Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide Research Articles

Dual-signal amplified electrochemical aptasensor based on Au/MrGO and DNA nanospheres for ultra-sensitive detection of BPA without directly modified working electrode

Rapid and sensitive analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) is essential for preventing health risks to humans and animals. Hence, a signal-amplified electrochemical aptasensor without repetitive polishing and modification of working electrode was developed for BPA using Au-decorated magnetic reduced graphene oxide (Au/MrGO)-based recognition probe (RP) and DNA nanospheres (DNS)-based signal probe (SP) cooperative signal amplification. The DNS served as a signal molecule carrier and signal amplifier, while Au/MrGO acted as a signal amplifier and excellent medium for magnetic adsorption and separation. Moreover, utilizing the excellent magnetic properties of Au/MrGO eliminates the need for repetitive polishing and multi-step direct modification of the working electrode while ensuring that all detection processes take place in solution and that used Au/MrGO can be easily recycled. The proposed aptasensor exhibited not only good stability and selectivity, but also excellent sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 8.13 fg/mL (S/N = 3). The aptasensor's practicality was proven by spiking recovery tests on actual water samples and comparing the results with those detected by HPLC. The excellent sensitivity and selectivity make this aptasensor an alternative and promising avenue for rapid detection of BPA in environmental monitoring.

A Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application for High-Efficiency Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1.

(1) Background: Safety problems associated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination have always been a major threat to human health. Removing AFB1 through adsorption is considered an attractive remediation technique. (2) Methods: To produce an adsorbent with a high AFB1 adsorption efficiency, a magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4@rGO) was synthesized using one-step hydrothermal fabrication. Then, the adsorbent was characterized using a series of techniques, such as SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, VSM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis. Finally, the effects of this nanocomposite on the nutritional components of treated foods, such as vegetable oil and peanut milk, were also examined. (3) Results: The optimal synthesis conditions for Fe3O4@rGO were determined to be 200 °C for 6 h. The synthesis temperature significantly affected the adsorption properties of the prepared material due to its effect on the layered structure of graphene and the loading of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The results of various characterizations illustrated that the surface of Fe3O4@rGO had a two-dimensional layered nanostructure with many folds and that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were distributed uniformly on the surface of the composite material. Moreover, the results of isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses indicated that the adsorption of AFB1 by Fe3O4@rGO conformed to the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.64 mg·g-1; the rapid and efficient adsorption of AFB1 occurred mainly through chemical adsorption via a spontaneous endothermic process. When applied to treat vegetable oil and peanut milk, the prepared material minimized the loss of nutrients and thus preserved food quality. (4) Conclusions: The above findings reveal a promising adsorbent, Fe3O4@rGO, with favorable properties for AFB1 adsorption and potential for food safety applications.

Development of new magnetic nanocomposite designed by reduced graphene oxide aerogel and HKUST-1, and its catalytic application in the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline and 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives

In this study, new magnetic reduced graphene oxide aerogel/HKUST-1 nanocomposite was designed and synthesized given the transformation of graphene oxide sheets to three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide aerogel, the in-situ magnetization of aerogel substrate, and the in-situ formation of HKUST-1 particles. Apart from characterizing the chemistry and structure of the designed magnetic nanocomposite (FT-IR, EDX, ICP, FE-SEM, DLS, XRD, VSM, and TG analyses), its catalytic performance was evaluated in the one-pot synthesis of biologically active 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine and polyhydroquinoline derivatives. The combination of magnetized reduced graphene oxide aerogel and HKUST-1 in the form of a new heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst was accompanied by a high synergetic catalytic effect in the symmetric and unsymmetrical Hantzsch condensation reactions. Compared to previous research studies, the pharmaceutical 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine and polyhydroquinoline derivatives can be synthesized using a partial amount of this nanocatalyst with a high percentage of yields in a short reaction time.

