Macroeconomic Indicators Research Articles

Comparative Analysis of Stochastics Approaches in Forecasting Nigeria’s Key Macroeconomic Indicators

The Nigerian economy faces significant volatility in key macroeconomic variables, posing challenges to economic stability and growth. This study compares the performance of ARIMA, GARCH, and VAR models in forecasting GDP, exchange rates, interest rates, inflation, and unemployment, using annual data from 1981-2024. Results show that while ARIMA and GARCH models capture certain dynamics, the VAR model consistently delivers the highest forecast accuracy across all variables. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers seeking data-driven strategies to stabilize the economy and manage macroeconomic uncertainty.

Penny Stock Movement in Indian Stock Market Post 2021

This study examines the trends, dynamics, and factors influencing the movement of penny stocks in the Indian stock market post-2021 i.e. post Covid 19.Through detailed analysis, the paper seeks to identify patterns and the impact of various macroeconomic indicators, regulatory changes, and investor behaviour on the price movements of penny stocks. The penny stock market experienced a volatile boom-bust cycle after COVID-19, driven largely by retail speculation and macroeconomic factors The movement of penny stocks in the Indian market post-COVID-19 reflects a combination of increased retail participation, speculative trading, and macroeconomic factors. While these stocks offer the allure of high returns, they come with substantial risks, including market manipulation and high volatility. Investors must exercise caution, conduct thorough research, and be aware of the risks before investing in penny stocks. More Regulatory measures required in curbing manipulative practices in penny stocks but the sector remains highly volatile. Investors in stock market are advised to conduct due diligence and remain cautious if they are engaging with penny stocks

Pengaruh Ekspor Batu Bara terhadap Kurs Rupiah

The major of exchange grade was an crucial macroeconomic indicator for a country, and its fluctuations can greatly influence the course of trade activities in a country and the price of a commodity. The reseach purposelly to quantitatively estimating toward impact of coal exports, inflation, also coal production towards rupiah exchange grades from 1996-2022 both the little run also the long proceed uses the Partial Adjustment Model (PAM) regression. The yields shown that coal exports have no impact towards exchange grades both are short or long proceed, also inflation also coal production has positive impact towards exchange grades. The government was expecting hight coal exports and reduce its imports in order to turn the trade balance deficit into a surplus and it is hoped that rupiah will appreciate. The government also needs to make regulations regarding coal import limits so that they dont excide tha count of its exports. Inflation rate should also be maintained through monetary policies especially interest rates to make sure that Indonesians’ consumption and purchasing power are stable.

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Use of Earnings Management in the Context of Internal Financial and Macroeconomic Factors: The Case of Lithuania

Earnings management is a widespread phenomenon in practice, with researchers therefore focusing on trying to understand what motives and factors lead to companies engaging in earnings management. In addition to internal financial and macroeconomic factors, the influence of institutional factors including corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been widely studied in recent years. In Lithuania, there have been no studies on the manipulation of accounting information in socially responsible companies. Therefore, this study aims to identify the impact of CSR on the application of earnings management in the context of internal financial and macroeconomic factors. The results of this study are significant as they not only enable assessing the impact of social responsibility on the application of earnings management in Lithuanian companies, but also the influence of macroeconomic factors such as the gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, foreign direct investment (FDI), average wages, and unemployment, as well as internal financial factors such as leverage, returns on assets (RoA), and the profitability of EBIT. The results show that CSR reduces the use of earnings management, regardless of whether it is accrual-based or real earnings management. Additionally, this analysis demonstrates that, among the internal financial factors, leverage carries the most substantial influence. The higher a company’s leverage, the more inclined that company is to use earnings management. Exploring the impact of macroeconomic indicators, it was found that the GDP, inflation, and unemployment rate have a statistically significant impact on the use of earnings management, albeit only if the firm uses accrual-based earnings management and adopts a profit-enhancing strategy.

