Luo Converter Research Articles

Fuzzy logic controller-based Luo converter for light electric vehicles

<p>A brushless DC motor (BLDC) drive fed by a Luo converter is presented in this paper for the use in electric vehicle (EV) applications. The proposed Luo converter provides stable and ripple free output for EV. An approach for getting the stable output voltage is by using a fuzzy logic controller to control the Luo converter. It helps to generate the appropriate pulse with respect to the feedback voltage. This proposed system has the advantages like voltage increase, high-gain output with low ripples and high efficiency. The performance of this proposed drive is tested through hardware prototype at varying line voltage levels and results are demonstrated. A comparative analysis is presented to justify the effectiveness of the proposed Luo converter fed EV motor.</p>

Performance Analysis of Positive Output (P/O) Push-Pull Switched Capacitor Converter for High Power Density Applications

The micro-power-consumption technique requires high power density DC/ DC converters and power supply sources. In this research, a PI and Fuzzy Logic Controllers for an elementary circuit of positive output (P/O) push-pull switched capacitor converter has developed for high power density applications with high sustainability under enormous line and load disturbances. The voltage lift technique is a popular application in electronic circuit design. The power converter performs DC-DC step-up voltage conversion with high efficiency, high power density and cheap topology in a simple structure. The proposed converter combines both switched-capacitor and voltage lift techniques. Referable to the time varying and switching nature of the power electronic converter their dynamic behavior becomes highly nonlinear. Conventional controllers are incapable of providing excellent dynamic performance and hence the fuzzy logic controller can be used as a feed forward controller for controlling power electronic converters. The control algorithm is developed to ensure tracking of the reference voltage and rejection of system disturbances by successive measurements of the converter output voltage at certain time instants within a conduction period. The simulation of PI and Fuzzy logic controls have been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink software to evaluate the controller’s performances. Keywords: Luo converter, DCDC converter, PI Controller, Fuzzy Controller.

Intelligent MPPT control for SEPIC-Luo converter in grid tied photovoltaic system

Grid connected solar photovoltaic (SPV) systems are becoming more and more common due to steadily rising energy demand. The advantages of photovoltaic power generation, such as its eco-friendliness, low maintenance requirements, and lack of noise, are making it as a significant renewable energy source (RES). This framework presents the modeling and control design of PV grid tied system implemented with integrated single ended primary inductance (SEPIC) Luo converter. The main goal of this work includes investigating solar PV system behaviour and creating an effective grid connected solar power. Solar PV module tracks maximum power, with an aid of chaotic cascaded fuzzy a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has developed. The DC voltage obtained is fed to 1Φ voltage source inverter (VSI) for conversion of AC voltage. In comparison to typical PWM control, the spectrum performance of the examined voltages is improved by adjusting the nominal duty cycle of main switch of SEPIC-Luo converter. So that PV output impedance is equivalent to DC-DC converter's input resistance. Finally, the obtained AC voltage is supplied to 1Φ grid for further applications. With less THD, an efficiency of 96% is achieved when the implementation of the suggested system is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink.

Design and Implementation DC/DC Luo Converter Controlled by Adaptive Fractional PI and P&O MPPT

Design and Implementation DC/DC Luo Converter Controlled by Adaptive Fractional PI and P&O MPPT

Evaluation and deployment of a unified MPPT controller for hybrid Luo converter in combined PV and wind energy systems

This work emphasizes the development and examination of a Hybrid Luo Converter integrated with a unified Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for both grid and independent hybrid systems. The primary objectives of this hybrid system are to efficiently harness power from intermittent and variable renewable sources while elevating low-voltage energy inputs to utility-grade levels. Unlike previous studies employing specific MPPT algorithms for solar and wind sources, this work aims to simplify the control system by utilizing a unified MPPT controller. This research also introduces a novel approach involving dual-lift hybrid Luo converters to create hybrid systems, operating exclusively or concurrently based on the availability of renewable resources. To maximize power generation from all renewable sources, a unified MPPT algorithm is developed. The hybrid system, incorporates 500 W wind and 560 W PV systems, the innovative Luo converter, and the unified MPPT controller. A comprehensive comparative analysis is presented, comparing the hybrid system's performance with that of traditional control algorithms, such as the Perturb & Observe, and Radial Basis Function Network controllers. The successful prototype of the converter validates the practicality of the proposed approach.

