Macrozoobenthos Species Research Articles

Macrozoobenthos community structure in the Sukabumi estuary, West Java

Abstract The estuary in the south of Sukabumi is an ecosystem rich in eel fishery resources. Currently, there are several human activities at this location which are expected to affect water quality. Therefore, a macrozoobenthic community structure analysis was carried out to determine the water quality at the estuary in the south of Sukabumi. The aim of this research is to determine the structure of macrozoobenthos communities in river estuaries in the south of Sukabumi. The research was conducted at river estuaries in the south of Sukabumi, including the Cimandiri, Ciletuh, Cibuni, and Cikaso river estuaries. The research was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022, which is the season for eels. The research results showed that there were 12 macrozoobenthos species which were classified into 4 classes (Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Chromadorea, and Polychaeta). The highest density occurred in Ciletuh estuary with a value of 147 ind/m2, while the lowest occurred in the Cimandiri estuary and the Cikaso estuary with a value of 63 ind/m2. The diversity index (H′) ranges from 0.92-2.50 at all stations, indicating the low to medium category. The uniformity index ranges between 0.91-1, classified as moderate to high, and the dominance index ranges between 0.184-0.556, classified as low to moderate. Based on this, it can be seen that there will be pollution at the river mouth in the south of Sukabumi but it will still be at a low to moderate level.

Unlocking rivers' hidden diversity and ecological status using DNA metabarcoding in Northwest Spain.

Rivers are crucial ecosystems supporting biodiversity and human well-being, yet they face increasing degradation globally. Traditional river biomonitoring methods based on morphological identification of macroinvertebrates present challenges in terms of taxonomic resolution and scalability. This study explores the application of DNA metabarcoding analysis in both bulk and environmental DNA (eDNA) samples for comprehensive assessment of macrozoobenthic biodiversity, detection of invasive and endangered species, and evaluation of river ecological status in northwestern Spain. DNA metabarcoding of homogenized bulk samples and water eDNA revealed a mean of 100 and 87 macrozoobenthos species per sample respectively. However, the specific composition was significantly different with only 27.3% of the total species being shared. It was not possible to identify all the OTUs to species level; only 17.43% and 49.4% of the OTUs generated could be identified to species level in the bulk and eDNA samples, respectively. Additionally, a total of 11 exotic species (two first records for the Iberian Peninsula and another three first records for Asturias region) and one endangered species were detected by molecular tools. Molecular methods showed significant correlations with morphological identification for EQR values (Ecological Quality Ratio) of IBMWP index, yet differences in inferred river ecological status were noted, with bulk samples tending to indicate higher status. Overall, DNA metabarcoding offers a promising approach for river biomonitoring, providing insights into biodiversity, invasive species, and ecological status within a single analysis. Further optimization and intercalibration are required for its implementation in routine biomonitoring programmes, but its scalability and multi-tasking capabilities position it as a valuable tool for integrated monitoring of river ecosystems.

Structure of the macrozoobenthos community in Buai River, Pulau Tengah, Keliling Danau District, Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province

Background: Buai River is a river located in the village of Jembatan Merah Pulau Tengah, Keliling Danau District, Kerinci Regency, Jambi. Sungai Buai with topographic conditions in the form of a hilly highland area, surrounded by mountains and dense forests so that it has a heterogeneous microhabitat and is still natural for macrozoobenthos. Therefore, a study was conducted on the presence and structure of macrozoobenthos in the Sungai Buai area of Central Island. This study aims to analyze the structure of the macrozoobenthos community based on the composition of the macrozoobenthos species, density, diversity, dominance and distribution of macrozoobenthos in the waters of the Buai River. This research is expected to provide information in the form of scientific data and knowledge about the structure of the macrozoobenthos community in the waters of the Buai River to be used as comparative data for future research. This research was conducted from January to February 2022. Method: The research method used is a quantitative descriptive method, which is to describe and evaluate a symptom or event that appears systematically. Determination of research stations is done by purposive sampling method, which is taken five stations based on environmental baseline. Data analysis was carried out by calculating the composition, macrozoobenthos density, Diversity Index, Dominance Index and Community Similarity Index between stations. Findings: The results showed that there were 5 classes, 11 orders, 26 families and 42 genera. Diversity values ranged from 1,4 to 2,45 which was classified as moderate, the dominance ranged from 0.1 to 0.45, and the similarity of the macrozoobenthic community in Sungai Buai 60.71% - 82.54% the similarity of the macrozoobenthos was relatively the same with little organic pollution. Conclusion: Based on the structure of the macrozoobenthos community in the Buai River, Central Island, it can be concluded that the Buai Pulau Tengah River, Keliling Danau District, Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province is still classified as very good. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study presents novel findings by revealing the structure of the macrozoobenthos community in a relatively undisturbed highland river surrounded by dense forests, which provide a unique heterogeneous microhabitat. It contributes original data on the species composition, density, diversity, and distribution of macrozoobenthos in this specific region, offering a baseline for future comparative studies.