The dynamic connectedness between oil price shocks and emerging market economies stock markets: Evidence from new approaches

This paper uses the dynamic connectedness framework to investigate the interrelationship between the decomposed oil supply, demand and risk shocks that Ready (2018) developed and the stock market returns of emerging market economies. For this purpose, we use daily data from 11 October 2001 to 5 April 2021. Novel empirical methodologies, including wavelet quantile correlation (WQC), cross-quantilogram analysis, nonparametric causality-in-quantile approaches, contemporaneous R2 connectedness approach and generalized R2 connectedness approaches, are employed. The results show that oil price fluctuations significantly impact the economic performance of emerging market economies, reflecting historical events. Demand price shocks are regarded as net transmitters within the system, whereas supply and risk price shocks are net receivers of spillovers. Concurrently, our findings indicate a considerable degree of dynamic connectedness among the stock markets of emerging market economies. In particular, the stock markets of Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina have been identified as net transmitters of spillovers. In contrast, the stock markets of Turkey, South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia and India are classified as net receivers of spillovers. Furthermore, we examine and document the advantages of diversified portfolios that include all sector indices, including oil price shocks and emerging market economy stock markets, in terms of portfolio performance. The insights offered here are valuable for investors and policymakers striving to enhance their strategic approaches in today's interconnected global financial context. The results show that oil price fluctuations significantly impact the economic performance of emerging market economies and reflect historical events. Demand shocks affecting the stock market indices of Brazil, Argentina and Mexico tend to act as net spillover transmitters. In contrast, supply shocks affecting the stock market indices of Indonesia, South Korea, India, Turkey and Malaysia mainly act as net spillover receivers. Net pairwise interconnectedness analysis reveals that, except for crisis periods, interactions between financial markets or macroeconomic indicators are evenly distributed. Thus, systemic risk is lower, and markets act independently. Empirical findings obtained using WQC generally show the presence of negative correlations at long-time scales and low quantiles, which is considered an indicator of the safe-haven feature associated with the asset in question. The hedge feature is observed to be evident only at long time scales. The results of the cross-quantilogram analysis show mixed evidence of correlation in all stock indices, especially in the weekly lag structure, compared to daily and monthly lags. Finally, non-parametric Granger causality test results show that stock returns are insensitive to oil price fluctuations, making these markets attractive for investors seeking diversification strategies. These findings provide valuable recommendations for investors seeking sustainable equities in a volatile oil market.

Socioeconomic determinants and impacts of life expectancy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A time series analysis from 1960-2020

Purpose: This study aims to identify the socioeconomic determinants and impacts of life expectancy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) from 1960-2020. Methodology: Using time series data from the World Bank, correlation analysis and Granger causality tests are employed to examine relationships between life expectancy and various macroeconomic indicators in the DRC. Results: Inflation, economic growth, population growth, and CO2 emissions are the causes of life expectancy in the DRC. In turn, life expectancy Granger causes inflation, economic growth, mineral rents, and CO2 emissions. A negative correlation is observed between mineral rents and economic growth, while inflation negatively impacts life expectancy. Theoretical Contribution: The bidirectional causality between economic growth and longevity in the DRC supports human capital theory. The study provides new evidence on the drivers and effects of life expectancy in the context of a developing, resource-rich economy. Practical Implications: The findings suggest that the DRC government should prioritize spending on health and education to promote longevity as an economic development engine. Policies controlling inflation and sustaining mineral resources are also crucial for improving life expectancy. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being; SDG 1: No Poverty; SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities; SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

Dynamic relationships between inflation, industrial production, and freight rates in the EU: A wavelet coherence and causality analysis

This study investigates the impact of maritime transport costs on macroeconomic indicators in the European Union (EU) economy. Using data for the period between June 2002 and April 2024, the dynamic relationships between the Baltic Dry Index, the Baltic Dirty Tanker Index, and the Baltic Clean Tanker Index and EU inflation and industrial production are analyzed using wavelet coherence analysis and the Breitung-Candelon frequency domain causality test. The results show that maritime transport costs significantly impact EU inflation and industrial production, especially during periods of economic crisis and shocks. The study suggests that the EU needs to strengthen its supply chain management, diversify its logistics infrastructure, and develop strategies to reduce energy costs. Proactive and sustainable policy recommendations for the EU are also presented to increase the predictability of maritime transport costs. Our study emphasizes that the EU needs to make structural investments in energy and logistics to ensure price stability. It suggests that the EU should monitor and integrate transport costs into economic policies.

