Lower Levels Of Self-efficacy Research Articles

Level of Knowledge and Self Efficacy Improve Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Behaviors

The incidence of breast cancer is 40 per 100.000 women. BSE is a screening to detect breast cancer. The research objective is to determine the correlation between knowledge and self-efficacy with BSE behavior. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study utilized a sample of 20-65 women aged 100 years. Multistage random sampling was used as the sampling technique—univariate and bivariate analysis with a significance level of ρ 0.05 and CI of 95%. The analysis results showed a correlation between the level of knowledge and self-efficacy with BSE behavior (p-value = 0.026; 0.021) and PR values of 2.5 and 2.6 (CI 95%: 1.074-5.641; 1.100- 6.293). In conclusion, women who have a high level of knowledge and self-efficacy are three times more likely to do BSE compared to women with low levels of knowledge and self-efficacy.

The Role of Self-Efficacy and Activity Patterns in the Physical Activity Levels of Women with Fibromyalgia.

Keeping high levels of physical activity is a challenge among chronic patients. In this regard, self-efficacy has been identified as a crucial variable to reduce sedentarism and physical inactivity in women with fibromyalgia. The current study aimed to evaluate the associations among objective physical activity levels, self-efficacy, activity patterns, and the impact of the disease, as well as to compare those variables between women with fibromyalgia with different self-efficacy levels. For this purpose, in this cross-sectional study, the physical activity levels of 123 women with fibromyalgia were assessed by accelerometers, together with self-efficacy, the impact of the disease, and activity patterns. Results revealed that self-efficacy for light or moderate physical activity was directly related to light (p < 0.01), moderate (p < 0.01), and vigorous physical activity (p < 0.05), as well as inversely related to sedentary time (p < 0.01). Moreover, the main differences were observed between those with low self-efficacy levels and the rest of the sample, while there were no differences between the high and the medium self-efficacy groups (p > 0.05). Thus, self-efficacy for walking and light physical activity seems to be more relevant than self-efficacy for moderate and vigorous physical activity to achieve higher levels of physical activity.

Индивидуальные и групповые интересы HR-специалистов как ценностно-смысловые регуляторы самоэффективности

Background. In modern organizations, specialists who are ready to cope with uncertainty, stress, anxiety, capable of conscious self-regulation, self-organization, and characterized by high self-efficacy are of particular value. First of all, this applies to specialists who directly work with the personnel of organizations, since their effectiveness and motivation influence the activities of other employees. In this regard, it seems relevant to study individual and group interests of HR specialists as their self-efficacy regulators in the system of personal resources. Objective. The study had its purpose to study the relationship between the self-efficacy of HR-specialists and their individual and group interests. Methods. Theoretical categorical analysis, the Maddux-Scheer self-efficacy test, the author's technique for identifying the employees' labor interests, statistical methods. Sample. Human resource specialists, N=120, 67% women, mean age 31 years. Results. Analysis and comparative evaluation of the data obtained on 8 subscales of labor interests (economic, professional, career, group, corporate, territorial, civil and general) and 2 subscales of self-efficacy (activity and social) have revealed that HR-specialists with high and medium levels of self-efficacy were dominated by the individual (economic, professional, and career) interests, while those with a low level of self-efficacy – by the group and corporate interests. It was found that professional, career, and economic interests are most associated with self-efficacy (r=0.5; r=0.485 and r=0.423 with p` <0.05, respectively). The group interests of HR-specialists are not linked to their self-efficacy. Conclusion. The identified correlation between general labor interests and self-efficacy allows to conclude: the higher the level of interest of an HR specialist in his activities, the higher he assesses his competence in solving professional problems and the more confident he is in achieving the desired result, which strengthens his self-efficacy in professional activities and ultimately affects labor productivity. In addition, the orientation of labor interests can serve as a value-semantic regulator of self-efficacy.

