Lymphadenectomy In Early Stage Endometrial Cancer Research Articles

Analysis of Predictive Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping in Endometrial Carcinoma.

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is recommended over systematic lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer due to its lower morbidity and comparable detection rate. The objective of this study was to identify clinical factors associated with unsuccessful mapping. Between April 2020 and June 2024, 120 patients over the age of 18 and diagnosed with early-stage endometrial cancer were enrolled in this prospective study at a single institution. Demographic, clinicopathologic, and treatment data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Univariate and multiple linear regressions were performed to identify predictors of failed mapping. The mean age of the patient cohort was 62.5 years (range 33 to 83), and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 32 kg/m2 (range 18 to 50). Patients underwent intracervical injections with methylene blue (MB), indocyanine green (ICG), or a combination of both tracers, with 40 patients in each group. A total of 108 patients (90.0%) were diagnosed with endometrioid carcinoma and 12 (10.0%) with non-endometrioid cancers. Additionally, 110 patients (91.7%) were diagnosed in early stages of the disease. The overall SLN detection rate was 73.4%, with bilateral detection at 49.2% and unilateral detection at 24.2%. Univariate analysis showed that older age (p < 0.001), menopause (p = 0.001), the use of MB as the sole tracer (p = 0.006), a shorter tumor-to-serosa distance (p = 0.048), and bulky lymph nodes (p = 0.18) were associated with unsuccessful mapping. Multiple linear regression model analysis identified age (p = 0.007), tracer type (p = 0.013), and enlarged lymph nodes (p = 0.013) as independent predictors of SLN mapping failure. Advanced age, tracer type, and intraoperative detection of enlarged lymph nodes were identified as independent risk factors for unsuccessful mapping in patients undergoing laparoscopic SLN mapping.

Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy with Laparoscopic Lymphadenectomy versus Conventional Abdominal Hysterectomy with Lymphadenectomy for Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Study

Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy with Laparoscopic Lymphadenectomy versus Conventional Abdominal Hysterectomy with Lymphadenectomy for Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Study

Update of sentinel lymph node mapping assessment in endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries. Pathologic confirmation of lymph node metastasis is important for risk stratification and the administration of adjuvant treatments. Therefore, comprehensive,...

Recurrence and survival after laparoscopy versus laparotomy without lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer: Long-term outcomes of a randomised trial

BackgroundLaparoscopic hysterectomy is accepted worldwide as the standard treatment option for early-stage endometrial cancer. However, there are limited data on long-term survival, particularly when no lymphadenectomy is performed. We compared the survival outcomes of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) and total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH), both without lymphadenectomy, for early-stage endometrial cancer up to 5 years postoperatively. MethodsFollow-up of a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial comparing TLH and TAH, without routine lymphadenectomy, for women with stage I endometrial cancer. Enrolment was between 2007 and 2009 by 2:1 randomisation to TLH or TAH. Outcomes were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and primary site of recurrence. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were adjusted for age, stage, grade, and radiotherapy with adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) reported. To test for significance, non-inferiority margins were defined. ResultsIn total, 279 women underwent a surgical procedure, of whom 263 (94%) had follow-up data. For the TLH (n = 175) and TAH (n = 88) groups, DFS (90.3% vs 84.1%; aHR[recurrence], 0.69; 95%CI, 0.31–1.52), OS (89.2% vs 82.8%; aHR[death], 0.60; 95%CI, 0.30–1.19), and DSS (95.0% vs 89.8%; aHR[death], 0.62; 95%CI, 0.23–1.70) were reported at 5 years. At a 10% significance level, and with a non-inferiority margin of 0.20, the null hypothesis of inferiority was rejected for all three outcomes. There were no port-site or wound metastases, and local recurrence rates were comparable. ConclusionDisease recurrence and 5-year survival rates were comparable between the TLH and TAH groups and comparable to studies with lymphadenectomy, supporting the widespread use of TLH without lymphadenectomy as the primary treatment for early-stage, low-grade endometrial cancer.

Nomogram to Predict Risk of Lymph Node Metastases in Patients With Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer.

Pelvic lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer is controversial, but the findings influence prognosis and treatment decisions. Noninvasive tools to identify women at high risk of lymph node metastasis can assist in determining the need for lymph node dissection and adjuvant treatment for patients who do not have a lymph node dissection performed initially. A retrospective review of surgical pathology was conducted for endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma at our institution. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of selected pathologic features were performed. A nomogram to predict for lymph node metastasis was constructed. From August 1996 to October 2013, 296 patients underwent total abdominal or laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and selective lymphadenectomy for endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. Median age at surgery was 62.7 yr (range, 24.9-93.6 yr). Median number of lymph nodes removed was 13 (range, 1-72). Of all patients, 38 (12.8%) had lymph node metastases. On univariate analysis, tumor size ≥4 cm, grade, lymphovascular space involvement, cervical stromal involvement, adnexal or serosal or parametrial involvement, positive pelvic washings, and deep (more than one half) myometrial invasion were all significantly associated with lymph node involvement. In a multivariate model, lymphovascular space involvement, deep myometrial invasion, and cervical stromal involvement remained significant predictors of nodal involvement, whereas tumor size of ≥4 cm was borderline significant. A lymph node predictive nomogram was constructed using these factors. Our nomogram can help estimate risk of nodal disease and aid in directing the need for additional surgery or adjuvant therapy in patients without lymph node surgery. Lymphovascular space involvement is the most important predictor for lymph node metastases, regardless of grade, and should be consistently assessed.

