Differences In Lymphocyte Counts Research Articles

Does obesity cause chronic inflammation? The association between complete blood parameters with body mass index and fasting glucose.

Objective:This study aimed to determine the relationship of complete blood count (CBC) parameters and derivates with fasting blood sugar and the body mass index.Methods:This was a prospective, observational clinical study. Hospitalized patients who received a physiotherapy program in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic between March and June 2016 were included. The age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), C-reactive protein, and CBC parameters (leukocytes, platelets, neutrophil, lymphocytes, and monocytes) and red cell distribution width, platelet distribution width, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet–lymphocyte ratio of the patients were recorded. The relationship between the BMI, fasting glucose, and CBC parameters and derivates were investigated. Patients were divided into groups based on BMI: BMI≤25 kg/m2, normal; BMI=26–30 kg/m2, overweight; and BMI>30 kg/m2, obese. A P value>0.005 was considered statistically significant.Results:A significant difference in the lymphocyte count, ESR, and NLR values was observed among the three groups (P=0.011; P=0.021; P=0.04). A significant difference in NLR was found between groups 1 and 3 (P=0.04). Between groups 1 and 3, a significant difference in platelet count was noted (P=0.013). On dividing the patients into two groups: normal and overweight/obese, a significant difference in lymphocyte count, glucose, and ESR values was observed (P=0.038; P=0.05; P=0.013). The lymphocyte count, ESR, and glucose values were found to be higher in the overweight group. According to Spearman’s correlation analysis, the BMI and NLR values were found to be negatively correlated (P=0.029; r=.145); however, the lymphocyte count and ESR values were positively correlated (P=0.009; r=.173); (P=0.013; r=.182).Conclusion:This study found a negative correlation between the NLR and BMI values and a lower NLR value in the obese group compared with the normal group. The overweight group showed a higher lymphocyte count, thereby confirming the positive correlation of lymphocyte count with BMI. A comprehensive clarification of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between obesity and inflammation may allow developing treatment strategies to reduce the negative effects of obesity.

Differential fatty acid analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in infants and young children with suspected meningitis

Meningitis is relatively common in infants and young children and can cause permanent brain damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether meningitis is associated with fatty acids in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF samples from children between 3months and 6years of age admitted to the Tabriz public hospitals who met clinical criteria of meningitis were collected at enrollment. A total of 81 samples were analyzed for fatty acid profile by gas-liquid chromatography. Children with a purulent meningitis demonstrated a higher percentage of oleic acid (p<0.05, >10%) and lower percentages of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (p<0.001, <-40%) than aseptic meningitis and nonmeningitis groups did. There was an inverse relationship between CSF long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and the total number of leukocytes and differential counts of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the purulent meningitis group. Moreover, significantly lower omega-3 fatty acids (p=0.001, -37%) and higher ratio of n-6/n-3 (p=0.02, -29%) were found in patients with purulent meningitis with sepsis than in those with meningitis and no sepsis. This study provides evidence that purulent meningitis and its complication with sepsis are associated with important disturbances in CSF fatty acids, mainly deficiency in long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Acyclovir-induced nephrotoxicity in a pregnant woman with chickenpox

Acyclovir is a commonly used antiviral agent for the treatment of herpes simplex and herpes zoster infection. According to the Food and Drug Administration, it is classified as a category B drug and is safe for use during pregnancy [1]. Adverse effects of acyclovir include mild symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, to more severe symptoms, including neutropenia, hepatitis, and StevenseJohnson syndrome [2]. Reversible nephrotoxicity can be diagnosed in approximately 5e10% of patients undergoing intravenous (IV) administration. The precipitation of acyclovir crystals results in kidney damage and a rapid rise in serum creatinine [3,4]. However, drug-associated complications during pregnancy have not been documented. A 33-year-old pregnant woman, G2P1, at 31 weeks' gestation presented at the outpatient department with a 2-day history of generalized tiny vesicles on the erythematous base over her trunk and genital area. She was previously started on oral acyclovir (800 mg 4 times daily) under the impression of chickenpox by a dermatologist. Additionally, she reported abdominal tightness, poor intake, and general weakness. Fetal nonstress test showed uterine contractions. The patient was admitted for management of preterm labor in association with chickenpox. Upon admission, her blood pressure was 118/67 mmHg, dipstick test of urinalysis showed trace proteins, and laboratory findings revealed a hemoglobin level of 10.7 g/dL and a hematocrit of 33.9%. The differential counts of lymphocytes and monocytes were 10.7% and 11.2%,

