Low Levels Of Personal Accomplishment Research Articles

Contribution of Gender, Marital Status, and Age to English Language Teachers’ Burnout

Teaching is a stressful job and can lead to teachers’ burnout. Teachers feel burned out when they experience high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization but low levels of personal accomplishment (Maslach, 1999). A wealth of research is available on this subject but the findings are inconsistent. The present study surveyed the level of burnout among a randomly selected group of English language teachers (n = 315) in Malaysia . It also investigated whether these teachers’ gender, age and marital status could significantly contribute to their burnout levels. Maslach’s Burnout Inventory (Maslach & Jackson, 1986) was used to collect the data. According to the results, the teachers suffered from significantly high levels of burnout in reference to their PA scores. In comparison with the male teachers, female teachers reported significantly higher levels of burnout considering their emotional exhaustion ( p = .008), depersonalization ( p = .002) and personal accomplishment ( p = .000). Additionally, older teachers (aged ≤ 40 ) were significantly more burned out than their younger colleagues (aged ≥ 30 ), regarding their depersonalization ( p = .001) and personal achievement ( p = .000) mean scores. Finally, married teachers indicated significantly higher levels of burnout compared with those who were not married. The study is expected to have useful implications for teachers, administrators, and researchers.

Coping as a predictor of burnout and general health in therapists working in ABA schools

Background: Little is known about the work-related well-being of applied behaviour analysis (ABA) therapists who work in school-based contexts and deliver ABA interventions to children with autism. Methods: A questionnaire on work-related stress (burnout), general distress, perceived supervisor support and coping was completed by 45 ABA therapists across six schools in the UK. Results: Around 42% of ABA therapists reported low levels of personal accomplishment at work, 13% reported high levels of emotional exhaustion and 40% met criteria for experiencing high levels of general distress. Wishful thinking coping was predictive of higher emotional exhaustion burnout and depersonalisation, and lower personal accomplishment. Conclusions: Given that a wishful thinking approach to coping may contribute to experiencing stress at work, it is important to consider support interventions for ABA therapists that may enhance their well-being. Mindfulness and acceptance-based strategies in particular may be relevant to the support of ABA therapist well-being.

Stress, satisfaction and burnout amongst Australian and New Zealand radiation oncologists.

The aim of this study was to determine the self-reported prevalence of stress, job satisfaction and burnout among radiation oncologists in Australia and New Zealand. A secondary aim was to determine the association between stress and satisfaction parameters with burnout. An anonymous online survey was distributed to all radiation oncologists listed on Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists membership database. There were 37 Likert scale questions on stress, 17 Likert scale questions on job satisfaction and burnout assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). A principal component analysis was done for stress and satisfaction to identify specific areas. Independent samples t-tests and analysis of variances were done. There were 220 responses out of 348 eligible respondents (63.2% response rate).For stress, a principal component analysis identified five areas: delivery demands, demands on time, continuing professional development (CPD), value and security, and interpersonal/teaching demands. Specialist radiation oncologists were more stressed by value and security than generalists (P < 0.01). Lung cancer specialists had higher levels of stress associated with delivery demands, demands on time and CPD compared with others (P = 0.01). Those over 60 years were less stressed by delivery demands (P = 0.02), demands on time (P = 0.01) and CPD (P = 0.01) than their younger colleagues. Four satisfaction factors were identified in the principal component analysis: resources/remuneration, status/security, delivery of services and professional activities. [Correction added on 15 August 2014, after first online publication: stress/security was replaced with status/security.] Males and Australian radiation oncologists were more satisfied with professional activities (P = 0.02). Brachytherapy specialists were more satisfied with status/security (P = 0.01) while those interested in urology were more satisfied with resources/renumeration (P = 0.01) and professional activities (P = 0.01). The burnout results revealed at least 48.5% of respondents scoring highly in at least one of the three measures of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment) while 37.5% scoring highly in the emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation subscales. Public sector radiation oncologists had higher levels of emotional exhaustion and lower levels of personal accomplishment than their private sector counterparts, while those interested in lung cancer had higher levels of emotional exhaustion. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the stress subscale demands on time had a significant effect on emotional exhaustion. Higher CPD stress and interpersonal/teaching demands increased the feeling of depersonalisation, while satisfaction with delivery of services was associated with lower levels of depersonalisation and higher levels of personal accomplishment. This first study of stress, satisfaction and burnout among radiation oncologists in Australia and New Zealand had a reasonable response rate and identified specific areas of stress and satisfaction. Nearly half of the respondents scored highly in one burnout subscale. Some of the stress and satisfaction subscales correlated with certain aspects of burnout. Further research will be undertaken to refine the stress and satisfaction parameters and address burnout interventions.