A smart and intelligence based controlling algorithms for maximum power extraction and effective battery management in EV systems

AbstractAn economically appealing alternative to the use of fossil fuels in many nations is the electric vehicle (EV). Commercial EVs have a battery that powers the motor while also being charged by solar photovoltaic (PV). The original contribution of this research work is to implement a smart and advanced methodologies for accomplishing the objectives of MPPT control and battery management in EVs. Here, a novel spotted hyena optimized (SHO)‐MPPT controlling algorithm is applied to get the most out of the electricity generated by PV panels to meet EV energy requirements. A modified high gain super‐lift Luo converter has been implemented to improve and regulate the output voltage of PV for optimal battery charging and motor control. Then, an adaptive dynamic encoded network controller is designed to improve the voltage regulation and boosting performance of the DC‐DC converter. Consequently, a Henry gas solubility optimization is deployed to perform an effective battery management in EVs by optimally estimating the state of charge, which helps to increase the charging efficiency of EVs. Moreover, a three‐phase voltage source inverter has also been used to lower harmonic levels and deliver high‐quality output power to the EV motor. The results of the proposed MPPT controlling, converter controlling, and battery management strategies are verified in this study using a complete simulation and comparison analysis, where the parameters such as IV‐PV characteristics, motor torque, speed, total harmonic distortions (THDs), and so forth are taken into account for performance validation. By using the proposed controlling methodology, the THD is reduced to 1.09% with the improved vehicle speed of 3000 rpm, and overall performance efficiency of 99%.

Power Quality Acquire of Intelligent Controller based Superior Gain Re-Lift Luo Converter Intended for PV Linked Microgrid Integration

Power converters-based renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy are more popular for residential and commercial applications. Because, of their eco friendlessness and cost effective operation. A Re-Lift Luo Converter integrated with renewable sources to the utility microgrid along with Intelligent Controller strategies is proposed. The solar photovoltaic system provides voltage to the inverter through a Re-lift Luo converter. The Bidirectional Battery converter along with battery system is used to achieve energy control management for the proposed system. In this paper the grid synchronization with DSTATCOM devices controlled by PI controller with D-Q theory transformation is achieved. Under this work, DSTATCOM has been used to improve the power quality under different loading conditions. The LC filter is employed to develop the output of the inverter. The input of the PV and battery systems are DC bus power source, as well as AC power injected into the grid network. The obtained results indicate that proposed approach delivers better performance with superior efficiency and nominal harmonics. The entire proposed system is validated through a MATLAB simulation and Hardware experimental prototype.

Hybrid MGWO- CSO optimized high gain Relift Luo converter for PV based grid tied PMBLDC drive system

Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current (PMBLDC) motor has become one of the most important motors in high performance drive systems, for industrial uses especially for electric vehicle (EV) applications to minimize their torque and current ripples. This work proposes a PV based high gain DC-DC converter for uninterruptible constant power supply to the PMBLDC drive application. PMBLDC drive with Hall Effect sensorsis used to make the variable speed operation due to its controllability. In this work, a Relift Luo converter is utilized because of its negligible ripple in output DC voltage, high voltage gain and reduced switching losses. To regulate this converter, PI controller is implemented and to tune the parameters of the controller, Hybrid Crow Search -Modified Grey Wolf Optimization (MGWO-CSO) techniqueis implemented. The surplus energy from PV is transferred to grid through Single phase Voltage Source Inverter (1 φVSI) after generatingadequate power to PMBLDC motor. When there is no power in Photovoltaic (PV)cell during night time, stored energy in grid gives supply to the PMBLDC motor. The motor is effectively controlled by the PI controller along with the hysteresis controller. Furthermore, the developed work is executed in MATLAB/Simulink to foreshow its effectiveness. As a consequence, the proposed work accomplished low THD value of 1.34, high efficiency of 98.2% with reduced switching lossescompared to the conventional techniques.

