Magnitude Of Magnetic Moment Research Articles

Variation in the relationship between odd isotopes of tin in mass-independent fractionation induced by the magnetic isotope effect

Experimental results are presented showing the variation in the relationship between odd isotopes of tin (Sn) in mass-independent fractionation caused by the magnetic isotope effect (MIE), which has previously only been observed for mercury. These results are consistent with the trend predicted from the difference between the magnitudes of nuclear magnetic moments of odd isotopes with a nuclear spin. However, the correlation between odd isotopes in fractionation induced by the MIE for the reaction system used in this study (solvent extraction using a crown ether) was different from that reported for the photochemical reaction of methyltin. This difference between the two reaction systems is consistent with a theoretical prediction that the correlation between odd isotopes in fractionation induced by the MIE is controlled by the relationship between the spin conversion time and radical lifetime. The characteristic changes in the correlation between odd isotopes in fractionation induced by the MIE observed for Sn in this study provide a guideline for quantitatively determining fractionation patterns caused by the MIE for elements that have multiple isotopes with a nuclear spin. These results improve our understanding of the potential impact of the MIE on mass-independent fractionation observed in natural samples, such as meteorites, and analytical artifacts of high-precision isotope analysis for heavy elements.

MoO3/MeMoO4 (Me = Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, and Cr) composites as materials for prospective optical and electrical applications

The composite MoO3/MeMoO4 (Me = Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn) ceramics were obtained by standard high-temperature sintering. Their structure was tested using XRD, SEM, EDS, and XPS. The occurrence of two phases was determined. The main MoO3 phase exhibited an orthorhombic Pnma space group related to the ceramic grain of micrometre size. The second phase was induced by doping with the Me atom. It showed various monoclinic structures and a smaller grain size. The XPS test confirmed the coexistence of the phases, which was reflected in several lines in the patterns. The valence band of the undoped MoO3 was located ∼3.3 eV below the Fermi level. An additional subband attributed to the Me 3d state was detected within the energy gap. The MoO3/MeMoO4 composites showed a valence band shifted toward the Fermi level and overlapped with the subband, originating from hybridized Mo 4d – Me 3d states. Magnetic susceptibility showed an antiferromagnetic state below ∼20 K for the Ni- and Fe-doped composites. The estimated magnetic moment magnitudes indicated the contribution from Me2+ and Me3+ ions that marked the occurrence of oxygen vacancies. Diffuse reflectance spectra exhibited anomalies in the Vis (∼500–650 nm) and the NIR (∼700–850 nm) ranges and tails in the ∼900–1000 nm range. The estimated magnitudes of energy gaps were attributed to defect-induced states. They corresponded to deduced oxygen vacancies (2.05–2.38 eV) and states or subbands induced by the introduced Me atoms (1.34–1.89 eV). Electric dc resistivity temperature dependence showed thermally activated dependence. The estimated activation energy varied from 0.27 eV to 0.58 eV, depending on the doping of the Me atom. The electric features were consistent with the electronic structure determined using XRD and XPS tests.

Defect effects on the electronic, valley, and magnetic properties of the two-dimensional ferrovalley material VSi2N4.

Due to their novel spin and valley properties, two-dimensional (2D) ferrovalley materials are expected to be promising candidates for next-generation spintronic and valleytronic devices. However, they are subject to various defects in practical applications. Therefore, the electronic, valley, and magnetic properties may be modified in the presence of the defects. In this work, utilizing first-principles calculations, we systematically studied the effects of defects on the electronic, valley, and magnetic properties of the 2D ferrovalley material VSi2N4. It has been found that C doping, O doping, and N vacancies result in the half-metallic feature, Si vacancies result in the metallic feature, and V vacancies result in a bipolar gapless semiconductor. These defect-induced electronic properties can be effectively tuned by changing defect concentration and layer thickness. Since the impurity bands do not affect the K and K' valleys, valley polarization is well maintained in O-doped and N-defective systems. Importantly, these defects play a crucial role in modifying the magnetic properties of the pristine VSi2N4, especially the magnitude of local magnetic moments and the magnetic anisotropy energy. Detailed analysis of the density of states demonstrates that the variations of the total magnetic moment and magnetic anisotropy energy with biaxial strain are determined by the electronic states near the Fermi level rather than the type of defect, which provides a new understanding of the effects of defects on the magnetic properties of 2D materials. Moreover, the layer thickness can affect the magnetic coupling between defects and surrounding V atoms. Our results offer insight into the electronic, valley, and magnetic properties of VSi2N4 in the presence of various point defects.

