Lymphocyte Ratio Research Articles

The Prognostic Value of a Naples Score in Determining in-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Endovascular Treatment

Background/Objectives: The Naples prognostic score (NPS), reflecting inflammation and nutritional status, has prognostic value, especially in cancer. This study evaluated its ability to predict in-hospital mortality in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT). Methods: We retrospectively studied 244 patients with AIS who were admitted between April 2020 and December 2023. Patients were included if they presented within 6 h of symptom onset with evidence of intracranial proximal arterial occlusion. The EVT was performed using aspiration catheters, stent retrievers, or both. The NPS was calculated based on the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte–monocyte ratio, and albumin and total cholesterol levels. Results: We found a significant association between higher NPS scores and in-hospital mortality. Patients with a high NPS (3 or 4) had a mortality rate of 41.6% compared to 21.0% in the low-NPS group (0, 1, or 2). The full model incorporating NPS showed superior predictive ability for in-hospital mortality compared with the baseline model (areas under the curve 0.881 vs. 0.808). A receiver-operating characteristic analysis at a cutoff of >2.5 for the NPS showed a sensitivity of 86.6% and specificity of 41.9%. This study demonstrated that incorporating the NPS into the predictive model improved the accuracy and calibration for predicting in-hospital mortality. A decision curve analysis showed the net benefit of using the full model incorporating NPS over the baseline model, emphasizing its potential clinical application in prognostication. Conclusions: NPS is a reliable predictor of in-hospital mortality in AIS patients undergoing EVT. Incorporating NPS into clinical practice could help to identify high-risk patients and improve outcomes through tailored interventions.

Does the distribution of light intensity within the barn impact broiler production and welfare?

ABSTRACT 1. The objective of this study was to determine if rearing broilers under variable light intensity (VLI) impacted their welfare or productivity. 2. Ross 308 broilers (n = 7,256) were reared until 35 d of age and exposed to a uniform intensity of 10 lux (CON) or VLI with low intensity areas of 2–5 lux proximal to the walls and high intensity areas of 84–133 lux proximal to feeders. 3. The data were analysed as a complete randomised design using an analysis of variance. Significance was declared when p ≤ 0.05. 4. Applying VLI resulted in increased feed intake early in life but had no impact on body weight. Overall efficiency was improved in the CON treatment. Mortality diagnoses of skeletal problems were reduced under VLI. Treatment had no impact on footpad, hock or gait score, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio or melatonin concentration. Birds performed certain behaviours in specific locations within the room, independent of light intensity treatment. 5. In conclusion, raising broilers under VLI had little impact on production or most welfare parameters assessed in this study. However, satisfying the bird’s preference for different light intensities may improve welfare.

Retraction Note: The association between neutrophil—lymphocyte ratio and poor outcomes following infant cardiac surgery

Retraction Note: The association between neutrophil—lymphocyte ratio and poor outcomes following infant cardiac surgery

Actinomyces status and inflammatory biomarkers in post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage cases

Background The presence of Actinomyces can be associated with complications. Aims This study aimed to determine the frequency of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH), the presence of Actinomyces in palatine tonsils and serum inflammatory biomarker levels in PTH. Material and methods The cases who underwent tonsillectomy at a single center were included in the study. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) values were calculated from the complete blood count test. The presence of Actinomyces was recorded from histopathological tonsillectomy material. Results A total of 1137 patients were included in the study. Actinomyces was detected in 93 (8.18%) patients. Bleeding complications were encountered in 65 cases (5.72%). No relationship was detected between the presence of Actinomyces and PTH rates (p = 0.433). While a relationship was found between age, NLR, and SIRI values and Actinomyces status (respectively, p < 0.001, p = 0.017, p = 0.038), no statistically significant relationship was found between tonsil size, PLR, and SII (p > 0.05). Conclusion and significance According to the data in our study, NLR and SIRI values were elevated in subjects with Actinomyces. Our findings suggest that this entity has a systemic manifestation. Serum inflammatory biomarkers and the presence of Actinomyces were not found to be associated with PTH.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a marker of disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a marker of disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Role of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a predictor in Risk Stratifying Patients with NSTE-ACS

Role of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a predictor in Risk Stratifying Patients with NSTE-ACS

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients.