Online Learning Self-Efficacy during an Emergent Transition: A Cross-sectional Survey among Undergraduate Students in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected higher education, necessitating a sudden shift to virtual classes in response to COVID-19 restrictions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This transition has highlighted the importance of exploring factors that may influence students’ Self-Efficacy (SE) in online learning. Aim: To identify the dimensions of perceived SE in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine the association between demographic characteristics and SE levels. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnairebased research design was conducted at the Department of Nursing, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia from January 2022 to May 2022, spanning a duration of five months. Data was collected through an online structured questionnaire, which included a demographic section and the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Online Learning (SeQoL). A total of 250 complete responses were received. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23.0. Mean and standard deviation were used to identify the mean SE in online learning. The Chi-square (χ2 ) test was used to explore the association between SE and demographic variables. Results: Out of the total 250 students, the majority were females, 184 (76%), with age range of 20-21 years. The study found that nearly half of the participants had a high level of SE (119, 47.6%), one-fourth had moderate SE (64, 25.6%), and 67 (26.8%) had a low SE level. The mean SE in online learning among the students was 150.8 with a Standard Deviation (SD) of 77.43, corresponding to a mean percentage of 60.3%. The sub-sections of the SE scale related to interacting with classmates and instructors scored lower than other subsections. The level or year of education (p<0.001), the device used for online learning (p=0.031), previous online education exposure (p=0.038), and hours of online learning (p=0.036) were significantly associated with participants’ online SE. However, age (p=0.187) and gender (p=0.609) did not have a significant effect on online SE. Conclusion: In the present study, the majority of participants exhibited high or moderate SE in online learning. However, one-fourth of them had low SE levels, indicating the need for improvements in the online learning framework at the University of Tabuk. The study recommends enhancing learning support systems, technical support systems, and interaction to develop SE in online learning, thereby improving the overall quality of the online learning experience.

Primary Science Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs about Teaching in Malaysia

This research aimed to measure the primary science teachers' self-efficacy beliefs about teaching in Malaysia. A descriptive research design was used for this study. The sample consisted of 144 primary science teachers in Batang Padang, Perak. The instrument’s items were adapted from three different instruments and modified for this study; the components of the subscales are "Pedagogical Knowledge," "Content Knowledge," "Teachers' Effort," and "Student Engagement." The study investigated the differences in teachers' self-efficacy according to gender, and education qualifications. A T-test was used to compare the mean differences between different groups. There was a statistically significant difference between male teachers (M = 4.08, SD = 0.42) and female teachers (M = 3.93, SD = 0.39). In contrast, t-test results showed no statistically significant difference between primary science teachers who possessed different education qualifications regarding their self-efficacy. This study redounded to science education by looking at the self-efficacy judgment of science teachers and providing information about the strengths and weaknesses of teachers' self-efficacy in Batang Padang, Perak. From this study, it emerged that female teachers have a lower level of self-efficacy. Therefore, because most of the teachers are female, it is crucial to determine why female teachers have lower efficacy and their difficulties. Research should further investigate and comprehend the differences in self-efficacy beliefs based on other demographic variables. Research should further investigate and comprehend the differences in self-efficacy beliefs based on other demographic variables. Keywords: science teacher, self-efficacy beliefs, science education. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.60.19

Health literacy and self-efficacy associations with non-adherence to dental treatment among young adults.

The aim of this study was to investigate associations of health literacy (HL), general self-efficacy (GSE), and sociodemographic variables with non-adherence to dental treatment among Brazilian young adults. This is a cross-sectional study based on a cohort study of 248 young adults aged 19 to 25 years followed up in an earlier study. The participants completed the perceived general self-efficacy scale (GSE), a questionnaire on socioeconomic and demographic variables and were examined for oral conditions. HL was measured using the Brazilian version of the health literacy questionnaire (HLQ-Br), which provides nine individual scores based on an average of the items within each of the nine scales. Dental treatment adherence was evaluated as the decision of young adults to seek a dentist to finish the recommended restorative treatment for dental caries. The effects of HL domains on the adherence to dental treatment were analyzed by logistic regression and the effect was adjusted for sex, age, family income, paternal and maternal education, type of housing, and self-efficacy. The results of the adjusted analysis showed associations among young adults who did not adhere to dental treatment with lower self-efficacy levels, living in non-owner-occupied homes, and lower HL levels in almost all of the HL domains (p < 0.05). Only the HLQ6 domain "Ability to actively engage with healthcare providers" was not associated with the outcome (p>0.05). Adherence to dental treatment in primary care among young adults was associated with their general self-efficacy levels, socioeconomic characteristics, and individual's lower HL aspects.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ КАК ФАКТОР СУБЪЕКТИВНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ С РАЗНЫМ УРОВНЕМ САМОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ

The relevance of the problem posed is due to the need for psychological support for students through the op-timization of socio-psychological safety. This will increase the level of students’ self-efficacy, the efficiency of their activities and interpersonal interaction. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of inter-relation between the concepts of socio-psychological safety and subjective well-being in groups of students with different levels of self-efficacy. The following methodologies were used in the empirical study: «So-cio-psychological safety»(T.V.Eksakusto), Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (R.Schwarzer, M.Jerusalem, in adaptation by V.G.Romek), «Questionnaire of subjective social well-being parameters»(T.V.Danilchenko). The research sample consisted of full-time university students. The correlation coeffi-cients were calculated using the Spearman correlation coefficient; the statistical difference between the groups was proved using Fisher’s test. Subjective social well-being is considered as satisfaction with one’s own social and personal status, prospects and the current state of the society to which a person belongs, in-terpersonal relationships, satisfaction of social needs. The study established a high level of students’ trust, gaining of support, respect and positive feedback from the immediate environment. A comparison of two groups of students with different levels of self-efficacy showed that a high level of self-efficacy of students is due to self-confidence, positive social judgments, such students demonstrate a high level of consistency and safety in interpersonal relations. The study established differences in the relationship between the pa-rameters of socio-psychological safety and subjective social well-being in groups of students with different levels of self-efficacy. Students with a high level of self-efficacy strive to get information about the partner and the situation in communication, show confidence in their ability to actively influence the situation of in-teraction in accordance with their goals. Students with a low level of self-efficacy ensure subjective well-being in interpersonal relations through focusing on the opinions of significant people, through getting their support, acceptance, help, and positive emotional feedback.

The Correlation Between Self-Efficacy and Learning Motivation in 11th Grade of Senior High School

The current spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has disrupted the national education system. In order to mitigate and cut the spread, including the implementation of online learning using interactive media and prohibiting face to face classroom learning. The question that rose as the background of this research is whether there is a correlation between self efficacy and learning motivation on 11th grade students of SMA Trimurti Surabaya. The research is conducted using correlational technique of a quantitative research. The research population consists of 110 11th graders of SMA Trimurti Surabaya, while the sample taken for the research consists of 86 students. The data collection technique used in the research is the self efficacy (0.970) and learning motivation scaleI(0,871), specifically using the likert scale. The data analysis analyses variable (X) self efficacy and variable (Y) learning motivation that are processed using product-moment correlation from Pearson by using SPSS 17.0 for Windows. The research result describes a positive correlation between self efficacy and learning motivation on 11th grade students of SMA Trimurti Surabaya. The result is shown by looking at the correlated coefficient analysis result rxy=0,334 with a significance of 0.002 which means the hypothesys is acceptable due to the significance number being &gt;0.05. Both variables are significant and inter-correlated in which if a student has a high level of self efficacy, then his/her learning motivation level is also high. On the contrary, if a student has a low level of self efficacy, then his/her learning motivation level is also low. In this research, the result of coefficient determination of 11th grade students of SMA Trimurti Surabaya is 0.111 which means that the influence of self efficacy toward learning motivation is 11.1% while the other 88.9% is influenced by other factors.

Application of machine learning to discover interactions predictive of dietary lapses.

The purpose of this study it to build a machine learning model to predict dietary lapses with comparable accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity to previous literature while recovering predictor interactions. The sample for the current study consisted of merged data from two separate studies of individuals with obesity/overweight (total N = 87). Participants completed six ecological momentary assessment surveys per day where they were asked about 16 risk factors of lapse and if they had lapsed from their dietary prescriptions since the previous survey. Alcohol consumption and self-efficacy were the most prevalent in the top 10 stable interactions. Alcohol consumption decreased the protective effect of self-efficacy, motivation, and planning. Higher planning predicted higher risk for lapse only when consuming alcohol. Low motivation, hunger, cravings, and lack of healthy food availability increased the protective effect of self-efficacy. Higher self-efficacy increased risk effect of positive mood and having recently eaten a meal on lapse. For individuals with lower levels of self-efficacy, planning increased the risk of lapse. Alcohol intake and self-efficacy interact with several variables to predict dietary lapses, and these interactions should be targeted in just-in-time adaptive interventions that deliver interventions for lapses.