Association between Glycemic Control and Hematologic Indices in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

This article is available from http://www.labmedonline.org 2016, Laboratory Medicine Online This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by impaired glucose regulation and various complications. It is known that chronic inflammation and platelet activation play a role in development of insulin resistance or diabetic complications. This study investigated whether hematologic parameters are useful for monitoring blood glucose regulation or complications in DM patients. Methods: Total 90 diabetic patients were divided into two groups according to their hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels: 59 regulated DM patients with HbA1c levels<7% and 31 unregulated DM patients with HbA1c levels≥7%. Results: White blood cell counts (P =0.021), neutrophil counts (P =0.005), monocyte counts (P =0.040), neutrophil % (P =0.042) and the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (P =0.032) were significantly higher in the unregulated DM group compared to that in the regulated DM group. There were no differences in lymphocyte counts, lymphocyte %, monocyte %, mean neutrophil volume, mean monocyte volume, platelet count, and mean platelet volume between groups. Neutrophil counts and NLR were higher in unregulated DM patients with complications than in the regulated DM group. A positive correlation was observed between HbA1c and white blood cell count (r=0.389, P <0.001) and neutrophil count (r=0.361, P <0.001). Conclusions: In DM patients, neutrophil counts and NLR were related to glycemic control and the presence of complications. Additionally, neutrophil counts showed a positive correlation with HbA1c. Therefore, neutrophil counts and NLR can be used as related markers for diabetic regulation and complications during the follow-up of diabetic patients.

Cough and confusion in an elderly man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

A 70-year-old man, diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, with a white blood cell count of 95.3 thymus-helper cells/mm and a differential lymphocyte count of 100%, declined treatment for his leukemia. He presented a year after the diagnosis with lethargy, a productive cough and progressively worsening confusion. On admission, he was found to be in septic shock. A chest CT scan showed bilateral infiltrates (Fig. 1A). The fluidattenuated inversion recovery, T2-weighted axial gradient echo and restricted diffusion MRI sequences are shown in Figure 1B, C and D, respectively. A biopsy from the left frontal

Cough and confusion in an elderly man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Cough and confusion in an elderly man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Nutritive effect of cabbage (&lt;i&gt;Brassica oleracea&lt;/i&gt;) on growth, obesity, lipidaemia and haematology in broiler and pullet chickens

Efficacy of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) for ameliorating the adverse metabolic syndrome side-effects of genetically improved growth rate in chickens was examined. Sixty-four (64) day-old birds (32 Marshall Broilers and 32 Harco Black Pullets) were randomly assigned to groups of eight genotype-matched birds in a 2-factor layout within a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Within genotype, each group was randomly assigned one of four diets (basal/control diet containing 0% cabbage, and, basal diet supplemented with 3%, 6% or 12% cabbage) for 4 weeks. All birds were fed an un-supplemented Broiler finisher diet from week 4 - 8. Bodyweight and Body Mass Index (BMI) were determined weekly. Blood Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Cells (WBC), Red Blood Cells (RBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils and eosinophils), Total serum Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) were determined at age 4 weeks. Irrespective of diet or age, Broilers exhibited significantly greater (p&lt;0.05) body weight, adiposity, and lipidaemia than Pullets, and no interactions between cabbage and genotype were observed for the same traits. Dietary cabbage at 3%, irrespective of genotype significantly (p&lt;0.05) improved body weight beyond week 5 while no significant effect was observed on body fatness as measured by BMI. Cabbage supplementation suppressed broiler eosinophil levels, indicating effects on mediators of innate immune surveillance, but did not influence any other blood haematological parameter, though Broilers exhibited higher (p&lt;0.05) total WBC count and proportion (%) of WBC represented by neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils. In Contrast, Pullets exhibited higher RBC, PCV, and Hb, and lymphocyte and monocyte differential counts. Dietary Cabbage had a nutrigenetic effect on cholesterol: Reduced TC and LDL in Broilers in contrast to its effect in increasing the same lipids in Pullets. Cabbage however lowered HDL Cholesterol (p&lt;0.05) in both genotypes, though the threshold of effect was higher (12%) in Pullets (3%). Thus Cabbage is effective in lowering heart disease risk through lowering of lipidaemia in Broilers, and improves bodyweight at market age (7-8 weeks) at 3% dietary supplementation level.KEYWORDS: Cabbage, Broiler, Pullet, Nutritive, Metabolic syndrome.