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients.

The Predictive Value of Perioperative Inflammatory Indexes in Major Arterial Surgical Revascularization from Leriche Syndrome

Objectives: The role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis is extensive. Our study aims to assess the predictive role of inflammatory indexes regarding in-hospital mortality in major vascular surgery of Leriche syndrome as a convenient, low-cost, and noninvasive prognostic marker to optimize the patient’s perioperative course. Methods: Our retrospective single-center study enrolled consecutive patients diagnosed with aortoiliac occlusive disease, Leriche syndrome, who underwent elective major vascular surgery between 2017 and 2023 in a tertiary cardiovascular center. Preoperative, postoperative, and day-one after-surgery data, including systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte–lymphocyte ratio, were studied to the endpoint, in-hospital death. We also tested the delta values of the indexes to the endpoint. The indexes were compared to the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) and Vascular Surgery Group Cardiac Risk Index (VSG-CRI) for outcome prediction. Results: The tested inflammatory indexes significantly increased from the preoperative to postoperative and, further, to the day-one settings. Preoperative AISI (p = 0.040) emerged as the only independent risk factor regarding in-hospital death occurrence in Leriche patients who underwent major revascularization surgery. While RCRI did not significantly predict the endpoint (AUC = 0.698, p = 0.057), VSG-CRI (AUC = 0.864, p = 0.001) presented the best result in ROC analysis. Postoperative NLR (AUC = 0.758, p = 0.006) was next, followed by NLR postoperative–preoperative (_Preop-_Postop) delta value (AUC = 0.725, p = 0.004), postoperative SIRI (AUC = 0.716, p = 0.016), SIRI_Preop-_Postop delta value (AUC = 0.712, p = 0.016), postoperative SII (AUC = 0.692, p = 0.032), and SII_Preop-_Postop delta value (AUC = 0.631, p = 0.030). Conclusions: Inflammatory indexes are valuable tools for assessing perioperative risk in major vascular surgery, enhancing the value of the already validated risk scores.

Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio In Breast Cancer: Prognostic Value

Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio In Breast Cancer: Prognostic Value

Associations between inflammatory markers and carotid plaques in CKD: mediating effects of eGFR–a cross-sectional study

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health concern associated with a high prevalence of carotid plaques, which are indicators of atherosclerosis and predictors of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Inflammation is a hallmark of CKD, contributing to both renal dysfunction and cardiovascular complications. This study aims to investigate the association between inflammatory markers—systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), aggregate inflammatory status index (AISI), monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR)—and carotid plaques in CKD patients, and to explore the potential mediating role of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in this relationship.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted on patients admitted to the Division of Nephrology between January 2023 and June 2023. The primary endpoint was the presence of carotid plaques assessed using ultrasound imaging. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between inflammatory markers and carotid plaques, and trend tests were performed to evaluate the trending association of carotid plaques risk and inflammatory markers in tertiles. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to assess potential non-linear relationships, and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine consistency across different strata. Mediation analysis was performed to explore the role of eGFR.ResultsOf the 609 participants, 387 were included in the final analysis after applying exclusion criteria. Elevated levels of LnSIRI (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.25–2.80), LnSII (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.09–2.56), LnAISI (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.22–2.37), LnMHR (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.15–3.26), LnNHR (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.10–3.02), and LnMLR (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.18–4.34) were significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques. There were significant trends for increasing tertiles of SIRI, AISI, MHR and NHR. RCS analysis showed no significant non-linear associations. Subgroup analyses indicated similar associations across most strata. eGFR partially mediated these relationships, with proportions mediated ranging from 14.7 to 17.5%.ConclusionsInflammatory markers are significantly associated with carotid plaques in CKD patients, with eGFR playing a partial mediating role. These findings highlighted the importance of managing inflammation and maintaining renal function to mitigate the risk of atherosclerosis in CKD patients.Trial registrationNot applicable.

