Lowland Areas Research Articles

Socialization of KKNT Kadiri Islamic University in Tanggung Village, Tulungagung Darat Sub-District

Responsibility Village is one of the villages located in Tulungagung Regency. It is a lowland area and has an area of 554,184 ha. KKNT aims to give students broad experience and insight and develop knowledge in society. The method of implementation is site surveys, interviews, MSME coaching, counseling in the fields of animal husbandry, agriculture, culture, and increasing cooperation in the KKNT program. The results resulted in 7 types of work programs covering the field of online marketing, MSMEs, WEB Training, and the Catapult Competition Cultural Week by giving prizes, block materials, planting horticultural seeds in 33 polybags planted with oranges and avocados at the Mount Budeg tourist location, compensation for orphans. So the results are useful for increasing the village's potential.

Analisis Perbandingan Perkembangan Penyakit Bercah Daun (Cercospora capsici) pada Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L) di Dataran Tinggi dan Dataran Rendah selama Musim Hujan Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Karo dan Deli Serdang

This study aims to analyze the comparison of the development of leaf spot disease (Cercospora capsici) in red chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.) in highland and lowland areas during the rainy season. Leaf spot disease is a serious problem that hinders proper growth in chili plants. The research was conducted in December 2022 using a descriptive survey method, focusing on the issue of leaf spot disease in chili plants in farmers' fields. The results showed that the average percentage of symptomatic chili plants affected by leaf spot disease in the highland area was 50.89%, while in the lowland area, it was 29.77%. The average level of leaf spot disease incidence in the highland was 26.79%, whereas in the lowland, it was 24.61%. From these findings, it can be concluded that leaf spot disease (Cercospora capsici) has a higher incidence rate in red chili plants in the highland compared to the lowland during the rainy season. Knowledge of this difference can assist farmers in taking appropriate preventive or intervention measures to address disease outbreaks in red chili plants in both regions.

Hydrogeomorphic Response of Charcoals During River Transits and Its Impact on the Carbon Cycle

AbstractNatural or anthropogenic‐induced biomass burning produces large amounts of charcoals, which enter riverine or lacustrine systems mostly via surface runoff processes. Charcoal storage and cycling within large riverine systems can play a crucial role in mediating long‐term carbon sink across transient reservoirs, thereby influencing the global carbon budget. However, natural processes governing the transport and storage of charcoal particles in large terrestrial reservoirs such as the Indo‐Gangetic region still remain unknown. To understand charcoal movement and accumulation across upland and lowland transient reservoirs, we characterized spatial distribution and morphology of different charcoal forms (>125 μm and <125 μm) from bedload and floodplain sediments of the Yamuna sub‐basin (YSB), India. Both >125 μm and <125 μm charcoal forms in bedload and floodplain sediments did not exhibit similar spatial distribution patterns, indicating the segregation of charcoal particles influenced by variable flow regimes. Attrition with sediments breaks down fragile charcoals (leaves) quickly compared to the woody forms, resulting in dominant woody microforms in transient deposits. Higher stream power and limited stable bedform development in upland mountainous regions restrict charcoal storage. During lowland riverine transits, reduced stream power conditions allow increased floodwater inundation and finer clay substrate availability, facilitating an exponential increase in charcoal storage. However, increased discharge from peninsular rivers into the YSB leads to erosion and redistribution of sediment, including charcoal particles, and reduced charcoal storage in lowland transient areas. Such diverse dispersal pathways and fate of charcoal particles across riverine transits highlight the influence of regional hydrogeomorphic processes on the overall carbon cycle within transient reservoirs.

Adaptation and Promotion of Improved Beard Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties under Irrigation Condition in North West Amhara, Ethiopia

