Enterprises Of Machine-building Industry Research Articles

APPLICATION OF METHODS OF THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BY PROCESS PLANNING

The results of the analysis of the current state of the level of automation of process planning at the enterprises of the machine-building industry are presented in the paper. A comparative analysis of two methods of organizing the work of the technological service of the enterprise is carried out, the analysis is carried out on the example of the studied standard product. An enlarged method of calculating the time spent on process planning are presented. The calculations of reducing labor intensity, expressed in monetary terms, are given. The plan of introduction of artificial intelligence in process planning at the enterprises of machine-building industry are presented. The possibilities of further growth of production automation based on computer-aided design systems and artificial intelligence technologies are considered. The analysis of each stage of process planning allows us to conclude that the digitalization of production will allow us to move to a new level of automation, combining individual automation elements into a single integrated system. In conclusion, performance indicators from the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies, increased productivity and reduced labor intensity are noted.

Formation of mutual relations between enterprises and business partners in the process of preparation and production of new products

This article summarizes the scientific approaches to improving the quality of relations between the enterprise and business partners in preparation for the release and production of new products in today's economic realities. The study's main purpose is to substantiate and develop a methodological approach for determining effective relationship models between enterprises and business partners to prepare and produce new products. The article presents a developed four-stage methodological approach. The first stage of the study presents an analysis of existing approaches to forming relationships between the enterprise and business-business partners to prepare and produce new products. In the second stage, factual data on machine-building industry enterprises' functioning were collected to determine the effectiveness of cooperation and success, which are the key components that improve the quality of relations between the enterprise and business partners in preparing new products. At the third stage, partners' priority was determined to characterize the quality of the relationship between machine-building enterprises and business-business partners. The fourth stage determined the relationship between the qualitative levels of business partners' priority and appropriate relationship models to prepare and produce new products. The study used expert methods, multidimensional factor analysis, additive convolution method, structural-logical method, graphical method. A survey of enterprise representatives was conducted to assess the effectiveness of cooperation on 12 surveyed machine-building enterprises. Partial indicators were identified and substantiated by multidimensional factor analysis, generalized for making decisions about business partner enterprises' existing opportunities to prepare and produce new products. Based on the calculation of the integrated indicator, partners' priority was determined. That characterized the quality of relations between machine-building enterprises and business-business partners in preparing and producing new products. According to the Harrington scale specified for the economic conditions of Ukraine, the qualitative levels of partner companies' priority were determined. The proposed effective models of relationships for preparing and producing new products are put in line with them. The study results could improve the quality and validity of the formation and maintenance of relationships between enterprises and business partners in preparing and producing new products.

EFFICIENCY OF ENTERPRISE COSTS MANAGEMENT IN MODERN СONDITIONS

The issues of improving enterprise cost management in modern conditions have been studied. Enterprise costs and product cost are the most important indicators that determine its financial results and the efficiency of economic activity in general. The effectiveness of cost management allows you to determine the reserves of their reduction and the possibility of intensive development. The main directions of analytical procedures for cost management and production cost have been considered. Production cost indicators have been analysed: cost of unit of goods, cost of all realized production, costs per one ruble of realized production and their change in time. The main factors that reduce the cost of production, which are generally divided into external and internal, have been assessed. Separate cost elements and possibilities of their decrease as well as reserves of cost management in perspective have been reviewed. The impact of inflation on the cost and prices of the enterprise’s manufactured products has been estimated, the main measures to improve cost management in order to increase the efficiency of the enterprise work have been given. The presented analysis is recommended for use at the machine-building industry enterprises, as well as at the enterprises that produce a wide range of products.

The intellectual capital as the important factor of ensuring competitiveness of the enterprises of mechanical engineering industry of Ukraine at the present stage of development of innovative economy

In modern conditions, competitiveness is manifested in the effective use by economic entities of their financial and intellectual capital through the growth of technological and managerial components in the development of innovation processes. Since financial resources, from the point of view of the enterprise economy, cannot be considered as a stable source of its competitive advantages, the attention is focused on the intellectual component of the enterprise’s competitiveness. The purpose of the study is to determine the essence of intellectual capital and its importance for ensuring the competitiveness of the Ukraine’s machine-building industry enterprises at the present stage of the country’s innovative economy development in terms of transferring to the knowledge economy. Intellectual capital should include special abilities of the personnel, based on knowledge, skills and experience, as well as provide particularly valuable information for the enterprise, which is the basis of significant competitive advantages in domestic and foreign markets in an innovative economy. The thesis that information, knowledge, experience, intangible assets acquire new significance, which in their interaction and development originate a new category of “intellectual capital”, is substantiated. The authors’ definition of the “intellectual capital” category is formulated taking into account the study of this concept from the standpoint of the definitions of capital interpretation. Intellectual capital is an intellectual resource (knowledge, experience, skills) which, if used effectively, turns into added value and ensures the competitiveness of the enterprise.

Assessment of the state of machine-building industry in Ukraine

The object of research is the machine-building industry of Ukraine, which is one of the most important industries of Ukraine. One of the most problematic areas is the reduction in the volume of production and sales of products, the decrease in sales markets due to the crisis state of the country. It is proposed to use diagnostics and monitoring tools to assess the activities of machine-building industry enterprises, which will allow to identify «bottlenecks» in a timely manner. Thanks to the use of diagnostic and monitoring tools, enterprises can continuously analyze the methods used to improve the condition, and conduct observations of the results.The evaluation of the performance of machine-building in the Zaporizhzhia region was carried out. According to the calculated data, it can be said that the engineering industry of the Zaporizhzhia region is gradually gaining momentum in the production and sale of manufactured products. But since 2013, there has been a slight decline in the exports of machine-building products and of Ukraine in general and machine-building enterprises in the Zaporizhzhia region in particular. The prices of the Zaporizhzhia region as one of the ways to improve the state of the machine-building industry is creation of joint ventures with foreign partners and increase investment attractiveness, because there are all conditions for efficient and profitable operation of industrial enterprises.Due to the evaluation of the performance indicators of machine-building in the Zaporizhzhia region, factors that inhibit the development of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises are identified, including the lack of high-tech industries, outdated management methods, low level of innovation and investment attractiveness. To overcome these negative factors and for the successful development of the industry, it is necessary to maintain the competitiveness of products on the global and domestic markets by improving the quality and reliability of the products

Improvement plan of the machine-building enterprises development during the economic crisis

The presented paper is devoted to the development of the optimization management model of machine-building enterprises. In the current economic conditions the effective crisis increases the relevance of the financial management of the enterprise as a system of timely methods and techniques which can prevent a financial crisis and avoid the bankruptcy. The development of the engineering complex ofUkraine, leading to the absence of mechanisms for crisis management industry and their further improvement, makes proposals to form the financial equilibrium of the enterprise in the long term. Implementation of the proposed optimization model of management at the enterprises of machine-building industry has a positive effect on financial position, restoring the solvency for urgent financial obligations of the company and creates the conditions for the further development of the company. Research aim is to develop and implement an efficient algorithm of action to venture out the economic crisis, in conditions of limited materials, financial and time resources, based on international experience and examples of good practices of advanced countries, which will optimize the management of the engineering enterprise.