Magnetic Properties Of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Research Articles

Green synthesis of quercetin-loaded magneto-liposomes and their assessment of antioxidant efficacy, hyperthermia and MRI contrast features

Recent years has drawn attention in the preparation of precise theragnostic agents to treat various types of cancers. The current study describes the green synthesis of quercetin encapsulated magneto-liposomes and their subsequent evaluation of anti-cancer efficacy. Punica granatum L peel extract as a stabilizer has been used for the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the resultant exhibited a magnetic susceptibility of 51 emu/g. Quercetin encapsulated magneto-liposomes obtained via thin film hydration technique displayed a spherical size ⁓ 100 nm. DPPH and TBARS assays used for the assessment of quercetin antioxidant behaviour revealed a concentration-dependent upsurge in scavenging activity and a concurrent reduction in lipid peroxidation. Magnetic hyperthermia studies revealed superior heating efficiency (∼57.2 ± 3.8 W/gFe) of the magneto-liposomes under a biologically safe exposure condition of the oscillating magnetic field. The magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been comprehensively examined through hyperthermia and in vitro magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. In vitro studies performed in MG-63 osteosarcoma cells indicated the reduced viability of cancer cells ∼45 % by the quercetin encapsulated magneto-liposomes. These nanocarriers also exhibited a very minimal cytotoxicity on non-cancerous HEK-293 cells. The results from the overall investigation unveiled the potential of quercetin encapsulated magneto-liposomes in cancer theranosis.

Streamlined Synthesis of Clopidogrel Utilizing Magnetically Recyclable Fe3O4 Nanoparticles through the Strecker Reaction

Aim: The study explores the use of magnetite nanoparticles for eco-friendly α-aminonitrile synthesis via the Strecker reaction, aiming to provide a more efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable method. Methods: The research involves an extensive exploration of magnetite nanoparticles, belonging to the inverse spinel group, as catalysts for the Strecker reaction. The magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles facilitate their easy removal from reaction masses using an external magnet, eliminating the need for conventional filtration or centrifugation methods. Trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) is utilized as a cyanide ion source, known for its efficiency and user-friendly characteristics, aiming to enhance the eco-friendliness of the synthesis. Results: Magnetite nanoparticles with FCC oxygen arrangement and Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions show potential applications in medical and organometallic chemistry. High saturation magnetization, low toxicity, and biocompatibility make them promising for drug delivery and MRI contrast agents. Conclusion: The research presents an environmentally friendly Strecker reaction method using Fe3O4 nanoparticles, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods for α-aminonitrile synthesis and demonstrating the potential of magnetite nanoparticles.

Structural, morphological and magnetic properties of fe3o4 nanoparticles by coprecipitation method

In recent years nanotechnology has had significant potential in different areas of social interest. In this present thesis work Synthesis Fe3O4 nanoparticles with various ratios of Ammonia solution by Co-Precipitation method and synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles analyzed by XRD , SEM, FTIR, and VSM for its Structural, Morphology and Magnetic properties. It has been found that the variations in ammonia solution have a significant effect on the size and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The prepared Fe3O4 nanoparticles show applications.

Modulating the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 NPs for high-performance supercapattery and EMI shielding applications

The objective of this article is to meticulously modulate the synthesis parameters of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) through solvothermal methodology, designed to augment their physicochemical characteristics to enable their application as a high-performance material for microwave electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and supercapattery. The microwave dielectric (εr'–jεr″) and magnetic (μr'–jμr″) value is approximately 10.8–j3.9 and 0.73–j0.5, respectively, for the 12-hour (h) synthesized Fe3O4 NPs. Moreover, the dielectric, magnetic, and crystalline characteristics of the 12 h synthesized Fe3O4 NPs exhibit superiority over other variants, resulting in a total electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMI SET) of 6.86 dB, which is significantly higher compared to the other samples. In addition, X-band microwave-absorbed materials are evaluated to use them for high-performance supercapattery applications. The 6, 12 and 24 h synthesized Fe3O4 NPs have high retention rates of 95.86, 98.78 and 97.87 % after 1000 cycles at 2 A·g−1 and better Cs values (119.28, 188.262 and 168.89C·g−1 at 2 A·g−1). The 12 h synthesized Fe3O4 NPs show superior power and energy density values for supercapattery performance. It also presents good Asymmetric supercapattery (ASC) Coulombic efficiency maintaining 89.71 % after 5000 cycles at 2 A·g−1. Specifically, introduce a novel two cell battery setup utilizing a Swagelok device. This innovative configuration comprises of Fe3O4 NPs exhibits exceptional storage stability, maintaining its integrity for several seconds (approximately 1–3 s).

Magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles having several different coatings

Magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles having several different coatings

Biohybrid Magnetically Driven Microrobots for Sustainable Removal of Micro/Nanoplastics from the Aquatic Environment

AbstractThe proliferation of micro/nanoplastics derived from the fragmentation of plastic waste released in the environment represents an increasingly alarming issue with adverse implications for aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Conventional approaches for mitigating such contamination are inadequate in removing plastic fragments with exceptionally tiny sizes. Therefore, it is highly urgent to develop efficient strategies to address the threats posed by micro/nanoplastics. Here, biohybrid microrobots, integrating the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, are investigated for the dynamic removal of micro/nanoplastics from various aquatic environments via high‐precision magnetic actuation and reliable electrostatic interactions. After the surface decoration with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, algae cells can achieve precise locomotion and wireless manipulation by regulating an external magnetic field. Taking advantage of this active movement, magnetic algae robots (MARs) display considerable capture and removal efficiencies for micro/nanoplastics in water with extensive application scenarios. The reusability of MARs is also investigated, proving great recyclable performance. The growth and cell viability experiments elucidate that the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles may result in hormesis stimulation of algae growth. Such recyclable microrobots with eco‐friendly and low‐cost characteristics offer an attractive strategy for sustainably tackling micro/nanoplastics pollution.

Influence of Heavy Ions on the Magnetic Properties of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

The effect of heavy ions on the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with d = 20–30 nm was studied. The magnetic properties were studied by vibrational magnetometry. It has been established that Fe3O4 nanoparticles have ferromagnetic properties under normal conditions and at room temperature. The value of the specific magnetic moment was determined: M = 33.4 emu/g. It has been established that under the influence of temperature, a decrease in the value of the specific magnetic moment in Fe3O4 nanoparticles is observed, at a temperature of TC = 655 K, a ferromagnet-paramergrite phase transition occurs, and the value M = 0 is obtained. As a result of the study, the values of the specific magnetic moment and Curie temperature in Fe3O4 nanoparticles irradiated with a stream of fast heavy 132Xe ions with an energy of 167 MeV at intensities of 4.14 × 1012 ion/cm2, 2.75 × 1013 ion/cm2 and 3.83 × 1014 ion/cm2. The mechanism of change of magnetic properties depending on radiation is determined.

Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Using Iron Sand as a Raw Material for Mercury Removal

Fe3O4 nanoparticles based iron sand from Maluku Utara have been successfully synthesized by co-precipitation methods with varying of the synthesis temperature by 50oC, 60oC and 70oC. The crystal structures and magnetic properties were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The XRD showed that the Fe3O4 samples have a single phase invers spinel cubic structure. The Crystalization of the temperature 70oC is better than 50oC and 60oC, with the intensity peak index of 311 of 42.688 a.u, whereas at the temperature of 60oC and 50 oC are 25.731 a.u and 22.719 a.u, respectively. There’s no increase in crystallite size with increasing synthesis temperature, with each sizes 23.047 nm, 24.043 nm and 16.041 nm respectively. The VSM showed that the Fe3O4 samplesare soft-ferrimagnetic. The Mr and Mmax are higher at 70oC than 60 oC and 50oC by 3,785 emu/gr 20,288 emu/gr (70oC), 2,432 emu/gr 14,713 emu/gr (60oC), 1.473 emu/gr 12.519 emu/gr (50oC). The coercivity Hc at 70oC and 60oC relatively identical at 0.011 T, whereas at 50oC Hc is 0.012 T. The nanoparticles that are synthesized at 700C are selected for mercury removal due to their stable crystallinity and good magnetic properties. The nanoparticles were able to remove mercury with an adsorption capacity 0,45 mg/g and easy to separate it from the solution.