Twenty-two bread wheat varieties eight of them were heat tolerant and fourteen bread wheat varieties released under rain feed were evaluated in two sets for adaptation and promotion of the best-adapted varieties (2020-2021) cropping season under irrigation condition at Metema and Belesa districts. The objective of this experiment was to identify and promote the best adapted, high yielding, and heat tolerance bread wheat varieties for irrigated areas of the different agroecology regions. The experiments were conducted one year for a variety adaptation trial and a second year for demonstration of the best adapted, high yielding, and heat tolerance varieties from the two sets in the selected farmers filed under irrigation. The analysis of variance in both sets of experiments indicated that there was a highly significant difference (p<0.01) among the varieties for for most of the studied traits. The average mean of days to maturity for both sets was 92 days ranging from 80-96 days for heat tolerance & 83-97 days for released under rain feed. Early maturity was observed on the variety Ardi & kingbird (80 & 84 days) and late maturity was observed on the variety Werer-2 & Lemu (96 & 97 days) heat tolerance & rain feed respectively. The mean grain yield was 5670 kg ha-1 in heat tolerance & 3954 kg ha-1 released under rain feed. The grain yield was ranged from 5167 kg ha-1 (Amibara-2) to 6212 kg ha-1, 6195 kg ha-1 (Werer-2 & Fentale-2) and 2814 kg ha-1, 2820 kg ha-1 (Kingbird & Hidasie) to 6094 kg ha-1, 5220 kg ha-1 (Ogolcho & Adet-1) heat tolerance & released under rain feed prospectively. Three best adapted & high yielding varieties from both the trails were selected and promoted to participatory evaluation and promotion on different farmer’s fields. Grain yield showed a positive and highly significant correlation (P<0.01) with biological yield and thousand seed weight. There was also a highly significant (0<0.01) correlation (r=0.55, r=0.59, r=0.79 & r=0.46) between plant height with thousand seed weight, spike length, and biological yield and spikelets per spike. Days to maturity shows strong positive correlation (r=0.88) with the grain filling period. Therefore these traits could be used as indirect selection traits for grain yield according to the significance correlation suggestion. Farmers were also invited and evaluated the varieties based on their selection criteria during maturity time in both districts. Therefore, based on the analysis and farmers' preference, Fentale-2 was recommended for production with its full production packages under irrigation condition in the lowland areas of Gondar and other similar agro-ecologs.

Changes in grassland area in lowlands and marginal uplands: Medium-term differences and potential for carbon farming

Changes in grassland area in lowlands and marginal uplands: Medium-term differences and potential for carbon farming

Mass-Movement Causes and Landslide Susceptibility in River Valleys of Lowland Areas: A Case Study in the Central Radunia Valley, Northern Poland

This work aims to analyse the mechanisms and factors contributing to shallow soil landslides in river valleys entrenched in lowlands on the example of the Central Radunia Valley. The combination of susceptibility analysis using geographic-information-system-based statistical models, field surveys, analysis of archival materials, and numerical modelling for the analysis of slope stability and hydrogeological processes allows for comprehensive landslide reconstruction, mass movement mechanism description, and an explanation of the role of triggering and causal factors. The results emphasise the need for cross-disciplinary studies of shallow soil landslides. The identification and prioritisation of the causal factors indicate that geomorphological conditions play a particularly important role. The current study shows that the greatest influence on landslide formation in the Central Radunia Valley is slope angle, as determined using a high-resolution digital elevation model. The slope angle factor is sufficient to produce a reliable susceptibility map (the areas under the curve of the success rate and prediction rate curves are 87.84% and 85.34%, respectively). However, numerical modelling of slope failure also clearly indicated that there was a significant influence of anthropogenic impacts on the landslide process. We determined that the main triggering factor causing the January 2019 Rutki landslide was related to the drilling of a borehole on 10 January 2019. The water used for drilling hydrated the soil and thus weakened the stability conditions.

Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Schistosoma mansoni among Schoolchildren across Altitudinal Gradients in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and Schistosoma mansoni infections are common parasitic infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Their distributions vary across altitudes in Ethiopia. Hence, ongoing updates of infection risk factors and prevalence data are necessary for successful intervention. A school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2019 involving 530 schoolchildren who were recruited by systematic random sampling from Amhara Regional State. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, geographical and environmental factors. Stool samples were collected and processed by Ritchie's and Kato Katz techniques. Data were entered into EpiData and analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were used to compute prevalence, and logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with STHs and S. mansoni infections. Variables with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Among 530 schoolchildren, 169 (31.9%) and 78 (14.7%) were infected with STHs and S. mansoni, respectively. The prevalence of STHs (40.2%) in the semi-highlands and S. mansoni (30.4%) in the lowlands was high. Infrequent shoes wearing, exposure to soil, not washing vegetables before eating, and living outside in lowland areas were significantly associated with STHs infections (P < 0.05). Schoolchildren who fetched water to irrigate fields, swam in rivers, and lived in lowland areas were significantly associated with S. mansoni infection (P < 0.05). In conclusion, prevalence rates of STHs and S. mansoni infections differed across altitudes in Amhara Regional State. Therefore, current control strategies including deworming and provision of clean water and education on sanitation and hygiene should be intensified and adapted to the local context.