Endometrial Cancer and the Role of Lymphadenectomy

The role of lymph node dissection in early-stage endometrial cancer is highly debated, but staging and prognosis are dependent on knowledge of lymph node metastasis. We sought to review the available data on the use of lymph node assessment in presumed early-stage endometrial cancer. A comprehensive literature review was performed using MEDLINE, the Cochrane Collaborative Database, and PubMed. There is limited retrospective data that suggest a therapeutic benefit to lymphadenectomy. Prospective randomized trials have not shown a benefit to lymphadenectomy in low-risk patients, but found significant morbidity in patients undergoing lymphadenectomy. Selective lymph node assessment should be used in low-risk endometrial cancer. Sentinel lymph node assessment is emerging as a potential strategy for lymph node assessment. Selective use of lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer can reduce the morbidity associated with lymph node dissection without compromising clinical outcomes. Multiple strategies are available including sentinel lymph nodes and risk factor based lymphadenectomy.

Therapeutic role of systematic lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer: A systematic review.

The purpose of the current review was to examine whether systematic lymphadenectomy is safe and effective for treating early-stage endometrial cancer. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were systematically searched during April 2014 to identify studies comparing the use of systematic lymphadenectomy and no systematic lymphadenectomy in parallel for the treatment of early-stage endometrial cancer. A total of 13 eligible studies involving 51,155 patients were included in this review. The median overall survival (OS) rate at 5 years following lymphadenectomy was 90% (range, 73.1-98.3%) for patients undergoing the systematic procedure and 88.2% (range, 68-98.4%) for patients not undergoing the systematic procedure. For the two types of lymphadenectomy, OS has tended to improve over the last 20 years. The combined rate of disease-free and progression-free survival was higher in patients who underwent systematic lymphadenectomy, and the recurrence rate was lower. In particular, systematic lymphadenectomy was associated with markedly higher OS than the non-systematic procedure for patients with intermediate- and high-risk endometrial cancer when ≥11 lymph nodes were removed. Systematic lymphadenectomy demonstrates clinical benefit in patients with early-stage endometrial cancer and should thus be a standard treatment option. In conclusion, systematic lymphadenectomy leads to higher OS than no systematic lymphadenectomy in intermediate- and high-risk patients with early-stage endometrial cancer, particularly when the procedure removes ≥11 lymph nodes.

Evaluation of The Efficacy of Systematic Pelvic Lymphadenectomy in Endometrial Cancer

Evaluation of: The ASTEC Study Group: Efficacy of systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer (MRC ASTEC trial): a randomized study. Lancet 373, 125–136 (2009). Pelvic lymph node metastasis is one of the most common causes of extrauterine tumor spread in early-stage endometrial uterine cancer. Many retrospective studies have shown the significance of pelvic lymphadenectomy in patients with what was suspected preoperatively to be early-stage endometrial carcinoma. The study evaluated here is the largest prospective randomized trial evaluating pelvic lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer, and provides the direct and fully reported overall and recurrence-free survival rates comparing standard surgery with standard surgery plus pelvic lymphadenectomy in patients with early-stage endometrial carcinoma. Overall, the results showed no evidence of benefit in terms of overall or recurrence-free survival for pelvic lymphadenectomy in women with early-stage endometrial cancer. However, this trial analyzed the results of overall and recurrence-free survival without considering the combination of histopathological prognostic risk factors. It may be important to analyze overall and recurrence-free survival between the subgroups by combination of the histopathological prognostic risk factors. A large, prospective clinical trial might be necessary to evaluate the role of pelvic lymphadenectomy by considering the combination of histopathological prognostic risk factors in early-stage endometrial cancer.

Total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus abdominal hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy for early-stage endometrial cancer

Total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus abdominal hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy for early-stage endometrial cancer

Total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus abdominal hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy for early-stage endometrial cancer: A prospective randomized study

Objective The aim of this study was to compare, in a series of 159 women the feasibility, safety and morbidity of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (LPS) and abdominal hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy (LPT) for early-stage endometrial cancer and to assess disease-free survival and recurrence rate. Methods 159 patients with clinical stage I endometrial cancer were enrolled in a prospective randomized trial and treated with LPS or LPT approach. The para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed in all cases with positive pelvic lymph nodes discovered at frozen section evaluation, in patients with poorly differentiated tumors with myometrial invasion greater than 50% (ICG3), and non-endometrioid carcinomas. Results The mean operative time was 136 min ± 31 (95% CI 118–181) in the LPS group and 123 min ± 29 (95% CI 111–198) in the LPT group ( P < 0.01). The mean blood loss was 50 ml ± 12 in the LPS group (95% CI 20–90) and 145 ml ± 35 in the LPT group (95% CI 60–255) ( P < 0.01). The mean length of hospital stay was 5.1 ± 1.2 in the LPT group (95% CI 1–7) and 2.1 ± 0.5 in the LPS group (95% CI 1–5) ( P < 0.01). Conclusions Laparoscopy is a suitable procedure for the treatment of patients with early endometrial cancer and may offer the potential benefits of decreased discomfort with decreased convalescence time without compromising the degree of oncological radicality required; however, it does not seem to modify the disease-free survival and the overall survival, although multicenter randomized trials and long-term follow-up are required to evaluate the overall oncologic outcomes of this procedure.

Morbidity and mortality of selective lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer

Morbidity and mortality of selective lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial cancer