Low Socioeconomic Status Families Research Articles

Impact of family socio-economic status on the prognosis of heart transplantation in children

BackgroundLow family socio-economic status is a known factor that can contribute to increased mortality for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, in developing countries, the prognostic impact of socio-economic level on pediatric HTx is unclear.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of children younger than 18 years who underwent heart transplantation (HTx) at our center from October 1, 2005, to May 31, 2023. To assess the impact of socio-economic status, we followed up with the discharged children until September 30, 2023, monitoring for all-cause mortality and unplanned readmission events. To evaluate the relationship between socio-economic status and prognosis, we assigned a composite score based on an assessment of household income, parental education level, and occupation. The Cox proportional hazards model and the Kaplan-Meier method were utilized for this analysis.Results64 children (median age at operation 14 years, IQR 13–15) were enrolled and one case died in hospital due to primary graft dysfunction, 63 (98.4%) children had a median follow-up of 60 months (IQR 5.9-113.9). During the follow-up period, 10 (15.9%) children died, and 20 (31.7%) children had 25 unplanned readmissions. Children had higher all-cause mortality and more unplanned readmissions in families with low socio-economic status (n = 33) than middle (n = 10) or high (n = 20) family socio-economic status. Hazard ratios were 5.99,(95%CI:2.28–10.64, P = 0.003) for all-cause mortality for low versus high family socio-economic status, and 2.53 (95%CI:1.04–9.43, P = 0.029) for middle versus high family socio-economic status.ConclusionsLower family socio-economic status is associated with a worse prognosis than high family socio-economic status. Measures to alleviate economic disparities are needed to improve the prognosis of pediatric HTx.

An Analysis of the Influence of Family Socioeconomic Status on Students' Academic Performance

Socioeconomic status (SES) is widely recognised as an important factor in children's academic performance within academia. Disparities rooted in SES have become more pronounced as social inequities have increased, and parental expectations for academic success have risen. This study aims to elucidate the intricate dynamics that affect student academic success. This study examines the critical role of family SES in contributing to student academic performance and identifies key factors that shape this relationship based on existing literature and research data. The study examines the direct impact of SES on academic performance and the mediating effect of parental educational contributions, demonstrating how parental participation might alleviate the challenges encountered by kids from lower SES families. To address this issue, the government and community can intervene to a certain extent. For educators and legislators to create successful interventions that assist underprivileged kids and advance educational equity, they must have a thorough understanding of these variables.

The impact of socioeconomic status on parental agency in family language policy for English language learning in China

ABSTRACT This study investigates how Chinese parents of different socioeconomic status (SES) exercise their agency in family language policies (FLP) for English language learning amid educational reforms and sociocultural dynamics. Drawing on Spolsky’s language policy framework and Bourdieu’s, concept of capital, this study analysed 40 interviews with parents from different regions of China. The findings reveal that parents’ ideologies, management strategies, and practices in children’s English learning at home vary across SES groups, influenced by differences in access to economic, social, cultural and linguistic capital. High-SES parents perceive English as vital for global opportunities and set ambitious educational goals, employing resource-intensive support to encourage early bilingualism. Conversely, low-SES parents, constrained by limited resources, prioritise English primarily for school success and locally-based careers and employ adaptive strategies. Practices across SES groups vary from immersive activities in high-SES families to more passive exposure and basic academic support in low-SES families. The study demonstrates that SES, mediated by capital, affects parental agency in FLP. By illustrating the disparities across SES groups, this study contributes to a broader discourse in FLP, demonstrating how parents manifest resilience and adaptability in optimising resources for language learning through dynamic interactions with macro- and micro-level contexts.

Associations among social mobility beliefs, academic coping strategies and academic persistence in adolescents with lower family socioeconomic status

Associations among social mobility beliefs, academic coping strategies and academic persistence in adolescents with lower family socioeconomic status

The development of preterm infants from low socio-economic status families: The combined effects of melatonin, autonomic nervous system maturation and psychosocial factors (ProMote): A study protocol.