Behaviour and burnout in medical students

BackgroundBurnout is prevalent in doctors and can impact on job dissatisfaction and patient care. In medical students, burnout is associated with poorer self-rated health; however, it is unclear what factors influence its development. This study investigated whether health behaviours predict burnout in medical students.MethodsMedical students (n=356) at the Universities of St Andrews and Manchester completed an online questionnaire assessing: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP), personal accomplishment (PA), alcohol use, physical activity, diet, and smoking.ResultsApproximately 55% (54.8%) of students reported high levels of EE, 34% reported high levels of DP, and 46.6% reported low levels of PA. Linear regression analysis revealed that year of study, physical activity, and smoking status significantly predicted EE whilst gender, year of study, and institution significantly predicted DP. PA was significantly predicted by alcohol binge score, year of study, gender, and physical activity.ConclusionsBurnout is present in undergraduate medical students in the United Kingdom, and health behaviours, particularly physical activity, predict components of burnout. Gender, year of study, and institution also appear to influence the prevalence of burnout. Encouraging medical students to make healthier lifestyle choices early in their medical training may reduce the likelihood of the development of burnout.

Nationwide Survey of Work Environment, Work-Life Balance and Burnout among Psychiatrists in Japan

BackgroundPsychiatry has been consistently shown to be a profession characterised by ‘high-burnout’; however, no nationwide surveys on this topic have been conducted in Japan.AimsThe objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of burnout and to ascertain the relationship between work environment satisfaction, work-life balance satisfaction and burnout among psychiatrists working in medical schools in Japan.MethodWe mailed anonymous questionnaires to all 80 psychiatry departments in medical schools throughout Japan. Work-life satisfaction, work-environment satisfaction and social support assessments, as well as the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), were used.ResultsSixty psychiatric departments (75.0%) responded, and 704 psychiatrists provided answers to the assessments and MBI. Half of the respondents (n = 311, 46.0%) experienced difficulty with their work-life balance. Based on the responses to the MBI, 21.0% of the respondents had a high level of emotional exhaustion, 12.0% had a high level of depersonalisation, and 72.0% had a low level of personal accomplishment. Receiving little support, experiencing difficulty with work-life balance, and having less work-environment satisfaction were significantly associated with higher emotional exhaustion. A higher number of nights worked per month was significantly associated with higher depersonalisation.ConclusionsA low level of personal accomplishment was quite prevalent among Japanese psychiatrists compared with the results of previous studies. Poor work-life balance was related to burnout, and social support was noted to mitigate the impact of burnout.

Burnout in healthcare professionals working with patients with disorders of consciousness

Healthcare and social professionals working with patients with chronic diseases such as disorders of consciousness (DOCs) are at risk for developing burnout, a stress-induced occupational syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate burnout among professionals working with patients with DOCs in post-acute and long-term care institutions. Healthcare and social professionals were enrolled in 78 Italian institutions and completed the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which investigates emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA). 1149 questionnaires were returned. Respondents showed statistically lower level of burnout in EE, DP and PA compared to normative data of Italian healthcare practitioners (p< 0.001) and 41.7% showed high scores in at least one subscale. Working hours per week correlated positively with EE (r=0.150, p<0.001) and negatively with PA (r= -0.111, p=0.005). Mann-Whitney U and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess differences between groups. Nurses reported statistically significant higher levels of DP and lower levels of PA compared to other professionals. Professionals working with patients with DOCs complained moderate to low levels of burnout. A better understanding of the components of occupational stress may allow the development of a targeted strategy to prevent negative outcomes, enhance well-being of professionals who suffered burnout and, in turn, improve quality of life of patients.