Preparation and characterization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a hydrothermal process with propanediol as the solvent

Fe3O4 nanomaterials have received great attention in various technology fields. However, the limitations are Fe3O4 is easy to agglomerate and obtaining Fe3O4 nanoparticles of tunable magnetism and controllable size, and well-dispersed ability remains a challenge. In this study, a simple hydrothermal process with propanediol as the solvent was used to prepare Fe3O4 nanoparticles. In the optimization of preparation conditions, three key factors (hydrothermal temperature, hydrothermal time, and solvent volume) were optimized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results showed that the magnetism and the phase content of the prepared Fe3O4 were controllable during the optimization process. The optimum hydrothermal temperature was 170 °C, hydrothermal time was 18 h and solvent volume was 40 ml. The elemental composition, surface morphology, and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized. The prepared Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic properties and high crystallinity, with an average particle size of 20 nm, a specific surface area of 84.756 m2 g−1, a pore volume of 0.265 cm3 g−1, and saturation magnetization (Ms) of 129.38 emu g−1.

Multi-functional Fe3O4@HMPDA@G5-Au core-releasable satellite nano drug carriers for multimodal treatment of tumor cells

Combination therapy has become an effective strategy for tumor treatment, but the preparation of drug nanocarriers with the high requirements still lacked exploration. In this paper, hollow shell-layer mesoporous polydopamine (HMPDA) was constructed on Fe3O4 nanoparticles (the magnetic core), and small-sized G5-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the releasable satellite carriers for tumor deep treatment were modified on HMPDA surface, then the nucleus-satellite Fe3O4@HMPDA@G5-Au nano drug delivery carriers were obtained. The therapy drug could be loaded in the mesoporous structure of HMPDA and G5-Au nanoparticles, so the drug loading capacity was relatively large. The Fe3O4@HMPDA@G5-Au composite nano carriers also had good photothermal properties, because polydopamine (PDA) and AuNPs were both good photothermal agents. Combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and drug therapy could significantly enhance the ablation of tumor cells with minor side effects. In addition, the decomposition of H2O2 in the tumor site catalyzed by the AuNPs could also produce oxygen to alleviate tumor hypoxia. In addition, because of the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the Fe3O4@HMPDA@G5-Au nano drug delivery carriers also had magnetic targeting performance and could reach the specified position under the guidance of external magnetic field. The results showed that the average DOX loaded amount of the prepared carriers was 473.83 mg/g, the drug release rate in 24 h could achieve 61.3 %. The cytotoxicity test showed that the drug loaded carriers had a significant inhibitory effect on HepG2 cells. The drug-loaded core-satellite nanocarriers could play a good synergistic treatment effect on cancer under the multi effect synergy of PPT, drug therapy, magnetic targeting and pH-responsive drug release.

Preparation of Fe3O4/HAp nanoparticles from eggshells with highly adsorption capacity for methylene blue

Multifunctional materials have become one of the most interesting research subjects in recent years. Hydroxylapatite (HAp) coating on the surface of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles allow to obtain material with adsorbable and magnetic properties. This study aims to salvage recycled eggshell to successfully produce adsorbent nanoparticles and evaluate treatment ability of methylene blue (MB) dyes in water. The magnetic nanomaterial was synthesized by a simple and inexpensive method. The X-ray diffraction technique was employed to characterize the structure of nanoparticles. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique to determine the presence of functional groups and bonds in the molecule. The surface morphology of as-synthesized Fe3O4/HAp nanoparticles was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Fe3O4/HAp nanoparticles were evaluated by vibrating sample magnetometer technique. The typical synthesized-HAp were dispersed rod-like particles with about 10 nm in width and 50 nm in length, the other part of final material was dispersed in spherical shape and their magnetism was 16.2 emu.g-1. The adsorption of MB was conducted with 89.6% yield at pH 8.