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-driven hypersedimentation in the Poechos Reservoir, northern Peru

Abstract. Although extreme El Niño events (EENEs) have always impacted hydrological anomalies and sediment transport in South America, their intensification by global warming and their association with changes in human activities and land cover after humid periods may lead to the acceleration of sediment transfers in river systems and dam reservoirs. This situation may threaten soil and water resources in arid and semiarid regions highly dependent on water originating from large dams. In this study, we investigated the sediment sequence accumulated in the Poechos Reservoir (northern Peru) and provided a retrospective reconstruction of the interactions of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), agricultural practices and vegetation cover changes with sediment dynamics (1978–2019). To this end, a sediment core was dated and characterized by physical and chemical analyses (e.g., scanner tomography, X-ray fluorescence, particle size analysis) to estimate the evolution of sedimentation rates and changes in sediment sources during the last 5 decades. Sediment tracing results indicated the occurrence of changes in sediment sources associated with positive and negative phases of the Eastern Pacific index with a greater contribution of the lowland dry-forest area in comparison to that of the Andean area to sediment during the El Niño events (mean contribution of 76 %; up to 90 % during the coastal El Niño events (CENEs) of 2016–2017). This source contribution was mostly controlled by the stationary rainfall occurring during the EENEs in the lowland dry-forest area characterized by a low vegetation cover. Overall, after an extreme phase of ENSO, like after the EENE 1982–1983, the normal discharges and persistent sediment supplies from the middle- and upper-catchment parts led to river aggradation and the storage of substantial amounts of sediment in alluvial plains. In the absence of a significant EENE between 1983 and 1997, the large volume of sediment stored in the alluvial plains was exported by the EENE 1997–1998 resulting in an increase in sedimentation rate of 140 % after 1997 with a significant aggradation of the deltaic zone of the reservoir. In addition to the impact of extreme climate events on sediment dynamics, the development of agriculture along the riverine system after an extreme phase of ENSO increased the availability of sediments in the main channel of the rivers, easily transported by the next EENE. This study suggests that intensification of human activities associated with a higher frequency of extreme rainfall events amplified the quantity of sediment transported by the river system, which will significantly decrease the lifespan of the reservoir, which is essential to meeting the freshwater demands of the farmers and the populations living in this arid and semiarid region.

Natural groundwater outflows in the Biebrza Valley: Temporal stability, geochemical composition and role in ecohydrological processes of valley wetlands

Natural groundwater outflows are very sensitive to changes in the environment. In the era of changing climate and progressive anthropogenic activity, they often disappear, retreat, and water quality deteriorates. Inefficient sources in lowland areas are the most vulnerable to these processes. In 2021, we conducted an inventory of natural groundwater outflows in the Biebrza Valley. Most of the existing outflows are non-concentrated outflows (exudations, linear leakages, fens). The outflow of several outflows exceeded 5 dm3·s−1. Their distribution within the Biebrza Basin is uneven. We identified the largest concentration of linear seepages on the right bank of the lower Biebrza basin near the village of Ruś. The most common types in the BNP are di- and tri-ionic waters, characteristic of lowland areas of Poland. The increase in nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in the spring water indicates the impact of the developing agricultural activity (cattle breeding). The increase in DOC concentration may reflect changing hydro-meteorological conditions (droughts and torrential rains). The values of most parameters in spring water were lower than in shallow groundwater. This gives a better picture of the quality of shallow groundwater. The physical and chemical characteristics of natural groundwater outflows in the BNP fall within the hydro-chemical background of the waters of the first aquifer in this area.