Maintaining professionalism in the face of burnout

‘We found that, regardless of their experiences of depersonalisation, doctors were able to maintain a sufficient level of professionalism so that their patients (and the external observers) were unable to detect any effects on their consulting skills.’ 1 This recent study by Orton et al found that 46% of UK GPs reported emotional exhaustion, 42% reported depersonalisation, and 34% reported low levels of personal accomplishment.1 This debate and analysis will focus on what professionalism means with regard to wellbeing and burnout. Some suggestions will be made about how this issue could be tackled within the GP profession. Becoming a full member of a profession is a hard-won achievement, bringing high expectations from everyone including the person themselves. Being professional implies high-quality work and an impeccable ethical standard. It implies calm expertise where the professional person is in control of both the situation and their own emotions. It implies that the client, patient, or customer can trust that these high standards will be met at all times, and won’t usually see the personal experience of the professional person. Does it also imply that the professional person: Professionalism can mean a form of institutionalised perfectionism. Professional codes of conduct state the highest aims and standards, and strive for excellence in all respects. No one would expect anything less. For individuals, however, a perfectionist outlook can be linked to depression and burnout, and ironically, can be instrumental in leading to lower productivity and poorer performance.2 The three elements of …

Comparison and Literature Review of Occupational Stress in a Palliative Radiotherapy Clinic's Interprofessional Team, the Radiation Therapists, and the Nurses at an Academic Cancer Centre

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the predisposing factors for occupational stress within the Rapid Response Radiotherapy Program (RRRP), radiation therapists (RTs), and registered nurses (RNs) at the Odette Cancer Centre (OCC). Materials and MethodsAll RRRP team members (n = 15, including radiation oncologists, residents, and students), RTs (n = 130), and ambulatory care nurses (n = 80) at the OCC were asked to complete a demographics form on professional background and three validated surveys designed to evaluate stress. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to assess burnout in the workplace through assessment of personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization; the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) assessed psychological morbidity; and the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) assessed compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout. Univariate general linear regression was used to determine significant demographic predictors for occupational stress, and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare stress among the three groups. ResultsThe overall response rate was 28%: 80% for RRRP, 20% for RTs, and 31% for RNs. Females were more likely to report greater personal accomplishment (P = .0393). Being younger (P = .0041), male (P = .0056), having less professional experience (P = .008), and being in the RRRP (P = .0019) was associated with greater depersonalization. Greater self-reported spirituality was predictive of higher compassion satisfaction (P = .0064); those reporting no or lower spirituality experienced higher levels of burnout (P = .0053). Higher GHQ-12 scores (greater stress) were reported by participants that spend more of their work time with palliative patients, and lower GHQ-12 scores (less stress) was reported in participants that participated in stress-relieving activities. A significant difference between groups was only seen in the MBI scale assessing depersonalization (P = .0077), with the RRRP experiencing greater depersonalization. For burnout subscales, 59.0% (RNs), 40.0% (RRRP), and 58.3% (RTs) reported low levels of personal accomplishment; 50% (RNs), 20% (RRRP), and 25% (RTs) reported high levels of emotional exhaustion; and 86.3% (RNs), 53.3% (RRRP), and 66.7% (RTs) reported low levels of depersonalization. ConclusionGreater psychological stress was seen in respondents that worked primarily with palliative patients. Individuals that identified themselves as being spiritual had higher professional satisfaction with work, whereas a detached response to professional practice was associated with being younger, male, having less work experience, and being a member of the RRRP team. Future initiatives should place emphasis on promoting stress-relieving activities, the necessity for stress management courses, and the overall importance of increasing awareness of the potential signs and causes of occupational stress.

Depersonalised doctors: a cross-sectional study of 564 doctors, 760 consultations and 1876 patient reports in UK general practice

ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to assess burnout in a sample of general practitioners (GPs), to determine factors associated with depersonalisation and to investigate its impact on doctors' consultations...

Risks of being an anaesthesiologist

Risks of being an anaesthesiologist

Job conditions, unmet expectations, and burnout in public child welfare workers: How different from other social workers?

The purpose of this research is to compare public child welfare workers' perception of job conditions, unmet expectations, and burnout to those of social workers in other settings. Using data from a sample of 408 social workers identified from a cross-sectional random survey of California registered social workers, a series of ANOVA and multiple regression analysis was performed. Results of ANOVA revealed that public child welfare workers experienced higher workloads, greater role conflict, and depersonalization, and had lower personal accomplishment. However, they had similar levels of unmet expectations and emotional exhaustion as other social workers. Adjusted for perceived job conditions and demographic characteristics, regression analyses revealed that public child welfare workers had significantly higher levels of depersonalization than those of private child welfare workers. Finally, workers in public settings exhibited significantly lower levels of personal accomplishment than social workers in private settings did, regardless of their practice field. Implications for organizational practices and future research are discussed.