Unveiling the intricacies of attracting zones in magnetic binary systems: Investigating the impact of Yukawa correction

This study delves into the restricted three-body problem with a Yukawa correction to Newtonian gravitational forces, focusing on magnetic binary systems. We scrutinize the influence of Yukawa correction parameters (α, β) and the ratio of magnitude of magnetic moments (λ) on the system’s equilibrium points and their stability, zero-velocity curves. In our case, there exist of five and seven equilibrium points and all are found to be unstable for given range of parameters. Our examination extends to the basins of convergence and the existence of fractal under the influence of α and λ. Graphs drawn with the help of Wolfram Mathematica software vividly portray the parameter-driven evolution of equilibrium points, zero-velocity curves and basins of convergence. Furthermore, we explore the fractal characteristics within the basins of convergence, offering valuable insights into the complex dynamics of magnetic binary systems with Yukawa correction.

Chaotic dynamics from coupled magnetic monodomain and Josephson current.

The ordinary (superconductor-insulator-superconductor) Josephson junction cannot exhibit chaos in the absence of an external ac drive, whereas in the superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor Josephson junction, known as the φ_{0} junction, the magnetic layer effectively provides two extra degrees of freedom that can facilitate chaotic dynamics in the resulting four-dimensional autonomous system. In this work, we use the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert model for the magnetic moment of the ferromagnetic weak link, while the Josephson junction is described by the resistively capacitively shunted-junction model. We study the chaotic dynamics of the system for parameters surrounding the ferromagnetic resonance region, i.e., for which the Josephson frequency is reasonably close to the ferromagnetic frequency. We show that, due to the conservation of magnetic moment magnitude, two of the numerically computed full spectrum Lyapunov characteristic exponents are trivially zero. One-parameter bifurcation diagrams are used to investigate various transitions that occur between quasiperiodic, chaotic, and regular regions as the dc-bias current through the junction, I, is varied. We also compute two-dimensional bifurcation diagrams, which are similar to traditional isospike diagrams, to display the different periodicities and synchronization properties in the I-G parameter space, where G is the ratio between the Josephson energy and the magnetic anisotropy energy. We find that as I is reduced the onset of chaos occurs shortly before the transition to the superconducting state. This onset of chaos is signaled by a rapid rise in supercurrent (I_{S}⟶I) which corresponds, dynamically, to increasing anharmonicity in phase rotations of the junction.

Generalized universal equation of states for magnetic materials: A novel formulation for an interatomic potential in Fe

The development of quantitative models for understanding physical properties of alloys requires a proper treatment of magnetic interactions, which is of paramount importance for the microstructural stability, especially in steels and high-entropy alloys containing magnetic elements. These magnetic interactions also control the defects behavior which affects the mechanical properties and the response under irradiation. Current interatomic potentials for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations still lack an adequate formulation to include magnetism into the simulations. In this paper, the universal equation of states (UES) is revisited and generalized by including ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) configurations with the aim of proposing a new formulation to develop interatomic potentials with magnetic contribution. For the case of Fe, given a fixed magnetic configuration and magnitude of the magnetic moment, the energy of the system is calculated by means of three parameters, namely, the energy, volume, and corresponding scaling volume (directly related to the bulk modulus) at the local ground state of the corresponding lattice. These parameters depend on three terms: firstly, a distance-dependent function, which gathers the nonmagnetic influence of the surrounding atoms; secondly, a magnetically dependent function, contributing to the energy by means of the magnetic nature of the atom, irrespective of the magnetic moment magnitudes of its surrounding atoms; and finally, a term which is magnetically and distance dependent simultaneously, which describes the influence of the magnetic state of the surrounding atoms on the energy considering their interatomic distance. This latter term is built via two functions which cannot be disconnected: one dependent on the distance between two atoms (a decreasing function with the distance in absolute value) multiplied by another function which is dependent on the magnetic moment of these two atoms. In this way, the magnetic influence of a distant atom scales with its distance. The new formulation is tested for magnetic iron, where 18 240 spin polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculated energies for different lattices, volumes, and magnetic moments in FM and AFM configurations showed that the generalized UES (GUES) accurately describes the energy of the system. The root-mean-square error of the GUES is in the range of $5.9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ over all DFT calculated energies, showing good accuracy and allowing us to propose a formulation for developing a magnetic interatomic potential (MIP) in Fe. The potential is developed for FM configuration in iron, aiming at studying the stability of the ferritic and austenitic phases but also defects and other configurations of special relevance as, for instance, in irradiation conditions for fusion or fission applications. The distance and magnetic functions of the GUES are tabulated to obtain a MIP, which describes the DFT calculated energies for different lattices, volumes, and magnetic moments in FM configuration. Further, the MIP has been validated in other crystal lattices (A15 and C15), elastic constants, stresses in the lattice, vacancies, interstitials, forces at different temperatures, transformation paths between body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic, hexagonal close-packed, and simple cubic structures as well as $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ surfaces. We conclude that the results in this paper pave the way to develop MIPs with accuracy and predictability beyond the state of the art in MD.

