Macro Level Research Articles

Accelerated commercial battery electrode-level degradation diagnosis via only 11-point charging segments

Accelerated and accurate degradation diagnosis is imperative for the management and reutilization of commercial lithium-ion batteries in the upcoming TWh era. This work proposes a framework combining both deep learning and physical modeling to extend traditional capacity degradation diagnosis to a rapid and accurate degradation diagnosis at the electrode level using only readily measurable charging current and voltage signals. Deep learning is used to rapidly and robustly predict polarization-free incremental capacity analysis (ICA) curves in minutes, which are traditionally obtained in a dozen hours, and the physical model is to quantitatively reveal the electrode-level degradation modes by decoupling them from the ICA curves. It is demonstrated that 11 points collected at any starting state-of-charge (SOC) in a minimum of 2.5 minutes are sufficient to predict reliable ICA curves with a mean root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.2774 Ah/V. Accordingly, batteries can be accurately elevated based on their degradation at both macro and electrode levels. Through transfer learning, such a method can also be adapted to different battery chemistries, emphasizing the enticing potential for rapid promotion of this work in battery degradation diagnosis.

Preface

The International Symposium and Workshop on Sustainable Buildings, Cities and Communities (SBCC) 2024 provides a platform to share ideas, research, and studies on how to mitigate global warming and tackle climate change. SBCC 2024 is organized by the Architecture Study Program, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, with sponsorship from BeCool Indonesia and Tatalogam Group Inc. The initiative entails the Kampung BeCool project, which involves the painting of cool roofs on 20 houses to improve the microclimate of the neighborhood. It also includes the installation of three solar reflective houses to demonstrate low-carbon materials and energy-efficient housing solutions. The SBCC 2024 conference featured an array of speakers, encompassing professionals in the field of building and construction, scholars, decision-makers, and representatives from the industry. This symposium served as a genuine collaboration among stakeholders, aiming to tackle global challenges at both the macro and micro levels of execution. The event also showcased the efforts of architects, who have been instrumental in the development of “Building Low Carbon Future: Decarbonising with Impact,” while fostering partnerships with sustainable industries. The success of these endeavors is crucial in establishing connections and harmonizing the interests of all parties involved to attain the ambitious goal of the Enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (E-NDC), which aims to reduce CO2 emissions by 32% or 912 million tonnes by 2030. List of Tributes to Colleagues, Sponsor and Funding Acknowledgements, Full List of Committee Names and Affiliations, Conference Details are available in this pdf.

The role of entrepreneurial leadership in achieving strategic excellence an analytical study of the opinions of a sample of college council members at private universities in the Erbil city

The research aims to determine the availability of the dimensions of entrepreneurial leadership and the dimensions of strategic excellence from the point of view of a sample of members of college councils in private universities in the Erbil city, in addition to analyzing the relationship and impact of entrepreneurial leadership represented by its dimensions (Creativity, risk taking, proactiveness, independence) in the dimensions of strategic excellence represented by (Leadership excellence, individual excellence, cultural excellence, service excellence). The general framework of the research was represented in the research problem, which was defined by raising several questions about the nature of the relationship and influence between the independent variable (entrepreneurial leadership) and the dependent variable (strategic excellence). For this purpose, a hypothetical chart was designed that expresses three main hypotheses, and to ensure their validity, they were subjected to multiple statistical tests. The questionnaire was used as a means of obtaining data. The research adopted the descriptive analytical method, where the main and sub-variables were described, to analyze the relationships and influence between the two variables. The research population was represented by all members of the college councils in the private university colleges in the Erbil city, whose number was determined according to the data and statistics of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, and their number reached (117), and (58) members were chosen from them to represent the research sample. The hypotheses were tested through a set of analyzes and statistical tests using the computer program (SPSS Ver.26). The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of positive ethical relationships at a high level between the dimensions of entrepreneurial leadership and strategic excellence at the macro and micro levels. This confirms the benefit of colleges in private universities from employing the dimensions of entrepreneurial leadership in adopting the dimensions of strategic excellence, in addition to the presence of a positive effect on statistically significant levels of the entrepreneurial leadership variable in the strategic excellence variable, according to what was produced by the analysis indicators at the macro and micro levels. The research presented a set of proposals, the most important of which is the necessity of investing in the strong relationship between the two variables and directing this relationship towards serving the colleges under research.