Dietary intake and diversity among children of age 6–59 months in lowland and highland areas in Kilosa District in Morogoro, Tanzania

Dietary intake and diversity among children of age 6–59 months in lowland and highland areas in Kilosa District in Morogoro, Tanzania

The risk of ignorance of DEM Height Reference System on coastal inundation modeling (the case of Jakarta)

As a result of continuing land subsidence which is also followed by sea level rise, some lowland coastal areas will experience coastal inundation. The lowlands will gradually become lower than sea level at high tide and even during normal conditions. Some areas where even it is not high tide would experience coastal inundation permanently in certain time. Coastal inundation modeling is important to create, so that we can map potential hazards and disaster risks. With coastal conditions that are usually inhabited by many people, become economic centers and others, then when coastal inundation occurs, material losses will certainly occur. To create a coastal inundation model, parameters are needed including the DEM. The coastal lowlands are represented from the DEM. From the corrected DEM for land subsidence, sea level rise and tidal hydraulic models, with some calculation we will get a coastal inundation model. The most important thing related to this model is the accuracy of the DEM and the height of the reference system. If we do not use an accurate DEM, and do not use the height reference system correctly then we will not get a reliable coastal inundation model. The impact is that we will not be get a correct map the hazards and disaster risks due to the coastal inundation. This paper will demonstrate the risk when we ignore the height reference system, so that we get a miss leading in the dangers and risks of coastal inundation in Jakarta as a case study area. As a result of investigation we can see with incorrect height reference system we found underestimate and or overestimate model and disputed the risk.

Scots pine stands in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract The article presents the results of the research on the features of Pinus sylvestris L. condition and productivity in forest stands of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (in Kharkiv and Sumy regions) for 2006–2021. The study was carried out using the ‘Forests of Ukraine’ Database as of 01.01.2017, and the results of field research at 30 temporary sample plots (TSP), 3 permanent sample plots (PSP) (in 2006–2018), and 13 monitoring plots (2009–2021). Generally accepted methods and new standards were used. The dynamics of forestry and evaluation indicators of Scots pine stands at sample plots were analyzed and compared with high-productive Scots pine stands. The characteristics of natural regeneration are given. It was revealed that the age structure of pine stands is not optimal: there is an excess of middle-aged stand areas. Changes in the structure and development of managed Scots pine stands with respect to changing environmental conditions were observed for 2009–2021. Studied forest stands showed a tendency for negative changes in stand structural characteristics related to regeneration and growth. Drought mainly in combination with even medium anthropogenic impact can further worsen the health status of Scots pine stands in lowland areas of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Thus, the formulation of forest management measures to mitigate the impact of these stress factors is needed.

Growth performance of maize (Zea Mays) in the initial stage under shallow water conditions to determine the best planting season in lowland area

Maize crop is one of the agricultural commodity crops that have an important role in the agricultural sector because corn plants are needed in the supply of food, feed, livestock and other industrial needs. The condition of corn plants with high rainfall can result in the risk of flooding of corn plants, if the corn plants are always flooded continuously it will result in a decrease in corn production. Stagnant water is an abiotic stress that must be considered because it can result in an increase in H2O and a decrease in O2 in stagnant plants. Stagnant water or excessive water stress can result in decreased plant development and decreased production. The aim of the research was to look at the growth conditions of maize plants at various high groundwater levels. The best expansion was achieved in treatment P5 (groundwater table 30 cm from the soil surface) that is 212.67 cm and the lowest results were in treatment P2 (groundwater table 5 cm from the soil surface) with a plant height of 61.50 cm

Effect of Straw Compost (Oryza sativa L.) on Crop Production

Agricultural productivity depends mainly on soil fertility, particularly in intensified-paddy fields. Heavily relying on synthetic agrochemicals in intensified agriculture could be changed to regenerative agriculture utilizing cultivation wastes to achieve sustainable food production. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw compost for intensified-rice cultivation. Rice straw compost from the previous planting season was composted on the field (in situ). The composting used “Effective Microorganisms version 4” (EM-4), which contains Lactobacillus sp., Rhodopseudomonas sp., Actinomycetes sp., Streptomyces sp., yeast, and cellulose-decomposing fungus. The test field used 4 tons of straw compost and treatments adopted from the local farmers’ planting style named Legowo 4:1. Observations on these treatments include the plant nutrients, plant contents, rice components, and yield production. The differences in the results were analyzed using the paired t-test. The results show that the application of straw compost provides a significant increase in dry grain weight, panicle length, and the number of grains per rice plant. However, the treatment did not give significant results on the clumps number and rice grain weight. Besides improving rice production, straw compost improved the C-organic, total N, and K levels in the soil. Based on this study, rice straw compost brings benefits for paddy cultivation as well as the reuse of agricultural waste in a simple way, especially in tropical lowland areas of Indonesia.

