Lung Function In Elderly Patients Research Articles

Effectiveness of bone-filled mesh bag technology and angle vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly.

To evaluate the effectiveness, pain level, and lung function in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures using bone filling mesh bag technology compared to curved vertebroplasty. This retrospective analysis reviewed 72 elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures treated at Xindu District People's Hospital of Chengdu between February 2021 and January 2022. The patients were separated into two groups according to surgery approach: an observation group using bone filling mesh bag technology and a control group using curved vertebroplasty. The overall response rate, pain degree, pulmonary function, life quality grades, surgical indicators, and bone cement leakage rates of the two groups were evaluated. The variation in overall response rate (P=0.420), pain degree (P=0.270), pulmonary function (peak expiratory flow: P=0.660, forced expiratory volume in the first second: P=0.775, forced vital capacity: 0.062), and life quality grades (physical health: P=0.949, social function: P=0.935, physiological function: P=0.970, vitality: P=0.778) between the observation group and the control group after treatment was not statistically meaningful. The Cobb angle (P<0.001) and vertebral height (P<0.001) of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after therapy. The leakage rates of bone cement (intervertebral disc leakage, paravertebral vein leakage, paravertebral soft tissue leakage) of patients in the observation group were notably lower than those in the control group after therapy (P=0.029). Bone filling mesh bag technology offers significant improvements in Cobb angle and vertebral height for treating elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures, and reduced the leakage rate of bone cement. This technique achieves comparable therapeutic outcomes to curved vertebroplasty.

Effect of Traditional Chinese Emotional Nursing Combined with Lung Rehabilitation Training and Oral Nutrition Preparation on Improving the Nutritional Status and Lung Function in Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

This study aimed to investigate the effect of traditional Chinese emotional nursing combined with lung rehabilitation training and oral nutrition preparation on improving the nutritional status and lung function of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The control group received conventional Western medicine and lung rehabilitation training, while the observation group received traditional Chinese emotional nursing combined with oral nutrition preparation. After nursing, the self-rating depression scale and self-rating anxiety scale scores in the observwere lower than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05), whereas forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and 6-min walk distance were higher (P &lt; 0.05). Serum albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin M levels were higher than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After nursing, the scores for physical, material, social, and psychological functions in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, traditional Chinese emotional nursing combined with lung rehabilitation training and oral nutrition preparation can relieve negative emotions, promote pulmonary function and nutritional status, and improve the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Association between inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and lung function in elderly patients recovered from severe COVID-19.

Association between inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and lung function in elderly patients recovered from severe COVID-19.

Characteristics of factors for decreased lung function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often accompanies type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, background factors affecting these diseases in the elderly remain unclear. Eligible patients with T2DM were divided into two age groups—non-elderly (<65 years) and elderly (≥65 years); COPD, ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced expiratory volume (FEV1/FVC ratio), and percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1% predicted) were examined, and factors related to reduced respiratory function according to age group were evaluated. In total, 371 patients with T2DM were analysed. COPD was found in 9 patients (5.3%) in the non-elderly group and 45 (22.5%) in the elderly group. In the elderly, male sex, low body mass index (BMI), insulin therapy, and high C-peptide immunoreactivity levels were factors related to COPD. In the non-elderly, age, female sex, high BMI were factors related to decreased FEV1% predicted. Female sex was factor related to decreased FEV1% predicted in both age groups. Low BMI was a factor related to reduced respiratory function in elderly patients and high BMI was a factor related to reduced respiratory function in non-elderly patients. Thus, BMI needs to be managed according to the age and general condition of T2DM patients.

The effects of one-lung ventilation mode on lung function in elderly patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.

The objective of the present study was to explore the effects of different one-lung ventilation (OLV) modes on lung function in elderly patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery. A total of 180 consecutive elderly patients (ASA Grades I–II, with OLV indications) undergoing elective surgery were recruited in the study. Patients were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 45). In Group A, patients received low tidal volume (VT < 8 mL/kg) + pressure controlled ventilation (PCV), low tidal volume (VT < 8 mL/kg) + volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) in Group B, high tidal volume (VT ≥ 8 mL/kg) + PCV in Group C and high tidal volume (VT ≥ 8 mL/kg) + VCV in Group D. Two-lung ventilation involved routine tidal volume (8–10 mL/kg) at a frequency of 12 to 18 times/min, and VCV mode. Clinical efficacy among 4 groups was compared. The partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) did not significantly differ among 4 groups (all P > .05), and the oxygenation index and SO2 in Group A were significantly higher than in the other groups (P < .05). The PetCO2, peak airway pressure (Ppeak), platform airway pressure (Pplat), and mean airway pressure (Pmean) in Group A were significantly lower than those in the other groups (all P < .05). However, airway resistance (Raw) among 4 groups did not significantly differ (all P > .05). The incidence of pulmonary infection, anastomotic fistula, ventilator-induced lung injury, lung dysfunction, difficulty weaning from mechanical ventilation, and multiple organ dysfunction in Groups A and B were lower than that in Groups C and D (all P < .05). The expression levels of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein in lavage fluid in Group A were significantly lower than those in the other groups (all P < .05). OLV with low tidal volume (VT < 8 mL/kg) + PCV (5 cmH2O PEEP) improved lung function and mitigated inflammatory responses in elderly patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.