Comparative Analysis of Congestion Management Methods with Integrated Renewable Energy Generation

Inclusion of renewable energy in power grid at micro and macro level has imposed numerous challenges in the recent years. Occurrence and managing congestion in the power transmission line due to unpredictable and stochastic nature of Renewable Energy Source (RES) integration has become a challenging task to the grid operators. Transmission lines operate at bottlenecks during a congestion episode adding to the extra congestion cost and risk in grid stability which becomes burden to the generation as well as end users. Different methodologies are applied to detect and manage the congestion to eliminate the congestion cost factor and maintain grid stability. The presented analysis compares conventional methodology Linear Sensitivity Factors (LSF) and Heuristic methodology Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methods for congestion management in power transmission lines with integrated RES (wind and solar) system. For comparative analysis, a modified standard IEEE 30 Bus system is chosen which is integrated with real time RES generation. Optimal locations of RES generation with minimized congestion cost and percentage of RES curtailment are chosen as objective function for comparison of the methodologies.

THE ROLE OF INNOVATION STRATEGY IN ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE

The article discusses the role of innovation strategy in ensuring sustainable development of the enterprise. At this stage of economic development, organizations are provided with a huge number of opportunities that can be used to develop entrepreneurial activity. Rapid changes in the external and internal environment contribute to the fact that enterprises have to adapt to new conditions, as well as develop strategies for innovative business development. In this regard, the ability to develop innovative strategies is becoming a key competency that allows you to competently manage an enterprise. Competition between companies is becoming more intense, only enterprises that can develop the most effective innovative strategies will be able to take and maintain leadership positions. The role of innovation is manifested in ensuring the success of business in the long term. Innovations contribute to increasing the competitive position of the organization. Innovative strategy allows companies to take their business to a new level. It defines promising areas of development of the company, assesses its innovative potential and level of investment attractiveness, allows you to establish new areas of cooperation, helping the business to remain competitive. The development of an effective innovation strategy will allow the company to take a leadership position that will allow it to stay in today's highly competitive world. Industrial development is a priority sector for any state. Industry ensures the country's independence from a number of imported goods, provides jobs, and promotes economic stability. Any developed state will take measures to develop industry. But the industrial sector is quite complex for doing business, because it requires significant resources at the start of work, a set of skills and knowledge, and a high level of technical equipment. Against the background of the importance of the industrial sector for the life of the state as a whole and the complexity of implementing entrepreneurial tasks in this area, the formation of a concept for the sustainable development of industrial enterprises is of particular relevance. The constituent components of the sustainable development of industrial enterprises should be ensured both at the macro and micro levels. Financial and economic components of the sustainable development of industrial enterprises at the macro level imply the presence of the following factors. Ensuring the investment attractiveness of the country. Attracting foreign investors is one of the ways to ensure the sustainable development of industrial enterprises, as well as the growth of the state's economy. Development of an appropriate monetary and credit policy. A number of factors influence the sustainable development of industrial enterprises: the level of inflation, the availability of credit resources, the volume of money circulation. In the absence of effective mechanisms for maintaining stability in the monetary and credit sphere, the implementation of the directions of the concept of sustainable development of industrial enterprises is also impossible. Thus, sustainable development of industrial enterprises is one of the most important areas of work of the state authorities. The concept of sustainable development of industrial enterprises includes a number of components, some of which are already being actively implemented. Also, the concept of sustainable development of industrial enterprises should include a number of measures that contribute to increasing the profitability of the company's activities and take into account the specifics of its activities. Keywords: innovation, innovation process, innovative development, innovation strategy, enterprise, strategic management, competitiveness.

