Magnetic Measurements Research Articles

Tailoring Structural and Magnetic Properties: Cd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ Co-Doped Ni-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles via Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion

In this research work, we have incorporated paramagnetic Cu2+ and diamagnetic Cd2+ cations in spinel ferrites. By adjusting the concentrations of Cu and Cd, it is possible to achieve a balance between enhanced electrical conductivity, desired magnetic properties, and suitable structural characteristics for applications in high-frequency devices, magnetic sensors, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) suppression through a synergistic effect. The sol-gel auto-combustion method was employed to synthesize Cd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ co-doped Ni₀.₅Zn₀.₅₋ₓ₋ᵧCuₓCdᵧFe₂O₄ (x = y = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) ferrite nanoparticles. Structural, morphological-compositional, functional, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The XRD results confirmed the single-phase spinel structures with lattice constants increasing with higher dopant concentrations. The average crystallite sizes were found in the range of 38.14 - 42.68 nm and lattice constants in the range of 8.389 - 8.423 Å. Morphological analysis revealed agglomeration, consistent with the stoichiometric proportions during synthesis. There is a decreasing trend in nanograin sizes in the range of 40 to 73 nm with the concentration. FT-IR spectra verified the spinel structures through characteristic absorption bands around 600 cm⁻¹ and 400 cm⁻¹. Magnetic measurements indicated a decrease in saturation magnetization with increasing dopant levels indicating their potential use in electromagnetic wave absorption and magnetic memory devices.

Prostate volume on computed tomography correlates well with magnetic resonance imaging measurements and is reproducible across rater training levels.

Data are lacking for the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in measuring prostate size, which can streamline care and prevent invasive procedures. We evaluate agreement and intra/inter-observer variability in prostate sizing between CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) planimetry for a wide range of gland sizes. We retrospectively reviewed 700 patients who underwent MRI fusion biopsy at a single institution and identified 89 patients that had a CT within 2years of the MRI. Six reviewers from different training levels were categorized as student, resident, or attending and each measured prostate size on CT by the prolate ellipse method. Bland-Altman analysis determined the degree of agreement between CT and MRI. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was calculated for CT. Mean CT volume was higher than MRI volume in the < 60g group (51.5g vs. 44.5g, p = 0.004), but not in the ≥ 60g group (101g vs. 100g, p = 0.458). The bias for overestimation of prostate volume by CT was 4.1g across prostate volumes, but the proportional agreement between modalities improved with size. The Pearson correlation coefficient between CT/MRI and inter/intra-rater reliability for CT increased in the ≥ 60g vs. the < 60g group for all training levels. Our data show that there is greater clinical utility for prostate size estimation by CT than previously established, particularly for larger glands where accurate size estimation may influence therapeutic decisions. In larger glands, prostate size estimation by CT is also reproducible across various training levels.

Magnetic field measurement in a hybrid microwave optomechanical-magnetic coupled system

Magnetic field measurement in a hybrid microwave optomechanical-magnetic coupled system

A Tetranuclear copper(II) Complex with a Pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxamide Ligand: Structural and Magnetic Properties and In vitro Antiproliferative Activity Against Human Cancer Cells

AbstractA pentadentate diamide ligand, N,N′‐di(pyridine‐2‐yl)pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxamide (L1H2) and its tetranuclear Cu(II) complex [Cu4(L1)2(μ3‐OH)2(H2O)3(ClO4)](ClO4) ⋅ H2O are reported. X‐ray crystal structure of the complex reveals that it has an open‐book type architecture. Two central copper atoms are connected to each other by two hydroxo bridges. Each of these two hydroxo bridges also connects the two central copper atoms to one of the two terminal copper atoms. Variable temperature susceptibility measurements show that χMT decreases with the temperature, indicating a strong antiferromagnetic behavior. With the help of DFT calculations the magnetic data was analyzed using the spin Hamiltonian H=−2 J1S3 ⋅ S4 −2 J2(S3 ⋅ S1+ S3 ⋅ S2+ S4 ⋅ S1+ S4 ⋅ S2)−2 J3S1 ⋅ S2 (where subscripts 1 and 2 refer to the terminal copper atoms and 3 and 4 refer to the central copper atoms). The best fit was obtained with 2 J1=−322 cm−1, 2 J2=+34.8 cm−1, 2 J3=−8.8 cm−1 and g=2.18, indicating a δ‐type interaction between terminal copper atoms. The complex proves to be an avid binder of ct‐DNA, with apparent binding constant (Kapp) value estimated as 1.536×107 M−1. In vitro experiments indicate that the Cu(II) complex reduced the proliferation of HCT116 cells among other cell lines. This reduction of cell proliferation may be attributed to the enhancement of intracellular ROS, along with modulation and disruption of cell cycle associated proteins. SKC conceptualized the project, arranged funding and involved in overall coordination among collaborators, analyzing the data, and writing the paper. AM was involved in doing the experimental work on synthesis of the compounds, carrying out analytical and spectroscopic measurements, collecting X‐ray crystallographic data and DNA binding experiments. MS, SM and KDS were involved in study of anticancer activities of the complex. SS helped in refining X‐ray structure of the complex. MC did the magnetic measurements and analysis whereas AF did the DFT calculations.

