RT parameters on intervention effects. Eligibility criteria Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of RT will be eligible for this systematic review if they: 1) included only adults with stroke or transient ischemic attack, 2) compared RT to no exercise or usual care, and 3) did not apply a co-intervention. Study selection Eight databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE, AMED, PsychINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and 2 clinical trials registries (ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) will be searched from inception. Two independent pairs of authors will compare titles, abstracts, and full-text reports against the eligibility criteria. Conflicts will be resolved by consensus or third author. Main outcome measures The construct of interest is stroke recovery. An advisory group of clinicians, researchers, and partners with lived experience of stroke will be consulted to determine specific outcome measures of interest, and to rank their relative importance. We expect to include measures of physical function, strength, cognition, and quality of life. Random-effects meta-analyses will be used to pool results for each outcome across studies, and RT parameters (frequency, intensity, type, and duration) will be used as covariates in meta-regression analyses. Conclusion The results of this review will inform the optimal RT prescription parameters for promoting stroke recovery.

Measuring the Content Validity of Middle Leadership Competence Model using Content Validity Ratio (CVR) Analysis

This study aims to examine the content validity of Middle Leadership Competence Model using Lawshe’s CVR analysis. The study was carried out quantitatively using survey method. The four main competency constructs comprise of Leadership, Instructional, Governance and Self-emotional. A total of 109 items were formed and evaluated by nine field experts. The experts were purposely selected based on their expertise in educational leadership, competency development and psychometric. The results showed that 91 items met the minimum CVR value of 0.78 and were retained. While, 18 items were rejected from the item pool. The mean judgement of 0.89 (CVI) for the retained items shows that the instrument has the potential to be promoted as an effective tool to measure the middle leadership competence in school. Subsequently, in the future, it is recommended to conduct more sophisticated statistical analysis such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to scrutinize the factor structure and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) for model development.

Professional Identity in Nursing Scale 2.0: A national study of nurses’ professional identity and psychometric properties

BackgroundProfessional identity is a relatively new concept in the nursing and health care literature. Using the definition of Professional Identity in Nursing (PIN) as its main construct, the authors developed and tested the second iteration of the Professional Identity in Nursing Scale (PINS 2.0) used to measure PIN from two perspectives, self and environment. PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PINS 2.0. MethodsTo assess psychometric validity and reliability, a split-sample analysis was conducted. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on one half of the sample (n = 322) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on the other half of the sample (n = 312). Descriptive statistics were also performed and analyzed. ResultsAccording to the EFA pattern of parameter coefficients and CFA fit statistics (PINS-self: χ2(399) =1059.495, p < .001, CFI = 0.934, RMSEA = 0.072, SRMR = 0.032; PINS-environment: χ2(399) =929.019, p < .001, CFI = 0.946, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.029), the PINS 2.0 shows adequate psychometric properties for measuring the concept of PIN with the following 4 constructs: 1) values and ethics, 2) knowledge, 3) leadership, and 4) professional comportment. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were: PINS 2.0-self = 0.97 and PINS 2.0-environment =0.98. ConclusionWe further advance the assessment of the psychometric properties of the PINS 2.0 to measure PIN from the perspective of self and environment.

Models of quality of life management in the region: National Social Initiative (on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

The work is devoted to the study of the issue of quality of life management in the region on the basis of a new model presented by the National Social Initiative (NSI), as most consistent with the principle of human-centricity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the improvement of the quality of life of the population in the regions of Russia. The subject of the study is the models of quality of life management of the population in the regions of Russia. The actual basis of the study was made up of data from the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, data from the Quality of Life Rating in the regions of the Russian Federation, materials from the Smarteca digital platform, as well as official materials and data from the Employment Service of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The main constructs and a fragment of parametrization are given. Using the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the tools for analyzing and evaluating the quality of life within the framework of the designated model are described, and the results of content analysis of management decisions in the social sphere assigned to the region as the author on the Smarteca platform are also presented. Taking into account the identified problematic points, the current directions of development in the region are highlighted. Based on the analysis of the content of practices already replicated in the region, as well as the analysis of top projects presented on Smartec, some social management practices that are relevant in order to resolve the problems identified in the region are identified.