Effect of rGO content on enhanced Photo-Fenton degradation of Venlafaxine using rGO encapsulated magnetic hexagonal FeTiO3 nanosheets

In this work, we synthesized magnetic reduced graphene oxide (rGO) encapsulated hexagonal FeTiO3 (FTO@rGO) nanosheets with rGO loading amount of 0, 1, 5 and 10 wt%, with a primary objective of efficiently degrading venlafaxine (VLF) through photo-Fenton processes across a wide pH range of 3–11. The inherent visible-light photocatalytic ability of ilmenite FeTiO3 (FTO) and catalytic activation of H2O2 by Fe sites during the photo-Fenton process were established. Through the strategic integration of rGO, all FTO@rGO catalysts show higher VLF degradation rate than FTO in photo-Fenton evolution experiments and the FTO@rGO catalysts with rGO loading amount of 5 wt% presents the highest VLF degradation rate (100 % VLF degradation at 90 min), which attributed to the accelerated migration of photo-generated electrons and the efficient Fe2+/Fe3+ cycle. Furthermore, the encapsulation of rGO significantly mitigated Fe leaching throughout the reaction pH range, directing H2O2 activation to occur at the FTO@rGO interface instead of in solution. Through a comprehensive analysis, we identified 47 intermediate products of VLF and deduced the degradation pathway based on 12 representative intermediates. The degradation process was primarily driven by hydroxyl radicals as the dominant reactive oxygen species, complemented by the contribution of superoxide radicals, photogenerated electrons, and holes during the FTO@rGO-catalyzed photo-Fenton process. This study not only expands the application of ilmenite in the realm of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) but also provides valuable insights for the future exploration and development of metal oxide/carbonaceous heterostructure catalysts.

Nanomaterial-amended anaerobic sludge digestion: Effect of pH as a game changer

Using nanomaterials as supplements in batch-fed anaerobic digestion (AD) has led to conflicting results in the literature, warranting the need for a standardized approach. Here, we investigate the role of pH in AD by performing batch biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays utilizing municipal sludge under two conditions: optimal initial pH (≈ 7.5) and elevated initial pH (≈ 9). We also examine the effects of synthesized nanomaterials, e.g., graphene oxide (GO), magnetite, magnetic GO, and magnetic reduced GO (MrGO), with different surface functionalities on BMP performance under these pH conditions. Our results show that the AD system is sensitive to pH, with the ultimate BMP reached much earlier at the neutral pH condition (20 days (d)) than at the elevated pH condition (45 d). Furthermore, the effects of nanomaterials on BMPs are pH-dependent, with MrGO improving the BMP rate by 56% on the onset of the plateau in the methane production graph at the neutral pH, while the BMP rate decreased by 14% at the same time scale at the elevated pH. Our findings demonstrate the need for standardized methods and highlight the importance of closely monitoring pH in future studies on nanomaterials-amended AD systems.

Electrochemical evaluation of magnetic reduced graphene oxide nanosheet‐modified glassy carbon electrode on dopamine electrochemical sensor for Parkinson's diagnostic application

AbstractBackgroundDopamine is an important catecholamine neurotransmitter that plays a critical function as a chemical messenger that aids in the signal transmission in the brain and other important places. Dopamine is known to play an important role in several neurological diseases such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease in which a key factor in the development of Parkinson's disease is abnormally lower levels of dopamine compared to normal levels. However, these methods are expensive, requires manual labor and resources, and demands large number of reagents and chemicals. Therefore, it is essential to develop dopamine detection methods that are less costly, more stable, and easier to perform.ObjectiveTo develop a magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) nanosheet‐modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the electrochemical detection of dopamine.MethodsMagnetic reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) nanosheet were prepared by the in situ coprecipitation of Fe3+ and Fe2+ in the GO solution. To prepare the MRGO nanosheet ink, 38 mg of MRGO nanosheet was mixed with 2 mg of acetylene black and 80 μL of Nafion solution (5%). The mixture was then mixed with 210 μL of deionized water and 210 μL of 2‐propanol and subjected to ultrasonication for 120 min using a sonicator to obtain a homogenous MRGO nanosheet ink. Furthermore, 3 μL of MRGO ink was dripped onto the surface of the GCE.ResultsMRGO consists of graphene layered tethered with the spherical Fe3O4. The oxygen‐based functional groups on the surface of MRGO could act as chemically active sites for the attachment of dopamine. The MRGO nanosheet has been proven to be an effective GCE modifier with a remarkable electroactive surface area of approximately 0.0104 cm2, demonstrating stable and sensitive electrochemical performance towards dopamine.ConclusionsThe MRGO nanosheets‐modified GCE presented a great potential as an electrocatalyst for dopamine detection, especially in the presence of interfering compounds like uric acid. By effectively discriminating dopamine and uric acid, MRGO nanosheets‐modified GCE have demonstrated a sensitive, stable, and specific electrochemical performance. This remarkable result underlines the immense potential of MRGO nanosheets‐modified GCE for real‐world applications, particularly in the medical field, where the ability to detect dopamine precisely and accurately is critical.

