Abstract This correlational study examined perceived personal growth among couples who recently became grandparents, investigating its association with attachment style, self-differentiation, and the perceived growth of the spouse. In addition, the background variables of age, education, and physical health were examined. The sample consisted of 206 Israeli couples who were approached six to 24 months after the birth of their first grandchild. The results showed that grandmothers reported higher growth than grandfathers. Lower education, lower attachment anxiety, and higher perceived growth of the spouse were associated with the perceived growth of both men and women, in the regression analysis. Older age and lower physical health, along with higher self-differentiation among less educated women, were also found to be connected to the perceived personal growth of grandmothers. Furthermore, higher avoidant attachment was associated with less growth among healthier grandparents and with more perceived growth among less healthy grandfathers. Hence, both the individual's internal resources and his or her partner's perception of growth were associated with self-reported growth in the transition to grandparenthood. The study not only sheds further light on the potential for growth inherent in the transition to grandparenthood, but also provides the first indications of associations related to sharing this experience with a spouse. KEY WORDS: couples; growth; transition to grandparenthood The transition to grandparenthood is considered a major life event (Taubman--Ben-Ari, Ben Shlomo, & Findler, 2012) and is generally perceived as a positive experience (Sands, Goldberg-Glen, & Thornton, 2005). Grandparenthood may offer a sense of completion and a sense of satisfaction or provide an opportunity to reflect on one's influence across generations (Ashford, LeCroy, & Lortie, 2006). Such benefits notwithstanding, this life transition may also exact certain costs, including anxieties, feelings of incompetence, and burden (Findler, Taubman--Ben-Ari, NuttmanShwartz, & Lazar, 2010), which, in turn, may generate stress. Indeed, grandparenting has been associated with increased stress (Musil & Ahmad, 2002), and studies have found that one major risk factor for psychological distress in later life is the decline in physical health (for example, Cummings, Neff, & Husaini, 2003); another risk factor is the elderly person's social status, thus, their own perception of their position in the social hierarchy (Demakakos, Nazroo, Breeze, & Marmot, 2008). In addition, becoming a grandparent is symbolically associated with old age, regardless of a person's chronological age or vitality, and this, too, may engender stress (Gauthier, 2002). In other words, inherent in the transition to grandparenthood is the potential to experience both positive and negative emotions and cognitions. In the wake of the 21st century, there has been a growing tendency to focus on individuals' strengths and resources rather than on distress, depressive symptoms, and other pathologies following life transitions (Linley, 2003). Theory and research have highlighted the potential benefits of challenging life events, stressing that the need to adapt to demanding circumstances may also engender personal growth (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004). Although most of this literature deals with traumatic life events, growth need not be related exclusively to dire experiences; it may follow on any challenge to core beliefs and the resulting reexamination of existing ways of thinking (Tedeschi, Calhoun, & Cann, 2007). Recognizing this possibility, recent studies have exan-tined growth in the wake of more mundane events, such as a romantic breakup (Tashiro & Frazier, 2003), academic studies (Anderson, Walter, & Lopez-Baez, 2008), and the transitions to parenthood (Sawyer & Ayers, 2009; Spielman & Taubman--Ben-Aft, 2009; Taubman Ben-Ari, Ben Shlomo, Sivan, 8: Dolizki, 2009; Taubman--Ben-AM, Findler, 86 Kuint, 2010) and grandmotherhood (Ben Shlomo, Taubman--BenAM, Findler, Sivan, & Dolizki, 2010; Taubman Ben-AM et al. …