Design and Implementation of Solar Power System on Lettuce Hydroponic Greenhouse in Sekayu Musi Banyuasin Regency South Sumatera Province

Cultivation of lettuce in a greenhouse is considered a sustainable agricultural technique. Unlike conventional farming, which is susceptible to water shortages, pests, and other uncertainties that can lead to inconsistent and lower-quality lettuce production, hydroponic cultivation in a greenhouse ensures not only high-quality lettuce production but also continuous availability of crops, protected from extreme weather conditions such as droughts and pests. Although greenhouse cultivation is an effective approach, in lowland areas like Sekayu City, the capital of Musi Banyuasin Regency, the microclimate inside the greenhouse can be relatively high and less favorable for lettuce growth. Lettuce ideally thrives in highland regions with a temperature of around 28°C and humidity of 76%. Therefore, it is necessary to control the microclimate inside the greenhouse to optimize lettuce growth. This control requires electrical energy to operate various electronic devices in the microclimate control system, such as exhaust fans and cooling pad water pump. In this study, a solar power electrical system is designed to meet the energy needs for operating a lettuce greenhouse in Sekayu City, Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province. The research was conducted for 31 days, from July 1 to July 31, 2023. The highest power output was recorded on July 31, 2023, at 11 kWh, while the lowest output occurred on July 20, 2023, at 5 kWh. The research utilized an MMPT inverter, which prevents overcharging and maintains a constant 50 A input power when charging the battery. Additionally, an IoT system was used to monitor the performance of the solar power generation system, facilitating data collection on electricity production.

Long-term cover crops and no-tillage in Entisol increase enzyme activity and carbon stock and enable the system fertilization in southern Brazil

The use of cover crops and the adoption of no-tillage are essential conservation practices to increase carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks and increase soil microbial activity. However, in lowland areas cultivated with irrigated rice, there is a large gap on the effects of no-tillage with long-term cover crops on soil attributes, crop responses and the effect of the system fertilization. The aim of this work was to evaluate the long-term adoption of cover crops and no-tillage on soil microbial activity, soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and on the response of irrigated rice to system fertilization. Treatments consisted of fallow-conventional, fallow-no tillage, annual ryegrass, Oat, Ornithphus micranthus and Lotus cornicultaus. In the sub-plots, system and conventional fertilization per crop were compared. The experiment was conducted in southern Brazil in an Entisol and started in the 1996/97 crop season. Cover crops associated with the use of no-tillage increases basal respiration (+ 31%) of the soil, β-glucosidase activity (+ 259%), SOC and N stocks. Urease activity increased by an average of 41% in no-tillage under cover crops compared to the conventional system under fallow, with the exception of ryegrass. System fertilization promoted higher dry matter production (+ 130%) in grasses and a lower increase (+ 23%) in winter legumes. The use of long-term no-tillage and cover crops promoted higher rice productivity (+ 9%). In this way, the association of cover crops and no-tillage increases C and N stocks and the biological activity of the soil under long-term continuous irrigated rice cultivation.

Modification of canola cultivation conditions in a waterlogging-susceptible subtropical environment

Waterlogging directly interferes with the production capacity of agricultural crops in response to the morphophysiological changes caused to plants. Since the cultivation of poorly drained soils is traditionally avoided, this study aimed to evaluate the possibility of expanding canola cultivation into waterlogged soils using soil surface drainage and different row spacings in lowland areas of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Treatments consisted of the presence and absence of surface drains at 0.25 m depth and row spacings of 0.17, 0.34, 0.51, and 0.68 m arranged in two-factorial randomized blocks with four replications, in 2018 and 2019. In this study, growth traits, yield components, and the final grain yield of canola were evaluated. The increase in lateral branching in canola plants was found to be directly related to waterlogging and negatively affected yield. The use of drains positively impacted the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, the 1,000 seeds weight, and grain yield. The more intense waterlogging conditions in 2018 resulted in the highest grain yield and superior production traits were obtained with row spacings between 0.41 and 0.48 m. In the absence of waterlogging, the 0.17 m row spacing was more productive. Canola cultivation can occur in waterlogged soils in the presence of surface drainage and at row spacings ranging from 0.40 to 0.50 m.