High-efficient adsorption for versatile adsorbates by elastic reduced graphene oxide/Fe3O4 magnetic aerogels mediated by carbon nanotubes

Fabrication of highly elastic three-dimensional aerogel adsorbents with outstanding adsorption capacities is a long pursuit for the treatment of industrial contaminated water. In this work, a magnetic reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Fe3O4/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aerogel material was constructed by the electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged GO and positively charged CNTs following a one-pot water bath treatment. The as-synthesized aerogel demonstrated high compressive stress (28.4 kPa) and lower density (24.11 mg/cm3) with exceptional adsorption capacities for versatile adsorbates which are attributed to CNTs and magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The effect of pH, initial concentration of adsorbates (dyes, Cd (ІІ) ions, organic solvents, and pump oil), content of CNTs and cyclic times on the adsorption capacities of the aerogel were investigated in detail. Furthermore, from simulation, the adsorption kinetics, and thermodynamics of the aerogel for adsorbates were more satisfied by endothermic quasi-second-order kinetic model with characteristic physical adsorption. Thus, the optimized rGO/Fe3O4/CNTs-10 aerogel adsorbent can be used as a powerful and versatile tool to deal with contaminated industrial or domestic wastewater.

Synthesis and characterization of Au-decorated graphene oxide nanocomposite for magneto-electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid gene

Fast and effective diagnosis is the first step in monitoring the current coronavirus 2 (CoV-2) pandemic. Herein, we establish a simple and sensitive electrochemical assay using magnetic nanocomposite and DNA sandwich probes to rapidly quantify the CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) gene down to the 0.37 fM level. This assay uses a pair of specific DNA probes. The capture probe is covalently conjugated to Au-decorated magnetic reduced graphene oxide (AMrGO) nanocomposite for efficiently capturing target RNA. In contrast, the detection probe is linked to peroxidase for signal amplification. The probes target the COV-2 gene, allowing for specific magnetic separation, enzymatic signal amplification, and subsequent generation of voltammetric current with a total assay time of 45 min. The developed biosensor has high selectivity and can discriminate non-specific gene sequences. Synthetic COV-2 N-gene can be detected efficiently in serum and saliva, while 1-bp mismatch gene yielded a low response. The performance of the genosensor was good in an extensive linear range of 5 aM–50 pM. For synthetic N-gene, we achieved the detection limit of 0.37, 0.33, and 0.19 fM in human saliva, urine, and serum. This simple, selective, and sensitive genosensor could have various genetics-based biosensing and diagnostic applications.

Magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite as dual-mode genosensor for ultrasensitive detection of oncogenic microRNA

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a noncoding RNA that controls cellular functions and gene expression. Several oncogenic miRNAs that aberrantly expressed in prostate cancer have the potential to be used as biomarkers. We designed multifunctional nanosheets that can capture, detect, and quantify miRNA 183-5p from prostate cancer cells with the aid of a disposable printed electrode and a portable potentiostat. Magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MrGO) has been used as the starting nanocomposite to analyze miRNA. Three cationic dyes—toluidine blue (TBO), thionine, and neutral red—were used to modify MrGO and evaluate its impact on the electron transfer rate. MrGO modified with TBO had the fastest conductivity and a large electrochemically active surface area. Two strategies were used to detect miRNA. One used peroxidase-labeled amplification and the other used TBO as the redox probe intercalating in the miRNA-capture probe duplex. The intercalator method reduced the complications of using peroxidase-labeled probes and exhibited superior performance. The limits of miRNA detection in human serum and urine were 3.73 and 0.86 aM, respectively, with a linear range from 0.1 nM to over 1 aM. The assay time of the intercalator method, including wash, was less than 16 min, and only one sample droplet (5 μL) was needed for analysis. We provided dual-mode genosensors for miRNA detection, which might be used for point-of-care testing. The incorporation of MrGO, screen-printed carbon electrodes, and portable potentiostat can accelerate biomarker detection, simplify analysis, and reduce the time and cost of analysis.

Poly(vinyl) Alcohol-Assisted Fabrication of Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogels and their Adsorption Performance for Cd(II) and Pb(II)

Poly(vinyl) Alcohol-Assisted Fabrication of Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogels and their Adsorption Performance for Cd(II) and Pb(II)

Iodine‐Functionalized Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide as an Efficient Nanocatalyst for Acetylation of Phenol, Alcohol, and Sugar Derivatives

AbstractHere in this study, a new iodine‐modified magnetic nanocomposite (I@rGO@CoFe2O4) has been described. FT‐IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, TGA, and VSM techniques confirm the construction of I@rGO@CoFe2O4 nanocomposite and show ferromagnetic properties with a significant magnetization saturation (35.9 emu g−1). A deep eutectic solvent (DES) potassium triiodide‐choline chloride (KI3 : ChCl) has been used as a reducing agent and for modification of magnetic graphene oxide sheets. In addition, the applicability of the nanocomposite has been well demonstrated for acetylation of some phenol, alcohol, and sugar derivatives in solvent‐free conditions at room temperature. Increasing catalytic activity, high selectivity, reducing environmental hazards, and reusing the catalyst without significantly reducing activity are among the advantages of this method.

An ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for bisphenol A based on aptamer-modified MrGO@AuNPs and ssDNA-functionalized AuNP@MBs synergistic amplification

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a harmful endocrine disruptor, sensitive and rapid quantification of BPA is highly desirable. In this work, a novel synergistic signal-amplifying electrochemical biosensor was developed for BPA detection by using a recognition probe (RP) constructed by BPA aptamer modified gold nanoparticles-loaded magnetic reduced graphene oxide (Aptamer-MrGO@AuNPs), and a signal probe (SP) constructed by BPA aptamer-complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) functionalized methylene blue (MB)-loaded gold nanoparticle (ssDNA-AuNP@MBs). The RP and SP can self-assemble to form a stable RP-SP complex through complementary base pairing. The current intensity of the biosensor correlates with the number of RP-SP complexes. In the presence of BPA, the BPA aptamer can capture BPA with high selectivity and affinity, form an RP-BPA complex and dissociate the RP-SP complex to release SP, resulting in a decrease in the current signal intensity of the biosensor. A single AuNP could be loaded with multiple BPA aptamers and MBs, which improves the recognition efficiency and enhances the signal intensity. Due to the magnetic properties of MrGO@AuNPs, the magnetic separation and adsorption of RP or RP-SP complex is very convenient, enabling all reaction processes to be carried out in solution, which not only improves the mass transfer efficiency, but also simplifies the operation. Under optimal conditions, the developed biosensor had a detection limit as low as 0.141 pg/mL and had been successfully applied to the detection of real environmental water samples. Therefore, the synergistic signal amplification strategy of RP and SP has potential value in the detection of trace pollutants in the water environment.