Hubungan Kepadatan Gafrarium pecinatum dengan Kualitas Perairan di Perairan Pengudang dan Perairan Dompak, Tanjungpinang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau

This study aims to analyze the relationship between macrozoobenthos Gafrarium pecinatum density and water quality at two water stations determined based on the turbidity of the research location on Sunday, May 26, 2024 in Pengudang waters and Monday, May 27, 2024 in Dompak waters. Field data analysis was carried out in the Marine Biology laboratory of the Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries UMRAH. This study used a random sampling method with sample collection carried out at two predetermined research stations. The results showed that Gafrarium pecinatum is a macrozoobenthos species found in both research locations, with differences in the number of individuals between stations. Evaluation of water quality showed that most of the chemical and physical parameters were still within the established quality standard limits, but the temperature parameter at station 2 slightly exceeded the quality standard limits. Nonetheless, the water conditions at both sites can still be considered suitable to support the life of marine biota. Further monitoring is required to maintain the sustainability of the coastal ecosystem.

Macrozoobenthos Community Structure at Teluk Marunggai Beach, Nagari Sungai Nyalo, Pesisir Selatan District, West Sumatera Province

Teluk Marunggai Beach, Nagari Sungai Nyalo, is one of the new tourist areas in Pesisir Selatan Regency which, over time, will begin to be in demand by tourists, which will have an impact on the life of the biota on the beach, one of which is macrozoobenthos. This research was conducted in March 2023 in the Intertidal Zone of Teluk Marunggai Beach, Sungai Nyalo Village, Koto Ampek Tarusan District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to determine the type and abundance of macrozoobenthos species in the coastal waters of Marunggai Bay and to determine the diversity, uniformity, dominance and distribution patterns of macrozoobenthos in the coastal waters of Marunggai Bay. The research method used is the survey method, where the sampling using the quadrant transect method is carried out at three stations. The research results found 40 species of macrozoobenthos. The most common species found at all stations were Turbo cinereus from the Turbinidae family and the Gastropod class. The macrozoobenthos abundance values ​​obtained ranged from 6.44–6.67 ind/m2. Species diversity index values ​​ranged from 3.06–3.52, namely high. Uniformity index values ​​ranged from 3.02 to 3.14, high uniformity, dominance index values ​​ranged from 0.10 to 0.15; no species dominated, and the value of the distribution pattern ranged from 2.959 to 2.962 with a group distribution pattern

Identification and characteristic of microplastics in sediment and macrozoobenthos of upper Citarum River

Article about the microplastic content in The Citarum River as the most critical aquatic ecosystem in West Java Province. The research was conducted in 2020, during the pandemic situation. Citarum River is the most polluted water due to anthropogenic activities, such as industries, agriculture, and domestic. Monitoring the water quality of the Citarum River to emerging pollutants is becoming an important issue, since the vital role of Citarum River in supporting the livelihood. Microplastic pollution is one of the emerging pollutants, and this study aims to characterize the microplastic particles in sediments and macrozoobenthos found in the upper Citarum River and identify the source of their pollution source. The sediment and macrozoobenthos are samples using the grab sampling method. Microplastic identification is carried out by Fenton’s oxydation method. The result shows that macrozoobenthos species are only found at the Wangisagara sampling station, indicating that the Upper Citarum River is already polluted in some sampling locations, especially downstream. Microplastic particles are found in all sediment samples with an average microplastic concentration of 15.7 particles / 100 g of wet sediment. The highest concentration of microplastics is found at the Nanjung sampling station. The potential sources of microplastic pollution in the Upper Citarum River are the textile industry activities and the accumulation of plastic waste. The types of microplastic particles identified in the Upper Citarum River are fibers and fragments with a predominantly size of 1001 - 5000 µm