Pressure-Induced Increase of the Total Magnetic Moment in Ferrimagnetic Ni<sub>1.9375</sub>Mn<sub>1.5625</sub>Sn<sub>0.5</sub> Martensite: A Quantum-Mechanical Study

We have performed an ab initio study of disordered ferrimagnetic Ni1.9375Mn1.5625Sn0.5 martensite. Employing the supercell approach combined with the special quasi-random structure concept for modeling of disordered states we have determined thermodynamic, magnetic, structural, elastic and vibrational properties of the studied material. Its atomic and magnetic configuration is found to exhibit a pressure-induced increase of the total magnetic moment, i.e. the total magnetic moment increases with decreasing volume. This peculiar trend is revealed despite of the fact that the magnitudes of local magnetic moments of atoms decrease (or stay constant) with decreasing volume. The origin of the identified phenomena may be related to (i) the ferrimagnetic nature of the magnetic state when the parallel and antiparallel magnetic moments nearly compensate each other and (ii) chemical disorder that leads to different local atomic environments and, consequently, also to different local magnetic moments and their different response to hydrostatic pressures (the antiparallel moments are more sensitive). The studied state is mechanically and dynamically stable (no imaginary-frequency phonons) but, regarding its thermodynamic stability, it is an excited state.

Green Function Treatment of the Barocaloric Effect in Mn3GaN

Following our previous work on the magnetocaloric compounds FeMnAsxP[Formula: see text], we obtain thermomagnetic properties for the barocaloric antiperovskite Mn3GaN, which has been investigated in recent years in view of its thermal response under pressure cycling. Its structure displays canting of spins and a volume dilation in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition, related to magnetoelastic coupling. A random-phase-approximation (RPA) Green function theoretical treatment is applied to a two-exchange parameter Heisenberg model, and the canting of the spins orientation in the (111) planes of the structure is considered in the model. The observed first-order AFM phase transitions are reproduced by the introduction of a biquadratic spin term in the Hamiltonian, coupled to the volume dilation in the transition. The model is able to predict a greater stability for the canted spin structure as compared with conventional AFM, if the magnitudes of Mn magnetic moments in these structures are taken from the literature. The calculations of quantities of interest for barocaloric applications reproduce quite well the available data on temperature changes and latent heat under pressure cycling, at adiabatic and isothermal conditions, respectively.

No observation of chiral flux current in the topological kagome metal CsV3Sb5

Compounds with kagome lattice usually host many exotic quantum states, including the quantum spin liquid, non-trivial topological Dirac bands and a strongly renormalized flat band, etc. Recently an interesting vanadium based kagome family $A$V$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ ($A$ = K, Rb, or Cs) was discovered, and these materials exhibit multiple interesting properties, including unconventional saddle-point driving charge density wave (CDW) state, superconductivity, etc. Furthermore, some experiments show anomalous Hall effect which inspires that there might be some chiral flux current states. Here we report scanning tunneling measurements by using spin-polarized tips. Although we have observed clearly the $2a_0\times2a_0$ CDW and $4a_0$ stripe orders, the well-designed experiments with refined spin-polarized tips do not reveal any trace of the chiral flux current phase in CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ within the limits of experimental accuracy. No observation of the local magnetic moment in our experiments may put an upper bound constraint on the magnitude of magnetic moments induced by the possible chiral loop current which has a time-reversal symmetry breaking along $c$-axis in CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$.