Excellent compound inhibitor of carboxymethyl chitosan/magnetic reduced graphene oxide for carbon steel in neutral chloride solution

As an efficient corrosion inhibitor in acidic medium, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) has a limited application in non-acidic medium, due to large consumption and high cost. In the study, magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) is first introduced into CMC inhibitors to enhance the corrosion inhibition. By optimizing, the best corrosion inhibition efficiency of compound inhibitor is attained as high as 91.78% for carbon steel Q235 in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, with the remarkably decreased amount of CMC from 800 mg L−1 to 40 mg L−1. Our work lays a good foundation for expanding the potential application of CMC and MRGO as non-acidic medium corrosion inhibitor.

Magnetic Graphene-Based Nanosheets with Pluronic F127-Chitosan Biopolymers Encapsulated α-Mangosteen Drugs for Breast Cancer Cells Therapy.

In this study, multifunctional chitosan-pluronic F127 with magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) nanocomposites were developed through the immobilization of chitosan and an amphiphilic polymer (pluronic F127) onto the MRGO. Physicochemical characterizations and in-vitro cytotoxicity of nanocomposites were investigated through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, particle size analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer, Raman spectroscopy and resazurin-based in-vitro cytotoxicity assay. FESEM observation shows that the magnetic nanoparticles could tethered on the surface of MRGO, promoting the magnetic properties of the nanocomposites. FTIR identification analysis revealed that the chitosan/pluronic F127 were successfully immobilized on the surface of MRGO. Furthermore, α-mangosteen, as a model of natural drug compound, was successfully encapsulated onto the chitosan/pluronic F127@MRGO nanocomposites. According to in-vitro cytotoxicity assay, α-mangosteen-loaded chitosan/pluronic F127@MRGO nanocomposites could significantly reduce the proliferation of human breast cancer (MFC-7) cells. Eventually, it would be anticipated that the novel α-mangosteen-loaded chitosan/pluronic F127@MRGO nanocomposites could be promoted as a new potential material for magnetically targeting and killing cancer cells.

Immobilized CotA Laccase for Efficient Recovery of HEAVY OIL

CotA laccase was successfully expressed from Pichia pastoris. Magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) nanocomposite was synthesized and functionalized with iminodiacetic acid (IDA-NH2), and then chelated with Cu2+ for effective immobilization with His-tagged CotA laccase. The Cu2+-chelated MRGO (MRGO-IDA-Cu2+) showed 175 mg/g-support adsorption capacity. The immobilization of CotA laccase with MRGO-IDA-Cu2+ nano-hybrid composite was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The use of nano-hybrid MRGO-IDA-Cu2+ composite to improve heavy oil recovery was investigated. The findings revealed that the interfacial tension between oil and water was reduced to ~ 90% of its original value, and the wettability was changed from the oil-wet state [θ = ∼ 115.2 − 124.5°] to the water-wet state [θ = ∼ 8.9 − 30.1°]. The increase of immobilized CotA laccase concentration and the ratio of nano-hybrid MRGO-IDA-Cu2+ composite decreases the value of interfacial tension (IFT) and contact angle (CA). The core-flooding studies revealed that the oil recovery process of 0.3 wt% nano-hybrid MRGO-IDA-Cu2+ composite was enhanced by 82.8%.Graphical

Magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MrGO) nanocomposites as nano carries for loading and transferring of 10-hydroxycamptothecin

10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) is a natural alkaloid which has strong antitumor activity by inhibiting the degradation of the cleaved DNA strand. As a rich plasma protein, human serum albumin is a medium for transporting of various drugs and endogenous compounds. Due to its high water dispensability and good biocompatibility, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is an eminent candidate for delivery of medicinal molecules. In cancer therapy, ferrosoferric oxide (Fe3O4) could be used to improve the therapeutic action and the imaging-guided delivery. In this work, Fe3O4 was anchored onto rGO nanosheets, and the formed Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposite showed efficient tumor targeting. The binding interaction between HCPT with HSA was investigated and the magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MrGO) had strong effect on the binding interaction. The comet assay results showed that MrGO had low toxicity, and the main binding forces between HCPT and HSA or HSA-HCPT were hydrogen bond and van der Waals force. In addition, it was found that the added MrGO greatly enhanced the binding of HCPT with HSA. The results offer some insight on the interaction between nanomaterials loaded with medicinal molecules and serum albumin at a molecular level.

