Low Level Of Emotional Intelligence Research Articles

Moderating Effect of Emotional Intelligence on the Relationship between Rumination and Anxiety

This study examined the relations among rumination, emotional intelligence,and anxiety, particularly focusing on whether emotional intelligence moderated the association between rumination and anxiety. A total of 439undergraduates completed the instruments measuring rumination, emotional intelligence, and anxiety. Results of the hierarchical regression analysis indicated that emotionalintelligence moderated the association between rumination and anxiety. When participants reported a low level of emotional intelligence, those with higherrumination reported greateranxiety. However, the impact of rumination on anxiety was not significant in the group with high emotional intelligence. The foremost finding of this study is that emotional intelligence could serve as a protective factor in the path from rumination to anxiety.

Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy as Determinants of Ethical Work Behaviour of Artisan in Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria

This study investigated the role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on ethical work behavior of artisan in Maiduguri, capital of Borno State Northeast Nigeria. The study adopted behavioural theory of obedience as its main theoretical framework. Expos facto survey design was adopted for the study. Two hundred and eight-two (282) participants were selected accidentally for the study. Results revealed that artisans who reported with high emotional intelligence were significantly different in the level of ethical work behaviour compared to those who reported low level of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence does not significantly predict ethical work behavior of artisan and self-efficacy significantly predict ethical work behavior of artisans. However, it shows that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy jointly predict ethical work behavior of artisan. There was no any significant main and interaction effect of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on ethical work behaviour among artisans in Maiduguri. Female artisans significantly reported higher scores on ethical work behaviour scale than male artisans. The study however recommended that management of the organization should send their employees (artisans) on sponsored training programme of the organisation which focused on enhancing their ethical work behavior.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 188-192

Emotional intelligence moderates perceived stress and suicidal ideation among depressed adolescent inpatients

Because it remains one of the third leading causes of death among adolescents around the world, suicide is a major public health concern. This study was designed in response to this concern by examining the relationships among perceived stress, emotional intelligence, and suicidal ideation and to test the moderating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation. A sample of depressed adolescents (n=202) was recruited from five hospitals in Tehran, Iran, and then asked to complete measures of patient health, suicidal ideation, perceived stress, and emotional intelligence. Structural Equation Modeling showed that depressed adolescent in-patients with high levels of perceived stress and low levels of emotional intelligence were more likely to report suicidal ideation. Multi-group analysis indicated that depressed in-patients high in both perceived stress and emotional intelligence had less suicidal ideation than others. The findings support the notion that perceived stress acts as a vulnerability factor that increase suicidal ideation among depressed inpatients. Suicidal history moderated the relationship between emotional intelligence and suicidal ideation. These findings also highlight the importance of emotional intelligence as a buffer in the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation.

Social Competence and Child-to-Parent Violence: Analyzing the Role of the Emotional Intelligence, Social Attitudes, and Personal Values

This study examined some variables of the so-called social competence, such as the emotional intelligence, social attitudes, and personal values in adolescents who had committed a parent-abuse offense, analyzing whether there were some differences with respect to non-offender adolescents. The sample included 60 participants. From them, 30 were adolescents who had been charged with committing a parent-abuse offense and 30 were non-offender adolescents. Results revealed that parent-abuse offenders showed lower levels of emotional intelligence, more antisocial and less prosocial attitudes than non-offender adolescents, as well as higher scores in hedonism and power values.

Trait psychopathy, emotional intelligence, and criminal thinking: Predicting illegal behavior among college students

Research focusing on individuals high on trait psychopathy remains limited. Higher trait psychopathy is associated with lower levels of emotional intelligence and increased participation in illegal behavior. Additionally, research has confirmed significantly higher levels of criminal thinking and lower levels of empathy in the incarcerated psychopathic population. However, the relationships between trait psychopathy and criminal thinking have not been researched in the community or college population. To test for such differences, questionnaires containing relevant measures were administered to 111 college students. Results indicated that higher levels of trait psychopathy were significantly related to less caring for others, intrapersonal understanding, and general mood, and greater interpersonal functioning and stress management. Furthermore, trait psychopathy was a strong predictor of violent, property, drug, and status offenses. Power-oriented criminal thinking was also predictive of violent behaviors, and entitlement predicted property offending. Results suggest emotional intelligence is important for predicting psychopathy, and trait psychopathy is a strong predictor of all types of illegal behaviors among the non-incarcerated population.