Issues of assessing the FinTech impact on the financial sector's structure

Subject. This article examines the areas of penetration of FinTech and the impact of the expansion of FinTech and BigTech companies on the structure of the financial sector. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the processes of the emergence of the FinTech phenomenon and its growing penetration into all spheres of finance, identify the consequences of these processes for the structure of the financial sector, as well as formulate the principles for the formation of a balanced structure of the financial sector in the context of its ongoing digitalization. Methods. For the study, I used the systems approach, comparative intermarket analysis, impact analysis of the technological component of economic development at the macro level. Results. The article reveals the main forms and manifestations of the impact of digitalization on the structure of the financial sector and the main activities and types of services of FinTech companies. The article also formulates the principles for the formation of a balanced competitive structure of the financial sector. Relevance. The results of the study can be used by the Bank of Russia and other national financial market regulators to improve approaches to building a modern competitive balanced financial structure.

Human Sustainability and the Competitiveness of Jordanian Industrial Companies: The Mediating Effect of Employee Participation

There is much discussion about sustainability and its dimensions at the macro level (sustainable development) and at the micro level as important additional dimensions, including human sustainability. In this context, the contribution of this study comes in addressing the research gap in expanding the dimensions of sustainability to include a fourth dimension, represented by the human dimension with its four components: effective learning, sustainable innovation, functional sustainability, and sustainable teamwork. Human sustainability still needs to be rooted as a concept, representative components, and their effect on the two main determinants of the company’s competitiveness. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effect of human sustainability components (effective learning, sustainable innovation, functional sustainability and sustainable teamwork) on the competitiveness of industrial companies in its two determinants: competitive ability and competitive performance. The current study also sought to investigate the effect of employee participation on the relationship between human sustainability and company competitiveness.

Assessing the impact of environmental component on the development of Russian banks applying ESG policy

Subject. The article discusses operations of steadily developing Russian banks in the context of environmental component. Objectives. The aim is to identify patterns in functioning of Russian banks, applying ESG policy in their activities, under the influence of environmental factors, to improve the management of their development. Methods. The study employs regression analysis. We selected 26 Russian banks based on ESG ratings, formed an empirical base for 2011–2020 from open sources (financial and economic indicators and macro-level indicators characterizing the environmental impact by the activities of economic entities), built a linear regression model in MS Excel. Results. The constructed regression model helped reveal that the indicator “Recycling and disposal of production and consumption waste in the Russian Federation” has a significant positive impact on the pretax profit of banks applying ESG policy. However, a negative trend in the impact of banks on the environment was identified in terms of connection between the resulting indicator and the indicator “Primary energy intensity level”. This suggests that the internal capacity of banks to implement the environmental component is not sufficiently developed and used. Conclusions. The findings can be used both at the macro and micro level when generating the strategy and tactics for ESG banking development. The offered regression modeling technique can be used to analyze the role of environmental component in the activities of banks in other countries, which implement ESG policy.

Comparing the Effects of Information Globalization on Agricultural Producer Prices in Developing and Developed Countries

Existing studies claim that the Internet of Things (IoTs) raises agricultural producer prices while others claim the contrary. Meanwhile, no studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of IoTs at the macro level, as represented by information globalization. The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of information globalization on agricultural producer prices in developing and developed countries. This study used time series data from 1991 to 2020 and cross-section data from 66 developing and 26 developed countries. The data was analyzed using two-stage least squares. The first stage of analysis shows that pesticides and farm machinery increase agricultural production in developing and developed countries, while employment in agriculture, forestry, and fishing has the opposite effect. Meanwhile, nutrient nitrogen, manure, and irrigation have differing effects on agricultural production in the two areas. The second stage of analysis shows that agricultural producer prices in developing and developed countries will rise when agricultural production, agricultural import, and human capital increase. Agricultural value-added, food consumer price inflation and population growth have varying impacts on agricultural producer prices. Meanwhile, the main variable investigated in this study, information globalization, has been proven to increase agricultural producer prices in both developing and developed countries.

Strength degradation characteristics and damage constitutive model of sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles.