Hematological and parasitological changes in mice experimentally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and treated with biotherapy 7dH

IntroductionBiotherapies prepared from Trypanosoma cruzi alter the course of experimental infection by this protozoan, this encouraged the study of these highly diluted medications. The work aimed to evaluate parasitological and hematological parameters in mice experimentally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and treated with T. cruzi biotherapy 7dH. MethodologyA blind randomized controlled study was performed using Swiss mice infected with 1400 trypomastigotes of the Y strain—T. cruzi and divided: IC (infection control treated with water), CTBZ (control treated with benznidazole), and TBB7dH30 (treated with biotherapy T. cruzi 7dH, 30 days before infection). Parasitological parameters were evaluated daily from day 4 of infection until death of animals, and hematological parameters were evaluated on day 0, 4, 8, and 12. ResultsThe TBB7dH30 group had a higher parasitemia peak, with no changes in total parasitemia. The number of red blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin values were reduced earlier than the other groups. However, on day 12 of infection, hematocrit and hemoglobin values were higher compared to IC group. Leukocyte counts were significantly reduced only on day 8 of infection. Similar outcome was obtained in the differential lymphocyte count. Despite eosinophilia, no variation in the amount of these cells was observed during the course of infection, in contrast to IC and CTBZ groups. ConclusionsThe administration of T. cruzi biotherapy 7dH 30 days before infection altered the experimental course of infection by T. cruzi and hematological parameters. However, further studies are necessary that allow confirming the immunomodulatory effects of biotherapy.

Vitamin D Levels Affect Outcome in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

The importance of vitamin D in immunologic processes has recently emerged, but whether it has any impact on the course of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has not been determined. Reports indicate that HSCT recipients, particularly children, often suffer from vitamin D deficiency. This study investigated the role of vitamin D in 123 children undergoing HSCT from 2004 to 2011. Vitamin D (ie, serum calcidiol) was analyzed in collected cryostored samples. Patients were grouped according to pre-HSCT calcidiol level: insufficient (<50 nm/L, n = 38) and sufficient (≥50 nm/L, n = 85). Older children who underwent transplants from January through June and children of Middle Eastern or African origin were more commonly found in the insufficient group. Acute grades II to IV graft-versus-host disease occurred more frequently in the vitamin D sufficient group (47% versus 30%, P = .05), whereas no difference was demonstrated for chronic graft-versus-host disease. The neutrophil granulocytes rose significantly faster in the vitamin D sufficient group. No difference in lymphocyte counts, immunoglobulin levels, or infectious disease burden during the first year post-HSCT were observed. Among children with malignancies, overall survival was significantly better in the sufficient group (87% versus 50%, P = .01). In addition, rejection (0% versus 11%, P = .06) and relapse (4% versus 33%, P = .03) rates were lower in patients with sufficient vitamin D levels. To conclude, vitamin D may have an important impact on the outcome of pediatric HSCT, particularly in patients with malignant disease. Further studies investigating whether vitamin D acts as an immunomodulator or is merely a surrogate marker of patient health or nutritional status are warranted.

Sa1243 Clinical Implications of Measuring Drug and Anti-Drug Antibodies by Different Assays When Optimizing Infliximab Treatment Failure in Crohn's Disease

differences in lymphocyte count or CRP. 3 patients who did not tolerate combination therapy required cessation of treatment due to development of similar symptoms while on monotherapy. There were no adverse effects due to allopurinol for patients on combination therapy. Conclusions: Combination therapy with allopurinol and lowdose thiopurine can be used to overcome adverse drug effects in the majority of patients, whether ‘shunters’ or not. Remission can be achieved in two-thirds. This is an important therapeutic manoeuvre in the limited IBD medication armamentarium.

The Value of Histology in Predicting the Effectiveness of Vulvar Vestibulectomy in Provoked Vestibulodynia

This study aimed to determine whether histology can predict response to vestibulectomy in the management of provoked vestibulodynia. Inflammatory cell, mast cell, and nerve fiber counts were determined in prospectively collected vulvar vestibulectomy specimens from 30 women treated surgically for provoked vestibulodynia. Twenty-three subjects (77%) had a complete early response to surgery. At 3 years of follow-up, this had increased to 28 (93%), with a 29th showing some improvement. No subject had gotten worse after surgery or in the 3 years of follow-up. When comparing patients with an early complete response with those patients who still had symptoms, no difference in lymphocyte counts (27.6 vs. 37.8 per mm), mast cell counts (110.4 vs. 97.8 per mm), or stromal nerve fiber counts (16.4 vs. 16.4 per mm) was found. Vestibulectomy is a very effective treatment option in women with provoked vestibulodynia who have had failed conservative treatment. Histology is unable to predict which patients will respond to surgery.