Species richness and status of Red List macrozoobenthos species at Ena Bay on the southern Miura Peninsula in comparison with 9 tidal flats located from Tokyo-Bay to the Kii Peninsula

Species richness and status of Red List macrozoobenthos species at Ena Bay on the southern Miura Peninsula in comparison with 9 tidal flats located from Tokyo-Bay to the Kii Peninsula

Macrozoobenthoc Diversity on The Mangrove Ecosystem in The Gosong Telaga Selatan Mangrove Ecotourism, Singkil Utara District, Aceh Singkil District

Macrozoobenthos is a group of organisms that live in or on the surface of bottom sediments and have a length of more than 1 mm. One of the macrozoobenthos habitats is the mangrove ecosystem in the Gosong Telaga Selatan Ecotourism Mangrove, North Singkil District, Aceh Singkil Regency. Knowledge that macrozoobenthos can provide food availability for other organisms and as an indication of the suitability of potential water quality, especially pollution indicators, and plays an important role in the decomposition process of organic material in sediment in the mangrove ecosystem, so that the macrozoobenthos community can be used as an indicator of the balance of the mangrove ecosystem. This research aims to identify the diversity, uniformity, and dominance of Macrozoobenthos in the Gosong Telaga Selatan Mangrove Ecotourism Area, North Singkil District, Aceh Singkil Regency. This research uses a combination of two transect methods, namely line transects and quadratic transects. Determining the research location used the purposive sampling technique. Data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative analysis. The research results show that there are 7 Macrozoobenthos species, consisting of 3 classes, with a total of 182 individuals. Macrozoobenthic diversity in the ecosystem area in the Gosong Telaga Selatan Mangrove Ecotourism, North Singkil District, Aceh Singkil Regency is classified as moderate with a diversity index of Ĥ= 1.35-1.75, the uniformity index is classified as stable, ranging between E= 0.76-0.93, and the dominance index is classified as low.

IDENTIFIKASI MAKROZOOBENTOS SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR KUALITAS PERAIRAN DI PANTAI TELUK BENOA, BADUNG

Utilization of coastal waters for aquaculture activities or for other activities provides positive value for human welfare but can also provide the potential for reducing water quality. The decline in environmental quality can be seen from changes in components such as biology, chemistry, and beach physics. Changes in chemical and physical components cause sediment to decrease, which will affect the life of marine biotas, such as the community structure, especially the slow-moving and relatively settled biota on the bottom of the waters (macrozoobenthos). Macrozoobenthos are very appropriate to be used as an indicator of changes in water quality due to their benthic nature which is relatively silent or has low mobility so it is strongly influenced by the environment. The purpose of the study was to determine the structure of the macrozoobenthos community and the condition of seawater quality. There were 25 species of gastropods and 3 other classes. The macrozoobenthos species diversity index on the Benoa Bay Coast showed a moderate level of diversity with the highest value of 2.4576. The uniformity index at each station ranges from 0.0894 – 0.5337. The value of the dominance index ranges between 0.000004-0.7656. Based on the relative abundance, the macrobenthos community is dominated by the Gastropod class. The temperature values ??at each station were relatively the same, ranging from 29.3°C– 30.8°C, and the pH was in accordance with quality standards for macrozoobenthos growth. Some indicators of water quality are still below the quality standard threshold, but the concentration of phosphate (PO4) at all locations is already above the predetermined quality standard of 0.015 mg/L?.
 Keyword: Macrozoobenthos; Bioindicator; Benoa Bay; Bali

Macrozoobenthos diversity and heavy metal contamination in Faunus ater in the Rasian and Asahan rivers in the southern coast of Aceh, Indonesia