Preterm births constitute a major public health issue and a chronic, cross-generational condition globally. Psychological and biological factors interact in a way that women from low socio-economic status (SES) are disproportionally affected by preterm delivery and at increased risk for the development of perinatal mental health problems. Low SES constitutes one of the most evident contributors to poor neurodevelopment of preterm infants. Maternal perinatal mental health disorders have persistent effects on behavioral and physiological functioning throughout the lifespan and may even be evident across generations. The overall objective of the proposed longitudinal, multi-disciplinary and multi-method study is to compare the association of psychosocial (maternal mental health, intersubjectivity, attachment, family functioning, dyadic coping and perceived social support), and biological factors (melatonin and heart rate variability) with preterm infants' development at 9 months (corrected age), between low and high SES families. We will collect data from preterm neonates (<37 weeks gestational age) hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology/Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University General Hospital of Heraklion, Greece, and their mothers. Data collection of psychosocial and biological factors will be carried out at birth, and at the corrected age of 6 and 9 months, while preterm infants' cognitive and social development will be assessed at 9 months corrected age. The findings of this study may highlight the need for early interventions for new mothers coming from low SES in order to promote their preterm infants' optimal early neurodevelopment and for community-evidence-based prevention efforts to restrict the cycle of health inequities and intergenerational mental disorders.

The effect of self‐control on impulsive consumption with the moderators of family socioeconomic status and peer feedback

AbstractTo better understand the relationship between self‐control and impulsive consumption in different conditions of family SES and peer feedback among Chinese college students, we conducted longitudinal and experimental studies. In Study 1, a total of 326 participants completed the Chinese Consumer Impulsive Purchase Tendency Scale, the Chinese Self‐Control Scale and two types of family SES indicators. The results indicated that trait self‐control negatively predicts impulsive consumption tendency, with this effect being stronger in high family SES conditions compared to low family SES conditions. In Study 2, we recruited 148 participants who completed the Stroop task, the simulation method of peer feedback, the Impulsive Consumption Tendency Scale and the Impulsive Consumption Behaviour Scale. The findings revealed that the interaction of state self‐control and peer feedback has an impact on impulsive consumption. Specifically, when receiving rational peer feedback, participants with high‐state self‐control (i.e., in non–ego‐depletion condition) exhibited a weaker impulsive consumption tendency than those with low‐state self‐control (i.e., in ego‐depletion condition). Therefore, our study demonstrates the relationship between self‐control and impulsive consumption, as well as the moderative effects of family SES and peer feedback.

Multifaceted determinants of micronutrient status in early childhood in Iran : National food and nutrition surveillance.

This study examined the status and determinants of key micronutrients among 24-60 month children in underprivileged provinces of Iran, highlighting ongoing challenges despite intervention efforts. This study analyzed data from the National Food and Nutrition Surveillance program. A multistage cluster sampling method was used, recruiting 280 children per province from Khuzestan, Kerman, Ilam, Bushehr, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh va Boyerahmad, Sistan va Baluchestan and South Khorasan. Demographic, dietary, and anthropometric data were collected, and micronutrient status was assessed through hemoglobin, serum ferritin, zinc, retinol and 25-hydroxycalciferol assays. This study included 2,247 children (42.2 ± 0.3 months). About 40% of children had low dietary diversity, and 48.4% were from low socioeconomic status (SES) families. Anemia was found in 24% of the children. Vitamin D and A deficiency affected 74%, and 22.3% of children, respectively. Notably, 39.1% had multiple micronutrient deficiencies. Father's occupation (odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval [CI]; freelance vs. employed: 1.86 (1.13, 3.06), worker vs. employed: 2.3 (1.43, 3.69)) and SES (middle vs. high: 2.15 (1.09, 4.2)) were significant predictors of anemia. Urban living and higher paternal education were protective against low ferritin. Children in lower SES categories and those with poor vitamin D status were more likely to have iron (1.53 (1.12, 2.09), p = 0.007) and zinc deficiencies (2.19 (1.46, 3.29) p < 0.001). Vitamin A and D statuses were mainly influenced by SES, food security, and supplement intake, respectively. Our findings revealed high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies among 24-60 month children residing in eight underprivileged provinces of Iran. Parental education, household SES and food security were the main determinants of micronutrient deficiencies among the studied children. Improvement of the households' food access through betterment of economic condition seems inevitable which in turn necessitates an inter-sectorial collaboration.

Latent profile analysis of family and school supports among Chinese adolescents in stepfamilies.