Bessel function descriptions of magneto-chiral interactions (DMI)-magnetic and spin flexoelectric skyrmions

In this work we present an exact Bessel function solution to the variation equations for a ground state of the chiral Hamiltonians in the continuum limit for cylindrical symmetry. The solution imposes no constraints on the magnetic spin moment magnitude. The formulation is consistent with the generalized view of U. K. Roessler et al. Nature 442, 797–801 (2006) that both the magnetic moment amplitude and magnetic stiffness ratio are micromagnetic properties and variations in amplitude may be allowed. With the exact solutions, we reveal that the added stabilization energy of the 2D skyrmion relative to the 1D solution is the result of the cylindrical symmetry rather than specifics of the chiral interactions. The methods can be employed to understand Bloch type magnetic spin textures observed in MnSi and FeGe and Néel type magnetization textures in antiferromagnetic dielectrics and ferrimagnetic thin sheets with the application of an electric field.

The electronic and magnetic properties of diamond with substitutional germanium modulated by vacancies and charge states

The roles of introducing vacancies and charge states for the electronic and magnetic properties of diamond with substitutional germanium (GeC) are studied by first-principles calculations. When the vacancies and charge states are introduced in GeC, the electron spin density of Ge-vacancy (GeV) and Ge-divacancy (GeV2) complexes is redistributed. Furthermore, the distribution of defect energy levels related spin-splitting in the bandgap are further affected for charged (negative and neutral) GeV and GeV2. It reveals that the introduction of vacancies and charge states play important roles in modulating the magnitude of magnetic moments, the magnetic properties and the distribution of defect energy levels.

Evolution of the Curie temperature for a substituted Cantor alloy

Knowledge of the magnetic ordering temperature is one of the fundamental physical properties characterizing material behavior. Magnetism is not only related to the magnitude of magnetic moments within specific magnetic ordering, but it also influences other physical properties. In the present work, we determine magnetic ordering temperatures for high-entropy alloys (HEAs), with examples of the Al- and Mo-based Cantor alloy derivatives. Nowadays, HEAs represent a promising class of materials in the sense of mechanical engineering. Regarding the paramagnetic state of the well-known and well-explored Cantor alloy, we deal with its Mo and Al derivatives, which offer higher possible ordering temperatures. We discuss the differences between $p$-type and $d$-type substitution as well as their influence on the magnetic behavior. We determine the ordering temperatures based on the ab initio calculated magnetic exchange interactions in terms of the mean-field approximation, random-phase approximation, and Monte Carlo simulations. Based on the thorough description of magnetic pair exchange interactions, a particular composition's influence on the achieved critical temperatures is described.

Preferred Configuration and Detection Limits Estimation of Magnetic Gradient Tensor System

The magnetic gradient tensor system (MGTS) based on the fluxgate sensors array replaces partial differentials with the sensors reading difference to approximate the magnetic field gradient, but it introduces structural errors at the mean time. A good structure design with reasonable parameters can reduce structural errors and expand the theoretical detection range of the MGTS. From the analysis of the complete 18-uniaxial MGTS, five simplified structures of the MGTS were summarized, which include the plane cross, equilateral triangle, square, right-angle tetrahedron, and regular tetrahedron. The differential magnetic gradient tensor measurement matrixes of different structures were also provided, where we found the plane-cross structure produces the smallest structural error. Moreover, the theoretical detection limits expression of the MGTS to the magnetic dipole was derived. The detection limit boundary of the MGTS is related to the sensor’s accuracy, the array baseline distance, and the magnetization direction and magnetic moment magnitude of the source. In actual heading-line surveys, the magnetic moments of four typical small magnets were successfully estimated by the magnetic dipole positioning method, and the theoretical detection limits of the built plane-cross MGTS aiming at the four magnets were estimated. The results show that the estimation accuracy of the theoretical detection limits of MGTs is ±0.5 m.

