SPSS Macro Research Articles

Relationships between couple collaboration, well-being, and psychological health of infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive treatment

BackgroundSocial problems related to infertility are associated with a significant psychological burden for the involved couple. Previous studies have shown the positive effects of couple interactions on the psychological health of these couples; however, the specific conditions of participating in assisted reproductive treatments (ART) might influence the effect of couple collaboration. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between couple collaboration, well-being during infertility, and the psychological indicators of infertile couples undergoing fertility treatment.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 ART volunteer couples. Couple collaboration and well-being during infertility were evaluated using a validated researcher-made questionnaire, and the level of depression, anxiety, and stress was evaluated using the DASS-21 questionnaire in both couples. Statistical analysis was performed using the plug-in application PROCESS macro for SPSS and AMOS software.ResultsThe results showed that couple collaboration was correlated with the level of depression, anxiety, and stress. Moreover, depression, anxiety, and stress levels were correlated with well-being during infertility. The direct and indirect effect of couple collaboration on the depression level was significant; however, the direct effect of couple collaboration on the level of anxiety and stress was not significant, and the effect of couple collaboration on these indicators was mediated by well-being during infertility. The fit index of the equation modelling showed a good fit of the relationship path between the variables of couple collaboration, well-being during infertility, and psychological indicators (CMIN = 4.196, p = 0.260).ConclusionThe results of this study show that the specific conditions of participating in ART may affect the direct effects of couple interaction on an infertile couple’s levels of anxiety and stress. These results suggest that in order to develop mental health programs for infertile couples, strategies based on couple collaboration that are associated with higher well-being during infertility should be developed and presented.

How cultural intelligence facilitates employee creativity: The roles of intercultural citizenship behavior and perceived disharmony

Employee creativity is widely recognized as a pivotal factor for organizational innovation. Despite the known benefits of cultural intelligence (CQ) in enhancing task performance in intercultural environments, little research has examined the relationship between individual CQ and creativity. Drawing from the interactionist perspective, where creativity arises from the dynamic interaction between individuals and their environments, this research explores how individual CQ dimensions (metacognitive and motivational) enhance creativity through social interactions and cultural environments in multinational corporations (MNCs). Using a sample of 116 employees from three multinational companies, this study examines the relationship among individual CQ, intercultural citizenship behavior (intercultural OCB), perceived intercultural disharmony, and creativity. A moderated mediation model was tested with the PROCESS SPSS macro analysis. Results show that the positive relationships between the two types of CQ, metacognitive and motivational CQ, and creativity are mediated by intercultural OCB. Furthermore, the mediated association between CQ and creativity is moderated by perceived disharmony within the organization. This research extends the study of organizational innovation by focusing on specific CQ through an interaction approach, which has not been fully explored. It enriches our understanding of how MNCs can leverage employee cultural differences to facilitate innovation.

Irresponsibility Stereotypes Exacerbate Effects of Sexual Violence on Cisgender Bisexual Women's Coping Drinking Motives.

Bisexual women experience disparities in alcohol use outcomes compared to both lesbian and heterosexual women. Bisexual women also experience higher rates of sexual violence (SV) and alcohol use following SV. We examined whether coping drinking motives mediate the link between adult SV severity and alcohol use and whether dimensions of binegativity (i.e., hostility, instability, irresponsibility) moderate the effects of SV. The sample consisted of 355 young (ages 18-35) cisgender bisexual women drinkers (Mage=25.8, 84.2% White) recruited via MTurk. Measures included: Sexual Experiences Survey-Short Form Victimization (Koss et al., 2007), Anti-Bisexual Experiences Scale (Brewster & Moradi, 2010), Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised (Grant et al., 2007), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption subscale (Babor et al., 2001). The PROCESS macro for SPSS was used. There was an interaction between SV severity and irresponsibility stereotypes in predicting coping motives. SV severity related to greater coping motives at mean and high, but not low, levels of irresponsibility stereotypes. Indirect effects of SV severity on alcohol use via coping motives were significant at mean and high, but not low, levels of irresponsibility stereotypes. Hostility and instability dimensions of binegativity did not interact with SV severity in predicting coping motives. Results identified SV severity and irresponsibility stereotypes as compounding experiences that may explain greater alcohol use. Bisexual women exposed to this dimension of binegativity may be particularly vulnerable to drink alcohol to cope with distress following SV. Interventions for alcohol use may be enhanced by helping bisexual women cope with SV-related distress and irresponsibility stereotypes.