Divorce and remarriage rates have increased dramatically in China, and more children live in stepfamilies. There remain valuable opportunities to understand the various family and school assets that support the well-being of Chinese youth amid family structural transitions, such as the transition to stepfamily life. Using latent profile analysis, the current study seeks to identify patterns of youth support using seven family-related variables and two school-related variables as indicators among a sample of Chinese youth (N = 269; = 14 years; 129 females and 117 males) residing with a parent and stepparent. Four profiles were identified: low support, academic focus/low support, moderate support, and high support. Results further demonstrated that youth in the moderate support profile had significantly better well-being outcomes compared to youth in the low support or academic focus/low support profiles; demographic characteristics such as low SES families and parents with lower education backgrounds were associated with the low support profile; and stepfamilies with stepfathers were overrepresented in the moderate support profile, whereas stepfamilies with stepmothers were overrepresented in the low support and academic focus/low support profiles. These findings can inform the development of interventions intended to bolster the well-being of Chinese adolescents in stepfamilies.

Children's Nutrition, Eating Behavior, and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The purpose of the current review was to detail changes in children's diet, eating behavior, and weight in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Global changes in children's diets and eating behavior occurred during the pandemic. Both undernutrition and obesity were prominent concerns. Obese children and those from low socioeconomic status families were particularly vulnerable. The COVID-19 pandemic increased longstanding global concern about child nutrition, both undernutrition and obesity. The pandemic and extended home confinement were associated with changes in children's food consumption, eating behavior, and ultimately weight. These changes were related to factors beyond food intake itself and included decreased physical activity, altered routines and schedules, sleep behaviors, and social concerns, among others. The findings have implications for both public health and clinical practice.

Family Socioeconomic Status and Neurodevelopment Among Patients With Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries

Data are limited on the longitudinal implications of socioeconomic status (SES) for neurodevelopmental outcomes among persons with complex congenital heart disease (CHD). To examine the association of family SES, maternal educational level, and maternal IQ with the neurodevelopment of individuals with dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) from age 1 to 16 years and to identify how SES-related disparities change with age. This cohort study analyzed data of participants enrolled in the Boston Circulatory Arrest Study, a randomized clinical trial conducted in Boston, Massachusetts, from 1988 to 1992. Participants were infants with d-TGA who underwent arterial switch operation and, after operation, underwent in-person neurodevelopmental status evaluations at ages 1, 4, 8, and 16 years. Analyses were conducted from April 2021 to August 2024. Mean Hollingshead scores at birth, age 1 year, and age 4 years were used to assign participants to SES tertiles (lowest, middle, or highest). Age-appropriate neurodevelopmental outcomes assessed at 4 study time points (ages 1, 4, 8, and 16 years) via in-person administration of a range of well-validated measures. Standardized neurodevelopmental composite scores from each evaluation were derived from principal component analysis and compared across SES tertiles, adjusting for birth and medical characteristics. These scores were used to categorize the sample into latent classes; patient and medical factors for a 3-class model were used to estimate latent class using multinomial regression. The sample included 164 patients with d-TGA (123 males [75%]; mean [SD] gestational age at birth, 39.8 [1.2] weeks; 3 with Asian [2%], 6 with Black [4%], 5 with Hispanic [3%], and 146 with White [89%] race and ethnicity) and their mothers (mean [SD] age at birth, 28.5 [5.2] years). Lower SES tertile was associated with worse scores on most individual neurodevelopmental tests and worse neurodevelopmental composite scores at ages 4, 8, and 16 years. For example, mean (SD) neurodevelopmental composite scores at age 4 years were -0.49 [0.83] for lowest, 0.00 [0.81] for middle, and 0.47 [1.10] for highest SES tertile (F2 = 15.5; P < .001). When measured at consecutive time points, differences between SES tertiles were of similar magnitude. A latent class analysis produced 2- and 3-class models representing patients with stable (103 [64%] and 85 [53%]), improving (20 [13%]), and declining (57 [36%] and 55 [34%]) neurodevelopmental status. Those experiencing declines in neurodevelopmental status were more likely to have younger maternal age at childbirth (26.6 [5.1] vs 29.6 [4.9] and 29.1 [5.1] years; P = .002), lower maternal IQ (91.0 [14.1] vs 100.1 [11.1] and 96.2 [11.0]; P < .001), and lower SES (35.2 [10.8] vs 40.9 [9.9] and 35.8 [10.1]; P = .003) compared with those with stable or improving status. This cohort study of individuals with d-TGA found an association between lower family SES and worse neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood and continuing throughout adolescence as well as greater decline in neurodevelopmental status over time. Effective strategies are needed to improve access to neurodevelopmental monitoring and intervention services for children with CHD from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Independent contributions of nuclear and extended families to risk of early childhood caries among children from low socio-economic status in India.