Thorough investigation into the laws governing frozen rock damage in high-altitude and cold regions can offer valuable insights for advancing infrastructure construction, ecological environment protection, and sustainable development on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. This study combined with the seasonal variation patterns of frozen rocks in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, and processed the rock samples using a freeze-thaw interval of -20 °C~20 °C. Uniaxial compression test was conducted based on the MTS816 rock mechanics testing system. The porosity changes of rock samples with different freeze-thaw cycles were analyzed using the MesoMR12-060H-I nuclear magnetic response analysis system. A rock freeze-thaw load coupled damage constitutive model was derived using the Lemaitre equivalent strain theory. Research has shown that during the freezing process, the pore water inside the rock sample is affected by the phase change of water-ice, resulting in frost heave force, which further promotes the expansion of the pore walls and the initiation of new cracks. When melted, pore water migrates towards newly formed micropores, thereby affecting the changes in the pores of rock samples. The increase in porosity at the micro level weakens the mechanical parameters of rocks at the macro level. The segmented freeze-thaw damage constitutive model based on Lemaitre equivalent strain theory can well fit the experimental results involved in this study, as well as the experimental results obtained by other researchers. The compaction stage can partially reflect the changes in sandstone pore structure under freeze-thaw cycles.

Agrobiodiversity Conservation Policies: Insights from an Integrated Micro-macro Economic Model in Ethiopia

AbstractNational strategies aiming to enhance agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan Africa have traditionally focused on encouraging the adoption of improved modern crop varieties. This approach led to genetic erosion and reduced option value for bioprospecting, an unintended consequence of the decline of locally conserved traditional varieties. Governments are often left with poor guidance to evaluate the costs and benefits of this strategy. In this paper, we propose a methodological framework for assessing agricultural policies based on local agrobiodiversity conservation. In particular, we modify a computable general equilibrium model with trade to account for the land allocated to traditional and improved modern varieties as input for the agricultural sector. As a case study we select the Ethiopian durum wheat. Several sources of data at macro, micro and agronomic levels are adopted to estimate parameters and economic effects. Accounting for climate change and technological projections up to 2050, results of a counterfactual scenario show that when policy-driven breeding programs in specific agroecological niches are implemented, they simultaneously achieves conservation and food production goals. The findings underscore the need for policy interventions aimed at promoting context-specific strategies that consider conservation and production objectives within the broader agricultural landscape.

Short term road network Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram parameters and traffic state prediction based on LSTM

Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) is widely used in traffic state evaluation due to its description of the macro level of urban road network. This study focuses on the discrimination and short-term prediction of macro traffic states in urban road networks, using MFD combined with FCM clustering for state partitioning to characterize different macro states of the road network. To predict the MFD state, this paper builds two LSTMs to perform short-term predictions on two important parameters in MFD: road network weighted flow qw and road network weighted density kw. The parameters of the first three statistical intervals and the predicted time period are used as inputs to output the MFD parameters for the predicted time period. To ensure that the two LSTM structures and hyper-parameters settings can achieve the best prediction performance for MFD, the parameter optimization process of both should be included in the same search framework for hyper-parameters search. Therefore, this paper uses GA algorithm combined with multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm as the solving algorithm, with the accuracy of solving two MFD parameters and the accuracy of MFD point positioning as the hyper-parameters solving objectives. The study was validated using actual road network data from Hong Kong, and the results showed that the method proposed in this paper has an MRE prediction error of less than 7.8% for the two parameters of MFD, and can predict the future temporal trend of the two parameters, demonstrating the feasibility of MFD related predictions. The model's prediction of the overall shape and change trajectory trend of MFD is consistent with reality, and some test sets in MFD state prediction show high accuracy, the overall accuracy is 81.45%. To verify the effectiveness of the multi-objective search algorithm, typical LSTM models and RNN models were used for comparison. The experiment proved that the model used in this study performed better in error control and state prediction. This study explores and practices a short-term prediction method for road network MFD parameters, MFD status, and their changing trends. Provided path reference for urban road network prediction, traffic control status, and MFD related research.