Myelodysplastic syndrome patients present more severe respiratory muscle impairment and reduced forced vital capacity: Is disordered inflammatory signaling the culprit?

Background/ObjectivesThe ageing process is associated with gradual decline in respiratory system performance. Anemia is highly prevalent among older adults and usually associated with adverse outcomes. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies with increasing incidence with age and characterized by anemia and other cytopenias. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate respiratory muscle strength and lung function in elderly patients with anemia, compare data between myelodysplastic syndromes and non-clonal anemias and evaluate the influence of serum IL-8 level and NF-kB activity on deteriorate pulmonary function in this specific population.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 60 and older with anemia secondary to MDS, non-clonal anemia and healthy elderly individuals.MeasurementsForced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/ FVC ratio were measured by spirometry. Respiratory muscle strength was evaluated by maximal static respiratory pressures measurement. IL-8 analysis was performed by ELISA and activity of NF-kB by chemiluminescent assay.ResultsMean Hb concentration was comparable between patients with anemia. Significant differences were detected between all patients with anemia and controls for maximum-effort inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax) and also for maximum-effort expiratory mouth pressure (PEmax). The MDS group recorded a significantly lower PImax and PEmax percent predicted when compared to non-clonal anemia group. For FVC and FEV1, a significant difference was found in anemic patients, with even significantly lower values for FVC and FEV1 in MDS group. No significant differences were detected for PImax and PEmax and spirometry parameters when anemic patients were stratified according to the degree of anemia. A significant negative impact in FVC (% pred), PImax (% pred) and PEmax (% pred) was observed in patients with MDS and higher levels of IL-8 or increased activity of NF-kB.ConclusionA negative impact of anemia, independent of its degree, was demonstrated in respiratory muscle strength and lung function particularly in MDS. The well known elevated proinflammatory cytokines in MDS patients were proposed to play a role as was demonstrated by detrimental effect of higher IL-8 and NF-kB in pulmonary function tests in this population.

The influence of nursing intervention on lung function in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the quality of life

Objective To analyze the influence of nursing intervention on lung function in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and the quality of life,in order to improve the prognosis of patients with accumulation of experience. Methods Totaled of 146 cases of elderly patients with COPD hospitalized from October 2009 to December 2013 were selected as the research objects,they were divided into control group(n= 73)and observation group(n= 73)after admission according to the randomly sampling method in the lottery . Control group was given routine nursing, observation group was given nursing intervention on the basis of control group. The lung function measurement instrument quality of life scale was used, the lung function indexes before and after the nursing(FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FV、MMEF、PEF)and quality of life(daily life,social activities, depression,anxiety and so on)of two groups were compared. Results The lung function indexes and the QOL scores of patients of two groups before nursing were compared,the differences both had no statistical significances (P> 0.05). The lung function indexes of observation group were obviously higher than those of control group(t1= 4.75、P1= 0.006, t2= 5.43、P2= 0.003, t3= 13.5、P3= 0.000, t4= 1.95、P4= 0.013, t5= 2.27、P5= 0.011); Except social activity(t2= 0.726、P2= 0.197), each QOL score of observation group was compared with the control group which was significantly decreased(t1= 5.71、P1= 0.003, t3= 6.38、P3= 0.002, t4= 7.49、P4= 0.001, t5= 4.26、P5= 0.007). Conclusions Nursing intervention can postpone the falling trend of lung function in patients with COPD,ease their anxiety, depression and other negative emotions,improve the quality of life and be good for improving the intervention of patients. Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; The olderly; Nursing intervention; Lung function; Quality of life

The applications of bronchial pulmonary artery angioplasty in elderly patients with central lung cancer