Performance evaluation of the Sysmex® XE-2100D automated hematology analyzer

Introduction: The Sysmex® XE-2100D is a multiparameter hematology analyzer designed for hematology testing in samples with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). Objectives: Considering the importance of this hematology analyzer for clinical and laboratory practice, the objective of this study was to evaluate its analytical performance, comparing the obtained results with quality specifications described in literature. Material and method: In the evaluation of analytical performance, according to recommendations of the document H26-A2 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), intra-run imprecision, inter-run imprecision, linearity, carryover, autosampler evaluation, clinical sensitivity of the atypical lymphocytes flag (n = 400 samples) were included, as well as the comparison between automated and manual leukocyte differential count (n = 400 samples), based on an adaptation of the document H20-A2 of CLSI. Results: Repeatability, reproducibility, linearity and carryover were satisfactory according to the manufacturer's specifications. The clinical sensitivity of the atypical lymphocytes flag showed efficiency, sensitivity and specificity of 92.5%, 65.2% and 94.1% respectively. The correlation coefficients between the automated and manual differential counts of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils were 0.991, 0.99, 0.872, 0.974 and 0.557, respectively. Conclusions: The results were in accordance with quality specifications described in literature, indicating reliability in Sysmex® XE-2100D. This fact ensures certainty to both laboratory professionals and medical staff. We conclude that the Sysmex® XE-2100D showed excellent analytical performance, and is useful to provide reliable hematology data.

Comparison of hematological parameters between plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium vivax and control group

Aims: Malaria, a morbid disease of Tropical countries, may harmful if it cannot be diagnosed at its early phase, by observing the changes in hematological parameters. Our aim was to compare the hematological parameters between Plasmodium falciparum and vivax in relation to control healthy group in West Bengal. Methods and materials: In total 238 slide or dual antigen positive patients (120= Plasmodium vivax, 118=plasmodium falciparum) clinical hematological, renal parameters were compared. Results: In Plasmodium vivax and falciparum, male to female ratio was 3:1 and 1.3:1 respectively. Significant elevation in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),differential lymphocyte count, creatinine and significant lowering of platelet count, fasting blood sugar (FBS) were observed in plasmodium vivax group, whereas, significant elevation of hemoglobin, differential monocyte count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were seen in plasmodium falciparum group. Haemoglobin and FBS were significantly lower, whereas, ESR, creatinine, differential monocyte count were high in vivax group, total white blood cell and platelet count, hematocrit were low in both Plasmodium infection and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, differential lymphocyte count were significantly low in falciparum group as compared to control group. Conclusion: Combination of low hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and significantly raised ESR is highly significant in predicting severity of Plasmodium infection in patients of malaria endemic areas, which was evidenced in our present study. P. falciparum and vivax suffered from lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia respectively.

Subtypes of White Blood Cells in Patients with Prostate Cancer or Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Healthy Individuals

This study aimed to evaluate the baseline white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, eosinophil count, total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA), free PSA (FPSA) level, neutrophil- to-lymphocyte and neutrophil-to-monocyte ratios among patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as well as healthy individuals. 2005-2012 laboratory files of 160 patients with prostate cancer at Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Oncology Outpatient Clinic, 285 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with BPH in Urology Outpatient Clinic and 200 healthy individuals who were admitted to Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, eosinophil count, TPSA, FPSA level, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio were recorded and compared across groups. Patients with prostate cancer had a lower lymphocyte level compared to the patients with BPH and healthy controls (p<0.001). The mean monocyte count, leukocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and leukocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio were higher in patients with prostate cancer, but without significance. The mean WBC and leukocyte count were lower in patients with prostate cancer, but again without statistical significance (p=0.130). The mean TPSA and FPSA were 39.4 and 5.67, respectively in patients with prostate cancer, while they were 5.78 and 1.28 in patients with BPH. There was a significant difference in the mean TPSA and FPSA levels between the patient groups (p<0.001). Our study results showed that patients with prostate cancer had a lower level of lymphocytes, neutrophils and WBCs and a higher level of monocytes with a significant difference in lymphocyte count, compared to healthy controls. We suggest that lymphocyte count may be used in combination with other parameters in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, thanks to its ease of assessment.