Adherence to Mediterranean diet and female urinary incontinence: Evidence from the NHANES database.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition in female. Oxidative stress and inflammation levels play important roles in UI progression. Mediterranean diet (MD) as a healthy anti-inflammatory dietary pattern has been reported to be associated with several inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between the adherence to Mediterranean diet (aMED) and female UI. Data of study women aged ≥18 years old and diagnosed as stress UI and urgency UI were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. Dietary intake information was obtained by 24-h dietary recall interview. Covariates included sociodemographic information, physical examination, and history of diseases and medication were extracted from the database. The weighted univariable and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between aMED and different types of UI, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis were further evaluated this association based on different age, body mass index (BMI), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), depression and smoking. Totally, 13,291 women were included, of whom 5,921 (44.55%) had stress UI, 4276 (32.17%) had urgency UI and 2570 (19.34%) had mixed UI. After adjusted all covariates, high aMED score was associated with the lower odds of urgency (OR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.75-0.98) and mixed UI (OR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.70-0.99), especially in female, aged 45-60 years old, NLR ≥1.68 and had smoking history. No relationship was found between the aMED and stress UI (P >0.05). Greater aMED was connected with the low odds of urgency UI and mixed UI among female. Adherence to an anti-inflammatory diet in daily life are a promising intervention to be further explored in female UI.

Prognostic value of pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with brain metastasis from cancer: a meta-analysis.

Evidence shows that inflammatory responses play an essential role in the development of brain metastases (BM). The goal of this meta-analysis was to critically evaluate the literature regarding the use of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to predict the prognosis of patients with BM to help clinicians institute early interventions and improve outcomes. We conducted systematic review and meta-analysis, utilizing data from prominent databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Our inclusion criteria encompassed studies investigating the studies that assessed the association between NLR and overall survival (OS). We included 11 articles, with 2629 eligible patients, to evaluate the association between NLR and OS. High NLR was significantly associated with shorter OS, with a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 1.82 (95% CI 1.57-2.11). Subgroup analysis revealed that this association was consistent across different regions, with HRs of 2.03 (95% CI 1.67-2.46) in Asian populations and 1.58 (95% CI 1.35-1.84) in non-Asian populations. Additionally, in a subgroup analysis based on NLR cut-off values, patients with NLR ≥ 3 had an HR of 1.69 (95% CI 1.46-1.96), while those with NLR < 3 had an HR of 2.26 (95% CI 1.64-3.11). Sensitivity analysis confirmed that no single study significantly influenced the pooled effect size. Our meta-analysis confirmed the prognostic value of NLR in patients with brain metastasis.

Preoperative Delta Neutrophil Index, Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio and Immature Granulocyte Count for Differentiating Metastatic Colon Cancer from Non-Metastatic Colon Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

Immature granulocytes show bone marrow activation before neutrophil response and there are studies in the literature showing that the number of immature granulocytes is an auxiliary marker in the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. The Delta Neutrophil Index (DNI), Immature Granulocyte Count (IGC) have previously been studied as markers in thyroid and breast cancers. The aim of this study was to determine whether immature granulocyte IGC and DNI values measured in preoperative blood parameters have a diagnostic benefit for the detection of advanced colon cancer. A study was conducted on patients who had undergone selective operation for colon cancer in our clinic from February 2015 to February 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: early stage (stage I-III) and advanced stage (stage IV) colon cancer. The IGC and DNI values as well as other hematological parameters, demographic parameters (sex, age) in these two groups were compared. A total of 43 patients with mean age 67.47 (35-96) years were included in the study. Eighteen of the patients were male and 25 were female. When the early stage and advanced stage colon cancer groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was found between age, sex, white blood cell count, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, eosinophil count, basophil count, mean platelet volume and: systemic immune-inflammation index score. It was observed that platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, IGC and DNI or Immature Granulocyte Percentage (IGP) values were statistically significantly higher in the metastatic colon cancer group compared to the non-metastatic group. When the specificity and sensitivity of laboratory markers in metastatic colon cancer were examined, it was observed that the specificity and sensitivity of DNI or IGP and IGC were statistically higher than other values. DNI, IGC and PLR values, which are the parameters measured in the preoperative period are easily measurable laboratory parameters and do not involve additional costs in differentiating metastatic from non-metastatic colon cancer in the preoperative period.