Power Quality Gain of Self-Lift Luo Converter used for Hybrid Renewable Power System with Battery Grid Integration

The renewable power sources such as wind as well as photovoltaic (PV) energy are fashionable for residential and commercial applications. For the reason, that eco friendlessness plus expenditure are effective. This paper intends a Self-Lift Luo converter integrated with solar photovoltaic system to the utility grid along with its Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) control strategies are proposed. By achieve an energy management for the proposed system using Bidirectional Battery converter along with battery system. Power supervision move towards is suggested to control the DC bus voltage by way of Self-Lift Luo converter. The wind power with Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based grid integration with a PI controller. Under this work, DSTATCOM has been used to improve the quality of power under different load conditions. The obtained results designate that the proposed approach delivers recovered performance with enhanced efficiency and nominal harmonics. The intact system is validated through a MATLAB simulation.

Design of Boost Integrated Luo Converter for Grid Tied EV Based Charging Station

The combination of Renewable Energy Source (RES) and storage element in charging station is a possible solution for meeting the growing energy requirement of electric vehicles (EVs). In a grid-tied RE system, the converters are essential for attaining the process of power conditioning. Conventional DC-DC converters suffer from issues like voltage spikes, electromagnetic interference, and efficiency losses. The necessity for integrated converters arises from the demand for improved power conditioning, increased power density, and enhanced overall system performance. As a result, in this work, boost integrated Luo converter is proposed due to the ability to address aforesaid drawbacks and offer superior power conditioning capabilities in modern power electronic systems. The Luo converter with conventional boost converter aids in alleviating the current ripples to a greater extent. The PI control with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) strategy is efficiently employed in this study as provides consistent voltage supply to the converter. Thus, the ultimate aim of this work is achieved by enhancing the low dc voltage of PV panel by using a PSO-PI control-based hybrid converter, which increases its efficiency, lowers the cost, supplies suitable current and voltage for energizing the battery or to charge the grid tied EV charging station. The simulation results obtained verifies the effectiveness of developed system.

PV-Based Grid Integrated EV with GWO Optimized PI Controller for Boost Integrated Luo Converter

PV-Based Grid Integrated EV with GWO Optimized PI Controller for Boost Integrated Luo Converter

Advancing Renewable Energy: An Experimental Study of a Switched-Inductor, Switched-Capacitor Luo Boost Converter for Low-Voltage Applications

Photovoltaic (PV), battery, and fuel cell (FC) technologies are emerging forms of renewable energy gaining popularity. However, one of the key limitations is their production of direct current (DC) voltage, which hinders the connectivity and integration with the electrical grid. To address this issue, various DC/DC boost converters have been introduced. This study presents an innovative Luo converter with a switched-inductor–capacitor (SLC) cell at the input and a switched-capacitor (SC) cell at the output. The SLC cell not only increases the input voltage, but also enhances the source’s lifespan and reliability. The SC cell further amplifies the voltage, especially for high-gain applications. The proposed converter simplifies control processes by using a single power switch, significantly boosting the input voltage by 21 times with a duty ratio of 0.8. This surpasses the gains achieved by conventional boost converters by over fourfold and Luo converters by sevenfold. The second challenge when a converter is connected to these voltage sources is the potential reduction in the lifespan of the sources and the overall system due to large input current ripples. The proposed converter addresses this issue by incorporating a switched-capacitor cell on the input side. This cell charges the inductors in parallel and discharges them in series, reducing the magnitude of the input current. Another advantage of the proposed converter is its simplicity, as it employs only one power switch, minimizing the complexity of the controller system. Additionally, the distribution of the output voltage passing through the diodes between the switch and output capacitor helps mitigate voltage stress for all semiconductor devices and capacitors. The study includes thorough mathematical analyses, simulations, and laboratory tests to validate the research’s theoretical foundations.