Study on the Effect of Extreme Weather on Bank Credit Risk

In the global economic landscape, the potential impact of extreme weather issues on banks has attracted much attention. This study focuses on the impact of extreme weather on the credit risk of A-share listed banks and explores its role in financial stability. Given China's significant position in the global economy, analyzing the credit risk faced by its banking sector has both theoretical and practical value. By synthesizing bank financial data, weather records and macroeconomic indicators, this study quantifies the potential impact of extreme weather events on bank credit risk, taking into account the moderating effects of heterogeneity among bank types and regional bank competition. The results reveal the existence of an association between extreme weather and bank credit risk-taking and provide a basis for bank risk management and regulatory policies.

The effect of election outcome on economic activity: a tale of two countries

This paper investigates the effect of partisan politics on macroeconomic performance in France and the United Kingdom between 1971-2023. Using a panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, it examines whether ideological divides between left- and right-wing parties and coalition governments relate to accountability for key macroeconomic indicators. Results suggest that economic growth is slightly lower under the left-wing governments, whereas unemployment and inflation rates are higher with a statistically significant difference of 10% for inflation. Furthermore, coalition governments underperform on growth and unemployment, struggling to stimulate economic expansion. Finally, despite the characterization of political parties as either right or left leaning in terms of cultural matters, their implemented economic policies seem to yield comparable economic outcomes.

Prediction of China’s Polysilicon Prices: A Combination Model Based on Variational Mode Decomposition, Sparrow Search Algorithm and Long Short-Term Memory

Given the non-stationarity, nonlinearity, and high complexity of polysilicon prices in the photovoltaic (PV) industry chain, this paper introduces upstream and downstream material prices of the PV industry chain and macroeconomic indicators as influencing factors. The VMD–SSA–LSTM combination model is constructed to predict polysilicon prices, which is based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and utilizes the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) to optimize the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The research shows that decomposing the original polysilicon time series using the VMD algorithm effectively extracts the main features of polysilicon price data, reducing data instability. By optimizing the learning rate, hidden layer nodes, and regularization coefficients of the LSTM model using the Sparrow Search Algorithm, the model achieves higher convergence accuracy. Compared to the traditional LSTM model and VMD–LSTM model, the VMD–SSA–LSTM model exhibits the smallest error and the highest goodness-of-fit on the polysilicon dataset, demonstrating higher predictive accuracy for polysilicon prices, which provides more accurate reference data for market analysis and pricing decisions of the polysilicon industry.

Impacts of economic sanctions on population health and health system: a study at national and sub-national levels from 2000 to 2020 in Iran

BackgroundFormal evidence regarding the effects of sanctions on population health status and the health system is scarse in Iran. Given the intricate and multifaceted nature of sanctions, a nuanced understanding of their impact is imperative. We aimed to investigate the magnitude and effects of sanctions on population health and healthcare system during the last two decades in Iran.DesignThis is a mixed-methods research. We quantified the impact of sanctions using 28 indicators, i.e. macroeconomic, healthcare resources and health outcomes indicators from 2000 to 2020. The concurrent qualitative study aimed to explore the pathway of the effect by considering perceptions of both patients and health policy makers towards sanctions; Interview data was analyzed using content analysis.SettingThis study was conducted in Iran at both national and sub-national levels.ResultsOur findings revealed that the trend of 11 indicators (39.2%) had changed after the change point in 2009; four indicators (14.2%) significantly deteriorated after the change point. Further, five indicators revealed significant increases during the sanctions period: Out-of-Pocket payment (OOP), household expenditure on food and mortality rates due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), thalassemia and hypertension. Our qualitative analysis revealed that patients identified availability, cost and quality of medicines and healthcare services as the most significant challenges that compromised population’s health. From the policy makers’ perspective, the effect of sanctions on health system functions and infrastructures, i.e. economic, political, social, educational and research had significant repercussions on population health.ConclusionWe could not find compelling evidence to establish significant associations between the imposition of sanctions and the trend of population health. Nevertheless, our qualitative study revealed people’s deteriorating life experiences, e.g. increasing catastrophic health expenditure, limited access to necessary medicine, medical equipment, procedures and interventions, imposed by sanctions, with ultimate reducing impact on the overall quality of life. It seems that sanctions have negatively affected financial and physical access to medication and healthcare services. Nonetheless, Iran has demonstrated remarkable resilience against their highly detrimental effects, maybe due to its established economic infrastructure and healthcare system.