Magnetic field measurement with temperature compensation based on fiber ring microwave photonic filter and Vernier effect

Magnetic field measurement with temperature compensation based on fiber ring microwave photonic filter and Vernier effect

Laser powder bed fusion of NbTi low-temperature superconductors

This study investigates the superconducting properties of additive manufactured in-situ NbTi alloy using laser powder bed fusion. Laser parameters were optimised for a maximum microstructural density and lowest Nb segregation fraction. These characters have been achieved at the sample built with an energy density of 3.33 J/mm2, where it shows a density value of 6.12 g/cm3, undissolved Nb fraction of 0.05 %, and randomly distributed equiaxed grains with an average size of 10–20 μm. Post-processing of the as-fabricated (AF) sample was explored as a route to collapse residual porosity and dissolve residual segregated Nb particles using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and heat treatment, respectively. HIPing resulted in a decrease of the undissolved Nb particle fraction to 0.035 %. Heat treatment at 1250 °C for 24 h, followed by aging at 400 °C for 2 h, was found to result in the complete dissolution of Nb particles and precipitation of the ɑ-Ti phase that works as pinning centres to increase the superconducting properties. The grain size increased in both post-processes to 400–500 μm. Electrical and magnetic properties were also measured for the AF, HIP and heat-treated samples. The thermal variation of electrical resistivity showed a critical temperature (Tc) range of 9.8–9.0 K, 9.6–9.1 K and 9.9–8.8 K for the AF, HIP, and heat-treated samples, respectively, which were close to the values obtained from magnetic measurements. The critical current density (Jc) was calculated using Bean’s model employing the magnetic hysteresis loops. The AF condition showed a negligible value of Jc (5 × 10−3 kA/mm2), which improved to 0.28 kA/mm2 and 2.65 kA/mm2 for the HIPed, heat treated conditions, respectively (at 4.2 K, 5 T). Mechanical tensile testing was performed for the heat-treated sample to ensure both mechanical and superconducting properties would achieve the required performance, where achieves ultimate tensile strength value of 930 MPa, with 8 % elongation.

Observation of Haldane magnetism in organically templated vanadium phosphate (enH2)0.5VPO4OH.

We prepared an organically templated magnet, (enH2)0.5VPO4OH (enH2 = diprotonated ethylenediamine), hydrothermally and characterized its crystal structure by powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and its physical properties by magnetization, specific heat and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and density functional theory calculations. (enH2)0.5VPO4OH consists of uniform chains of V3+ (d2, S = 1) ions and exhibits Haldane magnetism with spin gap Δ = 59.3 K from the magnetic susceptibility χ(T) at μ0H = 0.1 T, which is reduced to 48.4 K at μ0H = 9 T according to the 31P shift. The NMR data evidence the formation of a spin-glass state of unpaired S = 1/2 spins at TS-G ≈ 3 K and indicate that the Haldane S = 1 spin chain segments are much longer in the organically templated magnet (enH2)0.5VPO4OH than in the ammonium counterpart NH4VPO4OH. The single-ion anisotropy D and the interchain exchange J' in (enH2)0.5VPO4OH and NH4VPO4OH were estimated in density functional calculations to find them very weak compared to the intrachain exchange J.