북한이탈주민의 자살문제에 관한 연구

This study sought to determine the impact of PTSD experience on the risk of suicide among North Korean defectors, and to compare and verify the differences in the protective role of human support resources by country of origin in this process. For this purpose, data on 410 North Korean defectors living in South Korea were used for analysis. To test the hypothesis, a moderating effect analysis was conducted using SPSS MACRO, and the results are as follows. First, PTSD among North Korean defectors was found to have a positive effect on suicide risk. Second, human support resources from North Korea had no direct effect on suicide risk, but it was confirmed to have a significant moderating effect in the relationship between PTSD and suicide risk. On the other hand, human support resources from South Korea had a direct effect on suicide risk, it was found to have no significant moderating effect. Based on these results, we examined the role of Human resources by country of origin in the problem of suicide among North Korean defectors, and proposed specific intervention measures and practical and policy implications.

Social media use for work during non-work hours and turnover intention: the mediating role of burnout and the moderating role of resilience.

This study uses survey data from 504 Chinese teachers to investigate the relationship between social media use for work during non-work hours (SMUNW) and turnover intention, focusing on the mediating role of burnout and the moderating role of resilience in this relationship. In November 2023, online survey links were sent to 529 teachers from Shandong Province, China, asking them to report their perceptions of SMUNW, burnout, resilience, and turnover intention. A sample of 504 valid responses was obtained. The analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and Hayes' PROCESS MACRO for SPSS for testing the hypotheses. The results revealed that burnout acts as a mediator in the relationship between SMUNW and turnover intention. In addition, resilience moderated the relationship between SMUNW and burnout such that when resilience was higher, the relationship between SMUNW and burnout was alleviated. Moreover, resilience moderated the indirect relationship between SMUNW and turnover intention through burnout such that when resilience was higher, the indirect relationship was alleviated. The results of this study indicate that SMUNW is related to turnover intention through the mediating role of burnout. Furthermore, resilience moderates the influence of SMUNW on burnout and thus weakens the influence of SMUNW on turnover intention through burnout. This study expands our knowledge of the nuanced influence mechanisms of social media use in the context of increasing technostress among public employees. Practically, it suggests that managers should pay due attention to the impairments brought about by social media use, especially from the perspectives of preventing burnout and fostering resilience.

The effect of education level on depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults–parallel mediating effects of economic security level and subjective memory ability

BackgroundDepression in older adults needs urgent attention. Increased education level may reduce depressive symptoms in older adults, and that economic security level and subjective memory ability may also have an impact on depressive symptoms in older adults, but the mechanisms between education level and depressive symptoms in older adults are unclear. This study endeavors to investigate the parallel mediating roles of economic security level and subjective memory ability between education level and depressive symptoms in older adults.MethodsA total of 4325 older adults people aged 60 years and above were selected from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) as the study population, and all data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between the variables. Model 4 from the SPSS macro was used to assess the parallel mediating role of economic security level and subjective memory ability in the relationship between education level and depressive symptoms in older adults.ResultsEducation level, economic security level, and subjective memory ability were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in older adults (p < 0.01). Educational level was a negative predictor of depressive symptoms (β=-0.134, P < 0.001). Education level was a positive predictor of economic security level (β = 0.467, P < 0.001) and subjective memory ability (β = 0.224, P < 0.001). Education level, economic security level, and subjective memory ability were significant negative predictors of depressive symptoms (β= -0.039, P < 0.05; β= -0.122, P < 0.001; β= -0.169, P < 0.001). Education level influenced depressive symptoms through parallel mediating effects of economic security level and subjective memory ability, with mediating effects accounting for 42.70% and 28.30% of the total effect, respectively.ConclusionsEducation level not only directly influences depressive symptoms in older adults, but also indirectly through the economic security level and subjective memory ability. Educational level can reduce depressive symptoms in older adults by increasing their economic security level and enhancing their subjective memory ability. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of improving the educational level of the population as it affects people’s mental health in old age.

Exploring the Mediating Role of Self-Regulation in Bullying Victimization and Depressive Symptoms among Adolescents: A Cross-Regional and Gender Analysis.