Investigating The Nexus of Child Marriage and Economic Growth in Indonesia

The issue of ending child marriage attracts global attention, especially in developing countries. However, the link between married children and economic growth remains in question. The purpose of this article is to utilize regional macroeconomic indicators to quantify the association between child marriages and the Indonesian economy. The analysis shows a negative relationship between marriage at a young age and the economy using panel regression and simultaneous equations model. The results also demonstrate that marriage at an early age might decrease economic growth, as it has an undesirable effect on health and education. Therefore, this paper delivers a suggestion related to the policy strategies, primarily educational policies and health, that support the Indonesian Government in ending child marriage.

Foreign Direct Investment and Growth in ECOWAS: An ARDL Panel Analysis

This study examines the impact of core macroeconomic indicators on growth across Sixteen (16) West African countries using the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation technique within a Panel ARDL framework. The analysis covers variables such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Gross Capital Formation, percentage of working population growth, access to electricity, and inflation. The findings reveal that the effects of FDI on growth were mixed. While FDI positively impacts real GDP growth in some countries such as Benin, Cabo Verde, and Mauritania, its effect was however, negative in others such as Nigeria and Gambia. Gross capital formation, on the other hand, consistently supports short-run growth across most countries, while inflation emerges as a destabilizing factor. The speed of adjustment toward long-run equilibrium varies significantly, with countries such as Guinea-Bissau and Nigeria correcting economic shocks faster than others. This study contributes to the literature on economic growth dynamics in Africa by showing the heterogeneous responses of these countries to similar macroeconomic factors. It validates the need for country-specific policies that focus on stabilizing inflation, optimizing domestic investment, and effectively leveraging foreign direct investment. Also, improvements in infrastructure and access to markets are crucial for facilitating long-term growth across the region. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to achieve sustainable growth in the ECOWAS region.

Monetary policy of Ukraine during the war

The purpose of this article is an in-depth statistical analysis of the military monetary policy of the National Bank of Ukraine. The article examines how the monetary policy strategy, administrative restrictions, indicators of the money market of Ukraine and macroeconomic indicators changed during February 2022 – April 2024. Based on the conducted statistical analysis, it was found that the administrative restrictions implemented by the Regulator in relation to individuals and legal entities achieved the desired result. Indicators of demand and supply of currency on the market have halved. As the balance of payments of Ukraine shows, the withdrawal of currency abroad in the form of credit payments, interest, dividends, and rent also decreased, which significantly reduced the pressure on the national currency, which is clearly observed when analyzing the balance of payments of Ukraine.In the context of the analysis of macroeconomic indicators, the results of the study showed that thanks to the measures taken in the monetary policy, the National Bank managed to restrain the pressure on the national currency and to stabilize inflation by the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2022, and already in the fourth quarter of 2023 it was possible to return inflation within the inflation target. However, in connection with the long-term management of the fixed exchange rate regime, the interventions of the National Bank increased significantly, causing considerable pressure on international reserves and creating a noticeable dependence of Ukraine on the financial aid of international partners. In addition, there are other caveats. The record amounts of currency outside the banks signal about the continuation of panicky moods and a decrease in confidence in the banking system. In addition, administrative currency restrictions negatively affected the gap between the total volume of import and export operations, which in the long run may hinder the further economic development of Ukraine. Despite the challenges, such as the growth of the volume of currency outside the banks and the noticeable dependence on international aid, it is important to emphasize that the implemented measures helped to reduce the risks and improve the financial stability of the country, which reflects the ability of the National Bank to respond effectively to economic challenges and ensure the stability of the financial system in times of crisis.