Measurement of Far Field Magnetic Moment Vector of a Moving Ferromagnetic Object

In magnetic anomaly detection, it is a prerequisite to master the far-field magnetic moment vector information of the target. It is important to measure the magnetic moment of the target in target location, recognition and degaussing. In the paper, we proposed a method of measuring the magnetic moment vector of the target based on the total geomagnetic field. In this method, a sensor array with the scalar magnetometers was constructed and the quantitative factors of the magnetometer were analyzed. In order to eliminate the time-varying and uneven spatial distribution of geomagnetic total field, a double gradient algorithm was applied to magnetic moment measurement in this method. And a criterion function of determining the magnitude and direction of the target magnetic moment was defined. The proposed method was validated by the theoretical calculation and real experimental data. The results showed that the measured magnetic field data were qualitatively in good agreement with the theoretical curve. For the magnitude of magnetic moment, the average relative deviation was 5.1%. And the average relative deviation of inclination and declination of the moment were 3.2% and 2.5%, respectively. In addition, we attempted to separate the induced magnetic moment and the intrinsic magnetic moment of the target. The proposed method can be used as a reference for the target magnetic location and demagnetization.

Phase stability and magnetic properties in fcc Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni alloys from first-principles modeling

Systematic investigation of phase stability of the magnetic fcc Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni system---promising candidate structural materials to replace conventional austenitic steels---has been performed using a combination of spin-polarized density-functional theory, cluster expansion, and Monte Carlo simulations. The developed model was able to reproduce all known ground states (GSs) in the studied system and to predict new ones with strongly negative formation enthalpy---ternary ${\mathrm{CrMnNi}}_{2}$ and quaternary ${\mathrm{FeCr}}_{2}{\mathrm{MnNi}}_{4}$. Investigation of phase stability was done at 0 K and finite temperatures in the whole concentration range and allowed us to observe the important role of Ni and Mn. Ni is the only element in the system that increases the order-disorder transition (ODT) temperature, which means that the fcc alloys with decreased concentration of Ni will form solid solutions at lower temperatures. Analysis of the effect of the addition of Mn to Fe-Cr-Ni alloy confirms a general trend of statistical correlation between the averaged magnitude of magnetic moments and volume per atom found from the predicted stable structures in the quaternary system and underlying subsystems. This linear magneto-volume relationship trend is, however, weaker in Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni alloys in comparison with those in the Fe-Cr-Ni system. Furthermore, Ni and Mn form the most stable GS---$\text{L}{1}_{0}$-MnNi, which has one of the strongest tendencies to segregate in fcc Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni alloys evidenced by the strength of Mn-Ni short-range ordering (SRO). Mn-Ni SRO significantly increases ODT temperature in the vicinity of $\text{L}{1}_{0}$-MnNi and to the equiatomic region. The ODT of ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{18}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{27}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{27}{\mathrm{Ni}}_{28}$ alloy is found to be $1290\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}150$ K, which supports the experimental observation of the disordered solid solution structure in ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{18}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{27}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{27}{\mathrm{Ni}}_{28}$ alloy at higher temperatures.

Geometry, induced magnetism and modified electronic behaviors for magnetic atom adsorption on antimonene nanotubes.

Antimonene nanotubes, a class of important derivatives of the 2D counterpart (Sb monolayer), with transition metal (TM) atom adsorption were investigated systematically based on the first-principles calculations. For a stable geometry, the lengths of TM-Sb bonds on the tube surface strongly depend on their relative electronegativity. In particular, we find that the intrinsic magnetic moment magnitude of the TM atom plays a decisive role in inducing tube magnetism, and only TM atoms with a larger intrinsic magnetic moment (≥3.0 μB) can induce the magnetism for tubes. The strong interaction and coupling between the TM d-orbital and Sb p-orbital lead to variously favorable magnetic phases, such as the spin bipolar semiconductor and half-semiconductor, which is predicted to be stable beyond room temperature. In addition, the weakening or quenching of the magnetism for the adsorbed TM atom is intimately related to the expansion of the TM atom valence electron configuration and the charge transfer. Furthermore, the TM adsorption can also effectively regulate the tube carrier mobility to the difference of several orders of magnitude, and results in significant carrier polarity and spin polarity of mobility. A sensitive electric-magnetic coupling effect was also shown to cause continuous magnetic phase transition, providing more opportunity for obtaining magneto-electric materials.