Comparing burnout levels experienced by therapists working in a mental health organization versus therapists working in private practice

AbstractThis article examines the burnout phenomenon as experienced by therapists working in a mental health organization versus therapists working in private practice. The hypothesis is that therapists working in a mental health organization experience significantly more burnout symptoms than do therapists working in private practice settings. The article discusses the factors that appear to lead to burnout and looks at how organizations can help their employees provide better care to clients. The results of the study examined here indicate that therapists working in mental health organizations experience higher levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and lower levels of personal accomplishment than therapists working in private practice.

Frontline Grief

This study describes the impact of multiple deaths on nursing staff who work exclusively with palliative care patients in the community and identifies the types of workplace support required after the death of a patient. A self-report questionnaire was mailed to community palliative care nursing staff (n = 101). Fifty-nine questionnaires were returned (58% response rate). Requesting workplace support following the death of a patient was associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion (P =.001) and depersonalization (P =.04). Registered nurses with less than 10 years community care experience reported higher levels of depersonalization (P =.01) and lower levels of personal accomplishment (P =.03). A reported lack of training in grief responses was associated with depression (P =.02), guilt (P =.03), and physical distress (P =.02). Peer debriefing was identified as the most appropriate workplace support; however, most respondents reported they lacked debriefing skills, and this was associated with lower levels of personal accomplishment (P =.01). Staff working in this community palliative care service were not adversely affected by the deaths of their patients. It appears that training in grief responses is psychologically protective. Key recommendations for workplace support include training in debriefing, communication skills around death and dying, grief responses, and access to workplace-based complementary therapies.

Burnout Among Psychiatrists in Milan: A Multicenter Survey

Burnout Among Psychiatrists in Milan: A Multicenter Survey

Associations Among Therapist Beliefs, Personal Resources and Burnout in Clinical Psychologists

AbstractThere were two aims of the research with 190 Australian clinical psychologists: (1) to investigate the construct validity of the Therapist Belief Scale (TBS), and (2) to examine the relative contribution of demographics, workplace variables, and individual factors to burnout. Construct validity was examined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and associations between the variables. Multivariate regressions were used to examine the relative contributions to burnout. The TBS showed three factors related to distress, inflexibility, and control, all of which were significantly associated with lower levels of personal accomplishment. Multivariate analyses showed emotional exhaustion to be associated being a woman, working for the government, having less personal resources, and endorsing more therapist beliefs related to control. Higher levels of personal accomplishment were significantly associated with a lower annual income, not having a mixed caseload, having more personal resources, and endorsing lower levels of therapist beliefs related to inflexibility and control.

EMOTIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME: EFFECT ON CLINICAL INERTIA AND MEDICAL PRACTICE STEREOTYPES

Aim. To estimate the prevalence of burnout in primary care physicians and its influence on medical practice stereotypes and on clinical inertia. Material and Methods. The anonymous single-stage poll was carried out among 184 primary care physicians. The questionnaire included information about sex, age, period and conditions of work, established stereotypes of practices. Burnout was evaluated by Russian analog of Maslach Burnout Inventory. It was defined in high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and low level of personal accomplishment 11 questions were developed to reveal of suboptimal medical practice (for example, “I do not discuss treatment options with patient and do not give full answers to his questions” or “I make diagnostic and treatment errors despite of my professional knowledge and inexperience”). Results. The burnout syndrome (or extreme grade of emotional burnout) occurs in 13,1% and high level of emotional burnout – in 49,7% of primary care physicians. Features of suboptimal medical practice are usually found in 24,2% of primary care physicians at least monthly. It expresses more often in improper attitude to paqtients and their problems associated with a disease. Thus, burnout contributes to improper attitude to patients. Professional burnout affects established work stereotypes and can promote development of physician’s clinical inertia. Conclusion. As the burnout is common among primary care physicians, an adequate monitoring and prevention of this state is necessary in medical labour management.

Relation between burnout syndrome and job satisfaction among mental health workers.