Multifunctional magnetic C3N4-rGO adsorbent with high hydrophobicity and simulated solar light-driven photocatalytic activity for oil spill removal

In this study, magnetic reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based adsorbents with and without C3N4 (C3N4-Fe-rGO and Fe-rGO) were synthesized via a fast and simple thermal method with polyvinylidene fluoride as a polymer binder and were used for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of toluene as an aromatic compound in oil. The physical and chemical properties of prepared adsorbents were analysed by XRD, FESEM, FTIR, TEM, BET-BJH, TGA, WCA, VSM, DRS, PL, EDX, and RAMAN. The results showed higher intake of toluene on Fe-rGO (adsorption capacity 1.387 g/g) compared to C3N4-Fe-rGO (adsorption capacity 1.313 g/g), despite more hydrophobicity and higher selectivity of C3N4-Fe-rGO. Study on adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics of both samples indicated the highest agreement with Toth adsorption isotherm and quasi-first-order kinetic model. The results of TGA analysis showed better temperature resistance of the C3N4 containing adsorbent than Fe-rGO. BET analysis also illustrated the existence of slit-shaped meso pores for both adsorbents originating from 2D structure of rGO and C3N4. Considering optical properties, PL analysis indicated negligible electron-hole recombination rate in both samples. However, DRS analysis confirmed higher absorption of light and red shift to visible light region for C3N4-Fe-rGO. Regarding the sole photocatalysis rout, it was found that C3N4-Fe-rGO could degrade higher amounts of toluene (8%) compared to 0.7% of Fe-rGO. Scavenger tests finally were studied and superoxide and hydroxyl radicals were confirmed as the main reactive species in toluene photocatalytic degradation in this work.

A uniformly anchored zirconocene complex on magnetic reduced graphene oxide (rGO@Fe3O4/ZrCp2Cl x (x = 0, 1, 2)) as a novel and reusable nanocatalyst for synthesis of N-arylacetamides and reductive-acetylation of nitroarenes.

In this study, a crafted zirconocene complex on rGO@Fe3O4 as a novel magnetic nanocatalyst was synthesized and then characterized using FT-IR, SEM, EDX, VSM, ICP-OES, TGA, BET and MS analyses. Next, catalytic activity of the prepared nanocomposite rGO@Fe3O4/ZrCp2Clx (x = 0, 1, 2) towards successful reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to arylamines using N2H4·H2O (80%) was investigated. The examined nanocatalyst also showed perfect catalytic activity for reductive-acetylation of aromatic nitro compounds to the corresponding N-arylacetamides without isolation of the prepared in situ amines using the N2H4·H2O/Ac2O system. Furthermore, acetylation of the commercially available arylamines to the corresponding N-arylacetamides was carried out by acetic anhydride in the presence of the rGO@Fe3O4/ZrCp2Clx (x = 0, 1, 2) nanocomposite. All reactions were carried out in refluxing EtOH as a green solvent to afford the products in high yields. The obtained results exhibited that the nanocomposite of rGO@Fe3O4/ZrCp2Clx (x = 0, 1, 2) showed a great catalytic activity in comparison to rGO and rGO@Fe3O4 as the parent constituents. Recovery and reusability of rGO@Fe3O4/ZrCp2Clx (x = 0, 1, 2) were also examined for 8 consecutive cycles without significant loss of the catalytic activity. This establishes the sustainable anchoring of the zirconocene complex on the surface and mesopores of the rGO@Fe3O4 nanohybrid system.

From methylarenes to esters: efficient oxidative Csp3–H activation promoted by CuO decorated magnetic reduced graphene oxide

Magnetic reduced graphene oxide supported CuO: a robust heterogeneous catalyst for oxidative esterification of methylarenes.

The Use of High Capacity and Efficient Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite for the Reduction of Aflatoxin B1

The Use of High Capacity and Efficient Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite for the Reduction of Aflatoxin B1