Computer Self-efficacy and Perceptions of Online Learning during the Covid-19 Lockdown in Iran High Schools

The sudden shift to online teaching following the outbreak of COVID-19 has confronted English language learners with numerous challenges. The students’ perceptions and practices in online learning environments might be influenced by their technology-oriented abilities to survive in the current educational predicament. The current study elucidated the 12th-grade high school students’ online learning experiences in a developing country during the global pandemic in light of their computer self-efficacy (CSE) level. To this end, a total number of 110 students completed the computer self-efficacy scale. The results indicated a moderate to low level of computer self-efficacy among the participants. According to the obtained scores, they were divided into low-CSE and high-CSE groups and asked to ruminate over their online learning experiences during the pandemic by answering eight questions in the form of self-reflection essays. The self-reflections of the two groups were separately analysed, and the recurrent themes were extracted. The results revealed several commonalities and discrepancies between the low- and high- CSE students considering their distant learning experiences within the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings provide pedagogical recommendations for enhancing online learning efficiency among high school students.

Does intense contact with people with disabilities lead to more inclusive behaviour within professional practice?

ABSTRACT The teacher training programme set up a five-day sports camp to explore the effects of intense contact on the attitudes, self-efficacy and behaviour of pre-service teachers regarding persons with disabilities. A questionnaire based on the components of the theory of planned behaviour was completed by 77 pre-service participants. General analyses showed rather positive attitudes and a low level of self-efficacy. Results show that the subjective norm and self-efficacy are antecedents of intention, but attitudes were not. Intention in turn was not an antecedent of behaviour. We can cautiously conclude that direct and intense contact increases attitudes, self-efficacy and inclusive behaviour, therefore this study is a plea for direct and intense contact with people with disabilities as part of the curriculum.

Engaging patients and citizens in digital health technology development through the virtual space.

Digital technologies are increasingly empowering individuals to take charge of their health and improve their well-being. However, there are disparities in access related to demographic, economic, and sociocultural factors that result in exclusion from the use of digital technologies for different groups of the population. The development of digital technology in health is a powerful lever for improving care and services, but also brings risks for certain users in vulnerable situations. Increased digital health inequalities are associated with limited digital literacy, lack of interest, and low levels of self-efficacy in using technology. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic healthcare systems, the leap to digital is essential. To foster responsible innovation and optimal use of digital health by all, including vulnerable groups, we propose that patient and citizen engagement must be an essential component of the research strategy. Patient partners will define expectations and establish research priorities using their experiential knowledge, while benefiting from rich exposure to the research process to increase their self-efficacy and digital literacy. We will support this proposition with an operationalised example aiming to implement a Virtual Community of Patients and Citizens Partners (COMVIP), a digital tool co-created with patients and public experts, as active team members in research. Founded on the principles of equity, diversity and inclusion, this base of citizen expertise will assemble individuals from different backgrounds and literacy levels living in vulnerable situations to acquire knowledge, and share their experiences, while contributing actively in the co-development of innovative strategies and health technology assessment.

Parents’ Self-efficacy and Children’s Behavior in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece

ABSTRACT This exploratory study examines parents’ views of their parenting self-efficacy and children’s behaviour during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece. One hundred and fifty-nine parents whose children were 3–5 years old completed an online survey. The Short-Form of the Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index-Toddler Scale (SEPTI-TS) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used to assess parents’ self-efficacy and children’s behaviour problems, respectively. Data were collected from the 1st of April to the 31st of May 2020. Results from the descriptive statistical analysis revealed that young children did not show any behavioural challenges during this period, whereas parents experienced low levels of self-efficacy for their parenting skills, especially on discipline and routines. The results from MANOVA analysis demonstrated that a child’s total difficulties score impacted on a parent’s self-efficacy. The findings suggest that intervention programmes and policies that focus on parents’ support can enhance parents’ self-efficacy during times of crisis.