The Impact of Tourists’ Perceived Value on Environmentally Responsible Behavior in an Urban Forest Park: The Mediating Effects of Satisfaction and Subjective Well-Being

Urban forest parks serve as significant venues for tourists’ leisure and recreation. The experiences and perceptions of tourists in these parks considerably influence their attitudes and behaviors. While numerous studies have investigated the functions and values of urban forest parks at a macro level, the mechanisms influencing tourists’ perceived values and their environmentally responsible behavior at a micro level remain under explored. This research used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the association between tourists’ perceived values and their environmentally responsible behavior, including the mediating functions of tourists’ satisfaction and their subjective well-being. 502 valid questionnaires in total were obtained from Changpoling National Forest Park in Guiyang City, Guizhou, China, for this case study. The results show that there are some variances in the impact of the dimensions of tourists’ perceived value on environmentally responsible behavior, in which service quality, resource quality, and emotional value impose a pronounced positive effect on environmentally responsible behavior, tourism costs impose a pronounced negative effect on environmentally responsible behavior, and the activity experience does not exert a pronounced effect on environmentally responsible behavior. Satisfaction and subjective well-being have a mediating function during the process of positive influence of tourists’ perceived value on their environmentally responsible behavior and serve as partial mediators, and the significant positive influence of satisfaction on subjective well-being as well as subjective well-being on environmentally responsible behavior are verified. This research can help better explain the mechanism of the effect of tourists’ perceived value exerted on environmental responsibility behavior in nature-based tourism destinations, and also has a guiding and reference significance for the sustainable development of urban forest parks.

Analysis of the prospects for the development of organic pig farming in Russia

The paper is devoted to the study of factors that form the conditions for the development of organic pig production. The relevance of this topic is due to the growing interest of consumers both domestically and abroad in organic products as the basis for a healthy lifestyle and the resource potential available in Russia, which is sufficient to form a sector of producers — competitive participants in the world market. Based on the use of statistical methods for time series alignment, the authors have identified positive trends in traditional pig production, meat consumption and outpacing growth rates of demand for pig products. It has been determined that stable growth of real incomes of the population in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation can become the basis for the growth of effective demand for organic pig products. The paper summarizes the requirements for the organization of organic production in pig farming, taking into account internal regulatory documentation and foreign experience. Previous studies conducted by the authors showed that the existing soil and climatic conditions in the regions of the Russian Federation make it possible to produce organic feed for this industry, and the expansion of production is one of the target indicators of the Strategy for the Development of Organic Agriculture in the Russian Federation until 2030. The authors identified a number of risks in the work that must be taken into account when creating projects for the development of organic pig farming at the micro and macro levels.

Social work education and burnout prevention: a systematic review of published research

ABSTRACT Social workers face unique occupational stressors that contribute to disproportionately high rates of burnout. This situation worsened over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, causing social work educators and professional organizations to emphasize the importance of self-care for social workers. What this means for social work education is the focus of this study. Our purpose was to understand the scope and effectiveness of burnout prevention efforts in social work undergraduate and graduate programs. A systematic search of the literature yielded 25 articles that met inclusion criteria. Each article was evaluated and information was extracted using a structured abstracting form. Results indicate that educational practices for burnout prevention are being delivered as independent workshops, integrated into existing social work courses, and offered as electives. Content includes mindfulness training, burnout and self-care awareness, and resilience skills development. Outcomes include increased burnout recognition, self-care implementation, skills development, and improved mental health. Disproportionately high burnout rates for social workers could potentially be addressed through implementing a comprehensive approach to teaching burnout prevention throughout the established social work training curriculum and teaching resilience skills at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels of practice.

The role of family doctors in developing primary care systems in Asia: a systematic review of qualitative research conducted in middle-income countries 2010-2020.