Immunomodulatory Effects of a Prebiotic Formula with 2'-Fucosyllactose and Galacto- and Fructo-Oligosaccharides on Cyclophosphamide (CTX)-Induced Immunosuppressed BALB/c Mice via the Gut-Immune Axis.

Obejectives: This study explored the immunomodulatory effects of a prebiotic formula consisting of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs) (hereinafter referred to as 2FGF) in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed BALB/c mice and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Sixty healthy female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the following groups: normal control (NC) group; CTX treatment (CTX) group; 2FGF low-dose (2FGF-L) group; 2FGF medium-dose (2FGF-M) group; and 2FGF high-dose (2FGF-H) group. An immunosuppressed model was established in the 2FGF-H group by intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg CTX. After 30 days of 2FGF intervention, peripheral blood, spleen tissue, thymus tissue, and intestinal tissue from the mice were collected and analyzed. The changes in weight and food intake of the mice were recorded weekly. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the histological change of the spleen tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect cytokine levels in peripheral blood. Flow cytometry was used to analyze T lymphocyte subgroup ratio of splenic lymphocytes. Western blot analysis was conducted on intestinal tissues to assess the expression of proteins involved in the tight junction, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Additionally, molecular techniques were used to analyze the intestinal microbiota. Results: The results showed that 2FGF restored CTX-induced splenic injury, increased the number of splenic T lymphocytes, and elevated serum cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10. In the intestine, 2FGF upregulated the expression of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins such as Claudin-1 and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), thereby enhancing intestinal barrier function and activating the MAPK and NF-κB pathways via TLR4. Furthermore, 2FGF elevated the α-diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) of the gut microbiota in CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, enriching bacteria species positively correlated with anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-4) such as g_Streptomyces and g_Bacillus and negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β) such as g_Saccharomyces. The results suggest that 2FGF may enhance immunity via the gut-immune axis. Conclusions: The 2FGF prebiotic formula showed an immunomodulatory effect in CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, and the mechanism of which might involve optimizing the gut flora, enhancing intestinal homeostasis, strengthening the intestinal barrier, and promoting the expression of immune factors by regulating the TLR-4/MAPK/NF-κB pathway.

Analysis Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Monocyte-to- Lymphocyte Ratios in Pediatric Respiratory Infections

Indonesia ranks third among countries with the highest tuberculosis (TB) cases worldwide. Pneumonia also stands as a leading cause of death among infants in developing nations. The delay in diagnosing and the challenges in distinguishing TB and pneumonia have significant impacts on elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Both Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) serve as inflammatory biomarkers utilized for rapid and straightforward bacteremia evaluation. This study aimed to analyze the difference between NLR and MLR in diagnosing of TB and pneumonia in children. This study was retrospective cross-sectional research utilizing secondary data at the time of initial diagnosis by a clinician as TB or pneumonia. Subjects with TB and/or pneumonia were treated at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar from January 2017 to December 2021. The research sample consisted of 150 patients with pediatric patients with pneumonia. Statistical analyses involved the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). This study examined NLR and MLR as supportive biomarkers for diagnosing TB and pneumonia. The NLR (AUC 0.674) and MLR (AUC 0.63) values in TB subjects were reasonably good in distinguishing between TB diagnosis and healthy subjects. The NLR (AUC 0.77) and MLR (AUC 0.787) values were effective in distinguishing pneumonia diagnosis from healthy control with better sensitivity and specificity compared to TB subjects. However, NLR (AUC 0.401) and MLR (AUC 0.384) values were not recommended to distinguish pneumonia from tuberculosis due to low AUC and extremely low sensitivity and specificity. The NLR and MLR values cannot be used to differentiate TB and pneumonia in children due to their low sensitivity and specificity.

The Prognostication of Surgically Resected Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Pre-Therapy Neutrophil and Lymphocyte Counts.