Agricultural impacts on lowland tropical streams detected through leaf litter decomposition

Stream ecosystems are highly vulnerable to changes in land use and vegetation in their catchments for two reasons: firstly, they receive inputs of nutrients, contaminants and sediments through runoff; and secondly, terrestrial leaf litter is the major basal resource supporting their food webs. Leaf litter decomposition by microorganisms and detritivores is thus a key stream ecosystem process, and a valuable functional indicator of impacts associated to agriculture and other alterations of human origin. Here, we investigated the joint effects of land use changes associated to agriculture (low, medium and high intervention areas: LI, MI and HI, respectively) in a tropical lowland catchment in Panama, through a decomposition experiment using three leaf litter types differing in nativeness (Ficus insipida, native to the study area; Alnus acuminata, native to Panama but not present in the study area; and Musa balbisiana, exotic to Panama). Lowland tropical areas are often poor in litter-consuming detritivores, and we accordingly observed a high contribution of microorganisms to total decomposition (>60% on average). However, only in the presence of detritivores, decomposition of Alnus discriminated among different degrees of agricultural intervention, being higher at the LI area. Leaf litter of the native Ficus showed higher microbial decomposition than the other types, possibly in relation to a home-field advantage effect. Despite the scarcity of detritivores in tropical lowland streams compared to tropical highland or temperate streams, our study indicates that their activity reflects impacts of land use change on these streams and they should therefore be included in assessments of anthropogenic impacts.

A “reserve” of regulating services: The importance of a remnant protected forest for human well-being in the Po delta (Italy)

During the last century the landscape of the Po delta (Italy), one of the most important European deltaic areas, was strongly altered by extended land reclamation and land use intensification. Consequently, the loss of the lowland forested area that was once extended along the region's coast took place. The present study aims to evaluate the ecosystem services provided by the Bosco Mesola woodland, a remnant-forested area of 1,058 ha located on an agriculture-dominated landscape, nowadays protected as a National Nature Reserve. Five ecosystem services were selected and evaluated both in biophysical and monetary terms, including provisioning (firewood production for industrial bioenergy and households’ heating purposes), regulating (air quality and climate regulation by carbon storage), and cultural services (eco-tourism), using experimental and collected data and modeling. The results underlined that the Reserve provides services for a total 10.4 M€ yr-1 and stores carbon for an estimated value of 7.2 M€. Notably, regulating services, such as air quality regulation (i.e. PM10 and O3 removal) accounts for 98.5% of the total annual value. While raising the issue related to the identification and conservation of ESs with no direct market value, whose socio-political and applicative fields have great relevance, this study demonstrates that remnant forests are exceptional providers of ecosystem services that can significantly contribute to reaching multiple sustainable development goals and whose preservation is largely remarked in EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. In this regard, the integration of different methods and data sources for ES assessment allow to capture a comprehensive range of ESs that may properly support the decision process.

Determinants of correct knowledge on tuberculosis transmission and self-reported tuberculosis prevalence among general population aged 15-49 years in Myanmar.

Myanmar has been identified as one of the tuberculosis (TB) high-burden countries and having an understanding of TB transmission is vital for personal infection prevention as well as preventing transmission to others. This study aimed to identify the determinants of correct knowledge on TB transmission and self-reported TB prevalence among general population in Myanmar. This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from Myanmar demographic and health survey 2015-16. The determinants of correct knowledge on TB transmission mode and self-reported prevalence of TB were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models. Weighted estimates were provided in all analyses to account for the multistage sampling design used in the survey. Among the respondents, less than half (44.6%, 95% CI: 43.9, 45.4) had the overall correct knowledge about TB transmission and misconceptions. Older age group, female gender, those with higher education and higher socioeconomic status, and exposed to mass media at least once a week, residents from the delta and lowland region or plain areas were more likely to have correct knowledge about TB transmission. The overall prevalence rate of self-reported TB was 2.6% (95%CI: 2.4, 2.9) and the prevalence was higher among older age group and males. Our study highlights the need for targeted efforts to improve awareness and understanding of TB transmission among general population in Myanmar. The study suggests the implementation of appropriate, innovative, and comprehensive targeted TB education and communication strategies.