The Asia Pacific Region's middle-income countries (MICs) face unique challenges in the ongoing development of primary care (PC) systems. This development is complicated by systemic factors, including rapid policy changes and the introduction of private healthcare services, as well as the mounting challenges associated with ageing populations and increasing rates of chronic diseases. Despite the widespread acknowledgement of the importance of family doctors in the development of PC services, relatively little is known about how these roles have developed in Asian MICs. To address this gap, this systematic review presents a synthesis of recent research focused on the role of family doctors within the PC systems of MICs in the Asia Pacific Region. We searched six electronic databases (CINAHL Complete, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Index Medicus for the South-East Asia Region and Western Pacific) for peer-reviewed qualitative literature published between January 2010 and December 2020. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Eighteen articles were included in the analysis. Findings from these articles were extracted and synthesised using qualitative thematic synthesis. We used the Rainbow Framework to analyse the interconnections within health systems at the macro, meso and micro levels. Our analysis of the included articles showed that family doctors play a crucial role in bridging the gap between hospitals and communities. They are essential in adopting holistic approaches to health and wellbeing and are in a unique position to try and address social, psychological, and biological aspects of health. Our findings also highlight the influence of policy changes at the macro level on the role and responsibilities of family doctors at the meso (organisational) and micro (interpersonal) levels. Limited research has explored the role of family doctors in the ongoing development of primary care systems in MICs in the Asia Pacific Region. The findings of this review have significant implications for policymakers and healthcare administrators involved in ongoing improvements to and strengthening of PC systems. Areas of particular concern relate to policy linked with training and workforce development, insurance systems and public awareness of what primary care services are.

WASHBACK EFFECTS OF ONLINE ASSESSING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION IN NARRATIVE TEXT

The Covid-19 pandemic has altered the educational landscape. This is due to the fact that traditional classroom learning has been replaced with online learning. Even if the learning and assessment take place at home, teachers must be able to offer an effective learning process and assessment. The impact of testing on teaching and learning is known as washback. Teachers appear to play a significant part in developing different types of washback by examining the probable positive and negative washback that tests may cause at the micro and macro levels. In other words, the teachers' beliefs play an important role in influencing the washback effect. This study aims at explaining washback effect of online students’ assessment on reading comprehension in narrative text. Secondly, to describe students’ engagement in following online learning and assessing of reading comprehension. It employed qualitative method and descriptive research design. Data collection techniques used observation, online reading test, interview, and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques implemented data reduction, data display, data verification. The research participants were 32 the seventh graders of an Islamic secondary school in Semarang regency. The results show that narrative reading text used folklore digital storytelling namely The Crying Stone. The reading comprehension test consisted of forty items, they were short answer, close test, true or false, vocabulary development, matching, and references. Based on the data, there are two types of washback effects namely negative washback effect and positive washback effect. Positive and negative washback effect covered formative assessment and summative assessment. They are included assessment as learning, assessment for learning, and assessment of learning. Positive washback effects made students have eagerness to be autonomous learners. Students had high motivation and well-prepared in joining reading class. Meanwhile students had difficulties in learning and follow the reading assessment because of bad internet connection as negative washback. Sometimes some parents were not able to buy internet data package.

Evaluation of water supply function in the Economic Belt of the Northern Slope of the Tianshan Mountains based on the InVEST model