The family is a fundamental unit of society and provides care to the needs of its members. This study aims to assess the independent contributions of nuclear and extended families through direct and indirect pathways towards the risk of early childhood caries among 5-year-old children from low socio-economic status families in Central India. Cross-sectional study with two-stage sampling of 313 randomly selected school children. The American Association of Pediatric Dentistry criteria were used for diagnosing early childhood caries (ECC) and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). It was hypothesised that the type of family would impact ECC and S-ECC by acting on individual-level variables such as frequency of cleaning teeth, dietary patterns, and utilisation of dental services. Examiner-administered interviews collected information about demographic details and oral hygiene practices. Generalized structural equation modelling (GSEM) examined the relationship between exogenous variables, including nuclear and extended families with ECC and SECC. Path coefficients and the standard error with a 95% confidence interval were reported. ECC and SECC were present among 186 (59.4%) and 47 (15%) children. Nuclear families, more frequent between meal sugar consumption and lower utilization of dental care were associated with ECC (odds ratios of 2.43, 2.78, and 8.65, respectively (p⟨ 0.001)). Nuclear families were also associated with SECC. Type of family directly (p⟨ 0.001) and indirectly (p⟨ 0.05) predicted ECC via three or more times sugar consumption and lower utilization of dental services. Nuclear families were associated with ECC and SECC among children. Health professionals need to understand the influence of the type of family and the associated pathway to tackle and reduce the burden of ECC.

Effectiveness of interventions on improving early-life dental care utilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Although early-life dental care is crucial for preventing early childhood caries and has numerous benefits, the utilization rate of such care remains remarkably low worldwide, especially in families of low socioeconomic status. The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific evidence relating to the effectiveness of interventions on improving early-life dental care utilization of very young children. Scientific evidence relating to these positive changes was reviewed, with seven randomized controlled trials after qualitative evaluation. Interventions assessed included prenatal oral health promotion, motivational interviewing, intra-oral camera use alongside social work consultations to aid in decreasing barriers to care, monetary incentives for tooth brushing, fluoride varnish applications, and probiotic usage. The intervention was significantly effective in reducing the incidence of dental caries among children, especially in caries risk. Caries reduction was significant when oral health information was provided at frequent intervals prenatally. Caries increment was also reduced when probiotics were introduced when administered daily. Interventions that attempted to increase parental involvement in oral health care by increasing motivation and decreasing barriers had inconclusive results within the study groups. Considering high rates of early childhood caries, early establishment and preservation of a dental home should be a focus in public health measures. Continuous monitoring and parental involvement are key components to maintaining healthy oral conditions. Future studies could explore and test various innovative strategies that utilize technological platforms to engage with parents and promote early-life dental care utilization among the underserved population.

Adaptive educational expectations: How do parental educational expectations respond to child academic performance in various family contexts?

Parental educational expectations are well-studied in sociology of education and social stratification and mobility, but most literature conceptualizes these expectations as static or considers how they change only at key educational junctures such as educational transitions. Whether parental educational expectations adapt to child academic performance more generally, and what might be the key theoretical components in adaptation, are not well-conceptualized or tested. To address these limitations, we posit and test the concept of adaptive educational expectations. Our concept encompasses three key propositions: adaptability – parental expectations adapt to child academic performance; relative responsiveness – the adaptive response of parental expectations to child performance is larger in magnitude than the responsiveness of child performance to parental expectations; and heterogeneity – the adaptability of parental expectations varies across family contexts. We test the concept using the case of China, the largest education system in the world, with analyses of longitudinal data from the China Education Panel Survey. Findings show that parental expectations are more adaptive to child performance in low-SES families than in high-SES families and in rural areas than in nonrural areas, but there is no difference in adaptability by child gender and sibship size. These findings indicate that the adaptation of educational expectations is more shaped by socioeconomic circumstances than family demographics. Furthermore, the use of this concept reveals a hidden form of educational inequality that prior literature often neglects: compared with high-SES parents, low-SES parents not only hold lower educational expectations but are more likely to decrease their expectations when child academic performance declines, which further reduces their educational involvement. These findings illustrate the relevance of all three features of the adaptive educational expectations concept.