Summary Macrozoobenthos is a sedentary aquatic biota and is often used as a bioindicator for assessing water conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the species diversity of the macrozoobenthos and to analyze the heavy metal contamination in Faunus ater in the Rasian and Asahan estuaries in Aceh Province, Indonesia. The sampling was carried out in July 2022 on a squared transect of 1 m × 1 m for the collection of macrozoobenthos samples at random locations. The results showed that there were 17 macrozoobenthos species from both locations, of which 14 species were found in the Rasian River estuary and seven species in the Asahan River estuary. The diversity index of macrozoobenthos was in a moderate category. Terebralia sulcata had a higher density in the Asahan River, while F. ater had a higher density in the Rasian River. The results of the heavy metal analysis in the F. ater sample showed that this macrozoobenthos was contaminated by mercury, cadmium, and lead, of which the concentration of mercury exceeded the threshold limit, and they are, therefore, not safe for consumption.

The Tendency of an Increase in the Abundance of Macrozoobenthos Species in Sevastopol Bay (Black Sea)

The Tendency of an Increase in the Abundance of Macrozoobenthos Species in Sevastopol Bay (Black Sea)

Tendency of an Increase in the Abundance of Macrozoobenthos Species in the Sevastopol Bay (Black Sea)

In the Sevastopol Bay, degradation of species composition and communities of the zoobenthos began to be shown in the 20's–30's years and has reached maximum demonstration in the 60s–90s years of the last century. Only five species of macrozoobenthos were the most resistant at high anthropogenous loadings and eutrophication in those years. The relative recovery of the species composition and the improvement of benthic biological parameters are observed in the bay since the beginning of the 21st century. The zoobenthos was replenished by 39 new species which here were not marked earlier. Mollusca, Crustacea and Polychaete, among taxonomic groups of zoobenthos, had the greatest quantity of new species. Registration of the zoobenthic animals even in areas, which were earlier as “dead zone”, indicates an improvement of habitat in the Bay. The reduction of the eutrophic level, the oxygen regime improvement and the area expansion with oxidizing conditions in bottom sediment were the major factors in improving benthic habitats in the Sevastopol Bay. These ecological changes coincided with increase of water temperature in the summer period. The positive tendencies for a zoobenthos are typical for the Romania, Bulgarian coasts in the last decade.

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MACROZOOBENTHOS AS BIOINDICATOR OF WATER QUALITY IN THE OGAN RIVER AROUND BATURAJA CITY

Macrozoobenthos has an important role in the waters. The river is one example of a water body where macrozoobenthos can be used as an indicator of water pollution. This study aims to calculate the community structure of macrozoobenthos and the water quality in the Ogan River around Baturaja City. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling method in 5 stations, in which each station had 5 sampling points determined based on differences in microhabitat, namely stonny, gravel, sandy, and litter conditions around the edge of vegetation. The results revealed that macrozoobenthos found in the Ogan River consisted of 6 classes (i.e., Bivalvia, Crustacea, Gastropods, Insecta, Oligochaeta, and Turbellaria), 12 orders, 21 families, and 30 genera. The density of macrozoobenthos species ranged from 598 to 1367 ind/m2. The diversity index value in the Ogan River around Baturaja City ranged from 1.117 to 2.22 with a moderate category. In addition, the community similarity index of the five stations reached ≥ 50%, except for stations III and V (44%). Seemingly that the macrozoobenthos community in the waters of the Ogan River around Baturaja City was relatively the same. Therefore, the community structure of the Ogan River around Baturaja City was relatively stable.