Emotional intelligence as a mediator between rumination and suicidal ideation among depressed inpatients: The moderating role of suicidal history

Suicide is a substantial public health problem, and it remains a serious cause of death in the world. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the relationships between brooding, reflection, emotional intelligence (assessed by performance-based test), and suicidal ideation; the mediation role of emotional intelligence on the relationships between brooding and reflection with suicidal ideation; and the moderating role of suicidal history on the relationships between brooding, reflection, and emotional intelligence with suicidal ideation among Iranian depressed adolescents. The study consisted of a cross-sectional sample of 202 depressed adolescent inpatients from five public hospitals in Tehran, Iran completed measures of depression, rumination, emotional intelligence, and suicide attempt history as indices of suicidal ideation. Structural Equation Modelling estimated that depressed adolescent inpatients with high levels of brooding and reflective rumination, and low levels of emotional intelligence were more likely to report suicidal ideation. Moreover, emotional intelligence partially mediated the relationships between brooding and reflective rumination with suicidal ideation. Suicidal history moderated the relationships between brooding, reflection, and emotional intelligence with suicidal ideation. These findings reinforce the importance of emotional intelligence as an influencing factor against the deleterious effects of rumination styles and suicidal ideation. The results indicate that brooding and reflection have detrimental effects on suicidal ideation in depressed inpatients.

The relation between emotional intelligence and criminal behavior: A study among convicted criminals.

Background:Lack of emotional intelligence (EI) may lead to maladjustment and inability to achieve desired goals. A relationship between low levels of EI and crime has been proposed.Aim:The aim was to assess the relationship between EI and criminal behavior.Materials and Methods:Study sample consisted of 202 subjects, in whom 101 subjects were convicted offenders, and 101 were matched normal controls. Offender group comprised of individuals convicted for different crimes such as murder, rape, and robbery, selected from Birsa Munda Central Jail, Hotwar, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India based on purposive sampling. Sample of the normal control group was taken from Ranchi and nearby areas. All subjects gave informed consent for participating in the study. Both the groups were matched on age, gender, education, occupation, and marital status. All participants were assessed on General Health Questionnaire-12 and Mangal Emotional Intelligence Inventory (MEII). The results were analyzed using statistical package SPSS-version 20.Results:The group of convicted offenders obtained significantly lower scores on all the domains of MEII such as intrapersonal awareness (own emotions), interpersonal awareness (others emotions), intrapersonal management (own emotions) and interpersonal management (others emotions), and aggregate emotional quotient in comparison to their normal counterparts.Conclusion:The convicted offenders group had significantly lower EI compared to normal subjects. Starting EI enhancement program in prison can help the inmates better understand their feelings and emotions.

Relationship of emotional intelligence with self- esteem among adolescents

Adolescence is a time in which adolescents give way to intense emotional relationships and find self concept and build self esteem. Literature reports that 55%-63% of adolescents are at low level of emotional intelligence which results in low self esteem. The present survey was conducted to assess the relationship between emotional intelligence and self esteem among 200 randomly selected (lottery method) students from six conveniently selected schools of dist. Faridkot, Punjab by using the emotional intelligence scale (EIS), Rosernberg self- esteem rating scale and socio demographic data sheet. Emotional intelligence scores were compared with self esteem scores. The Pearson's product moment correlation, t-test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. The results showed that emotional intelligence and self esteem had significant positive correlation at the level of 0.01. Study concluded that emotionally intelligent adolescents have high self esteem. Adolescents should be early identified early for emotionally immaturity and can be managed with help of school health nurse in school setting by providing different strategies for emotional intelligence and thus enhancing the self esteem.

Emotional intelligence and criminal behavior.

A large body of research links criminality to cognitive intelligence and personality traits. This study examined the link between emotional intelligence (EI) and criminal behavior. One hundred Egyptian adult male offenders who have been sentenced for theft, drug dealing or murder and 100 nonoffenders were administered the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i). The offenders had lower levels of EI than the nonoffenders. In addition, EI varied as a function of the types of offenses. Namely, it decreased in magnitude with crime severity (lowest for murder, higher for drug dealing, and highest for theft). These results converged with the direct/ indirect aggression theory suggesting that indirect aggression requires more social intelligence than physical aggression. Forensic intervention programs should therefore include EI training, especially when violence is involved.