This study explores the mediating role of self-regulation in the relationship between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms among adolescents, considering the moderating effects of gender and region. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 3984 adolescents aged 12-18 from the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the Netherlands. Data were collected via an online survey administered through Qualtrics. The survey included validated measures such as the Illinois Bullying Scale (IBS) to measure bullying victimization, the Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI) to measure self-regulation, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) to measure depression. The SPSS macro PROCESS was employed for data analysis, with model 4 used for testing the mediating effects of self-regulation and model 1 for assessing the moderating effects of gender and region. The results demonstrated significant associations between bullying victimization, self-regulation, and depressive symptoms. Self-regulation mediated the positive association between bullying victimization and depression, with notable variations across genders and regions. Specifically, male students in Hong Kong exhibited an increased susceptibility to depression when subjected to bullying. These findings underscore the protective role of self-regulation in mitigating the adverse effects of bullying victimization on adolescent mental health. Implications for interventions and prevention strategies targeting adolescent depression are discussed.

The Role of Word Decoding Speed and Accuracy on Reading Comprehension in a Highly Transparent and Morphologically Complex Orthography

This research aimed to investigate the impact of word decoding speed and accuracy on reading comprehension in Turkish, which is characterized by a highly transparent and morphologically complex orthographic system. The study involved 160 students, half of whom were identified as poor readers, while the other half were classified as good readers. These participants were selected from the second and fourth grades of public elementary schools. The assessment process involved evaluating participants' isolated word decoding skills using a task that measured their ability to decode both real words and pseudowords. Additionally, reading fluency and comprehension were measured using grade-level appropriate reading texts. The analysis included a series of MANOVAs as well as a mediation model (Model 7) employing Haye's PROCESS macro for SPSS. The findings indicated that the poor readers' limited reading comprehension abilities were primarily attributed to their overall deficiency in word decoding fluency, with a particular emphasis on their inadequate phonological decoding skills. These results are significant as they shed light on the challenges that children with reading comprehension difficulties may face in transparent orthographic systems. The attainment of proficient reading comprehension in such languages appears to be influenced by the specific aspects of word decoding fluency.

The multiple mediating effects of self-efficacy and resilience on the relationship between social support and procrastination among vocational college students: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundPrevious research has revealed a negative association between social support and procrastination. However, few studies have investigated the mechanism underlying this relationship among vocational college students.ObjectiveBased on the social cognitive theory, this study was intended to investigate the multiple mediating effects of self-efficacy and resilience on the relationship between social support and procrastination among vocational college students.MethodsThis study employed a cross-sectional design involving a sample of 1,379 students from a vocational college in China. Data were collected using the General Procrastination Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Resilience Scale-14. The PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to examine the multiple mediation model.ResultsOur findings indicate significant negative correlations between social support, self-efficacy, resilience, and procrastination. The multiple mediation analysis showed that social support did not have a significant direct impact on procrastination. Instead, the relationship between social support and procrastination was fully mediated by self-efficacy (indirect effect: -0.017; 95% CI: -0.032, -0.004) and resilience (indirect effect: -0.047; 95% CI: -0.072, -0.025), and sequentially mediated by both factors (indirect effect: -0.013; 95% CI: -0.020, -0.007).ConclusionsThe results emphasise the importance of enhancing self-efficacy and resilience in initiatives aimed at preventing and intervening in case of procrastination among vocational college students. Additionally, strengthening social support may also be crucial to preventing or reducing procrastination among this population.

Well-Being and Dispositional Hope in a Sample of Portuguese Citizens: The Mediating Role of Mental Health.

In our pursuit of a fulfilling and contented life, the study of well-being has emerged as a fundamental field of research. Higher levels of well-being are associated with better mental health outcomes. Individuals with better mental health might possess the personal resources necessary to set and pursue meaningful goals, maintain positive expectations, and overcome adversities. We aim to explore the positive relationship between well-being (hedonic, psychological, and social) and dispositional hope. We suggest that mental health acts as a mediator in this relationship, since improved mental health can create a conducive environment for the development and maintenance of dispositional hope. Data were collected using an e-survey through social media during the last quarter of 2022. The hypothesis of this study was tested using mediation analysis. The sample was composed of 471 participants (85.4% female) with a mean age of 47.72 ± 11.86 years. Participants were mainly workers (88.6%), followed by pensioners (6.8%), university students (2.5%), and unemployed (2.1%). Results revealed that well-being was positively and significantly associated with dispositional hope. Additionally, well-being presented a significant and positive relationship with mental health, which, in turn, also presented a significant and positive relationship with dispositional hope. Finally, using the Hayes process macro for SPSS, we found that mental health mediates the relationship between well-being and dispositional hope. Our findings reinforce the conceptual frameworks that consider well-being and mental health as key contributors to a resilient and optimistic mindset. Interventions that aim to cultivate positive affect, facilitate personal growth, and foster supportive social environments might help improve mental health outcomes.