The relationship between depression and subjective cognitive decline in older adults of China: the mediating role of general self-efficacy

ABSTRACT Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is common in older adults and may also be an early marker for future cognitive impairment. Depression is an important influencing factor for subjective cognitive decline in old age. However, the mediating effects of general self-efficacy in depression and subjective cognition are yet to be explored. This study included 308 participants who were ≥60 years. Participants were asked to complete the self-report measures of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), Subjective Cognitive Decline-Questionnaire (SCD-Q), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). We used correlations, regressions, and structural equation models for the analyses. The bootstrapping method was performed to confirm the mediation effect. The subjective cognitive decline was found to be significantly and positively correlated to depression. Bootstrapping mediation analyses indicated that depression could affect SCD not only directly but also indirectly through general self-efficacy. General self-efficacy partly played a mediating role between depression and SCD. Hence, community workers and clinicians should actively help the elderly experiencing low levels of general self-efficacy to reduce their SCD.

Psychosocial Determinants of Loneliness in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic-Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health and social behavior of people around the world. Due to epidemiological restrictions, the period of forced isolation contributed to the feeling of loneliness. The aim of the research is to identify factors and conditions associated to the feeling of loneliness in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The survey was conducted among 262 people from the north-eastern Polish area, using an online survey. The diagnostic survey method was used, using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Measurement Scale, the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the WHOQoL-Bref questionnaire. Results: A statistically significant relationship was observed between the feeling of loneliness and areas of quality of life, especially psychological and social, generalized self-efficacy and marital status and way of living (p < 0.05). Higher levels of stress, social distancing, restrictions at work, health status were significantly correlated with an increase in loneliness. Remote work was associated with a lower assessment of the quality of life in the psychological field (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Higher levels of loneliness were significantly more likely to affect people living alone and not in a relationship. Higher levels of loneliness were significantly associated with lower quality of life in the social and psychological domains, lower levels of self-efficacy, and remote work.

Thinking styles and their relationship with self-efficacy among deaf and hard-of-hearing adolescent students.

This study aimed to identify the most common thinking styles of deaf/hard-of-hearing (DHH) and hearing adolescent students, and to examine the extent to which thinking styles predict self-efficacy. It also explored gender-based differences in the thinking styles and self-efficacy of DHH students. Data were collected from 145 DHH and 160 hearing adolescent students in Saudi Arabia (Mage = 17.8 years; SDage = 3.57 years) using the Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised II (TSI-R2) and Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C). Findings revealed that the executive, local, conservative, and chaotic thinking styles were more prevalent among DHH students, while the legislative, universal, liberal, and critical thinking styles were more prevalent among hearing students. Those with Type I thinking styles had higher levels of self-efficacy, while those with Type II thinking styles had lower levels of self-efficacy. There were gender-based differences in the self-efficacy of DHH and hearing students, with higher scores observed among females. Further, for DHH students, the Legislative, Liberal, and Internal thinking styles were more prevalent among males rather than females, while the Executive, Hierarchical, Conservative, External, Judicial, and Local thinking styles were more prevalent among females rather than males. For hearing students, males were more likely to exhibit the Liberal, External, and Oligarchic styles, while females were more likely to exhibit the Global, Executive, Conservative, Local, and Hierarchical styles. Together, these findings suggest the need to train DHH students to use positive thinking styles by implementing courses in their school curricula that enable them to reflect on their self-efficacy.

Creative Thinking Skills based on Self-efficacy in Creative Problem Solving Learning with Scaffolding

This research aimed to discuss creative mathematical thinking ability based on self-efficacy in CPS learning with scaffolding. This research employed qualitative descriptive design. The subjects of the research were 6 students of class XI of junior high school selected based on three categories of self-efficacy, they were: high, medium, and low. Two students were found in the high self-efficacy category, two students from the medium self-efficacy category and two students from the low self-efficacy category. The results of this research showed that students with high self-efficacy level were able to complete the four qualifications of creative thinking abilities, they were fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Students with the medium self-efficacy level were still having difficulty showing up ideas to determine the unusual way of being used. Students with low self-efficacy level had difficulty in understanding the problem so that it is only able to meet one qualification of creative thinking ability that is fluency. Based on the explanation of the results of this research, it can be concluded that no student with low self-efficacy level has a high score of creative thinking ability.

Multiple mediating effects of self-efficacy and physical activity on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life in adults with cardiovascular disease.