The Economic Belt of the Northern Slope of the Tianshan Mountains (EBNSTM) is a composite ecosystem with mountains, oases, and desert areas; it also serves as an active area for anthropogenic activities. Frequent changes in soil and water resources have significant impacts on regional ecosystems. However, research on the ecosystem water yield function of EBNSTM is relatively limited; additionally, the spatiotemporal variations in the water supply function based on land use changes have not been sufficiently elucidated. This study aimed to explore the land use changes and the spatial variability of water supply service functions in the region at the macro level and uses the land transfer matrix as an important tool to study the changes in land use in the different years of 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. Using the InVEST model, we conducted a quantitative assessment and comprehensive study on the water supply function of EBNSTM across the aforementioned years. Additionally, the study delved into the structure of ecosystem service functions, alongside investigating the spatial and temporal variability of ecosystem services under the multi-scale units of administrative divisions, ecological zones, and land classes. We found that during the 20-year period, the area of construction land of EBNSTM increased by 1089 km2, with the highest dynamic change rate of 4.09 %; 2015–2020 period was the most drastic period of change for each land use type. The average multi-year depth of water production was 87.49 mm, totaling 71.59 × 108 m3. The spatial distribution pattern of the water supply function in the study area during the last 20 years consistently exhibited a distinct pattern: mountainous areas displayed the highest water supply capacity, followed by oases, and deserts ranked the lowest. Further, the water supply service function within the study area is currently experiencing a modest rate of increase. The rate of change in water supply depth was 2.76 mm/a, while the rate of change in water supply volume was 0.47 × 108 m3/a. Areas with enhanced water supply capacity are mostly distributed in the southeast of EBNSTM, whereas the northwest, encompassing the mountainous areas, exhibited a declined water supply capacity. Between 2000 and 2020, the water supply capacity in the study area was ranked as follows: woodland > grassland > unutilized land > cultivated land > urban construction land, with woodland displaying the strongest water supply capacity. When woodlands, grasslands, and croplands were converted to other land use types, their water supply functions generally decreased, and vice versa. Our findings provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of water and soil resources in EBNSTM.

How to go green? Exploring public attention and sentiment towards waste sorting behaviors on Weibo platform: A study based on text co-occurrence networks and deep learning

The attention and sentiment of the public are crucial for better implementation of waste sorting behaviors and moving towards green living. In this study, web scraping technology was used to collect 367,856 Weibo posts related to waste sorting from Sina Weibo. Utilizing text co-occurrence networks, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling, and a deep learning model combining the Affective Cognitive Model (OCC) with Long Short-Term Memory Model (LSTM) (referred to as OCC-LSTM), we comprehensively understand the text at both micro and macro levels, analyzing the attention and sentiment of the public towards waste sorting behaviors on the Sina Weibo platform. Several important findings emerged from the empirical results. First, highly engaging posts were predominantly published by users with a large following, and the number of posts fluctuated over time. This reflects the influence of social hot topics and the timeliness of information dissemination. Second, there was heterogeneity in the user groups and their locations, often influenced by cultural differences due to geographical location. Third, positive sentiment towards waste sorting behavior was higher than negative sentiment on the Weibo platform. Moreover, public attention varied under different emotional influences concerning the topic of waste sorting behavior. The innovation of this study lies in the development of a research framework combining co-occurrence networks and deep learning, expanding the analysis on both micro and macro levels. This framework broadens the research paradigms and dimensions of public perception in waste sorting. This study is significant for promoting waste sorting behaviors and implementing climate policies.

Global research trends on educational investment: A bibliometric analysis

The theme of educational investment has gained increasing attention from scholars, leading to a substantial rise in related publications. At the macro level, almost every country in the world is experiencing an increase in expenditure on education investment while at the micro level, families are placing greater emphasis on education, with household spending on education rising annually as well. As education plays a crucial role in shaping human capital and driving socioeconomic development, investments in this field have become a prominent focus in academic discourse. Over the past two decades, research on educational investment has expanded rapidly, making it challenging to fully grasp the scope of the developments. Numerous studies have explored various aspects of the topic, such as the impact of parental involvement, policy interventions, and market dynamics on education outcomes. The objective of this study is to compile and analyze research on educational investment from 2004 to 2024. To achieve this, a bibliometric analysis was employed, providing a comprehensive overview of the subject. The results reveal a significant growth in the number of academic articles and citations over the last 20 years. Furthermore, the study identifies the most prolific authors and academic journals contributing to the discourse on educational investment. The keyword co-occurrence analysis highlights five major thematic clusters: education, human capital, parental involvement, policy, and market. The frequent occurrence of certain terms suggests strong interconnections among key concepts. This study offers valuable insights for future scholars and policymakers, laying the groundwork for addressing emerging challenges and shaping future directions in the field of educational investment. By mapping thematic trends and identifying influential contributors, this research serves as a guide for deeper academic exploration and more informed policy decision-making.