Main Anchor Research Articles

Flourishing Among Emerging Adulthood: A Perspective From Anchor Personality

The purpose of well-being theory in positive psychology is to help people achieve flourishing conditions. Personality is an essential factor influencing flourishing, but no research has examined the relationship between anchor personality and flourishing. Anchor is something that is trusted as a mainstay in solving problems. With that in mind, this study aimed to determine the relationship between anchor virtues, materials, self, and others on flourishing among emerging adulthood. This current research used a non-experimental quantitative method by online survey. The research participants are Indonesian citizens aged 18–25 years. The results showed that virtue was the only anchor that predicted overall flourishing positively and significantly. Anchor virtues also significantly predicted each flourishing elements separately. Anchor self and materials did not predict flourishing significantly, while anchor others predicted flourishing negatively. This study empirically proves the importance of emerging adulthood in adhering to virtues to achieve a flourishing condition. When an individual places virtues as the main anchor, they hold on to an anchor with high abstraction power, not limited by space and time and universal; so that stability and positively impact well-being can be achieved.

Nitrogen-rich carbon nanosheets supported copper catalysts for oxidative carbonylation of ethanol

Two-dimensional (2D) nitrogen-rich carbon nanosheets NC-x with a nitrogen content of 5.2 %-6.8 wt% were characterized by a one-step co-pyrolysis method and employed as Cu catalyst supports for oxidative carbonylation of ethanol. Carbon nanosheets with abundant nitrogen defects were achieved by tuning the dosage of ammonium oxalate, in which the Cu/NC-12 catalyst performed excellent activity. Furthermore, Cu/NC-x catalysts presented significantly superior catalytic activity than that of copper/carbon nanosheets (Cu/C) catalyst, it can be ascribed to the most suitable nitrogen doping to promote the exposure and dispersion of Cu species and pyridine nitrogen served as the main anchor sites to increase the ratio of Cu+/(Cu++Cu0). Density functional theory calculations further proved that introducing nitrogen atoms into carbon nanosheets effectively reinforced binding to Cu4 and adsorption of intermediates with NC, and a remarkable activity on Cu/NC-12 was achieved by a more favorable insertion of CO in the rate-determining step.

The protective role of sense of coherence in resident physicians facing secondary trauma due to patient death in intensive care—A qualitative inquiry

The salutogenic paradigm is increasingly used in research and practice but remains to be investigated in secondary trauma of health professionals. This qualitative study explored the main anchor of salutogenics, the sense-of-coherence, as a coping mechanism among resident physicians facing secondary trauma due to continuous exposure to patient suffering and deaths. Participants were sixteen resident physicians from intensive care units at emergency departments of two Israeli public tertiary hospitals. Data analysis employed reflexive thematic analysis. Findings suggest that while all residents described having comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness differed among residents. Some residents thrived, coped well with secondary trauma, centered on patient emotional needs, and drew meaningfulness from the challenges. Other residents suffered while providing care, reported poor well-being, were too overwhelmed to center patients, and doubted their career choices. Salutogenic-based interventions to cultivate the resilience of resident physicians experiencing secondary trauma are proposed.

Optimization of Prestressed Anchor Cable Layout for Left Pier of Jinchuan Hydropower Station

With the increase of the flood discharge capacity of the flood discharge structure, the size of the flood discharge orifice is widened, which leads to the increasing thrust of the radial gate. A large tensile stress zone will be formed at the connection between the anchor block and the pier, which may lead to concrete cracking. The optimization design of the prestressed anchor cable of the pier has always been a concern of the engineering community. In this paper, the left pier of Jinchuan Hydropower Station is taken as the research object, and the finite element simulation model is established. The layout position of prestressed anchor cable is optimized, and different layout schemes of prestressed anchor cable on the left pier are designed and calculated. The results show that when the amount of main anchor cable is the same, it should be arranged outside the pier as far as possible; under the condition that the number of main anchor cables on the inner side of the pier is constant, when the direction of the main anchor cable force is consistent with the direction of the radial gate thrust, the main anchor cable prestress plays the greatest role; the arrangement of balance cable has no obvious effect on the tension of concrete at pier neck. It can provide reference for structural design.