КОРПОРАТИВНА СОЦІАЛЬНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК КЛЮЧОВИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ БІЗНЕСУ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ

Today's state of war is dramatically changing the business environment, creating unprecedented challenges for businesses of all sizes. The instability of the political situation, the disruption of logistics chains, a decrease in investment and a decrease in the purchasing power of the population have a negative impact on economic activity. Enterprises face increased risks, which requires a review of management strategies and ensuring economic security as a basis for further functioning and development. In these conditions, corporate social responsibility (CSR) becomes especially important, becoming not only an ethical imperative, but also a strategic tool for increasing business sustainability. The active participation of companies in solving social and humanitarian problems during martial law strengthens their authority and trust on the part of society and stakeholders, which contributes to the formation of a positive image, the expansion of partnership relations and the creation of additional opportunities for stable functioning in conditions of uncertainty. The growing role of CSR as a component of the enterprise management strategy provides an opportunity not only to preserve the economic security of individual business entities, but also to strengthen public trust in business, which is a key element of ensuring long-term economic stability in Ukraine.Objective.Theoretical generalization of scientific approaches regarding the content and role of corporate social responsibility as the main tool for ensuring the economic security of business in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine and the development of methodological recommendations for strengthening the stability and adaptability of business to crisis conditions. Results. The article provides a theoretical generalization of scientific approaches to the content and role of corporate social responsibility as a key tool for the economic security of business during the martial law in Ukraine. On the basis of scientific approaches, a modern interpretation of the CSR pyramid of Archie B. Carroll was formed. The analysis and assessment of the losses of infrastructure and enterprises of the real sector of the economy of Ukraine from hostilities and missile terror was carried out; an assessment of the main macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine for 2018-2023 is provided, the impact of military operations on a significant reduction in the number of active enterprises and the number of employees and the population of Ukraine in 2018-2023 is determined. The conducted studies highlight the key areas of CSR implementation in wartime, in particular, support for employees, assistance to the mobilized, involvement of stakeholders in the formation of the company's strategy and brand promotion. Scientific novelty. Approaches and methods of their involvement in the establishment of communications and interaction with stakeholders - investors, local communities and state structures are proposed, which will allow companies to adapt more quickly to the challenges of war. Practical significance. To ensure the economic security of business during wartime, it is proposed to integrate new initiatives to support personnel, mobilized workers and their families, as well as local communities. Such an approach will not only contribute to the stability and functionality of the enterprises themselves, but also strengthen their social stability and economic security, provide a deep connection between business and society, which contributes to the long-term development and socio-economic stability of the country in conditions of war. Keywords: corporate social responsibility (CSR), economic responsibility, enterprises, Archie Carroll's pyramid model, stakeholders, business economic security, development strategy, war.

The Effect of Economic Uncertainty on Access to Finance: An Empirical Examination for European SMEs

This study examines the effect of economic uncertainty on the probability of access to finance for the years between 2015 and 2020. Survey on Access to Finance of Enterprises (SAFE) dataset is used for measuring the level of access to finance and The IMF World Uncertainty Index (WUI) is considered as a proxy for uncertainty. According to probit regression model results, the uncertainty negatively affects the probability of firms’ access to bank loans while positively affecting the likelihood of access to trade credit. The results also reveal that some firm-level and macroeconomic indicators significantly impact access to finance.

A Comprehensive Study of Stock Market Volatility: Types, Determinants, and Measurement Methods

The Volatility, a critical aspect of financial markets, quantifies the uncertainty associated with asset price movements. This paper provides a comprehensive review of volatility, encompassing its definition, types, determinants, and measurement methods. Various factors, including macroeconomic indicators, market sentiment, liquidity, global events, and corporate actions, influence volatility. A range of methods, such as standard deviation, historical volatility, implied volatility, GARCH models, EWMA, and range-based volatility, are employed to measure volatility. Understanding volatility is essential for investors, traders, and risk managers to make informed decisions and manage risk effectively. Future research can delve into advanced volatility models, volatility spillovers, investor behavior, and the relationship between volatility and asset pricing.