The Relationship among Psychopathy, Emotional Intelligence, and Professional Success in Finance

The current study examined the relationship between psychopathic traits, emotional intelligence, and professional success in finance. The literature suggests that possessing certain psychopathic personality traits and emotional intelligence can be conducive to advancing professionally in the financial sector. It was hypothesized that interpersonal-affective psychopathic traits and emotional intelligence would be associated with one another and would also show positive associations with professional success. Fifty-five individuals employed at financial institutions in the New York metropolitan area completed the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised, the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, and answered questions about their employment and income. The current sample showed significantly higher levels of interpersonal-affective psychopathic traits than those reported in other community samples and significantly lower levels of emotional intelligence than those found in a comparison sample. Although interpersonal-affective psychopathic traits were not significantly related to emotional intelligence, impulsive-behavioral traits were negatively related to emotional intelligence. Interpersonal-affective psychopathic traits were related to higher annual incomes and were predictive of higher corporate ranks.

Analysis of the level of Emotional Intelligence among Executives in the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises

The purpose of this research is to study the level of emotional intelligence among executives in small and medium sized enterprises particularly from the manufacturing sector. SMEs have problems in attracting and retaining their employees. For the purpose of the study, the GENOS Emotional Intelligence questionnaire developed by Palmer and Stough (2001) has been used. A total of 96 employees from different manufacturing sectors took part in the survey. It was found that emotional intelligence did not have a significant relationship with organizational citizenship behaviour. Results from the study show that employees in the SMEs do experience some kind of experiences that affect their working attitudes. The initial study provides many insights especially to the areas where respondents show a low level of emotional intelligence. The low level of emotional intelligence is related to the nature of work involved especially when it involves a high level of stress.

Effects of Dialectical Behavior Therapy(DBT) Skill Training on Emotional Intelligence, Interpersonal Problems, and Mental Health in College Students with Low Levels of Emotional Intelligence

Effects of Dialectical Behavior Therapy(DBT) Skill Training on Emotional Intelligence, Interpersonal Problems, and Mental Health in College Students with Low Levels of Emotional Intelligence

Relationship between occupational stress, emotional intelligence, and self-efficacy among faculty members in faculty of nursing Zagazig University, Egypt

Background/Aim: Different studies, in international context, have linked occupational stress to emotional intelligence or self-efficacy of faculty members. However, investigating the relationship between these three constructs in this context was limited. So, the researchers investigated the relationship between occupational stress, emotional intelligence and self-efficacy among faculty members. Method: The study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University using a descriptive correlational design. A convenience sample of 91 faculty members working in Faculty of Nursing Zagazig University during the academic year 2011-2012 were recruited for the study. Four tools were used for data collection: Questionnaire about demographic data, Emotional Intelligence Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Occupational Stress Scale. Results: The study findings indicate that the majority of faculty members experience a high level of occupational stress, while they have a low level of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. The occupational stress was negatively related with faculty members’ emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. Conclusion and Recommendation: The findings of current study confirm that occupational stress has negative relationships with the faculty members’ emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. Therefore, we suggest that the Faculty of Nursing should keep the stress level of their faculty members lower and help them to stay healthier by holding training courses on emotional intelligence improving their social skills and increase their efficiency at work. Moreover, the perceived self-efficacy can be improved among the faculty members through training programmes and courses this would help the faculty members enhance their stress bearing capacity and also improve their productivity.