Relationships of Psychosocial Factors to Diabetes Self-efficacy: A Cross-sectional, Correlational Study.

Self-care in people with diabetes is poor, which could be influenced by positive and negative psychosocial factors. Self-efficacy is an important factor affecting self-care, and depressive symptoms and diabetes distress may directly and indirectly affect self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships of depressive symptoms, diabetes distress, age, sex, self-compassion, resilience, self-esteem, and social support to diabetes self-efficacy and the mediating roles of diabetes distress and depressive symptoms in the relationships among people with diabetes. In this cross-sectional, correlational study, data on all the psychosocial and demographic factors were collected (N = 148; 57.6 years old) through Research Electronic Data Capture in 2023. The PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to address the purpose. The mean score of diabetes self-efficacy was 28.6 (range, 8-40). In 1 model, depressive symptoms were directly and indirectly associated with diabetes self-efficacy through diabetes distress (direct effect, -3.524; t = -3.020, P = .003; indirect effect, -2.089; 95% bootstrap confidence interval, -3.494 to -0.911). In another model, diabetes distress was directly and indirectly associated with diabetes self-efficacy through depressive symptoms (direct effect, -3.778; t = -3.638, P < .001; indirect effect, -0.785; 95% bootstrap confidence interval, -1.868 to -0.089). In addition, self-esteem was associated with both depressive symptoms and diabetes distress. Resilience was associated with diabetes self-efficacy in 1 model. Negative psychological factors were directly and indirectly associated with diabetes self-efficacy. Depressive symptoms, diabetes distress, self-esteem, and resilience can be important targets of interventions to improve diabetes self-efficacy.

대학생의 의미 만들기와 주관적 안녕감의 관계에서 메타인지의 매개효과

Objectives This study was conducted in response to growing concerns about the mental health of college students. The aim was to investigate the role of metacognition in the relationship between engagement in meaning-making and subjective well-being. This investigation sought to identify cognitive mechanisms that contribute to subjective well-being and to explore ways to support students in their pursuit of a happy life. Methods Data were collected from 242 adults aged 18 to 28 who were enrolled in a university through an survey, and descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and mediation model analysis were conducted using SPSS and PROCESS Macro programs to examine the relationships among the variables. Results The findings of the study indicated that meaning-making was positively associated with subjective well-being, and metacognition acted as a mediator in this relationship. In particular, awareness, identified as a sub-component of metacognition, was shown to fully mediate the link between meaning-making and life satisfaction and positive affect, while the monitoring aspect was shown to partially mediate the relationship between meaning-making and negative affect. The results suggest that metacognition exerts differential effects on distinct components of subjective well-being. Conclusions This study indicates that for college students, engaging in meaning-making activities can not only improve metacognitive skills, but also have a positive impact on life satisfaction and positive emotions, while reducing negative emotions. The findings confirm the significance of the possibility that subjective well-being can be effectively enhanced through the development of metacognitive skills.

The mediation role of hope in the relationship of resilience with depression, anxiety, and stress in caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer

This study aimed to determine the mediation role of hope in the relationship of resilience with depression, anxiety, and stress in caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer. Adult Hope Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DAS) scales were used for data collection. The mediator and moderator model was tested using the SPSS macro PROCESS (Model 4, and 5). The mediator model (model 4) indicated that DAS significantly correlated with resilience (β = − 0.54, t-value = − 5.01, p < 0.001), and hope (β = − 0.84, t-value = − 3.45, p = 0.0007). Hope mediated the relationship between resilience and DAS among caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer (Effect = − 0.18, SE = 0.06, 95% CI − 0.33 to − 0.06). The mediator and moderator model (model 5) showed that female caregivers had a stronger correlation between resilience and DAS when compared to their male counterparts (β = − 0.56, t-value = − 3.90, p-value = 0.0001); also, hope mediated the relationship between resilience and DAS among caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer (Effect = − 0.20, SE = 0.08, 95% CI − 0.37 to − 0.04). In conclusion, hope was a mediator, and female caregivers were a moderator in the relationship of resilience with depression, anxiety, and stress, and its promotion might be effective among caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer. It seems that resilience, female caregivers, and hope may provide good protection against depression, anxiety, and stress in caregivers of cancer patients.

Effects of resilience, social support, and academic self-efficacy, on mental health among Peruvian university students during the pandemic: the mediating role of digital inclusion.