Development of Economic Cooperation Between Russia and China in the Condition of New Geopolitical Threats and Challenges

The purpose of the study is to analyse the state and directions of development of foreign economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China in conditions of growing macroeconomic instability. During the study, the following tasks were set and solved: the prerequisites for the formation and content of the global foreign economic initiative ‘One Belt, One Road’ (OBOR) were analysed (Belt and Road Initiative [BRI]), as well as Russia’s participation in the implementation of transnational infrastructure projects; the advantages and risks of implementing the strategic initiative ‘BRI’ for the state of the economy of Russia and China have been identified; an analysis of the dynamics of indicators of trade and economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China was carried out; the main directions of development of Russian–Chinese foreign economic relations have been identified. It was determined that the sanctions restrictions imposed on Russia by a number of unfriendly states confirmed the validity of the decision on the need to expand foreign economic contacts with China. Dynamics of indicators of trade, economic and investment cooperation between Russia and China in the period from 2013 to 2023 indicates the steady growth of its indicators and the mutually beneficial nature of interstate relations. The analysis showed that the prospects for trade and economic cooperation between Russia and China within the framework of the strategic initiative ‘OBOR’ are determined by the projected sustainable growth rates of macroeconomic indicators of the participating countries, as well as the effectiveness of foreign economic policy instruments.

The Relationship Between Net Migration and Selected Macroeconomic Variables: A VAR Model for Canada

Throughout human history, in addition to forced migration due to reasons such as disasters, wars and internal turmoil, it has been observed that economic reasons such as employment, unemployment, education, income, poverty etc. have also had an effect on migration, and that the social and economic structure of the countries has an effect on migration, as well as many effects on the countries from which migration occurs and the countries that receive migration. For this reason, the phenomenon of migration has been at the center of many studies as it affects the changes in the economic, political and social structures of countries. When the migration literature is examined, it is seen that economic factors such as inflation, employment and income, as well as the attitudes, behaviors and policies of the administration and society of the country accepting the immigrant, are effective in immigrants' preference for that country. This study examines the economic factors that cause immigration to Canada, a country that attracts attention with its multicultural structure and receives frequent and large amounts of immigration. In the study, the relationship between net immigration and economic growth, inflation and unemployment was evaluated using time series analysis for the research period 1998-2022. The findings obtained as a result of the analysis show that macroeconomic variables, especially unemployment, are effective on migration. Keywords: Migration, Macroeconomic Indicators, Time Series Analysis, Vector Auto Regression, Canada.

The impact of FinTech/Blockchain Adoption on Corporate ESG and DEI Performance

Monitoring a company's efficiency is one of its primary responsibilities. There are many approaches in our contemporary society that either use IT or the conventional technique. Methods for measuring efficiency fall into three primary categories: parametric, nonparametric, and ratio indicators. We prioritize a firm's inputs and outputs when choosing metrics to measure efficiency. Establishing objectives and goals in entrepreneurship necessitates a thorough comprehension, appreciation, and knowledge of sustainability, and assessing the economic growth quality of a corporation is an essential task for theoretical and empirical sustainability assessment. When measuring the efficiency of entrepreneurship in terms of achieving desired values of macroeconomic indicators (e.g., sustainable economic growth objectives), data envelopment analysis (DEA), a widely used technique in efficiency analysis, has taken into account the economic, environmental, and social impact of entrepreneurship as the three dimensions of sustainability. The objective of this paper is to test the influence of FinTech/Blockchain adoption on corporate ESG and DEI performances using a novel DEA approach for sustainable development assessment. It highlights the significance of using a scalable technique for ESG efficiency study and gives scholars a more thorough viewpoint on the subject. In a collection of 50 enterprises, a DEA model was utilized for the analysis. For sustainable performance assessment using the proposed DEA technique, we defined as inputs six financial metrics, and as outputs 11 ESG/Blockchain adoption, and four DEI quality metrics to measure the firm’s efficiency. The annual business data was gathered between 2017 and 2023. In all country situations we discovered that, when DEI initiatives mediate, there is a strong correlation between ESG corporate performance and the quality of economic growth (particularly in the innovation and integrity blockchain adoption performance success metrics). Our study provides additional in-depth details on the FinTech/blockchain adoption environment in comparison to the findings of previous researchers. The sustainable entrepreneurship performance (a latent variable regarded as a dependent target factor) is calculated using eight (8) factors as observed variables, which is the first to consider the dynamics of ESG/BCA and DEI quality metrics as DEA outputs. The study also examines the mediating role of DEI corporate initiatives. By conducting an empirical investigation, the suggested scalable framework makes it evident which company is more efficient in moving toward sustainability, assisting corporate management in increasing the effectiveness of economic growth.