Design, implementation and empirical analysis of a cascaded hybrid MPPT controller for grid tied solar photovoltaic systems under partial shaded conditions

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) system based power generation is going to become the major power source in the following few decades. Because of the advantages such as reliability, cleanliness, feasibility in small scale to medium scale power generation etc., Solar Photovoltaic (PV) based power generation is developing very rapidly. Hybrid MPPT control methods are essential to track and achieve maximum power generation from solar PV systems under normal and Partially Shaded Conditions (PSC). The proposed Hybrid Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm with Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) will effectively tracks the Maximum Power Point when compared to the conventional hybrid MPPT methods. Luo converter is employed as DC-DC converter to convert the variable DC output from solar panel into a nominal DC level. The Luo converter output is given to a single phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and the inverter is connected to grid. The Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) tuned Fractional order Proportional Integral controller (FOPI) is adopted to maintain the stability of the grid connected inverter. The tracking efficiency of the proposed system is maintained around 98 % even under different irradiance conditions with very less convergence time of 0.016 s.

РОЗРАХУНОК ПРОЦЕСІВ У ПЕРЕТВОРЮВАЧІ ЗА ТОПОЛОГІЄЮ LUO З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МЕТОДА УСЕРЕДНЕННЯ НА ОСНОВІ ТЕОРЕМ ЛАГРАНЖА

The electromagnetic processes in elementary dc converter according to the Luo topology with inverting output in modes of continuous and discontinuous conduction were studied. Using the method of averaging in the state space based on Lagrange theorems, mathematical models of converter for mentioned modes of operation have been devel-oped. The use of developed models made it possible to obtain analytical expressions for calculating the average and pulsation values of currents and voltages in the reactive elements of the converter, as well as their ripple coefficients. Graphical dependences of the mentioned parameters were calculated in the entire commutation range of converter, taking into account the conduction modes. It is shown that, in comparison with traditional topology of buck-boost con-verter, the output filter in elementary Luo converter with inverting output significantly reduces the ripple coefficient of output voltage. It was determined that the amount of voltage ripple reduction is proportional to the product of the in-ductance and filter capacity values, as well as the square of the switching frequency and does not depend on the con-ductivity mode of the converter. Ref. 13, fig. 5, table. Key words: dc voltage converters, Luo converter, averaging method in state space, Lagrange theorems.

A novel voltage lifting technique of switched-inductor cell based modified LUO converter topology for water pumping system

The persistent exhaustion of traditional energy sources with their impacts on the environment has been initiating a significant interest in a selection of renewable-energy sources (RES) based water-pumping system. Among several renewable sources, solar-PV is the most promising and practical source for water-pumping applications that can be easily installed on a building's roof. The available solar-PV energy is integrated to AC electric motor through front-end DC-DC boost converter topology. Among the various DC-DC converter topologies, a novel switched-inductor type modified LUO converter has been proposed for solar-PV powered water pumping system. The proposed switched-inductor type modified LUO (SI-MLUO) converter have simple structure which delivers high voltage gain with low leakage currents, low current ripples, reduced voltage spikes, low dv/dt stress and high efficiency over the several conventional DC-DC converters. The operating modes and performance of proposed SI-MLUO converter topology is verified by using MATLAB/Simulink tool, simulation results are validated with conventional topologies.

Machine learning based cascaded ANN MPPT controller for erratic PV shading circumstances

Power generation is challenged to meet energy demand during peak hours. As a result of limited non-renewable energy resources, power utilities heavily rely on fossil fuels. Therefore, scientists and researchers are looking for some distributed generators to provide additional power during peak hours. During such period, load demand is solved using solar power. As a consequence, grid-connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems are catching the attention owing to their ability to significantly reduce the use of fossil fuels. Under Partial Shading Condition (PSC), this paper utilizes Luo Converter along with Cascaded Artificial Neural Network (ANN), which is a Machine Learning Based Maximum Power Point Tracking (ML-MPPT) approach for tracking optimal power from PV system. The gained DC supply is converted into AC voltage using VSI attached to the system. In addition, PI controller engaged controls the voltage at grid side and results in effective grid synchronization. Furthermore, MATLAB Simulink analysis is carried out and the outcomes reveal the effectiveness of proposed system with 98% efficiency under different PV circumstances.