Development of transient habitat modeling for stream Macrozoobenthos

AbstractIn addition to the hydromorphological pressure on the ecological conditions of free‐flowing river courses, increasing water temperature is affecting the water bodies, particularly by changing freshwater community compositions. The low discharge of numerous European rivers in the dry and hot hydrological year 2022 proves this relevance. Therefore, ecological assessment tools such as habitat modeling should take these factors into account when assessing the quantity and quality of habitats. In this paper, the habitat modeling tool “Transient River Habitat Modeling for Macrozoobenthos” (TRiMM) is improved by incorporating a fuzzy logic approach and adding water temperature to the set of parameters determining habitat suitability for macrozoobenthos. Habitat‐relevant parameters, including hydromorphological factors (depth, velocity, mineral and organic substrate) and a water quality factor (temperature), are combined in the habitat model so that it can more broadly characterize river physical conditions and their interactions with biological indicators. Habitat modeling employed the mentioned parameters to simulate suitability for the macrozoobenthos in a small river in central Saxony, Germany. Due to its deteriorated condition, this river was selected as a representative for thousands of kilometers of small rivers across the region, which have been restored. The model simulated the status quo of river conditions from spring to summer for three macrozoobenthos species (Ancylus fluviatilis, Ephemera danica and Gammarus fossarum). The results showed that the natural flow resulted in dynamic habitat suitability both spatially and temporally, which differs for each species. Remarkably, the five‐parameter model (depth, velocity, temperature, mineral, and organic substrate) generally performed better compared to a similar model without temperature.

The dynamics of benthic invertebrates in different part of peat swamp forests converted to rice fields

The Indonesian government plans to turn Central Kalimantan province into a national food barn by planting rice paddies in several places, including in shallow peatlands. Tropical peatlands have limited potential to be used as agricultural land since the growing media in some cases, is not conducive to root development, saturated-water soil that poissons the plants. Aquatic invertebrates can be used as indicators to determine whether water quality in a field is safe for plants or not. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dynamics of benthic in different part of aquatic ecosystems on peat swamp forests. This study was conducted in Peat Techno Park (PTP) of the University of Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan. Samples were collected from 9 stations with different forms of land use for agricultural activities, namely unplowed paddy fields, plowed fields, swamps, connecting ditches, beje, natural peat swamp forests, breeding ponds, and irrigation ponds. Data were collected over 6 months and coincided with the peak of dry and wet seasons. The abundance and species of aquatic invertebrates were then analyzed some related physic-chemical parameters, such as depth, water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The results showed that the macrozoobenthos species found on this study was slightly rare. There was identified merely 3 genera, include in the two benthic groups, e.i. Annelida and insect. As to the insect, the dominant species was from the order of Diptera and family of Chironomidae, especially Chironomus. Spatially, stations 1 (unplowed rice fields), 2 (ploughed rice fields), 3 (peat swamp forest), 7 (cultivated ponds), and 9 (new beje) were particularly abundant. In this case, the conversion of peat swamp forests to rice fields and fish culture ponds will possibly promote greater diversity and abundance of macroinvertebrate communities.

Habitat Degradation and Study of Macrozoobenthos Conditions in Homogeneous Mangrove Ecosystems

Habitat degradation that occurs in the mangrove ecosystem will have an impact on the presence of associated biota found in the ecosystem, including macrozoobenthos. If it continues, it will threaten the sustainability of macrozoobenthos resources which are characterized by decreasing abundance and it is not even impossible that one day they will become extinct. The purpose of this research is to analyze the species composition of macrozoobenthos and to analyze the composition of mangrove species. This research was conducted in the mangrove ecosystem of Naga Permai Beach, Gampong Lhok and Gampong Pulo, Kuala Pesisir District, Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh Province in December 2021. The research method was quadrat sampling. The results showed that the macrozoobenthos species found consisted of 2 phylum, 3 classes, 7 families with 16 species

Diversity of fauna species in the mangrove ecosystem of Youtefa Bay Tourism Park, Papua, Indonesia

