MacMahon Master Theorem Research Articles

Quantum-inspired permanent identities

The permanent is pivotal to both complexity theory and combinatorics. In quantum computing, the permanent appears in the expression of output amplitudes of linear optical computations, such as in the Boson Sampling model. Taking advantage of this connection, we give quantum-inspired proofs of many existing as well as new remarkable permanent identities. Most notably, we give a quantum-inspired proof of the MacMahon master theorem as well as proofs for new generalizations of this theorem. Previous proofs of this theorem used completely different ideas. Beyond their purely combinatorial applications, our results demonstrate the classical hardness of exact and approximate sampling of linear optical quantum computations with input cat states.

On an integral representation of the normalized trace of the k-th symmetric tensor power of matrices and some applications

Let A be an matrix and let be its k-th symmetric tensor power. We express the normalized trace of as an integral of the k-th powers of the numerical values of A over the unit sphere of with respect to the rotation-invariant probability measure. Equivalently, this expression in turn can be interpreted as an integral representation for the (normalized) complete symmetric polynomials over . As applications, we present a new proof for the MacMahon Master Theorem in enumerative combinatorics. Then, our next application deals with a generalization of the work of Cuttler et al. in [Cuttler A, Greene C, Skandera M. Inequalities for symmetric means. Eur J Comb. 2011;32(6):745–761] concerning the monotonicity of products of complete symmetric polynomials. Finally, we give a solution to an open problem that was raised by Rovena and Temereanca in [Roventa I, Temereanca LE. A note on the positivity of the even degree complete homogeneous symmetric polynomials. Mediterr J Math. 2019;16(1):1–16].

Unification of the Nature's Complexities via a Matrix Permanent-Critical Phenomena, Fractals, Quantum Computing, ♯P-Complexity.

We reveal the analytic relations between a matrix permanent and major nature’s complexities manifested in critical phenomena, fractal structures and chaos, quantum information processes in many-body physics, number-theoretic complexity in mathematics, and ♯P-complete problems in the theory of computational complexity. They follow from a reduction of the Ising model of critical phenomena to the permanent and four integral representations of the permanent based on (i) the fractal Weierstrass-like functions, (ii) polynomials of complex variables, (iii) Laplace integral, and (iv) MacMahon master theorem.

Algebraic Combinatorics on Trace Monoids: Extending Number Theory to Walks on Graphs

Partially commutative monoids provide a powerful tool to study graphs, viewingwalks as words whose letters, the edges of the graph, obey a specific commutation rule. A particularclass of traces emerges from this framework, the hikes, whose alphabet is the set of simple cycleson the graph. We show that hikes characterize undirected graphs uniquely, up to isomorphism, andsatisfy remarkable algebraic properties such as the existence and uniqueness of a prime factorization.Because of this, the set of hikes partially ordered by divisibility hosts a plethora of relations in directcorrespondence with those found in number theory. Some applications of these results are presented,including a permanantal extension to MacMahon's master theorem and a derivation of the Ihara zetafunction.

The MacMahon Master Theorem for Right Quantum Superalgebras and Higher Sugawara Operators for 𝔤𝔩̂m|n

The MacMahon Master Theorem for Right Quantum Superalgebras and Higher Sugawara Operators for 𝔤𝔩̂m|n

Some generalizations of the MacMahon Master Theorem

We consider a number of generalizations of the β-extended MacMahon Master Theorem for a matrix. The generalizations are based on replacing permutations on multisets formed from matrix indices by partial permutations over matrix or submatrix indices.

A note on element centralizers in finite Coxeter groups

Abstract The normalizer NW (WJ ) of a standard parabolic subgroup WJ of a finite Coxeter group W splits over the parabolic subgroup with complement NJ consisting of certain minimal length coset representatives of WJ in W. In this note we show that (with the exception of a small number of cases arising from a situation in Coxeter groups of type Dn ) the centralizer CW (w) of an element w ∈ W is in a similar way a semidirect product of the centralizer of w in a suitable small parabolic subgroup WJ with complement isomorphic to the normalizer complement NJ . Then we use this result to give a new short proof of Solomon's Character Formula and discuss its connection to MacMahon's master theorem.

Zeons, Permanents, the Johnson Scheme, and Generalized Derangements

Starting with the zero-square “zeon algebra,” the connection with permanents is shown. Permanents of submatrices of a linear combination of the identity matrix and all-ones matrix lead to moment polynomials with respect to the exponential distribution. A permanent trace formula analogous to MacMahon's master theorem is presented and applied. Connections with permutation groups acting on sets and the Johnson association scheme arise. The families of numbers appearing as matrix entries turn out to be related to interesting variations on derangements. These generalized derangements are considered in detail as an illustration of the theory.

Generating Functions for Hecke Algebra Characters

Abstract Certain polynomials in n2 variables that serve as generating functions for symmetric group characters are sometimes called (Sn) character immanants. We point out a close connection between the identities of Littlewood–Merris–Watkins and Goulden–Jackson, which relate Sn character immanants to the determinant, the permanent and MacMahon's Master Theorem. From these results we obtain a generalization of Muir's identity. Working with the quantum polynomial ring and the Hecke algebra Hn(q), we define quantum immanants that are generating functions for Hecke algebra characters. We then prove quantum analogs of the Littlewood–Merris–Watkins identities and selected Goulden–Jackson identities that relate Hn(q) character immanants to the quantum determinant, quantum permanent, and quantum Master Theorem of Garoufalidis–Lê–Zeilberger. We also obtain a generalization of Zhang's quantization of Muir's identity.