Design and Implementation of Fuzzy sliding mode control (FSMC) approach for a Modified Negative Output Luo DC-DC Converter with its comparative analysis

Switching power converters bring a desired output magnitude using semiconductor devices. These switching converters are generally classified as voltage lift and super lift. The conventional lift converters such as buck, boost and buck–boost come under the category of voltage lift technique, in which the output voltage increases in arithmetic progression. The other lift approach that increases the output voltage in the geometric progression is the super-lift method. Nowadays super-lift converters find their role in various applications, because of their high gain and low ripple. The converter taken for analysis is a modified negative output super-lift Luo converter (MNOSLC). Current mode control (CMC) is employed to maintain a stable DC voltage at the load side. This is investigated using different types of controllers such as PI, fuzzy, sliding mode controller (SMC) and fuzzy SMC. The performance of these controllers is compared and it is found that fuzzy SMC results in better line and load regulation. A prototype is developed that validates the simulation results.

SSD-Based PSPWM Inverter Control for Grid-Integrated PV/Wind System with EPO-Based MPPT Using High Gain Converter

In this proposed work, Social Ski Driver (SSD)-based Phase Shift Pulse Width Modulation (PSPWM) controller for grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine with Emperor Penguin Optimization (EPO)-based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is proposed. The PV panel and wind turbine generate the power, which is tracked by an EPO-based MPPT controller for maximum power. SSD-based PSPWM controller is used in the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) for effective DC link utilization with less harmonic content. Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) super lift positive output LUO converter is a high-gain converter used for DC-DC conversion, which boosts the voltage of PV and wind. According to the switching signal, the converter provides improved voltage to the DC link. The wind system uses the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The gate pulse of VSI is tuned with SSD-based PSPWMs, thus will control the DC link voltage and provides a better voltage and current waveform with less harmonic content. This proposed system is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink software. The voltage and current values of an inverter, PV panel, wind turbine, DC link and grid are analyzed, and harmonic reduction for different frequencies are compared. The proposed system provides a better voltage and current waveform with less harmonic content.

Design of Super-Lift Luo Converter for Electric Vehicle Applications

Electric vehicles (EVs) are replacing conventional vehicles in the automobile industry. An energy storage device (battery) plays a major role in providing a power supply to the vehicle. Due to automotive constraints, the power supply should be highly efficient and have low current and voltage ripple. The design of 12V-60V DC-DC Super-lift Luo Converter (SLLC) is proposed in this paper, with an emphasis on electric vehicle (EV) applications. The conventional boost converter (12V-60V) is modelled and analysed in Matlab Simulink and the output voltage ripple is calculated. A three-stage SLLC is then designed and modelled in Matlab Simulink. The voltage output is analysed for each stage and the ripple voltage is re-calculated. The comparison of voltage ripple between the CBC and SLLC shows that, the output ripple gets reduced by using the proposed SLLC.

Design of High Gain Luo Converter for PV System Applications

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation requires a bigger area per unit capacity than traditional power plants since it employs a limitless and clean energy source. As a result, installing floating PV systems (FPVs) on open sea surfaces is becoming more common in countries with tiny landmasses, such as South Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. For use in applications involving PV systems, this paper suggests a design for a high-gain LUO converter. This proposed system consists of a LUO converter for a PV system. A converter’s output voltage can be increased while staying constant throughout the system by using the proposed converter (a Luo converter). Step-up or boost converters increase the voltage from their input (supply) to their output (load) while converting DC to electricity. The PWM generator, which is connected to the power source and produces PWM pulses to modify the signal in the LUO converter, is used to produce PWM pulses.