Mental health of university students has been impacted during the pandemic, highlighting the importance of understanding its psychosocial determinants. Nevertheless, there has been limited exploration into whether the digital inclusion conditions for remote education could mediate the effects that variables such as resilience, social support, and academic self-efficacy may have on mental health. Considering the above, there is evidence that shows a consistent relationship between resilience, social support and academic self-efficacy on mental health, to the extent that these are psychological variables. On the other hand, digital inclusion, which comprehends a contextual variable, not a psychological one, related to ICT access opportunities and mainly focused on the quality of Internet access, should be analyzed in a differential manner. This study seeks to analyze the effect of resilience, social support and academic self-efficacy, on the mental health of a group of Peruvian university students; in addition, it seeks to analyze the mediating role of digital inclusion. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 3,147 undergraduate students from a private university in Lima, Perú. From August to October 2020, data were collected online through questionnaire, this include The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), The 10-item version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10), The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (EMASP), The Perceived Self-Efficacy Specific for Academic Situations Scale (EAPESA) and to measure digital inclusion, the Perceived Quality of Internet Access reported by the students. The levels of participants' anxiety, depression and stress were described using frequency and percentage. Pearson Correlation test was used to measure the correlation between the variables and a Path analysis was conducted. Finally, The PROCESS macro for SPSS (Model 4) was applied to examine the mediating effect of the model controlling gender variable. The results revealed significant levels of extremely severe symptoms of anxiety (36.8%), depression (33.4%) and stress (18.1%) among the participants. A path analysis, which indicated that resilience (β = -0.346), social support (β = -0.189), academic self-efficacy (β = -0.060) and digital inclusion (β = -0.089) had significant impact on students' General Distress. In addition, digital inclusion plays a partial mediation role with low but significant effect size in the relationship between resilience, social support and self-efficacy with mental health. Mental health of university students during the pandemic shows alarming levels of general or emotional distress. The findings indicate that resilience, social support and self-efficacy protect college students' mental health by reducing general distress. However, the study shows that when there is a digital divide around internet quality the impact of these factors is affected.

Language confidence and job satisfaction among foreign-born nurses in Japan: mediating effect of workplace discrimination and moderating effect of immigration duration

AimThis study explored the relationship between language confidence and job satisfaction, the mediating role of workplace discrimination, and the moderating role of immigration duration among foreign-born nurses in Japan.IntroductionJob satisfaction is an important factor in preventing migrant nurses’ turnover intentions; however, the relationships among language confidence, immigration duration, workplace discrimination, and job satisfaction among foreign-born nurses remain unclear.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected between June and August 2022 through an online survey of nurses who were born outside of Japan but were currently working as registered nurses in Japan. PROCESS v4.0 Macro for SPSS 28.0 was applied to analyze the effect of language confidence on job satisfaction, the mediator effect of workplace discrimination (model 4), and the moderator effect of immigration duration (model 15).ResultsData from 187 participants were analyzed. The results showed that 1) foreign-born nurses’ language confidence was negatively correlated with workplace discrimination and positively correlated with job satisfaction; 2) workplace discrimination played a partially mediating role between language confidence and job satisfaction; and 3) immigration duration positively moderated the relationship between language confidence and job satisfaction.ConclusionForeign-born nurses with stronger confidence in their proficiency in Japanese perceived less workplace discrimination and higher job satisfaction. Workplace discrimination acted as a mediator in the relationship between language confidence and job satisfaction, and this relationship was strengthened with longer migration periods. Managers and policymakers should implement policies and strategies to combat workplace discrimination and provide tailored support to improve foreign-born nurses’ job satisfaction, which may contribute to their retention in Japan.

Impact of Digital Literacy, Use of AI tools and Peer Collaboration on AI Assisted Learning- Perceptions of the University students

The technology-supported education systems seamlessly integrated throughout the globe in response to the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic. The swift developments of the digital tools with Artificial Intelligence (AI) support are also readily diffused among the educational communities. This research paper investigates the synergistic impact of digital literacy, the incorporation of AI tools, and Peer Supported Collaborative Learning (PSCL) on the learning perceptions of university students. The research aims to discern the implications of these technological and social facets on students' attitudes towards AI assisted learning process. Structured questionnaire-based survey among the University students were done for this descriptive research. 409 responses collected were analysed with SPSS, Excel and Process Macro. It is found that the students’ Digital Literacy, Use of AI tools and PSCL on AI assisted learning were positively correlated. The partial mediatory path through the PSCL and AI tool usage has a significant positive influence on students learning process. The insights gathered from this study can inform educators, policymakers, and institutions on optimizing the amalgamation of digital literacy, AI tools and PSCL to enhance the contemporary learning environment. As universities navigate the digital age, this research provides a nuanced understanding of the dynamics shaping students' perceptions, offering valuable insights into the multifaceted aspects of AI influencing the educational landscape