Harnessing the Immune System: An Effective Way to Manage Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogenous hematological disorder with malignant potential controlled by immunological characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. Rapid breakthrough in the molecular pathways has made immunological approaches the main anchor in the management of DLBCL, with or without chemotherapeutic agents. Rituximab was the first monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of DLBCL. Following rituximab that transformed the therapeutic landscape, other novel immunological agents including chimeric antigen T-cell therapy have reshaped the management of relapsed/refractory DLBCL. However, resistance and refractory state remain a challenge in the management of DLBCL. For this literature review, we screened articles from Medline, Embase, Cochrane databases and the European/North American guidelines from March 2010 through October 2022 for DLBCL. Here we discuss immunological agents that will significantly affect future treatment of this aggressive type of lymphoma.

Reinforcement mechanism analysis of lattice beam and prestressed anchor rod system for loess slope

Lattice beam and prestressed anchor rod are used to enhance stability and prevent failure of soil or rock slopes. In this study, a model of Lattice beam and prestressed anchor rod (LBPAR) system was designed with reinforcement mechanisms and a model test was constructed with a circular slip surface of a loess slope. First, interaction between the loess slope and the LBPAR system was investigated by an LBPAR system analysis model. Stability of sliding mass from the sliding bed with an arc-shaped sliding surface was then studied by an experimental model designed. Finally, internal force distribution of lattice beams in the LBPAR system was investigated by using a large-scale physical model test. The results were compared to those calculated using the reverse beam method, indicating that the LBPAR system strengthened the sliding mass in space and improved the overall stability of the loess slope. With vertical loading, the axial tensile stress of the main anchor rod increases continuously. The bending area of the anchor rod was concentrated within 2 m of the sliding surface. And the maximum bending moment reaches 70 N·m. The sliding mass was subject to vertical load pressure, lattice beams’ pressure, and dead weight in the meantime and the maximum earth pressure value is near the node of the lattice beams. It is proved that such a method excels in the engineering design of loess landslides, which has promising applications in the future.

Do Monetary Policy Frameworks Matter in Low-Income Countries?

In recent years, most low-income countries (LICs) have been remarkably successful in reducing inflation to single-digit levels, and many LICS are engaged in reforms to make their monetary policy frameworks more systematic, transparent, and forward-looking, often with technical support from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). To inform those initiatives, our paper provides new empirical evidence about how the characteristics of the monetary policy framework affects the propagation of shocks in LICS. First, we analyze a cross-country panel dataset of 79 LICs over the period 1990 to 2015 to assess the impact of external shocks on real GDP growth, and we find highly significant differences between LICs where the central bank targets monetary aggregates or inflation compared to LICs that use the nominal exchange rates as the main nominal anchor. Second, we use difference-in-difference methods to assess the evolution of economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the period from 1986 to 1994, and we find highly significant differences between 9 countries in the Central African Franc (CFA) zone compared to a control group of 12 other SSA countries. Our findings show that central banks in LICs can face policy tradeoffs similar to those which have been highlighted for more advanced economies, and our analysis underscores the key role of the monetary policy framework in fostering price stability and sustained economic growth in LICs.

Settlement as a determinant for community’s resilience to local economic development in Ghana

Local Economic Development (LED) is the main anchor through which economic development is achieved by building entrepreneurial capacities and improving opportunities for economic growth and citizens’ quality of life, especially in rural settlements. In Ghana, the implementation of LED is under the Ministry of Local Government, Decentralization and Rural Development (MLDGRD) through the Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) at the local level. The implementation of LED contributes significantly to Ghana’s economic growth, business creation, and employment generation. LED is therefore identified as essential to sustainable development and poverty reduction in rural settlements in Ghana. However, the challenges of poor implementation of the LED policy are financial constraints to implement LED activities at the local level, performance action of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) towards LED, and limited exploration of the sanitation value chain LED efforts at the local level. The poor capacity of small-medium micro enterprises (SMMEs) and smallholder farmers have often affected the successful implementation of LED activities at the local level. Hence, this paper seeks to identify the determinants for resilience in Local Economic Development in Ghana. The paper further provides an overview of the LED challenges in Ghana. Finally, this paper recommends appropriate theoretical frameworks that integrate the determinants for the resilience of Local Economic Development to address the identified challenges of LED, leading to poverty reduction in Ghana.