Novel Cu(II) and Zn(II) Nanocomplexes Based on 5,6‐Diphenyl‐1,2,4‐Triazine: Preparation, Spectroscopic, TD‐DFT Calculations, Molecular Docking and Solvatochromic Studies

ABSTRACTThe reaction between 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde and 3‐hydrazino‐5,6‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐triazine produced a novel hydrazone ligand (DTHMN), which reacted with Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal ion in molar ratio 1:1, giving octahedral Cu(II)‐DTHMN and tetrahedral Zn(II)‐DTHMN nanosized complexes. The structural geometries have been elucidated on the basis of elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, electronic, and electron spin resonance spectra, and magnetic and molar conductance measurements as well as x‐ray diffraction and thermal analysis. TEM analysis showed that Zn(II)‐DTHMN complex has nano‐rode morphology shape. On the other hand, Cu(II)‐DTHMN has sphere shape within nanodomain. The DTHMN ligand exhibits ONN chelating sites through N‐triazine ring, azomethine nitrogen, and deprotonated OH group, forming the mononuclear metal complexes. The synthesized compounds showed a distinct solvatochromic behavior in different polar solvents. A bathochromic alteration is observed when moving from less to high polar solvents, indicating strong solute–solvent interactions accompanied by intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). The ground and excited state dipole moments of these compounds were determined experimentally by solvatochromic shift method using Bilot–Kawski, Lippert–Mataga, Bakhshiev, and Kawski–Chamma–Viallet functions and a microscopic Reichardt's solvent polarity parameter (ETN). The dipole moment is increased significantly upon excitation referring to stabilizing the excited species includes n–π* transition by polarity of solvent. The experimental results are generally consistent with those values obtained by B3LYP/GENECP method at 6‐311G(d,p) basis set for C, H, N, and O atoms and SDD (Stuttgart/Dresden) basis set for the metal atoms. The compounds were tested for antimicrobial efficiency against Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative bacteria, and fungus strain. Finally, molecular docking was used to study the interactions between donors (the current compounds) and receptors FabH–CoA complex (PDB code: 1HNJ).

Investigations of Metallurgical Differences in AISI 347 and Their Influence on Deformation and Transformation Behaviour and Resulting Fatigue Life

Due to variations in chemical composition and production processes, homonymous austenitic stainless steels can differ significantly regarding their initial microstructure, metastability, and thus, their fatigue behavior. Microstructural investigations and fatigue tests have been performed in order to evaluate this aspect. Three different batches and production forms of nominally one type of steel AISI 347 were investigated under monotonic tensile tests and cyclic loading under total strain and stress control in low and high cycle fatigue regimes, respectively. The deformation induced α’-martensite formation was investigated globally by means of in situ magnetic measurements and locally using optical light microscopy of color etching of micrographs. The investigation showed that the chemical composition and the different production processes influence the material behavior. In fatigue tests, a higher metastability and thus a higher level of deformation induced α’-martensite pronounced cyclic hardening, resulting in significantly greater endurable stresses in total strain-controlled tests and an increase in fatigue life in stress-controlled tests. For applications of non-destructive-testing, detailed knowledge of a component’s metastability is required. In less metastable batches and for lower stress levels, α’-martensite primarily formed at the plasticization zone of a crack. Furthermore, the formation and nucleation points of α’-martensite were highly dependent on grain size and the presence of δ-ferrite. This study provides valuable insights into the different material behavior of three different batches with the same designation, i.e., AISI 347, due to different manufacturing processes and differences in the chemical composition, metastability, and microstructure.

Osmium(III) Acetylacetonate and Its Missing Polymorph: A Magnetic and Structural Investigation.

Despite the potential for their application, the magnetic behavior of complexes containing 4d and 5d metal ions is underexplored, evidencing the need for benchmark multi-technique studies on simple molecules. We report here a structural and magnetic study on osmium(III) acetylacetonate [Os(acac)3]. X-ray single crystal diffraction did not allow us to determine the structure of the β-polymorph of [Os(acac)3]. The combined magnetic (dc magnetic measurements on powder and cantilever torque magnetometry on single crystal) and spectroscopic (electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR) characterization is here used to provide further evidence that its structure is indeed the one of the orthorhombic "missing polymorph", analogous to the ruthenium(III) derivative. Our study shows that all acetylacetonate complexes of the eighth group of the periodic table show dimorphism and are isomorphic. The EPR characterization allowed the experimental assessment of the easy axis nature of the ground doublet and the determination of the first hyperfine coupling in an osmium complex. Torque magnetometry, applied here for the first time on an osmium-based molecule, determined the orientation of the easy axis along the pseudo C3 axis of the complex. Ac magnetometric measurements revealed in-field slow relaxation of the magnetization further slowed by the suppression of dipolar fields via magnetic dilution in the isostructural gallium(III) analogue.