Aims and Scope of JIDPS: Understanding, Improving, and Practicing of Design

As it is stated in its Aims and Scope, Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science (JIDPS) publishes research findings covering transdisciplinary notions of design and process with a focus on issues that deal with 1) understanding of design and process crossing boundaries of natural, human, and built environments, 2) principles, methods, and tools, and 3) applications of design and process science to engineering and social problems. The first issue is about the scientific foundation of design, which aims to understand the factors that have significant impact on design; the second issue is about the methodology and methods to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of design activities; and the last one is about the design of things following the guidance from the first two issues. This has formed the framework for the journal’s editorial office to select and organize our publications. This issue of JIDPS includes three papers covering respectively these three aspects. The first paper, titled “The nuances and management of multinational design teams – a Sino and Occidental comparison” by Waal et al., falls under the category of understanding design activities. It aims to identify key issues that affect the success in managing multinational design teams. Through interviewing designers of different nationality and design backgrounds about their experiences, it was found that background (cultural, national and economic) factors can affect how a designer approach a design problem, particularly for framing and goal analysis. These individual background factors determine how a designer may work in a team with designers from another background. This research noted: 1) designers with a low level attitude toward design and a lower level of emotional intelligence tend to be less effective to work in such teams; 2) the introduction of information technology tools may increase the chance of success thanks to the increase of shared understanding of the design; 3) through the standardisation of design practices, background differences would be less significant; and 4) the impact of background differences on design skills and practice does not appear to be permanent. The second paper, titled “A software quality model by using discriminant analysis predictive technique” by Ronchieri et al., falls under the category of methods to improve design effectiveness through enhanced quality and reduced errors. It aims to periodically predict the quality of software code development at any stage and to identify problems of software development at an early phase. In order to achieve this objective, the authors extend a mathematical model that connects software best practices with a set of metrics using a risk-threshold-based discriminant analysis technique. The extended model was tested using the data gathered from several European Middleware Initiative packages, which have different scopes and characteristics. Such a model is highly expected of conceptual design and strategic planning processes.

The Nuances and Management of Multinational Design Teams – a Sino and Occidental Comparison

A number of designers of different nationality and design backgrounds were interviewed about their experiences working in teams made up mostly of designers of either a Sino or occidental background. The aim was to identify key issues that are at play with the management of multinational design teams and how they can best be managed for greater success. Key findings included evidence that background (cultural, national and economic) can affect how a designer approached problems and works. This is especially so with regards to framing and goal analysis. This in turn can affect how successful a designer can be when they are working in a team with designers from another background, who operate differently. Designers with a low level attitude toward design and a lower level of emotional intelligence tend to be less able to work in such teams. However, the chance of success can be increased with the introduction of information technology tools to increase shared cognition and situational awareness. Further, through the use of constraints on design practice via standardisation, differences can cause fewer real issues. Finally, while it was found that background did affect design skill and practice, the evidence also suggests that this is not permanent.

Emotional Competence and Online Game Use in Adolescents

The purpose of this study was to explore the relations between emotional competence and online game use in adolescents. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive survey using a convenience sample. The participants were 2199 adolescents in South Korea. Online game use and emotional competence including positive emotion, emotional expression, and emotional intelligence were measured. The study results indicated that emotional competence was negatively correlated with excessive online game use. All variables of emotional competence were significantly lower in high-risk users compared with general users. In addition, female adolescents were rated significantly higher in emotional competence among general users, but there were no significant gender differences among high-risk users. The results of our study imply that high-risk game users have lower levels of emotional intelligence than general users do. The results of this study suggest that emotion is an important factor to which practitioners in psychomedical fields and nursing should pay attention. Therefore, nurses in schools and communities should regularly screen the emotions of adolescents who habitually play online games and develop a program to enhance emotional competence associated with online games.

Relationship Between Eating-Behavior Disorders and Psychological Parameters in Male First-Year Physical Education Students

This study explores the prevalence of disordered eating attitudes in a sample of male first-year university students engaged in a physical education program and examines the relationships between emotional intelligence, coping, and emotional eating in relation to disordered-eating (DE) attitudes. A total of 140 students completed the following questionnaires: the eating attitudes test, the bar-on emotional intelligence questionnaire, the coping inventory stress scale, and the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire. The number of participants represented 80% of the male students registered in this discipline at the authors' university. Twenty percent of students presented DE attitudes even though they were of normal weight. The bar-on EQ-I results indicated that students with DE attitudes had lower levels of emotional intelligence (EI) scores than students without DE attitudes (control group). Moreover, they scored higher than the control group on coping styles such as avoidance-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping, and emotional eating. The DE group presented a positive correlation between DE attitudes symptoms and both avoidance- and emotion-oriented coping but a negative correlation between DE attitudes and task-oriented coping. There was also a significant negative correlation between DE attitudes and EI score. Another result from this group indicated an association between EI score and emotional-eating score (p < .05, r = -.44) and also a positive correlation between emotion-oriented coping and emotional eating (p < .01, r = .47). The findings highlight future research potential on the role of emotions and EI in DE symptoms, which may be beneficial in the context of collaborative care management intervention.