A Feasibility Study of a Music Enrichment Program on Relative Reinforcing Value of Food and Home Environmental Enrichment among Families of Low Socioeconomic Status.

Emerging evidence suggests that low socioeconomic status (SES) home environments may play a role by promoting excess energy intake through a lack of access to non-food reinforcers. Because of the deleterious effects of SES-related disparities on child health and development, feasible and culturally acceptable interventions are urgently needed. Community-based music enrichment programs may be an ideal intervention strategy. In collaboration with a local non-profit organization and music studio, we conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of a music enrichment program versus a play date control in a group of 9-24-month-old healthy infants (N = 16). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05868811). Overall, we found some intervention effects on the relative reinforcing value of food (RRVfood) and the home environmental enrichment measures (i.e., increased music use at home and the home language environment). Our intervention demonstrated large effects on the increased use of music at home. We did not find significant group differences in the RRVfood and home language environment, but some of the effect sizes were medium-to-large. Results also suggest that our intervention is feasible and acceptable. Parent feedback indicated that the intervention was well-liked and that the steps we took to help reduce barriers worked. Music enrichment programs may be a high-impact, low-cost strategy to address socioeconomic disparities.

Elucidating disparities in sunscreen coverage among state Medicaid preferred drug lists.

Regular application of over-the-counter (OTC) sunscreen is considered the foundation of skin cancer prevention, yet OTC sunscreen is not eligible for reimbursement in almost all state Medicaid benefit plans. On review of 111 Medicaid preferred drug lists (PDLs) across 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC), only five plans were identified that incorporate coverage of sunscreen. Thus, many recipients of Medicaid, the majority of whom are individuals and families of lower socioeconomic status, may encounter financial difficulty and thus forego utilizing sun protective measures due to financial constraints. Here, we compare current Medicaid coverage of OTC sunscreen and discuss calculated and theoretical annual costs of this skin cancer prevention method.

Which Factors Predict L2 Receptive Vocabulary and Expressive Syntax in Bilingual Children from Low-SES Families?

The objective of the current study was two-fold. First, it aimed to estimate receptive vocabulary and expressive syntax skills in L2 Italian among early sequential/simultaneous bilingual children of migrant single-mother families with very low socioeconomic status (SES). This objective was achieved by matching the participants' performance with normative data. Secondly, this study aimed to identify which individual and language exposure factors contributed to learning L2 vocabulary and syntax. Twenty-four early sequential/simultaneous bilingual children (age range = 5.10-12.4 years) and their mothers were enrolled. Mothers answered questions about linguistic biography and demographic information. Children completed Lexical Comprehension, Sentence Repetition, and Non-Word Repetition tasks from the Language Assessment Battery for 4-12-year-olds to, respectively, assess receptive vocabulary, expressive syntax, and phonological processing. Moreover, non-verbal intellectual functioning was evaluated by the Raven's Test. Compared to normative data, 20 children showed lower receptive vocabulary abilities (<-1.5 SD), 24 lower expressive syntax skills (-2DS), and 7 children lower phonological processing (<-1.5 DS). Moreover, L2 phonological processing and the length of L2 exposure in an educational context positively predicted L2 receptive vocabulary as well as L2 expressive syntax skills. To date, performance in L2 among early sequential/simultaneous bilingual children from migrant households and very low SES remains underexplored. Future efforts need to be directed towards the understanding of factors that impact oral competence in L2, considering that these children will also be exposed to written L2 in the school context.

Associations between shared book reading, daily screen time and infants’ vocabulary size

Abstract In the current pre-registered study, we examined the associations between shared book reading, daily screen time, and vocabulary size in 1,442 12- and 24-month-old Norwegian infants. Our results demonstrate a positive association between shared reading and vocabulary in both age groups, and a negative association between screen time and vocabulary in 24-month-olds. Exploratory analyses revealed that the positive relationship between shared reading and expressive vocabulary in 12-month-olds was stronger in lower SES groups, suggesting that shared reading may act as a compensatory mechanism attenuating potentially impoverished learning environment and parent-infant interactions in low-SES families.