Isostructural Series of a Cyclometalated Iron Complex in Three Oxidation States.

An isostructural series of FeII, FeIII, and FeIV complexes [Fe(ImP)2]0/+/2+ utilizing the ImP 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(3-methyl-1-imidazol-2-ylidene) ligand, combining N-heterocyclic carbenes and cyclometalating functions, is presented. The strong donor motif stabilizes the high-valent FeIV oxidation state yet keeps the FeII oxidation state accessible from the parent FeIII compound. Chemical oxidation of [Fe(ImP)2]+ yields stable [FeIV(ImP)2]2+. In contrast, [FeII(ImP)2]0, obtained by reduction, is highly sensitive toward oxygen. Exhaustive ground state characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, Mössbauer spectroscopy, temperature-dependent magnetic measurements, a combination of X-ray absorption near edge structure and valence-to-core, as well as core-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy, complemented by detailed density functional theory (DFT) analysis, reveals that the three complexes [Fe(ImP)2]0/+/2+ can be unequivocally attributed to low-spin d6, d5, and d4 complexes. The excited state landscape of the FeII and FeIV complexes is characterized by short-lived 3MLCT and 3LMCT states, with lifetimes of 5.1 and 1.4 ps, respectively. In the FeII-compound, an energetically low-lying MC state leads to fast deactivation of the MLCT state. The distorted square-pyramidal state, where one carbene is dissociated, can not only relax into the ground state, but also into a singlet dissociated state. Its formation was investigated with time-dependent optical spectroscopy, while insights into its structure were gained by NMR spectroscopy.

Synthesis, structural characterization, thermal analysis and antimicrobial assay of Co (II) complexes derived from benzaldehyde N4-substituted thiosemicarbazone

Microwave assisted Co (II) complexes of N4 -Substituted thiosemicarbazone were synthesized (TSC-La-f) and characterized by UV-visible spectra, IR spectra, 1H and 13C NMR spectra, elemental analysis, TGA, magnetic measurements and molar conductance. On the basis of spectral data, magnetic moment and thermal analysis square planar geometry assigned to Co(II) complexes. The electrolytic nature of the complexes was confirmed by their moderately high molar conductance values. All the metal complexes were screened for antimicrobial assay. Among all the complexes (TSC-Le) showed more activity than other Co (II) complexes. From this study it was concluded that complexes are more potent bactericide and fungicide than their corresponding ligands. Keywords: Thiosemicarbazones, benzaldehyde, Co(II) complexes, antimicrobial activity.

High-pressure synthesis, structure and physical properties of two quasi-one-dimensional compounds Ba9Nb2.54Te15 and Ba9Ta1.89Te15

Two quasi-one-dimensional compounds Ba9Nb2.54Te15 and Ba9Ta1.89Te15 were synthesized under high pressure and high temperature conditions and systematically characterized by structural, transport and magnetic measurements. Both the two compounds crystallize into a hexagonal structure with the space group P-6c2 (No. 188). The structure consists of trimeric face-sharing octahedral Nb/TaTe6 chains separated by a large distance (>10 Å), thus presenting a strong one-dimensional crystal structure. The transport properties suggest that both the two compounds are semiconductors with a band gap ∼ 0.15 eV for Ba9Nb2.54Te15 and ∼ 0.22 eV for Ba9Ta1.89Te15. Magnetic properties characterization indicates that Ba9Nb2.54Te15 displays no long-range-order above 2 K, but with an effective moment μeff ∼ 1.8 μB/f.u., while Ba9Ta1.89Te15 exhibits a diamagnetic behavior. Our results demonstrate that, in the sequence of Ba9V3Te15, Ba9Nb2.54Te15 and Ba9Ta1.89Te15, the occupation in the transition metal sites decreases, the semiconducting band gap increases, and the magnetism changes from ferromagnetism to diamagnetism.