Abstract. Sari A, Tuwo A, Saru A, Rani C. 2022. Diversity of fauna species in the mangrove ecosystem of Youtefa Bay Tourism Park, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4490-4500. Youtefa Bay Tourism Park is a mangrove ecosystem in Jayapura City, Papua, Indonesia with high importance for biodiversity conservation as well as providing livelihood for local communities. Yet, information regarding the biological diversity of the mangrove ecosystem is lacking. This information is important to assess the state of the mangrove and to support its sustainable management of this area. This research aimed to determine the faunistic diversity of Youtefa Bay Tourism Park. The research was conducted from August 2019 to February 2020 using line transect method with quadrant to record species and the number of individuals. The results showed that in the studied area there were six, five and 27 species of birds, reptiles and macrozoobenthos, respectively. The density of birds ranged from 2.35-23.94 ind/ha with Sterna hirundo of the Sternidae family having the highest density. The reptile species density ranged between 20 and 66.67 ind/ha, while the most common macrozoobenthos species were from Gastropoda and Pelecypoda classes. The highest and lowest relative abundance for birds were S. hirundo and Sula lencogastes with 20% and 5%, while that of reptiles were Mabouya sp. and Varanus salvadorii with 37% and 15%, and for macrozoobenthos species were Duplicaria duplicata and Solen sp. with 9.93% and 0.35%, respectively. The Diversity Index (H’) of birds, reptiles, and macrozoobenthos ranged of 0.29-1.39, 0.27-1.61, and 2.92-3.04, respectively. The diversity index was as low at Abepantai and Youtefa Bay Pier, while moderate at Tobati, Enggros, and Nafri Villages. Water quality parameters indicated that the waters in Youtefa Bay Tourism Park were still suitable for the survival of biota and the preservation of the mangrove ecosystem. The results of this study might be useful for monitoring the status of the mangrove ecosystem in the future and for baseline information in developing sustainable management of Youtefa Bay Tourism Park.

Identification and Analysis of Macrozoobenthos in The Reclamation Land Area of Lime Mining

Mining activities that occur at PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. caused the land to become critical land where the nutrients are low and the ecosystem is disturbed, therefore it is necessary to carry out restoration activities for ex-mining land as an effort to be made for the process of recovering ex-mining land as happened to PT Semen Indonesia Tbk, namely by carrying out reclamation activities. Reclamation is an activity that aims to improve or manage the use of disturbed land due to general mining business activities so that it can function and be efficient in accordance with its designation. This study aimed to analyze the structure of the macrozoobenthos community in the reclamation land ecosystem of PT Semen Indonesia limestone mining. This is expected to provide information on the structure of the ecosystem macrozoobenthos community on reclaimed land. A sampling of macrozoobenthos was carried out in the Sugihan village (SUG) and Mliwang village (MLI), Merakurak district, Tuban regency using the direct hand collecting method. The results of this study indicated that the macrozoobenthos species found on the reclamation land of PT. Semen Indonesia Tbk showed it was included in the medium category.

Distribusi dan Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos

This study aims to determine the distribution and diversity of macrozoobenthos species in the Barumun River, Kota Pinang District, South Labuhanbatu Regency. The method used is an exploratory method with purposive sampling. The data analyzed were longitudinal distribution, diversity index, evenness index and dominance index. The results showed that there were 15 types of macrozoobenthos with a low diversity index value at all stations. In conclusion, the diversity of macrozoobenthos in the Barumun River is relatively small, so the water quality criteria for this river are categorized as moderately polluted.
 Keywords: Diversity, Water Quality, Macrozoobenthos, Barumun River

Ecological niche differentiation on the example of bottom communities of the Middle and Lower Volga regions

The authors discuss the use of the Greenell concept of ecological niches to analyze the taxonomic structure of communities and their relationship with environmental factors. The modeling of ecological niches was carried out using the results of 30-year studies of macrozoobenthos’ communities on 90 small and 12 medium-sized plain rivers in the region of the Kuibyshev, Saratov and Volgograd reservoirs. Geoclimatic indicators, relief characteristics and hydrochemical assessments of water quality at sampling points were considered as abiotic factors, where 11 variables with the least collinearity were taken. The multidimensional space of the initial abiotic factors was projected onto the orthogonal axes of the first two principal components; there were constructed ordination diagrams with plotted points of presence of species. The model of the potential ecological niche of each species was represented as an area in the space of latent variables, in which the habitat suitability index Z, estimated by the probability density of occurrence, corresponds to the given constraints. The authors used the Schoener and Hellinger indices to quantify the proportion of overlapping niches belonging to two different benthos taxa. The matrix of distances between overlapping niches was formed for all possible paired combinations of 40 most ecologically significant macrozoobenthos species. The cluster analysis of the obtained distance matrix was carried out by the methods of hierarchical agglomeration and fuzzy k-means. In the general multidimensional space of abiotic variables of the studied region, 4 areas of collective niches for groups of species with maximum distances between their centroids were identified. The analysis of intergroup variation of environmental factors is given and the characteristic features of each group are discussed: ecological strategy, biological characteristics and tolerance level.