COMBINATORICS AND N-KOSZUL ALGEBRAS

The numerical Hilbert series combinatorics for quadratic Koszul algebras was extended to N-Koszul algebras by Dubois-Violette and Popov [9]. In this paper, we give a striking application of this extension when the relations of the algebra are all the antisymmetric tensors of degree N over given variables. Furthermore, we present a new type of Hilbert series combinatorics, called comodule Hilbert series combinatorics, and due to Hai, Kriegk and Lorenz [15]. When the relations are all the antisymmetric tensors, a natural generalization of the MacMahon Master Theorem (MMT) is obtained from the comodule level, the original MMT corresponding to N = 2 and to polynomial algebras.

An algebraic extension of the MacMahon Master Theorem

We present a new algebraic extension of the classical MacMahon Master Theorem. The basis of our extension is the Koszul duality for non-quadratic algebras defined by Berger. Combinatorial implications are also discussed.

An Inverse Matrix Formula in the Right-Quantum Algebra

The right-quantum algebra was introduced recently by Garoufalidis, Lê and Zeilberger in their quantum generalization of the MacMahon master theorem. A bijective proof of this identity due to Konvalinka and Pak, and also the recent proof of the right-quantum Sylvester's determinant identity, make heavy use of a bijection related to the first fundamental transformation on words introduced by Foata. This paper makes explicit the connection between this transformation and right-quantum linear algebra identities; we give a new, bijective proof of the right-quantum matrix inverse theorem, we show that similar techniques prove the right-quantum Jacobi ratio theorem, and we use the matrix inverse formula to find a generalization of the (right-quantum) MacMahon master theorem.

A Quantization of a theorem of Goulden and Jackson

A theorem of Goulden and Jackson which gives interesting formulae for character immanants also implies MacMahon's Master Theorem. We quantize Goulden and Jackson's theorem to give formulae for quantum character immanants in such a way as to obtain a known quantization of MacMahon's Master Theorem due to Garoufalidis-Lê-Zeilberger. In doing so, we also quantize formulae of Littlewood, Merris and Watkins concerning induced character immanants. Le Théorème Master de MacMahon peut être vu comme un corollaire d'un résultat de Goulden et Jackson décrivant certaines formules satisfaites par les caractères immanants. Dans cet article, on obtient une version quantique des formules de Goulden et Jackson, ce qui permet de donner une nouvelle preuve du résultat de Garoufalidis, Lê et Zeilberger sur la quantification du Théorème Master de MacMahon. Ce faisant, on arrive aussi à quantifier les formules de Littlewood, Merris et Watkins concernant les caractères immanants induits.

Koszul algebras and the quantum MacMahon master theorem

We give a new proof of the quantum version of MacMahon's master theorem due to Garoufalidis, Lê and Zeilberger (in the one-parameter case) and to Konvalinka and Pak (in the multiparameter case) by deriving it from known facts about Koszul algebras.

A basis for the right quantum algebra and the “1=q” principle

We construct a basis for the right quantum algebra introduced by Garoufalidis, Lê and Zeilberger and give a method making it possible to go from an algebra subject to commutation relations (without the variable q) to the right quantum algebra by means of an appropriate weight-function. As a consequence, a strong quantum MacMahon Master Theorem is derived. Besides, the algebra of biwords is systematically in use.

Non-commutative extensions of the MacMahon Master Theorem

We present several non-commutative extensions of the MacMahon Master Theorem, further extending the results of Cartier–Foata and Garoufalidis–Lê–Zeilberger. The proofs are combinatorial and new even in the classical cases. We also give applications to the β-extension and Krattenthaler–Schlosser's q-analogue.

Non-Commutative Sylvester's Determinantal Identity

Sylvester's identity is a classical determinantal identity with a simple linear algebra proof. We present combinatorial proofs of several non-commutative extensions, and find a $\beta$-extension that is both a generalization of Sylvester's identity and the $\beta$-extension of the quantum MacMahon master theorem.

Specializations and extensions of the quantum MacMahon Master Theorem

We study some specializations and extensions of the quantum version of the MacMahon Master Theorem derived by Garoufalidis, Lê and Zeilberger. In particular, we obtain a ( t , q ) -analogue for the Cartier–Foata noncommutative version and a semi-strong ( t , q ) -analogue for the contextual algebra.

A new proof of the Garoufalidis–Lê–Zeilberger quantum MacMahon Master Theorem

We propose a new proof of the quantum version of MacMahon's Master Theorem, established by Garoufalidis, Lê and Zeilberger.

Extension of MacMahon's Master Theorem to pre-semi-rings

An extended version of the classical MacMahon's “Master Theorem” to algebraicstructures much more general than the field of real numbers, namely semi-rings and even pre-semi-rings, is proposed. Due to the fact that many semi-rings or pre-semi-rings are not additive groups, such concepts as the determinant of a matrix cannot be used any more, and the statement of the result itself has to be significantly different. When specialized to the field of real numbers, however, the extended result is shown to reduce to the classical version of MacMahon's “Master Theorem”.