Role of magnetism in the stability of the high-entropy alloy CoCrFeMnNi and its derivatives

Multiprincipal element alloys, called high-entropy alloys represent a promising group of materials. They possess unique mechanical or electrical properties, which provide a wide range of potential applications. In general, mechanical or electrical properties of a material are influenced by the magnetic behavior. Therefore, in our work, we are exploring magnetic behavior of so-called ``Cantor alloy'' CoCrFeMnNi and its molybdenum based derivatives. Mo alloys were studied not only to carefully describe their properties but also to probe the magnetic behavior of the parent alloy by adding a nonmagnetic element. Based on ab initio calculations using the TB-LMTO-ASA (tight-binding linear-muffin-tin-orbital atomic-sphere approximation) method within CPA (coherent-potential approximation), we have found the ground-state magnetic structures of a particular alloy. We deal with various magnetic structures including complex structures beyond the simple FM or DLM phases. We show the influence of the presence of a particular element on the magnetic properties. It includes, e.g., magnitudes of magnetic moments or preferred magnetic phases. The calculations were extended by studying the magnetic exchange interaction employing the Liechtenstein formula. We clearly show the contribution of each element to the magnetism as a function of the composition or crystal structure. We provide a thorough description of magnetic behavior in the mentioned compounds.

Tunable magnetism of a single-carbon vacancy in graphene

Creating a single-carbon vacancy introduces (quasi-)localized states for both σ and π electrons in graphene. Theoretically, interactions between the localized σ electrons and quasilocalized π electrons of a single-carbon vacancy in graphene are predicted to control its magnetism. However, experimentally confirming this prediction through manipulating the interactions remains an outstanding challenge. Here we report the manipulation of magnetism in the vicinity of an individual single-carbon vacancy in graphene by using a scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) tip. Our spin-polarized STM measurements, complemented by density functional theory calculations, indicate that the interactions between the localized σ and quasilocalized π electrons could split the π electrons into two states with opposite spins even when they are well above the Fermi level. Via the STM tip, we successfully manipulate both the magnitude and direction of magnetic moment of the π electrons with respect to that of the σ electrons. Three different magnetic states of the single-carbon vacancy, exhibiting magnetic moments of about 1.6 μB, 0.5 μB, and 0 μB respectively, are realized in our experiment.

Structural and Magnetic Investigations of Yb Substituted Y1-xYbxBaCo4O7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) Compound

Structural and magnetic behavior of a series of new cobaltite Y1-xYbxBaCo4O7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5), prepared using the conventional solid state reaction method have been investigated. Increasing Yb content leads to the increase in magnitude of magnetic moment and decreases the ferromagnetic transition (Tc) values. It is found that the predominant antiferromagnetic character of exchange interactions between cobalt ions, a ferromagnetic component, seemed to be strong enough to be detected still at room temperature. Our findings show that these materials exhibit ferromagnetic like transition at about Tc = 91 K, 80 K, 67 K, 55 K, 51 K and 45 K for composition x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively. We found that these materials exhibit spin-glass like state which dominates at low temperature.

X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and neutron diffraction measurements of the magnetic moment of titanium inSm(Fe0.8Co0.2)11Ti

The magnetic moment of titanium in $\mathrm{Sm}{({\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.8}{\mathrm{Co}}_{0.2})}_{11}\mathrm{Ti}$ was evaluated directly with x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, and magnitude of titanium's magnetic moment was identified with powder neutron Rietveld analysis. It was demonstrated experimentally that titanium in $\mathrm{Sm}{({\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.8}{\mathrm{Co}}_{0.2})}_{11}\mathrm{Ti}$ has a magnetic moment of about $1{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}}$, and that magnetic moment of titanium couples antiferromagnetically to those of the host elements (iron and cobalt) at room temperature. From first-principles calculation, the magnitude of titanium's magnetic moment could be explained by Friedel's concept of the virtual bound state and reverse spin extended to the neighboring iron sites.