Freezing of short-range ordered antiferromagnetic clusters in the CrFeTi2O7system.

We report on the CrFeTi2O7(CFTO) system using a combination of x-ray diffraction, dc magnetization, ac susceptibility, specific heat and neutron diffraction measurements. CFTO is seen to crystallize in a monoclinic P21/a symmetry. It shows a glassy freezing at Tf ~ 22 K, characterized by the observation of bifurcation between ZFC and FC χ (T) curves, frequency dispersion across Tf in ac susceptibility, and follows Vogel-Fulcher and power law type critical dynamics, very slow relaxation of iso-thermal remanent magnetization with time and the absence of an anomaly in the temperature dependence of specific heat measurements. The microscopic neutron diffraction analysis of CFTO not only confirms the absence of long-range antiferromagnetic ordering but also exhibits diffuse scattering due to the presence of short-range ordered antiferromagnetically correlated spin clusters.&#xD.

Online MR-guided proton and ion beam radiotherapy: investigation of image quality

Objective.Magnetic resonance (MR) images free of artefacts are of pivotal importance for MR-guided ion radiotherapy. This study investigates MR image quality for simultaneous irradiation in an experimental setup using phantom imaging as well asin-vivoimaging. Observed artefacts are described within the study and their cause is investigated with the goal to find conclusions and solutions for potential future hybrid devices.Approach.An open MR scanner with a field strength of 0.25 T has been installed in front of an ion beamline. Simultaneous magnetic resonance imaging and irradiation using raster scanning were performed to analyze image quality in dedicated phantoms. Magnetic field measurements were performed to assist the explanation of observed artifacts. In addition,in-vivoimages were acquired by operating the magnets for beam scanning without transporting a beam.Main Results.The additional frequency component within the isocenter caused by the fringe field of the horizontal beam scanning magnet correlates with the amplitude and frequency of the scanning magnet steering and can cause ghosting artifacts in the images. These are amplified with high currents and fast operating of the scanning magnet. Applying a real-time capable pulse sequencein-vivorevealed no ghosting artifacts despite a continuously changing current pattern and a clinical treatment plan activation scheme, suggesting that the use of fast imaging is beneficial for the aim of creating high quality in-beam MR images. This result suggests, that the influence of the scanning magnets on the MR acquisition might be of negligible importance and does not need further measures like extensive magnetic shielding of the scanning magnets.Significance.Our study delimited artefacts observed in MR images acquired during simultaneous raster scanning ion beam irradiation. The application of a fast pulse sequence showed no image artefacts and holds the potential that online MR imaging in future hybrid devices might be feasible.

Elucidating correlation-driven insulating state in an effective spin - ½ antiferromagnet NdVO4.

The Jeff = ½ state: a result of interplay of strong electronic correlations (U) with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and crystal field splitting, offers a platform in the research of quantum materials. In this context, 4f rare-earth based materials offer a fertile playground. Here, strong experimental and theoretical evidences for a Jeff = ½ state is established in a 3D spin system NdVO4. Magnetic measurements show the signatures of a SOC driven Jeff = ½ state along with the presence of antiferromagnetic (AFM) interaction between Nd3+ moments, whereas, heat capacity reveals the presence of an AFM ordering around 0.8 K, within this state. An entropy of Rln2 (equivalent to J = ½) is released around 4 K which implies the presence of Jeff = ½ state at low temperatures. Total energy calculations within the DFT framework reflect the central role of SOC in driving the Nd3+ ions to host such a state with AFM correlations between them, which is in agreement with experimental results. Further, DFT + SOC calculations with and without the inclusion of U, points that electron-electron correlations give rise to the insulating state making NdVO4 a potential candidate for U-driven correlated Mott insulator.