Differentiating emotions in the theory of planned behaviour: evidence of improved prediction in relation to sustainable food consumerism

PurposeThe theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and its extensions are often used to explain intentions to perform sustainable behaviours. Emotions can provide the impetus for action and should be considered in high-involvement situations, such as sustainable food purchase decisions. Therefore, the aim of this research work was to investigate whether the addition of different types of emotions (self-related, social and pro-active) to the TPB main constructs – attitude (ATT), subjective norm (SN) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) – improves the explanation of intention to make two sustainable food purchase choices: purchase Fairtrade (FT) products and purchase through solidarity purchasing groups (SPGs).Design/methodology/approachThe present investigation was conducted by two studies using online questionnaires and focussing on purchasing FT food products (Study 1) and purchasing food through SPGs (Study 2). Stepwise regression models were run to explain the intention to purchase FT products (Study 1; N = 240) and the intention to purchase through SPGs (Study 2; N = 209).FindingsResults show that emotions increase the predictive validity of the TPB model. The study also highlights the importance to distinguish between different types of emotions. Amongst those considered in both studies, only pro-active emotions play a significant role in predicting food purchasing intention. Results encourage further investigation of the role of emotions in TPB-based models for predicting sustainable food purchase choices.Research limitations/implicationsThe measurement of the three classical antecedents of the TPB model (ATT, SNs and PBC) performed by single items can be considered the main limitation of this work. In future research, instruments made up of more items measuring these three theoretical dimensions should be used. In addition, it would be important to conduct an analysis of the beliefs that determine ATTs, norms and perceived control.Originality/valueDifferent from previous studies that considered emotions in extension of the TPB model to explain sustainable behaviours, the present work separately analysed the role of three different kinds of emotions (self-related, social and pro-active) in explaining sustainable food behaviours.

Development of Engineering Drawing Teacher Creativity Teaching Practice Construct

Teachers play an important role in ensuring that teaching and learning become more meaningful in an effort to produce human capital with knowledge, integrity, creative and innovative thinking in line with the development of the world today. This study was conducted due to the importance of creativity in teaching as well as the need for a guide and reference for creative teaching practices, particularly for Engineering Drawing (ED) subjects based on identified research problems. This study aims to identify the constructs and subconstructs of Teacher Teaching Creativity ED. Accordingly, a fully qualitative method through expert interviews was used. A total of four experts with specific expertise and experience in the field of ED teaching were appointed to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interview findings were analysed using the saturated data analysis method. Subsequently, the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was also employed to obtain expert agreement on the list of constructs that had been identified. Three experts were appointed to carry out the FDM process. The findings of the study indicate that there are five main constructs that need to be given attention in practicing creativity in the teaching of Engineering Drawing teachers, namely, planning creative teaching and learning, guiding, managing, developing a creative community as well as evaluating and assessing. It is hoped that these obtained constructs can be used as a reference to continue the study of developing a framework for teachers' teaching creativity as a reference and guide in practicing creative teaching in the future.

Measuring Perceived Employability among Higher Education Students: A Scale Development Study in Afghanistan

In higher education, students’ perceived employability (SPE) significantly attracted authors’ attention over the last decades. Several scholars have validated scales to measure the concept. Yet an inclusive model comprising multiple internal and external factors was found to be absent in the extant literature. This study thus provides an updated multi-indicator measurement model to assist in assessing SPE and its chief components in Afghanistan. Data were collected from 755 students from six registered universities. The scale’s reliability and validity was established using the AMOS’s confirmatory factor analysis capability. Using the structural equation model (SEM)-based method, the process adopted rigorous steps to assess content validity, data symmetry, unidimensionality, construct reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, nomological validity, and model fit indices. Model validation was confirmed after the goodness-of-fit patterns and its associated validity and reliability scores had been acceptably achieved. The study justified the validation of the multi-indicator model with nine main constructs in the Afghanistan context. Additional evidence for assessing SPE beyond the validation can be provided by assessing the effects of these validated sets of components on the SPE using the complete SEM.

Virtual property from the position of the digital intellectual economy: theoretical foundations of digital law

The article examines the formation of a humandigitalenvironment as a society using digital technologies. It is studied from the standpoint of a real and virtual or material and relatively abstract environment where therights to intellectual property objects dominate as a digital right of a person when using digital tools that enable the use of various digital technologies, as well as fundamental digital rights that require a new understanding. It is noted that the right of virtual property should be distinguished from the right of intellectual property and defined as a specific type of property right. The virtualization of intellectual property is considered as a process of transition from digital intellectual property to digital virtual intellectual property with the corresponding signs of the development or creation of new objects that have an economic value equivalent to material things. In the conditions of digital individualization, the main feature of property rights is the domination of a person over a virtual thing. Virtual space allows the owner of virtual objects to own, use and dispose of them. On the basis of the virtualization of property in the system of using technological platforms, a human-digital system is formed using the latest digital technologies and digital communication with the observance of digital law. Amore complex phenomenon is considered in which virtual owner(s) or implicit owner(s) appear, relying on artificial intelligence. In this regard, the rights are dissolved in a system of transformed computer programs and digital technologies which is gainingpace of development of the digital human rights to digital objects or instruments of virtual property. They are replaced by a virtual or conditional author, a digital administrator as a digital person or a subject of digital legal relations where the value of the real right is lost as the domination of a person over a virtual thing, and only commercial economic dominates an interest that may take the form of a monopoly in the market of digital services. Virtual property is becoming the main legal construct in the system of the digital economy of intellectual property, where there are distinctive features of virtual intellectual property rights in relation to real intellectual property rights.