Objective To study the effectiveness of bronchial pulmonary artery angioplasty in elderly patients with central lung.Methods 78 elderly patients with central lung were randomly divided into two groups,the control group（n=39） and the observation group（n=39）.The patients in the control group were operated through pneumonectomy,while the observation group was operated through bronchial pulmonary artery angioplasty.1,3,5-year survival rates were compared.Incidence of postoperative complications were counted.The changes in pulmonary func-tion after 3 months were determined.Results The survival rates in the control group were 66.7%（26/39）,46.2%（18/39）,30.8%（12/39） and 79.5%（31/39）,56.4%（22/39）,38.5%（15/39） in the observation group.The survival rates of the observation group were significantly higher （χ^2=6.17,7.06,4.82,all P〈0.05）.The control group had 11 cases of complications after surgery,the rate was 28.2%.The observation group had 4 cases of postoper-ative complication,the rate was 10.1%.The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly less than that of the control group （χ^2=6.32,P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference （t=0.72,0.11,0.39,all P〉0.05） between the two groups before treatment about FVC,PEF and FEV1.After treatment,FEV1,FVC,PEF were significantly improved （t=5.92,7.92,4.11,7.01,5.99,6.82,all P〈0.01）.The degree of improvement in the observation group was higher than that of the control group （t=2.84,2.77,3.28,all P〈0.05）.Conclusion Bron-chial pulmonary artery angioplasty has significantly fewer complications,can be further improved lung function in eld-erly patients with central lung cancer. Key words: Lung neoplasms; Bronchial angioplasty; Pulmonary artery angioplasty

The effect of pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass on lung function in elderly patients.

Cardiopulmonary bypass is still a major cause of lung injury and delay in pulmonary recovery after cardiac surgery. Although it has been shown that pulsatile flow induced by intra-aortic balloon pumping is beneficial for preserving lung function, it is not clear if the same beneficial effect can be accomplished with pulsatile flow generated in the extracorporeal circuit. Therefore, we investigated the effect of pulsatile flow, produced by a centrifugal pump, on lung function in elderly patients. Serial measurements of lung biomarkers Clara cell 16 kD protein, surfactant protein D, and elastase were performed on blood samples from 37 elderly patients (≥75 years) who underwent elective aortic valve replacement surgery with CPB, either with pulsatile perfusion or continuous perfusion. Pulmonary function was assessed by postoperative ventilation time, the arterial blood oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2), the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (Aa-O2 gradient) and the pulmonary vascular resistance indexed by body surface area (PVRi). There was no difference in lung function between both groups, as assessed by the postoperative ventilation time, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, and the Aa-O2 gradient. The PVRi, however, was significantly lower in the pulsatile perfusion group 15 mins after the administration of protamine (p<0.05). The plasma concentrations of the lung biomarkers increased during surgery and peaked at 1 h ICU, there were however no differences between groups. Pulsatile flow does not seem beneficial to postoperative lung function in elderly patients. Moreover, pulsatile flow does not affect lung function on a subclinical level as assessed by lung biomarkers.

Health-Related Quality of Life and Impairment of Lung Function in Elderly Patients With Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Health-Related Quality of Life and Impairment of Lung Function in Elderly Patients With Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Cognitive function and assessment of lung function in the elderly.

The feasibility of spirometry or respiratory impedance measurements for assessing lung function in the elderly was compared in 208 institutionalized patients with various degrees of cognitive function impairment. Respiratory impedance was determined by the forced oscillation technique. Cognitive function was assessed by the score for the mini-mental state (MMS) examination. Of the 208 patients, 126 had severe cognitive impairment (MMS < or = 17), 36 had mild impairment (18 < or = MMS < or = 23), and 46 had no impairment (MMS > or = 24). Of the 208 patients, respiratory impedance measurements were possible in 159, whereas in only 85 was spirometry possible. The overall difference between the feasibility rates for the spirometric and respiratory impedance measurements was highly significant (chi 2 = 71.4; p < 10(-6)). The difference between the feasibility rates for the two techniques was higher in the group of subjects with severe cognitive impairment than in the groups with mild impairment and no impairment, respectively. Among the 84 patients able to complete both tests, significant correlations were found between the spirometric and respiratory impedance measurements. These results indicate that respiratory impedance measurement seems a more useful tool than spirometry for assessing lung function in elderly patients whenever cognitive function is impaired.

Effect of Priming Dose of Vecuronium on Lung Function in Elderly Patients

We questioned whether the side effects outweighed the advantages of priming doses of nondepolarizing neuromuscular relaxants in awake patients. We have assessed lung function and clinical evidence of muscle weakness in 10 elderly patients, eight women and two men, aged 67-78 yr, ASA grade I or II, before and 3 min after a priming dose (0.01 mg/kg) of vecuronium. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), maximum midexpiratory flow rate (MMEF), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), inspiratory capacity (IC), functional residual capacity (FRC), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), residual volume (RV), slow vital capacity (SVC), and total lung capacity (TLC) were measured by using a Morgan transfer test machine and oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured by pulse oximetry. All the patients developed ptosis, six had diplopia and were unable to perform the Valsalva maneuver for 10s, and four were unable to swallow or lift their head for > 4s, demonstrating significant muscle weakness. Significant reductions occurred in FVC, FEV1, FRC, ERV, SVC, and TLC. SpO2 decreased in 8 of 10 patients, and in 4 the decrease exceeded 4%. We conclude that priming with vecuronium 0.01 mg/kg in elderly patients causes significant impairment of lung function and a significant decrease in oxygen saturation.