Strain Incremental Adjustment Method of Cable Force of Composite Saddle Anchor Span of Single-Tower Single-Span Ground-Anchored Suspension Bridge

To improve the efficiency of cable force adjustment of composite saddle anchor span of single-tower single-span ground-anchored suspension bridge, a strain incremental adjustment method is proposed. The analytical calculation model is established according to the relative spatial position of the cable strand and the saddle groove of the composite saddle, and the target cable force of the cable strands is calculated by the target position of the composite saddle in the cable-stayed bridge and construction phases. Considering the coupling relationship between the cable strand and the composite saddle, the calculation formula of the change in main span main cable force and anchor span cable force after the adjustment of a single cable strand is derived. Based on the condition of equilibrium of forces along the slip surface of the composite saddle, the slip amount of composite saddle after a round of cable strand adjustment is obtained, then the adjustment amount of actual construction of the cable strands is also obtained through the strain incremental adjustment method. With the help of a numerical simulation platform, the calculation program of the cable force adjustment of composite saddle anchor span is established by an iterative solution method. In this paper, taking the Jinsha River Bridge at Hutiao Gorge as a research object, the adjustment of cable force of composite saddle anchor span is analyzed and calculated. The research results indicate that the calculated cable force is obtained by the strain incremental adjustment method, and it is similar to the measured cable force. The cable strand adjustment and optimization method avoids excessive repeated stretching and relaxation of a single cable strand in the process of multiple rounds of cable strand adjustment and reduces the amount of construction adjustment. This method can effectively reduce the times of cable strand adjustment and improve the efficiency of adjusting the anchor span cable force.

Leadership Structure, Corporate Reporting and Employee Performance in State Corporations: A Case Study of Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS)

The main objective was to examine the corporate governance practices and employee performance in state corporations, a case study of Kenya Bureau of Standards with specific objectives being; to examine the influence of leadership structure and corporate reporting on employee performance at Kenya Bureau of Standards. The study is guided and anchored on the following theoretical foundations; stakeholder theory, agency theory, and stewardship theory. The study's main anchor theory was stakeholder theory. A descriptive research design was adopted for conducting the study that targets a population of 1000, and a sample size of 100 was selected using stratified random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS. The data was presented using tables and figures. Inferential statistics were used for showing how variables are related (regression and correlations). The study established that leadership structure, corporate reporting, and employee performance are primarily related, and leadership structures and corporate reporting are important factors that determine employee performance and there is a strong correlation. The study analyzed the connection between employee performance and independent variables (leadership structure and corporate reporting). The findings show that the variation in employee performance is explained by leadership structure, and corporate reporting, and recommends that management of any organization such as KEBS should develop an organizational culture that reports income and expenditure with transparency and ensures that annual reports are readily available. The study recommends that management should utilize an appropriate balance of leadership structure to enhance the likelihood of longer-term strategic effectiveness and employee performance.