Service-oriented HRP bundles and team performance: A team-level serial mediation model

Drawing on two theoretical frameworks–positive psychology theory and conservation of resources theory–the relationship and underlying mechanism between team-level service-oriented human resource practice (SO-HRP) bundles and team performance were explored by constructing a team-level serial mediation model. Survey data were collected from 424 employees at 80 branches of five financial holding companies in Northern Taiwan. The team-level serial-mediated model and hypotheses were examined using SPSS version 24 and the PROCESS macro for SPSS. The results indicate that team psychological capital (PsyCap) and team work engagement serially mediated the relationship between SO-HRP bundles and team performance. These results imply that managers should plan and implement SO-HRP bundles in detail, reinforce team PsyCap, and increase engagement within their financial service teams to enhance team performance.

Leadership Style and Performance in Higher Education Institutions (PHEI): the Mediating Role of Organizational Culture

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Leadership Style (LS) and Performance in Higher Education Institution (PHEI), the mediating effect of Organizational Culture (OC) on the relationship between the two is examined. Quantitative research approach with survey type. Descriptive and verifiable analyses were carried out to confirm and test the predictive causality of the constructed model. The total sample was 43 respondents selected using a purposive sampling approach. Path analysis is applied to analyze data in the research model. Forecasting with a regression approach, the process SPSS macro model was adopted to test the mediation effect. The estimation of the mediation effect was carried out by the Sobel test. The findings of the leadership style research have a positive and significant direct effect on the performance of higher education institutions, leadership style has a positive and significant effect on organizational culture, organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on the performance of higher education institutions. Organizational culture has a positive and significant indirect effect on the influence of leadership style on the performance of higher education institutions, there is a strong mediation effect of organizational culture compared to the direct effect of leadership style on the performance of higher education institutions. Research contributions, implications and recommendations are explained in this paper.

Impact of Achievement Motivation on Academic Performance among University Students: Moderating Role of Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships

The aim of this study was to explore the impact of achievement motivation on academic performance as well as how romantic relationship satisfaction moderates this relationship among university students. For data collection, a survey research design was used. A sample of 300 university students was chosen using purposive sampling. Participants must be 18 years old and have completed at least 14 years of formal education. For comparison, engaged students were also included in the study. Married people were not included. After explaining the purpose of the study, informed consent was obtained. The Revised Achievement Motivation Scale (AMS-R) and the Relationship Assessment Scale were used to collect data (RAS). SPSS and Process Macro were used to analyse the collected data. Academic performance was found to be significantly positively correlated with achievement motivation. Satisfaction in a romantic relationship significantly moderated the relationship between hope for success and academic performance. The current study will assist future researchers in concentrating their efforts on this sensitive topic that is prevalent in our society.

Examining the Impact of Work-Life Balance on Satisfaction, Productivity, and Performance Among Faculty and Staff Members in Higher Education Institutions: The Case of Lebanese Private Sector

A major concern faced by many employees in numerous countries in several sectors due to the present dynamic, busy, and demanding business environment is Work-Life Balance. Maintaining an equilibrium between work and life is an issue that is gaining increasing recognition because of its considered importance to organizations and employees. In contrast, the deprivation of work-life balance (WLB) has drawbacks on the way employers estimate success in many matters. The research’s main objective is to study how work-life may impact faculty and staff members in Lebanese private higher education institutions (HEIs) and to identify if attaining a high level of satisfaction, performance, and productivity is associated with a better work-life balance. Besides, the moderating effect of perceived organizational support was also studied. To obtain the results, a mono-method quantitative research approach for the collection and analysis of data was employed. A self-directed survey questionnaire was distributed randomly among staff and faculty members working in Lebanese private universities. A total of 130 responses were gathered. For the purpose of revealing the relationships between the variables, SPSS software version 25 and Process SPSS Macro version 3.4 were used. The research’s findings showed that a relationship between work-life balance, and employees’ satisfaction, productivity, and performance exists. However, there was no evidence to support the idea that organizational support moderates the way WLB affects other variables. The findings encourage private HEIs in Lebanon to implement or reinforce existing practices that focus on WLB to attain better employee job satisfaction, productivity, and performance