Selected Cognitive And Emotional Resources Of Untrained Youth And Young Wrestlers

Abstract Introduction. Wrestling is a sport that requires proper physical and mental preparation. The authors present selected psychological resources, emotional intelligence and creative attitude, as factors influencing the broadly defined mastery, both in the area of sport and out of it. These variables guarantee better adaptation to changing conditions and they are also connected with the effectiveness of handling different situations and optimal problem solving. The aim of the study was to diagnose emotional intelligence and creative attitude among young female and male wrestlers. Material and methods. The study included 20 females from the regional team of cadets and juniors and 19 male wrestlers from the sports school. The control group consisted of two deliberately selected groups of untrained students - 20 girls and 19 boys. KANH and INTE questionnaires were used in the study. Results. In the three groups under investigation medium levels of emotional intelligence and creative vs. reproductive attitude were observed. It was only female wrestlers who manifested low levels of emotional intelligence which, similar to the levels of nonconformity, heuristic thinking and creative attitude, were lower than in female students from the control group. The female wrestlers demonstrated higher levels of conformity and reproductive attitude. Female students demonstrated higher levels of emotional intelligence and conformity than male students. No differences between male and female wrestlers were observed. Conclusions. The findings show that it is necessary to conduct longitudinal research on athletes and untrained individuals. Bearing in mind that learning a motoric task depends, inter alia, on intellectual and emotional factors, the authors also recommend another course of research, i.e. the verification of how these variables are related to the effectiveness of learning motoric tasks. The authors' own research results as well as further (planned) investigations will make it possible to profile various educational effects and deliberately strengthen the potential of young wrestlers.

The Influence of Competitive Personality Orientation on Adolescent Emotional Intelligence

Emotional intelligence (EI) is related to life success and everyday social interactions. The extent to which competitive personality orientation (CPO) may influence emotional intelligence among adolescents is unknown. The objective of this investigation was to determine the relationship between adolescent competitive personality orientation and emotional intelligence and if competitive personality orientation predicts emotional intelligence while controlling for demographic variables. Participants were 200 students (91 females, 109 males, M age=17.24 years) from three Midwestern high schools. An inverse relationship was discovered between competitive personality orientation and emotional intelligence. Higher competitiveness was associated with lower levels of EI and this relationship was maintained when demographic variables were statistically controlled. As well, females scored significantly higher for EI and lower for competitive orientation than males. The findings potentially have implications for youth organizations to consider the level of emphasis placed on competitive programming and for including activities whereby youth work cooperatively with each other for promoting EI development.

P03-25 - Emotional intelligence in psychiatry: A review

BackgroundEmotional intelligence is a term coined by Salovey &amp; Mayer and is defined by these authors as a form of social intelligence that involves the ability to perceive and identify emotions, to discriminate among them and to use the information to improve cognitive processes, and manage one's and others’emotions. There are also mixed models of emotional intelligence that imply a broader concept of intelligence, including mental abilities and personality characteristics.AimTo discuss the relevance of emotional intelligence in Psychiatry. To review recent studies of emotional intelligence in psychiatric disorders.MethodsReview of the literature. MEDLINE and PubMed databases searches for peer-reviewed studies, published between 2000 and 2010, using combinations of the Medline Subject Heading terms emotional intelligence, trait emotional intelligence, ability emotional intelligence and psychiatry, mental disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, social phobia, eating disorders.ResultsThere are few studies in the literature addressing this topic. Emotional intelligence is a complex concept, with different theories defending distinct conceptualizations. The studies reviewed showed lower levels of emotional intelligence across different psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsThe field of affective neuroscience is of major importance in Psychiatry and has added important clues to the understanding of psychopathology. Although emotional intelligence is a recent and understudied topic in Psychiatry it can help to understand mental disorders and bring new insights to the comprehension of psychopathology.