532 CARING FOR AND CARING ABOUT OLDER PEOPLE LIVING WITH SEVERE FRAILTY DURING COVID-19

Abstract Introduction An ongoing study collected survey and interview data from older people with frailty living in the community near end-of-life during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods Unstructured interviews with older people with frailty living in the community (N = 10), which included accounts from unpaid carers (N = 5), were video and audio recorded between October–November 2021. Six of these older people have died since fieldwork completion. A face-to-face survey collected data from a further 10 older people. Participants ages ranged from 70–99, 11, men, and 9 women, living in owned, rented, or sheltered accommodation, with Clinical Frailty Scores of 6 (N = 8), 7 (N = 9), and 8 (N = 3). Results Topics raised in relation to the pandemic included loss of social contact and increased loneliness, concern about not physically getting out, and losing physical function. Older people struggled to gain access to health and social care for support and previously received services were withdrawn. Most participants did not have access to internet and relied heavily on families to facilitate virtual contact with health professionals. Families and friends were the main anchor in facilitating social and health care including chasing up medications, liaising with social care to ensure quality and consistency of care provided, and monitoring older people’s health. Where older people’s conditions worsened family provided intense support, though family carers described the strain and unsustainability of this provision. Older people and their families felt they had been forgotten. Conclusions These are insights from hard-to-reach population that are frequently invisible. Greater examination of the impact of using communication technologies in care provision on those with poor access to and capabilities with using these technologies is required. Unpaid carers need more information and resources to support the care they provide and to facilitate access to appropriate social and health care services for those they care for.

An era of brain-computer interface: BCI migration into space

Brain-computer interface's (BCI) potential applications increased tremendously over the past decade. The rising of this new technology is providing promising solutions in the field of aerospace and space exploration. As astronauts face diverse challenges in long-duration spaceflight, BCI can help astronauts deal with complicated tasks with a minimal mental workload. It may provide intelligent communication systems, maximize safety and security, facilitate space discovery missions, and enhance astronauts' overall health and wellbeing. In new ventures such as SpaceX, Starlink, and Neuralink, pioneers adopt futuristic strategies that use BCI as their main anchor. Such efforts are valuable in neuroscience as they will reveal information that will allow neuroscientists to deeper understand the brain's mechanisms.

Critical Interactions Between the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and the Human ACE2 Receptor.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects human cells by binding its spike (S) glycoproteins to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therapeutic approaches to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection are mostly focused on blocking S-ACE2 binding, but critical residues that stabilize this interaction are not well understood. By performing all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we identified an extended network of salt bridges, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonds between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S protein and ACE2. Mutagenesis of these residues on the RBD was not sufficient to destabilize binding but reduced the average work to unbind the S protein from ACE2. In particular, the hydrophobic end of RBD serves as the main anchor site and is the last to unbind from ACE2 under force. We propose that blocking the hydrophobic surface of RBD via neutralizing antibodies could prove to be an effective strategy to inhibit S-ACE2 interactions.

Silver Nanoparticle-Anchored Human Hair Kerateine/PEO/PVA Nanofibers for Antibacterial Application and Cell Proliferation.

The main core of wound treatment is cell growth and anti-infection. To accelerate the proliferation of fibroblasts in the wound and prevent wound infections, various strategies have been tried. It remains a challenge to obtain good cell proliferation and antibacterial effects. Here, human hair kerateine (HHK)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers were prepared using cysteine-rich HHK, and then, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were in situ anchored in the sulfur-containing amino acid residues of HHK. After the ultrasonic degradation test, HHK/PEO/PVA nanofibrous mats treated with 0.005-M silver nitrate were selected due to their relatively complete structures. It was observed by TEM-EDS that the sulfur-containing amino acids in HHK were the main anchor points of AgNPs. The results of FTIR, XRD and the thermal analysis suggested that the hydrogen bonds between PEO and PVA were broken by HHK and, further, by AgNPs. AgNPs could act as a catalyst to promote the thermal degradation reaction of PVA, PEO and HHK, which was beneficial for silver recycling and medical waste treatment. The antibacterial properties of AgNP-HHK/PEO/PVA nanofibers were examined by the disk diffusion method, and it was observed that they had potential antibacterial capability against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. In addition, HHK in the nanofibrous mats significantly improved the cell proliferation of NIH3T3 cells. These results illustrated that the AgNP-HHK/PEO/PVA nanofibrous mats exhibited excellent antibacterial activity and the ability to promote the proliferation of fibroblasts, reaching our target applications.