Economic mobility and parents’ opportunity hoarding

Creating opportunities for people to achieve socioeconomic mobility is a widely shared societal goal. Paradoxically, however, achieving this goal can pose a threat to high-socioeconomic-status (SES) people as they look to maintain their privileged positions in society for both them and their children. Two studies evaluate whether this threat manifests as "opportunity hoarding" in which high-SES parents adopt attitudes and behaviors aimed at shoring up their families' access to valuable educational and economic resources. The current paper provides converging evidence for this hypothesis across two studies conducted with 2,557 American parents. An initial correlational study demonstrated that believing that socioeconomic mobility is possible was associated with high-SES parents being more inclined to attempt to secure valuable educational and economic resources for their children, even when doing so came at the cost of low-SES families. Specifically, high-SES parents with stronger beliefs in socioeconomic mobility exhibited decreased support for redistributive policies and viewed engaging in discrete behaviors that would unfairly advantage their children (e.g., allowing them to misrepresent their identities on school and job applications) as more acceptable relative to both low-SES parents with similar beliefs and high-SES parents who were less optimistic about socioeconomic mobility. A subsequent experimental study established these relationships causally by comparing parents' responses to different types of socioeconomic mobility. Together, the current findings merge insights across psychology and economics to deepen understandings of the processes through which societal inequities emerge and persist, especially during times of apparently abundant opportunity.

Moderators of movement behaviour changes among Canadian toddlers and preschoolers throughout the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Primary objectives were to examine: (1) changes in movement behaviours (i.e., outdoor play (OP), organized physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), sleep) across the first 2 years of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) among Canadian toddlers and preschoolers, and (2) intrapersonal, interpersonal, community, and policy moderators of change in movement behaviors. Participants were 341 Canadian parents of children (start of study: 1-4 years; 48% female). Participants completed online questionnaires regarding their children's movement behaviours and intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community factors at five time-points before and throughout the pandemic (T1-T5). Data from government websites were also used for some community and policy factors. Linear mixed models were conducted. Compared to pre-COVID-19 (T1): OP was on average 30 min/day higher at T2 and T3; organized PA was on average 62, 44, and 37 min/day lower at T2, T3, and T4, respectively; ST was on average 67, 17, 38, and 52 min/day higher at T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively; and sleep was on average 30, 36, and 82 min/day lower at T3, T4, and T5, respectively. Significant moderating variables were observed for OP (parental education, parental work inside home, COVID-19 restriction severity), organized PA (children's sex, started kindergarten, nonparental care, parental education, household income, parental employment status, house type, indoor home space and support for PA), ST (nonparental care, parental marital status) and sleep (children's T1 age group, started kindergarten, parental place of birth, parental employment status). All movement behaviors changed across the first 2 years of COVID-19 but patterns and moderators were behaviour-specific. Children from lower socioeconomic status families had the least optimal patterns.

Could a Growth Mindset Attenuate the Link Between Family Socioeconomic Status and Depressive Symptoms? Evidence from Chinese Adolescents.

The alleviating effects of a growth mindset on depression are promising. However, whether a growth mindset can attenuate the effect of low family socioeconomic status (SES) on depressive symptoms among adolescents remains unknown. Based on the Family Stress Model, the current study explores whether a growth mindset could moderate the associations between family SES, interparental conflict, and adolescent depressive symptoms. The participants were 1572 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 13.35 years, SD = 1.16, 51.84% female). They completed the family SES questionnaire, Children's Perceptions of Interparental Conflict scale, Growth Mindset scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. We tested the moderation, mediation, and moderated mediation models using the SPSS macro program PROCESS. A growth mindset moderated the association between family SES and depressive symptoms. Family SES was significantly related to depressive symptoms in adolescents with a lower growth mindset, but not in those with a higher growth mindset. After incorporating the mediating effect of interparental conflict, the growth mindset did not exert a significant moderating influence on the direct path; however, it significantly moderated the mediating effect of interparental conflict on depressive symptoms. Specifically, while a lower growth mindset in adolescents was associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms due to interparental conflict, those with a higher growth mindset showed a less pronounced effect. A growth mindset attenuates the link between family SES and depressive symptoms among adolescents. These findings highlight the benefits of a growth mindset on mental health, especially for low-SES adolescents.