Poor health-related quality of life is prevalent among individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and may be associated with frailty as well as low levels of self-efficacy and physical activity. This study aimed to identify the multiple mediating effects of exercise self-efficacy and physical activity on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life among community-dwelling adults with CVD. This cross-sectional study included 489 Korean patients aged >20 years diagnosed with CVD. Data were collected through an online survey conducted in June 2021. The mediation hypothesis was tested using a serial multiple mediation model and the bootstrapping method. Approximately, 39.5% of patients in this study were in a frail state. Our main finding revealed that frailty had an indirect effect on health-related quality of life through all three different pathways: each single mediation of exercise self-efficacy and physical activity, and the serial multiple mediation of exercise self-efficacy and physical activity as the first and second mediators, respectively. The direct effect of frailty on the health-related quality of life was also significant. Frail adults with CVD tended to have lower levels of self-efficacy, physical activity, and poor health-related quality of life. Thus, early identification of frailty and interventions targeting the promotion of self-efficacy and physical activity may improve health-related quality of life in adults with CVD. Longitudinal studies are necessary to further refine our findings across other samples and to address the limitations of the current study.

Predictors of psychological resilience trajectories in patients with knee arthroplasty: A longitudinal study.

To identify the different classes of total knee arthroplasty patients according to the heterogenous trajectories of psychological resilience and investigate the predictors for different patterns of resilience. A prospective cohort study. A total of 210 patients with total knee arthroplasty from March to December 2021 were included. Baseline assessment (T0) data were collected before surgery and included demographic, biological (clinical characteristics), psychological (psychological resilience, self-efficacy, psychological distress, hope, medical coping mode) and social (social support) factors. Resilience measurements were repeated at 3 days after surgery (T1), the date of discharge (T2), and 1 month (T3) and 3 months (T4) after discharge. Latent growth mixture modelling was employed to define different resilience trajectories. Predictors of class membership were identified using multinomial logistic regression. Data from 198 patients were analysed. Three latent classes were identified with similar patterns in different intercepts, showing a significant decrease in resilience from admission (T0) to 3 days after surgery (T1) followed by an increase from T1 to T4. The three trajectories of psychological resilience were named the stable-resilience class (65.66%), high-resilience class (17.68%), and low-resilience class (16.66%). Multinomial logistic regression showed that compared with the stable-resilience class, the high-resilience class was predicted by having a higher level of hope, having higher education, living in urban areas and having more children, while the low-resilience class was predicted by having lower levels of self-efficacy and hope, living in semirural areas, and having more children. The three trajectories indicated that surgery was the major stressor influencing patients' psychological resilience and that patients in the low-resilience class needed to be intervened. Predictors of patients in different classes provide evidence for the identification of vulnerable populations and lay a foundation for future research contributing to the development of targeted interventions for improving patients' psychological resilience. No patient or public contribution but the time points of investigation were decided based on our interviews with 12 total knee arthroplasty patients.

Future Public Health Anti-trafficking Training: An Exploratory Inquiry among Public Health Graduate Students to Understand their Levels of Awareness, Knowledge, and Self-efficacy in Order to Prevent, Identify, and Assist Survivors of Human Trafficking

ABSTRACT Human trafficking (HT) is a violation of human rights and a serious public health concern. Recently, efforts have focused on training frontline personnel, among others, to identify, intervene, and assist survivors of HT. Yet, there is scant research among public health students and practitioners about their awareness, knowledge, and self-efficacy in addressing HT. Training the future public health workforce is essential for addressing this problem. This cross-sectional mixed-methods study collected data utilizing a 33-item survey among current graduate students (N = 85) of public health enrolled at a U.S. Northeastern University. The primary aim of this study was to assess public health graduate level students’ awareness, knowledge, and self-efficacy regarding HT intervention. A secondary aim was to gather students' recommendations for curricula development purposes. Statistical analyses included univariate and binary analysis of quantitative data and a thematic two-step coding process for the analysis of the qualitative data.. Findings revealed study participants had a strong awareness of HT, but a low level of knowledge and self-efficacy in identifying and assisting victims. Most study participants desired to integrate HT-related training into current courses. Results may be used to inform the development of curricula at higher level education and public health institutions.