White blood cell differential counts in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study on Chinese women

ObjectiveA state of systemic chronic low grade inflammation has been observed in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It has been suggested that inflammation is a potential mechanism influencing the ovaries or endocrine system and might therefore contribute to the pathophysiology of PCOS. The aim of this study was to compare the total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil granulocyte and lymphocyte differential counts between women with PCOS and controls. In addition, we estimated if the WBC differential counts had a relationship with body mass index (BMI), total testosterone levels, estradiol levels and luteinizing hormone levels of women with PCOS. Study design1016 subjects with PCOS and 1016 age-matched healthy women from a Han Chinese population were enrolled in this case–control study. Blood samples were taken from all the patients and controls to test total WBC counts, lymphocyte counts, neutrophil counts and related serum hormones. ResultsTotal WBC counts and lymphocyte counts were elevated in PCOS subjects (t-test P<0.01). Higher lymphocyte counts which contributed to higher total WBC counts in PCOS women were compared to age-matched controls. When the data were adjusted by BMI, the difference of WBC counts and lymphocyte counts between patients and controls remained significant. ConclusionsThe state of chronic low grade inflammation in patients with PCOS might be associated with immunological factors. Obesity and hyperandrogenism may be due to the underlying low grade inflammation.

How Reliable Are Hematological Parameters in Predicting Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in an Endemic Region?

BackgroundMalaria remains endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. Hematological changes that occur have been suggested as potential predictors of malaria. This study was aimed at evaluating the diagnostic relevance of hematological parameters in predicting malaria.MethodsA cross-sectional study involving 370 patients with signs and symptoms of malaria was conducted at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, from May, 2012 to February, 2013. Thin and thick blood films were prepared for each patient and stained with Giemsa to aid the detection of malaria parasites. Patients’ hematological parameters were determined.ResultsOut of the 370 patients, 61 (16.5%) had malaria. Significant differences in the hematological parameters between P. falciparum malaria parasitemic patients and nonparasitemic patients were only observed in mean (±SD) of the differential monocyte count (10.89 ± 6.23% versus 8.98 ± 5.02%, p = 0.01) and the platelet count (172.43 (± 80.41) ×103 cells/μl versus 217.82 ± (95.96) ×103 cells/μl p = 0.00). The mean (±SD) values of the red blood cell indices (hemoglobin count, MCV, MCH, and MCHC), the differential neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, and the mean platelet volume (MPV) did not significantly differ between the two groups.ConclusionHematological changes are unreliable laboratory indicators of malaria in acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Rapid, effective and user-friendly immunophenotyping of canine lymphoma using a personal flow cytometer.

BackgroundWidespread use of flow cytometry for immunophenotyping in clinical veterinary medicine is limited by cost and requirement for considerable laboratory space, staff time, and expertise. The Guava EasyCyte Plus (Guava Technologies, Hayward, CA, US) is the first, personal, bench-top flow cytometer designed to address these limitations.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to adapt the immunohistochemical protocol used for immunophenotyping of canine lymphoma to the personal flow cytometer for rapid, effective and user-friendly application to the diagnosis and prognosis of canine lymphoma and to demonstrate its practicality for widespread veterinary application. Performance of the personal flow cytometer for immunophenotyping T and B lymphocytes in blood and lymph nodes from normal dogs and dogs with lymphoproliferative disease, was assessed using only two monoclonal antibodies (against CD3 and CD21), and by comparison with analysis using two conventional flow cytometers.Methods26 dogs with lymphoproliferative disease (23 with lymphoma, 3 with lymphocytic leukaemia) were studied along with 15 controls (2 non-lymphoma lymph nodes and 13 non-leukemic bloods. Lymphocytes were immunostained with fluorescent-labeled, monoclonal antibodies against CD3 and CD21. To assess the effectiveness of the personal flow cytometer in discrimination between T and B cell immunophenotypes, T and B cell counts for half the samples (14 blood and 11 lymph node) were also determined using the same method and conventional flow cytometers (FACSCalibur, Cyan Dako). To assess the effectiveness of the personal flow cytometer in discriminating between leukocyte types, lymphocyte differential counts were determined for 21 blood samples and compared with those from automated hematology analyzers (CELL-DYN 3500, n=11 and ADVIA 2120, n=10). Quality and sub-cellular distribution of immunostaining was assessed using fluorescence microscopy.ResultsThe protocol for immunophenotyping took 2 to 3 hours to complete from the point of receipt of sample to reporting of immunophenotype. The personal flow cytometer differential lymphocyte counts correlated highly (n=20; r=0.97, p<0.0001) with those of automated haematology analyzers. The personal flow cytometer counts consistently, but mildly, underestimated the percentages of lymphocytes in the samples (mean bias of -5.3%.). The personal flow cytometer immunophenotype counts were indistinguishable from those of conventional flow cytometers for both peripheral blood samples (n=13; r=0.95; p<0.0001; bias of -1.1%) and lymph node aspirates (n=11,r=0.98; p<0.001; bias of 1%). All but one leukemic and one lymphomatous lymph node sample, out of 26 samples of dogs with lymphoproliferative disease analyzed, could be immunophenotyped as either B or T cells.ConclusionsWe conclude that use of only 2 monoclonal antibodies is sufficient for immunophenotyping most cases of canine lymphoma by flow cytometry and enables rapid immunophenotyping. The personal flow cytometer may be as effectively used for immunophenotyping canine lymphoma as conventional flow cytometers. However, the personal flow cytometer is more accessible and user-friendly, and requires lower sample volumes.