Cytotoxicity of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Different Morphologies In Vitro

Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been widely used as drug carriers, but their toxicity is rarely reported. Herein, we compared the toxicity of novel Fe3O4 nanorings, nanotubes and conventional Fe3O4 nanospheres. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that the morphologies of Fe3O4 particles were annular, tubular or spherical. The magnetic property measurements demonstrated that saturation magnetization values of nanorings, nanotubes and nanospheres were 85.3, 90.1 and 74.8[Formula: see text]emu/g, respectively. In addition, the cytotoxic effects on the 264.7 mouse macrophages cells of Fe3O4 nanorings, nanotubes and nanospheres were determined by cck-8 test and TUNEL staining assay. Cell viability was slightly decreased on spherical Fe3O4 nanoparticles compared to annular and tubular Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

Programming "Atomic Substitution" in Alloy Colloidal Crystals Using DNA.

Although examples of colloidal crystal analogues to metal alloys have been reported, general routes for preparing 3D analogues to random substitutional alloys do not exist. Here, we use the programmability of DNA (length and sequence) to match nanoparticle component sizes, define parent lattice symmetry and substitutional order, and achieve faceted crystal habits. We synthesized substitutional alloy colloidal crystals with either ordered or random arrangements of two components (Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles) within an otherwise identical parent lattice and crystal habit, confirmed via scanning electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals information regarding composition and local order, while the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles can direct different structural outcomes for different alloys in an applied magnetic field. This work constitutes a platform for independently defining substitution within multicomponent colloidal crystals, a capability that will expand the scope of functional materials that can be realized through programmable assembly.

Effect of Fe-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- nanoparticle concentration on the luminescence of AgInS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-/ZnS in hybrid complex CaCO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--Fe-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-@AgInS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-/ZnS

In this paper, we studied the properties of a multifunctional system, in which the luminescent and magnetic properties are combined. The calcium carbonate microspheres are used as porous matrices for complexes combining luminescence properties of AgInS2/ZnS quantum dots and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The study investigates the effect of magnetic nanoparticles concentration on optical properties of quantum dots in CaCO3-Fe3O4@AgInS2/ZnS complexes. It is shown that applying calcium carbonate microspheres as a matrix permits to reduce quenching of the quantum dots luminescence. Keywords: hybrid system; ternary quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, iron oxide; calcium carbonate microspheres.

Rare-Earth Doped Iron Oxide Nanostructures for Cancer Theranostics: Magnetic Hyperthermia and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been extensively investigated during the last couple of decades because of their potential applications across various disciplines ranging from spintronics to nanotheranostics. However, pure iron oxide nanoparticles cannot meet the requirement for practical applications. Doping is considered as one of the most prominent and simplest techniques to achieve optimized multifunctional properties in nanomaterials. Doped iron oxides, particularly, rare-earth (RE) doped nanostructures have shown much-improved performance for a wide range of biomedical applications, including magnetic hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), compared to pure iron oxide. Extensive investigations have revealed that bigger-sized RE ions possessing high magnetic moment and strong spin-orbit coupling can serve as promising dopants to significantly regulate the properties of iron oxides for advanced biomedical applications. This review provides a detailed investigation on the role of RE ions as primary dopants for engineering the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles to carefully introspect and correlate their impact on cancer theranostics with a special focus on magnetic hyperthermia and MRI. In addition, prospects for achieving high-performance magnetic hyperthermia and MRI are thoroughly discussed. Finally, suggestions on future work in these two areas are also proposed.

Electrospinning synthesis of Fe3O4/Eu(DBM)3phen/PVP multifunctional microfibers and their structure, luminescent and magnetic properties

Multifunctional Fe3O4/Eu(DBM)3phen/PVP ((DBM: dibenzoylmethane, phen: 1,10-phenanthroline, PVP: polyvinyl pyrrolidone) microfibers were constructed by simple electrospinning process. The structure and morphology of the microfibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The diameters of pure PVP microfibers and the microfibers doped only with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were uniformly distributed, with an average diameter of about 360 nm. When 3% Eu(DBM)3phen complex and Fe3O4 NPs were both added to the precursor for electrospinning, the microfibers became very inhomogeneous in diameter. The photoluminescent properties of pure Eu(DBM)3phen complex and composite microfibers were also studied. The characteristic emission peaks of Eu3+ appeared in the composite microfibers. The intensities of emission and excitation spectra gradually decrease with adding more Fe3O4 NPs. The unit mass of the pure europium complex in some composite microfibers gave stronger luminescence than the pure europium complex. The fluorescence lifetime of 5D0 state in the composite microfibers is longer than that of pure europium complex. Additionally, the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 NPs and the composite microfibers were investigated. The saturation magnetization of the composite microfibers was smaller than that of pure Fe3O4 NPs.