Exploring the magnetic behavior of potassium-doped Cu0.5Tl0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3-xKxO10-δ (x=0, 1, 2.5, 3) superconductors

This study investigates the superconducting and magnetic behaviour of Potassium-doped Cu0.5Tl0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3-xKxO10-δ superconductors by varying potassium-concentrations (x = 0, 1, 2.5, 3). We have synthesized the samples by two-step solid-state-reaction method and explored their superconducting features by XRD analysis, SEM and resistivity measurements. Through a comprehensive exploration of magnetic measurements i.e magnetization versus magnetic field and temperature, we aim to elucidate the impact of potassium doping on the diamagnetic characteristics of these superconductors. The results reveal that by raising the doping concentration of potassium, the orthorhombic unit cell's axis lengths decresese. The onset of superconductivity and the magnitude of diamagnetism are also decreased. The magnetic behavior of these samples was studied by field cooled and zero field cooled from 2 to 300 K and taking the hysteresis loops at temperatures 2 to 60 K. In the doped samples, the suppression of current density is steeper with increase in temperature. Doped atoms boost the population of localized defects, which serve as pinning centers. This study will contribute valuable information to the understanding of the relationship between magnetic behavior and the superconducting nature of complex oxide materials.

Novel α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone complexes: synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial of properties investigation.

In this paper, eight novel α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone complexes were synthesized in search of new biologically active compounds, and characterized via organic elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of these complexes was examined against ten disease-causing pathogens: Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus ATCC9341, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228, Bacillus cereus RSKK863) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC27853, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC27853, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC51342, Salmonella typhi H NCTC9018394, Shigella dysenteria NCTC2966, Proteus vulgaris RSKK96026) and yeast (Candida albicans Y-1200-NIH). The results revealed that the α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone compounds showed potent activity. It was observed that all thiosemicarbazone complexes were more susceptible to Gram-negative strains based on the presence of an electron-withdrawing substituent (-Br/-Cl/-F). It was determined that thiosemicarbazone Cu2+complexes showed stronger antifungal effects.

Self-Assembled Lanthanide Phosphinate Square Grids (Ln = Er, Dy, and Tb): Dy4 Shows SMM/SMT and Tb4 SMT Behavior.

Tetranuclear [2 × 2] square-grid-like LnIII clusters have been synthesized by reacting LnCl3·6H2O salts with bis[α-hydroxy(p-bromophenyl)methyl]phosphinic acid [R2PO2H, where R = CH(OH)PhBr] and pivalic acid. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies show the formation of [Me4N]2[Ln4(μ2-η1:η1-PO2R2)8(η2-CO2But)4(μ4-CO3)] [Ln = Er (1), Dy (2), and Tb (3)]. Direct-current studies reveal significant ferromagnetic interactions between DyIII in 2 and TbIII in 3 and an antiferromagnetic interaction between ErIII in 1. Dynamic magnetic susceptibility measurements confirm a single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior in both 0 and 1200 Oe applied magnetic fields for 2. Complexes 2 and 3 show single molecular toroic (SMT) behavior with a mixed magnetic moment.

Bedside right ventricle quantification using three-dimensional echocardiography in children with congenital heart disease: A comparative study with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

BackgroundAccurate quantification of right ventricular (RV) volumes and function is crucial for the management of congenital heart diseases. AimsWe aimed to assess the feasibility and accuracy of bedside analysis using new RV quantification software from three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in children with or without congenital heart disease, and to compare measurements with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. MethodsWe included paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (106 patients) responsible for RV volume overload and a control group (30 patients). All patients underwent three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography using a Vivid E95 ultrasound system. RV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and RV ejection fraction were obtained using RV quantification software. Measurements were compared between RV quantification and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in 27 patients. ResultsBedside RV quantification analysis was feasible in 133 patients (97.8%). Manual contour adjustment was necessary in 126 patients (93%). The mean time of analysis was 62±42s. RV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were larger in the congenital heart disease group than the control group: median 85.0 (interquartile range 29.5) mL/m2 vs 55.0 (interquartile range 20.5) mL/m2 for RV end-diastolic volume and 42.5 (interquartile range 15.3) mL/m2 vs 29.0 (interquartile range 11.8) mL/m2 for RV end-systolic volume, respectively. Good agreement for RV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and RV ejection fraction was found between RV quantification and magnetic resonance imaging measurements. RV quantification software underestimated RV end-diastolic volume/body surface area by 3mL/m2 and RV ejection fraction by 2.1%, and overestimated RV end-systolic volume/body surface area by 0.2mL/m2. ConclusionsWe found good feasibility and accuracy of bedside RV quantification analysis from three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in children with or without congenital heart disease. RV quantification could be a reliable and non-invasive method for RV assessment in daily practice, facilitating appropriate management and follow-up care.