Campus Operational Carbon Assessment Based on Low Carbon City Framework (LCCF)

Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) is Malaysia’s largest institution of higher learning (IHE). The university is based on 13 state campuses and 21 satellite campuses. The state of Selangor has the largest number of UiTM campuses, and the main anchor campus is located in the state capital, Shah Alam. As for UiTM which is committed to implement the low carbon cities framework program focusing on five GHG reduction elements through energy, mobility, waste, water; and greenery and water bodies. This study reveals the carbon operational assessment in UiTM campus located in Shah Alam, Selangor using city-based approach within the Low Carbon City Framework (LCCF) which are; urban environment, urban infrastructure, building criteria.

Four-pronged negative feedback of DSB machinery in meiotic DNA-break control in mice.

In most taxa, halving of chromosome numbers during meiosis requires that homologous chromosomes (homologues) pair and form crossovers. Crossovers emerge from the recombination-mediated repair of programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs are generated by SPO11, whose activity requires auxiliary protein complexes, called pre-DSB recombinosomes. To elucidate the spatiotemporal control of the DSB machinery, we focused on an essential SPO11 auxiliary protein, IHO1, which serves as the main anchor for pre-DSB recombinosomes on chromosome cores, called axes. We discovered that DSBs restrict the DSB machinery by at least four distinct pathways in mice. Firstly, by activating the DNA damage response (DDR) kinase ATM, DSBs restrict pre-DSB recombinosome numbers without affecting IHO1. Secondly, in their vicinity, DSBs trigger IHO1 depletion mainly by another DDR kinase, ATR. Thirdly, DSBs enable homologue synapsis, which promotes the depletion of IHO1 and pre-DSB recombinosomes from synapsed axes. Finally, DSBs and three DDR kinases, ATM, ATR and PRKDC, enable stage-specific depletion of IHO1 from all axes. We hypothesize that these four negative feedback pathways protect genome integrity by ensuring that DSBs form without excess, are well-distributed, and are restricted to genomic locations and prophase stages where DSBs are functional for promoting homologue pairing and crossover formation.

Beyond Classical Definition: The Non-definition of Gamification

Gamification is regularly defined as the use of game elements in non-gaming contexts. However, discussions in the context of the pedagogical value of gamification suggest controversies on various levels. While on the one hand, the potential is seen in the design of joyful learning environments, critics point out the pedagogical dangers or the problems related to optimizing working life. It becomes apparent that the assumptions guiding action on the subject matter of gamification in educational contexts differ, which leads to different derivations for pedagogical practice—but also allows for different perspectives on initially controversial positions. Being aware of these assumptions is the claim of a reflexive pedagogy. With regard to the pedagogical use of gamifying elements and their empirical investigation, there are three main anchor points to consider from a reflexive stance: (a) the high context-specificity of the teaching undertaken and (b) the (non-)visibility of the design elements and (c) the (non-)acceptance of the gamified elements by the students. We start by providing a discussion of the definitional discourse on what is understood as gamification leading to our argument for a non-definition of gamification. We describe the potential of this non-definition of gamification and exemplify its use in a gamified concept of teaching police recruits professional reflexivity. The concept features the narrative of a potential crime that has been undertaken and that students decide for themselves if they want to engage with it.

Anchoring effect in legal decision-making: A meta-analysis.