Effect of Fe-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- nanoparticle concentration on the luminescence of AgInS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-/ZnS in hybrid complex CaCO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--Fe-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-@AgInS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-/ZnS-=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-

In this paper, we studied the properties of a multifunctional system, in which the luminescent and magnetic properties are combined. The calcium carbonate microspheres are used as porous matrices for complexes combining luminescence properties of AgInS2/ZnS quantum dots and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The study investigates the effect of magnetic nanoparticles concentration on optical properties of quantum dots in CaCO3-Fe3O4@AgInS2/ZnS complexes. It is shown that applying calcium carbonate microspheres as a matrix permits to reduce quenching of the quantum dots luminescence. Keywords: hybrid system; ternary quantum dots; magnetic nanoparticles; iron oxide; calcium carbonate microspheres.

Multiscale simulations of the hydration shells surrounding spherical Fe3O4 nanoparticles and effect on magnetic properties.

Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are excellent systems in catalysis and in nanomedicine, where they are mostly immersed in aqueous media. Even though the NP solvation by water is expected to play an active role, the detailed structural insight at the nanostructure oxide/water interface is still missing. Here, based on our previous efforts to obtain accurate models of dehydrated Fe3O4 NPs and of their magnetic properties and through multiscale molecular dynamics simulations combining the density functional tight binding method and force field, we unravel the atomistic details of the short range (chemical) and long range (physical) interfacial effects when magnetite nanoparticles are immersed in water. The influence of the first hydration shell on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 NPs is revealed by high-level hybrid density functional calculations. Hydrated Fe3O4 NPs possess larger magnetic moment than dehydrated ones. This work bridges the large gap between experimental studies on solvated Fe3O4 NPs and theoretical investigations on flat Fe3O4 surfaces covered with water and paves the way for further study of Fe3O4 NPs in biological environments.

89Zr Labeled Fe3O4@TiO2 Nanoparticles: In Vitro Afffinities with Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells.

In this study, Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized as a new Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET/MRI) hybrid imaging agent and radiolabeled with 89Zr. In addition, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and radiolabeled with 89Zr. Df-Bz-NCS was used as bifunctional ligand. The nanoconjugates were characterized with transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Radiolabeling yields were 100%. Breast and prostate cancer cell affinities and cytotoxicity were determined using in vitro cell culture assays. The results demonstrated that Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles are promising for PET/MR imaging. Finally, unlike Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles showed a fluorescence spectrum at an excitation wavelength of 250 nm and an emission wavelength of 314 nm. Therefore, in addition to bearing the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles display fluorescence emission. This provides them with photodynamic therapy potential. Therefore multimodal treatment was performed with the combination of PDT and RT by using human prostate cancer cell line (PC3). The development of 89Zr-Df-Bz-NCS-Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles as a new multifunctional PET/MRI agent with photodynamic therapy and hyperthermia therapeutic ability would be very useful.

Synthesis and magnetic interaction on concentrated Fe3O4 nanoparticles obtained by the co-precipitation and hydrothermal chemical methods

In this work, a comparative study of the synthesis and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles obtained by the co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods with the adding of the sucrose as a chelating agent is reported. The analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that particles are spherical-like with an average particle size ranging of 3 ≤d≤ 10 nm. Magnetization measurements as a function of an applied magnetic field and temperature are consistent with a superparamagnetic behavior with small TB values. The analysis of the MvsH loops measured at T = 2 K and Zero-Field-Cooled and Field-Cooled (ZFC−FC) curves allows us to estimate the average diameter of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. These results are in good agreement with those obtained through X-ray diffraction (XRD) data (by using Scherrer equation and Williamson-Hall plot) and slightly smaller than those estimated using TEM images. Finally, ZFC−FC data are also used to evaluate the effective anisotropy constants, which are similar to those values found in literature considering the average sizes values estimated by different techniques.