Body temperature during hibernation is highly correlated with a decrease in circulating innate immune cells in the brown bear (Ursus arctos): a common feature among hibernators?

Background: Hibernation involves periods of severely depressed metabolism (torpor) and decreases in body temperature (Tb). Small arctic mammals (<5kg), in which Tb generally drop drastically, display leukopenia during hibernation. This raised the question of whether the decreased leukocyte counts in mammalian hibernators is due to torpor per se or is secondary to low Tb. The present study examined immune cell counts in brown bears (Ursus arctos), where torpor is only associated with shallow decreases in Tb. The results were compared across hibernator species for which immune and Tb data were available.Methods and Results: The white blood cell counts were determined by flow cytometry in 13 bears captured in the field both during summer and winter over 2 years time. Tb dropped from 39.6±0.8 to 33.5±1.1°C during hibernation. Blood neutrophils and monocytes were lower during hibernation than during the active period (47%, p= 0.001; 43%, p=0.039, respectively), whereas no change in lymphocyte counts was detected (p=0.599). Further, combining our data and those from 10 studies on 9 hibernating species suggested that the decline in Tb explained the decrease in innate immune cells (R2=0.83, p<0.0001).Conclusions: Bears have fewer innate immune cells in circulation during hibernation, which may represent a suppressed innate immune system. Across species comparison suggests that, both in small and large hibernators, Tb is the main driver of immune function regulation during winter dormancy. The lack of a difference in lymphocyte counts in this context requires further investigations.

Immuno Modulatory Effects of Hot Aqueous Extract of Ocimum sanctum and Argemone mexicana Leaves in Chicken Model

800x600 The present study was undertaken to study the immuno modulatrory effects of leaves of Ocimum santum (OS) and Argemone mexiana (AM) plants in chicken model. 250 mg/kg body weight oral dose of OS and AM was found ideal and nontoxic in chickens and experimental chickens were fed this dose. Humoral immune response to S. enterica serovar Typhimurium ‘O’ antigen was measured by quantitating the serum antibody level of immunized chickens by ELISA test. There was a significant rise in antibody titre of OS and AM fed chickens in comparison to control group. The antibody titre in the serum samples of HAE of OS and AM fed chickens were (5333.33±674.62) and (4266.67±674.62) respectively, whereas in control group it was 3733.33±533.33. This study indicated that the extract of both plants enhanced the antibody level and acted as a humoral immuno stimulant. Cell mediated immune response (CMI) was assayed by differential lymphocyte count (DLC) and DNCB sensitized hypersensitivity test. DLC revealed increase in lymphocyte count in OS fed group and decrease in lymphocyte count in AM fed group as compared to control group. DNCB test demonstrated 29.89% increase in skin thickness in OS fed group and 34.02% decrease in skin thickness in AM fed group as compared to control group at 24 hour interval. Present study indicated the T cell suppressive impact of hot aqueous extract of AM and stimulator effect of OS. Normal 0 7.8 pt 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Table Normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Times New Roman,serif;}

P245 Can clinical, radiological or laboratory parameters differentiate H1N1 associated pneumonia from community acquired pneumonia?

Pneumonia is a recognised complication of H1N1 influenza, and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The Department of Health (DoH) identified characteristics that may aid identification of individuals...