Objective: We conducted a meta-analysis to examine whether numeric decision-making in law is susceptible to the effect of (possibly arbitrary) values present in the decision contexts (anchoring effect) and to investigate which factors might moderate this effect. Hypotheses: We predicted that the presence of numeric anchors would bias legal decision-makers' judgment in the direction of the anchor value. We hypothesized that the effect size of anchoring would be moderated by several variables, which we grouped into three categories: methodological (type of stimuli; type of sample), psychological (standard vs. basic paradigm; anchor value; type of scale on which the participants assessed the target value), and legal (relevance of the anchor; type of the anchor; area of law to which the presented case belonged; presence of any salient numeric values other than the main anchor). Method: Twenty-nine studies (93 effect sizes; N = 8,549) met the inclusion criteria. We divided them into two groups, depending on whether they included a control group, and calculated the overall effect size using a random-effects Model with robust variance estimation. We assessed the influence of moderators using random effects metaregression. Results: The overall effect sizes of anchoring for studies with a control group (z = .27, 95% CI [.21, .33], d = .58, 95% CI [.44, .73]) and without a control group (z = .39, 95% CI [.31, .47], d = .91, 95% CI [.69, 1.12]) were both significant, although we provide some evidence of possible publication bias. We found preliminary evidence of a potential moderating effect of some legally relevant factors, such as legal expertise or the anchor relevance. Conclusions: Existing research indicates anchoring effects exist in legal contexts. The influence of anchors seems to depend on some situational factors, which paves the way for future research on countering the problematic effect in legal settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Peptide Binding to HLA-E Molecules in Humans, Nonhuman Primates, and Mice Reveals Unique Binding Peptides but Remarkably Conserved Anchor Residues.

Ag presentation via the nonclassical MHC class Ib molecule HLA-E, with nearly complete identity between the two alleles expressed in humans, HLA-E*01:01 and HLA-E*01:03, can lead to the activation of unconventional T cells in humans. Despite this virtual genetic monomorphism, differences in peptide repertoires binding to the two allelic variants have been reported. To further dissect and compare peptide binding to HLA-E*01:01 and HLA-E*01:03, we used an UV-mediated peptide exchange binding assay and an HPLC-based competition binding assay. In addition, we investigated binding of these same peptides to Mamu-E, the nonhuman primate homologue of human HLA-E, and to the HLA-E-like molecule Qa-1b in mice. We next exploited the differences and homologies in the peptide binding pockets of these four molecules to identify allele specific as well as common features of peptide binding motifs across species. Our results reveal differences in peptide binding preferences and intensities for each human HLA-E variant compared with Mamu-E and Qa-1b Using extended peptide libraries, we identified and refined the peptide binding motifs for each of the four molecules and found that they share main anchor positions, evidenced by conserved amino acid preferences across the four HLA-E molecules studied. In addition, we also identified differences in peptide binding motifs, which could explain the observed variations in peptide binding preferences and affinities for each of the four HLA-E-like molecules. Our results could help with guiding the selection of candidate pathogen-derived peptides with the capacity to target HLA-E-restricted T cells that could be mobilized in vaccination and immunotherapeutic strategies.

Relationship Between Competitive Strategies and Organization Performance in Manufacturing Sector in Kenya

The business environment that an organization operates in is not only dynamic and tumultuous butalso continually changing, sometimes at a mind-boggling pace. Turmoil connected with changing customer behaviour, globalization, investor demands, deregulation of markets, and increased competition are some of the market characteristics, and the study aim was to determine the relationship between competitive strategies and organization performance in the manufacturing sector in Kenya. The main anchor theory was the resource-based view, and it's reinforced by configuration theory and goal-setting theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a target population of 135 respondents. The study adopted the census method as the sampling technique. This research study used questionnaires as the main data collection tool. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics. Specifically, mean, averages, and percentages. The data analysis tools were simple tabulations and presentations of the report using spreadsheets and the use of SPSS version 24.0. This study used inferential statistics to show the relationship that exists between the study variables. Data were analysed using quantitative methods, and presentation of data was in the form of tables and figures. The inferential results on the effect of cost leadership strategy on organization performance show R = 0.632 indicating a strong positive correlation and R2 = 0.399 and there was a significant effect between Cost leadership strategy and organization performance (t = 8.668, p<0.05). The inferential results on the effect of Differentiation strategy on organization performance show R = 0.575 indicating a strong positive correlation and R2 = 0.331 and there was a significant effect between Differentiation strategy and organization performance (t = 7.480, p<0.05). The study further established that among the competitive strategies included in the study, cost leadership strategy had the most influence on performance and differentiation strategy also had a significant effect on performance. The research recommends the management of Megvel Cartons Limited ; should choose to adopt a cost leadership strategy and should put more emphasis on gaining competitive advantage by having the lowest cost in the sector.