Hematological markers, such as neutrophils (ANC), lymphocyte (ALC), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), may serve as indicators of systemic inflammation and immune response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, their prognostic significance across HNSCC subtypes remains to be fully elucidated. We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial involving patients with surgically resected HNSCC with either positive margins or extranodal extension. These patients received either adjuvant chemoradiation with or without lapatinib. We explored the correlation between pre-therapy ANC, ALC, and NLR levels and overall survival (OS) as well as disease-free survival (DFS). A sub-group analysis examined potential links between these markers, primary tumor location, and HPV status. Of the 688 patients in the trial, we included 681 patients with documented pre-therapy ANC and ALC values. High pre-therapy ANC and ALC were significantly associated with reduced OS (HR, 1.56; 95% CI: 1.19-2.05) and (HR, 1.34; 95% CI: 1.01-1.79), respectively. High NLR did not significantly affect OS (HR, 1.09; 95% CI: 0.81-1.47). Subgroup analysis indicated significantly reduced OS in patients with high ANC across oropharyngeal, non-oropharyngeal, and HPV-negative subtypes. High ANC, ALC, and NLR did not impact DFS notably. Elevated pre-therapy ANC is strongly associated with decreased survival across all patients and subgroups, ALC was only significant in the general patient analysis. NLR's association with reduced OS was not statistically significant. These biomarkers may provide greater prognostic value in patients with oropharyngeal cancer and seemed to be more strongly associated with OS than DFS. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00424255; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00424255.

The role of interleukin-20 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A biomarkers in the detection of renal impairment in patients with multiple myeloma

ABSTRACT Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant incurable disease characterized by monoclonal plasma cell increase associated with renal impairment. Evaluation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), hemoglobin/red cell distribution width (HB/RDW), interleukin-20 (IL-20), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) in patients with MM (with or without renal impairment) as prognostic and severity indicators. Research design and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on sixty MM patients with renal impairment, sixty MM patients without renal impairment, and sixty subjects (control group). Complete blood count, IL-20 immunoassay, and gene expression of IL-20, and VEGFA were evaluated. Results Higher levels of NLR, MLR, and IL-20, moreover lower levels of PLR, HB/RDW, as well as upregulation of IL-20, and VEGFA gene expression were detected in MM patients especially renal impairment. Receiver operating characteristic curves analysis of NLR, MLR, PLR, and IL-20 showed high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of MM and disease stages. Conclusions NLR, MLR, PLR, HB/RDW, IL-20, and VEGFA may be implicated in the inflammatory process of MM and renal impairment pathogenesis. NLR, MLR, and IL-20 can be used as prognostic markers in MM stages.

Prognostic value of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and death in patients with liver cirrhosis

Introduction. The search for markers reflecting immune disorders and their contribution to the progression of liver cirrhosis (LC) is very relevant.Aim. To study the possibility of using the “neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio” indicator as a predictor of the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and death.Materials and methods. For a retrospective clinical study, 225 case histories of patients with cirrhosis were selected from 2008 to 2018. Three groups were formed from them: group 1: patients with cirrhosis class A according to Child – Pugh (n = 24); group 2: patients with cirrhosis class B and C according to Child – Pugh (n = 201) and group 3: healthy individuals (n = 50). The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) indicator in the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and death in patients with cirrhosis was analyzed.Results. Patients with LC had statistically significantly higher values of NLR compared to healthy individuals (p &lt; 0.001). The NLR indicator is an independent risk factor and a statistically significant predictor of the development of SIRS in patients with LC. A NLR value &gt; 3.59 had a sensitivity of 0.38 [95% CI: 0.28; 0.48] and specificity 0.93 [95% CI: 0.87; 0.97]. NLR served as a statistically significant predictor of death (p &lt; 0.001). A NLR value &gt; 4.5 had a sensitivity of 0.24 [95% CI: 0.15; 0.36] and specificity 0.97 [95% CI: 0.92; 0.99].Conclusion. An NLR value of more than 3.59 increases the risk of developing SIRS in patients with cirrhosis, and an NLR value of more than 4.5 increases the risk of death.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HOSPITALIZATION PERIOD IN PATIENTS WHO DIED AS A RESULT OF COVID-19 WITH ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS

The aim. To identify adverse risk factors in hospitalized patients with fatal consequences of the coronavirus disease-2019 and its acute cardiovascular complications. Materials and methods. A retrospective study was conducted of 66 people in the study group with acute respiratory failure and cardiovascular complications due to COVID-19. The comparison group was 48 people who died of acute cardiovascular events without SARS-CoV-2 infection or other bacterial or viral diseases. The criteria for inclusion in the study group were the presence of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by the polymerase chain reaction method, the presence of acute cardiovascular complications during COVID-19, and patients hospitalized during its treatment. Inclusion criteria for the comparison group were hospitalized patients with acute cardiovascular diseases that led to death without SARS-CoV-2 infection. The exclusion criteria for both groups were: age before 18 years old; absence of informed consent of the authorized person of dead person or the decision of the authorized person to withdraw from the study at any of the stages; the presence of other co-infections that could have a cumulative negative effect on the state of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems (flu virus, hepatitis virus, human immunodeficiency virus, pathogens that led to symptoms of acute intestinal infections). Age and gender distribution, comorbidities, length of hospitalization, and laboratory markers were evaluated in both cohorts. Cardiovascular complications were confirmed by the results of ultrasound examinations, computed tomography angiography and comparison with postmortem morphological findings in autopsy reports for the analysis of the current study,. The results. There were 48 men (72.7%) and 18 women (27.3%) in the study group of 66 patients who developed cardiovascular complications at the background of COVID-19, and in the comparison group – 39 men (81.3%) and 9 women (18.7%), which indicates acceptable comparability of the groups among themselves due to sex (p=0.374) and age (p=0.338). In particular, the age median for men in the study group was 65 years (IQR - 21 years), with minimum and maximum age values ​​– 36 and 83 years, respectively; the median age for women in the study group was also 65 years (IQR – 12.5 years), with the lower and upper age limits in the group being 41 and 78 years. The age median for men in the comparison group was 62 years (IQR 15 years), with a lower and upper age range of 54 and 81 years. The age median for women in the comparison group was 68 years (IQR – 16.5 years), with the lower and upper age values ​​in the group being 55 and 79 years. Men and women of the comparison group did not statistically differ from each other in terms of age (р=0.412). A significant difference was found between the length of hospitalization in both cohorts (р˂0.00001) – the median length of stay in hospital for the study group was 15 days, and for the comparison group – 10 days. It was established that malignant diseases were an additional concomitant factor of mortality in the group of patients with COVID-19 (р=0.043). The percentage ratio of neutrophils (p=0.048) and lymphocytes (p=0.031) in patients of the study group significantly differed. Conclusions. Unfavorable risk factors in patients with fatal consequences of Coronavirus disease-2019 and acute cardiovascular complications were concomitant oncological pathology, a long period of hospitalization, and changes in the percentage ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes.

Diagnostic value of baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT and peripheral blood inflammatory markers for aggressive lymphoma in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of baseline F18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) parameters and peripheral blood inflammatory markers in aggressive lymphoma of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and the correlation between peripheral blood inflammatory markers and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). We conducted a retrospective analysis including 121 patients with NHL. Patients were divided into aggressive lymphoma group and indolent lymphoma group. Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test and multivariate stepwise logistic regression were used to analyse. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Additionally, Spearman correlation analysis was utilized to explore the correlation between peripheral blood inflammatory markers and SUVmax. Leptin mass criterion uptake value (SUL)max, SUVmax, SUVavg, SUVpeak, focal SUVmax/liver SUVmax, focal SUVmax/ mediastinal SUVmax, SULavg, SULpeak, systemic immune-inflammation, neutrophil ratio, total lesion glycolysis, neutrophils versus lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin-to-white blood cell ratio, lactate dehydrogenase and lymphocyte ratio between two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). SUVmax was an independent influencing factor, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.862. There was a positive correlation between the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and SUVmax (r = 0.239; P = 0.008). PET/CT parameters and peripheral blood inflammatory markers have certain value in the diagnosis of aggressive lymphoma in NHL, among which SUVmax is an independent influencing marker and is positively correlated with PLR.