To identify predictors of burnout syndrome, such as job satisfaction and manifestations of occupational stress, in mental health workers. The study included a snowball sample of 174 mental health workers in Croatia. The following measurement instruments were used: Maslach Burnout Inventory, Manifestations of Occupational Stress Survey, and Job Satisfaction Survey. We correlated dimensions of burnout syndrome with job satisfaction and manifestations of occupational stress dimensions. We also performed multiple regression analysis using three dimensions of burnout syndrome--emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that pay and rewards satisfaction (beta=-0.37), work climate (beta=-0.18), advancement opportunities (beta=0.17), the degree of psychological (beta=0.41), and physical manifestations of occupational stress (beta=0.29) were significant predictors of emotional exhaustion (R=0.76; F=30.02; P<0.001). The frequency of negative emotional and behavioral reactions toward patients and colleagues (beta=0.48), psychological (beta=0.27) and physical manifestations of occupational stress (beta=0.24), and pay and rewards satisfaction (beta=0.22) were significant predictors of depersonalization (R=0.57; F=13,01; P<0.001). Satisfaction with the work climate (beta=-0.20) was a significant predictor of lower levels of personal accomplishment (R=0.20; F=5.06; P<0.005). Mental health workers exhibited a moderate degree of burnout syndrome, but there were no significant differences regarding their occupation. Generally, both dimensions of job satisfaction and manifestations of occupational stress proved to be relevant predictors of burnout syndrome.

Job Satisfaction, Stress and Burnout in Anaesthetic Technicians in New Zealand

Anaesthetic technicians play a key role in the operating room, yet little is known about their levels of job satisfaction or workplace stress. A blinded, confidential single mail-out survey was posted to anaesthetic technicians in New Zealand. The survey consisted of demographic information, a job satisfaction survey, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Short Form 12. At total of 154 forms were returned (51% response rate). Respondents worked predominantly in public hospitals and many had duties outside the operating room. Job satisfaction was related to teamwork, practical nature of work and patient contact, while dissatisfaction was related to lack of respect from nurses and limited career pathway. High to moderate levels of emotional exhaustion (48%), depersonalisation (39%) and low levels of personal accomplishment (58%) were indicators of burnout. The Short Form 12 revealed high levels of physical impairment in 24% and emotional impairment in 35% of respondents. These data suggest that work is needed to evaluate anaesthetic assistants' job structure and actively manage their important physical and emotional sequelae.

Haemato-oncology and burnout: an Italian survey

This cross-sectional survey aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and estimated psychiatric disorders among haemato-oncology healthcare professionals in Italy. The aspects of work that respondents perceive as stressful and satisfying have also been examined. The assessments were made using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), General Health Questionnaire and a study-specific questionnaire. Logistic regression models were applied to show associations between different sources of work-related stress and burnout. Three hundred and eighty-seven out of 440 (87.95%) returned their questionnaires. The scores on MBI subscales indicate a high level of emotional exhaustion in 32.2% of the physicians and 31.9% of the nurses; a high level of Depersonalisation in 29.8 and 23.6%, respectively; and a low level of personal accomplishment in 12.4 and 15.3% respectively. The estimated prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 36.4% in physicians and 28.8% in nurses. Statistical analysis confirmed age, sex, personal dissatisfaction, physical tiredness and working with demanding patients to be associated with burnout. In conclusion, haemato-oncology healthcare professionals report a level of burnout and estimated psychiatric morbidity comparable to other oncological areas. Knowledge of the mechanisms of burnout and preventing and dealing with them is therefore a fundamental requirement for the improvement of quality in health services and job satisfaction.

Challenges, Needs, Rewards, and Psychological Well-Being of Multiple Sclerosis Support-Group Facilitators

Support groups are an important resource for people living with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, little is known about the effect of leadership on support-group facilitators, despite their importance in producing positive group-member outcomes. The current study assessed the needs, challenges, rewards, and psychological well-being of 61 MS support-group facilitators (56% response rate), with purpose-designed and standardized measures. On the whole, participants did not display significant difficulty with group leadership, had good psychological well-being, and found their work highly rewarding. However, one third of leaders reported a lower level of personal accomplishment, which is suggestive of burnout. Leadership training, resources, and support were identified as the main areas of concern. Significant predictors of a higher number of challenges among MS facilitators included being male, not receiving formal supervision, and spending more time running MS group meetings per week. Further investigation of MS support-group facilitators who display lower levels of personal accomplishment and those who have decided not to continue in their role is required to elucidate the predictors of group dissipation and support/training needs of group facilitators.