Low-temperature Resistivity Research Articles

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals POD as an Important Indicator for Assessing Low-Temperature Tolerance in Maize Radicles during Germination.

Low-temperature stress (TS) limits maize (Zea mays L.) seed germination and agricultural production. Exposure to TS during germination inhibits radicle growth, triggering seedling emergence disorders. Here, we aimed to analyse the changes in gene expression in the radicles of maize seeds under TS by comparing Demeiya1 (DMY1) and Zhengdan958 (ZD958) (the main Northeast China cultivars) and exposing them to two temperatures: 15 °C (control) and 5 °C (TS). TS markedly decreased radicle growth as well as fresh and dry weights while increasing proline and malondialdehyde contents in both test varieties. Under TS treatment, the expression levels of 5301 and 4894 genes were significantly different in the radicles of DMY1 and ZD958, respectively, and 3005 differentially expressed genes coexisted in the radicles of both varieties. The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was implicated within the response to TS in maize radicles, and peroxidase may be an important indicator for assessing low-temperature tolerance during maize germination. Peroxidase-encoding genes could be important candidate genes for promoting low-temperature resistance in maize germinating radicles. We believe that this study enhances the knowledge of mechanisms of response and adaptation of the maize seed germination process to TS and provides a theoretical basis for efficiently assessing maize seed low-temperature tolerance and improving maize adversity germination performance.

Effect of cold stress on photosynthetic physiological characteristics and molecular mechanism analysis in cold-resistant cotton (ZM36) seedlings.

Low temperature and cold damage seriously hinder the growth, development, and morphogenesis of cotton seedlings. However, the response mechanism of cotton seedlings under cold stress still lacks research. In this study, transcriptome sequencing, gas exchange parameters, and rapid chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were analyzed in leaves of cold-tolerant upland cotton variety "ZM36" under different temperature stress [25°C (T25, CK), 15°C (T15), 10°C (T10), and 4°C (T4)]. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), PSII potential maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and performance index (PIabs) of cotton leaves significantly decreased, and the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and Fo/Fm significantly increased under cold stress. The transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that a total of 13,183 DEGs were involved in the response of cotton seedlings at each temperature point (T25, T15, T10, and T4), mainly involving five metabolic pathways-the phosphatidylinositol signaling system, photosynthesis, photosynthesis antenna protein, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, and carotenoid synthesis. The 1,119 transcription factors were discovered among all the DEGs. These transcription factors involve 59 families, of which 15.8% of genes in the NAC family are upregulated. Through network regulatory analysis, the five candidate genes GhUVR8 (GH_A05G3668), GhPLATZ (GH_A09G2161), GhFAD4-1 (GH_A01G0758), GhNFYA1 (GH_A02G1336), and GhFAD4-2 (GH_D01G0766) were identified in response to cold stress. Furthermore, suppressing the expression level of GhPLATZ by virus-induced gene silencing led to the reduction of low temperature resistance, implying GhPLATZ as a positive regulator of low temperature tolerance. The findings of the study revealed a piece of the complex response mechanism of the cold-tolerant variety "ZM36" to different cold stresses and excavated key candidate genes for low temperature response, which provided support for accelerating the selection and breeding of cotton varieties with low temperature tolerance.

Preparation and Properties of Epoxy Adhesives with Fast Curing at Room Temperature and Low-Temperature Resistance.

Developing a highly efficient multifunctional epoxy adhesive is still an enormous challenge, which can rapidly cure at room temperature and has excellent low-temperature resistance performance and is crucial for the epoxy adhesive and electrical sealing fields during severe cold seasons. Herein, diglycidyl phthalate (DP) was synthesized with phthalic anhydride (PA) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) to enhance the curing rate and low-temperature resistance of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) adhesive. The modified DP/DGEBA adhesives were systematically analyzed by gel time, mechanical properties, and aging resistance (time, temperature, and dry/wet treatment). The results showed that DP with highly active ester groups significantly accelerates the curing speed of DP/DGEBA. DP's rigid aromatic ring-benzene ring and flexible group-ester group gave the adhesive better low-temperature resistance. When the addition of DP was 10 wt % (based on the mass of DGEBA), the gel time of DP/DGEBA epoxy adhesives was reduced by 58 min compared to unmodified DGEBA epoxy adhesive, and after aging at low temperature (-20 °C) for 7 days, the tensile shear strengths of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and aluminum plate increased by 76.2 and 80.6%, respectively. The results of non-isothermal curing kinetics and dynamic mechanical analysis suggested that when the amount of DP was 10 wt %, the reaction activation energy of DP/DGEBA epoxy adhesive decreased by 4.0%, and the cross-linking density increased by 8.9%. Moreover, the toughness of the modified adhesive was also improved. This study opens up a feasible way for the development of a low temperature-resistant epoxy adhesive cured rapidly at room temperature in practical application.

Performance evaluation of SBS-modified asphalt mixtures incorporating waste tire rubber and HDPE

Based on the functional complementarity of waste tire rubber (WTR) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in asphalt, this study presents a novel approach that simultaneously utilizes WTR and HDPE for modification and substitution of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified asphalt. Through experiments on three major indicators, the dosage ratios of the three polymers are scientifically designed using the response surface methodology, and four different ratios of SBS-HDPE-WTR are selected to prepare modified asphalt mixtures. Performance evaluations are conducted on various pavement properties, including high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, water stability, fatigue resistance, and aging resistance, by comparing them to the reference 4% SBS-modified asphalt mixture. The results demonstrate that the addition of WTR significantly improves the elastic properties and fatigue resistance of the mixture, while the addition of HDPE enhances its high-temperature stability and aging resistance. The SBS-HDPE-WTR asphalt mixtures, designed with appropriate ratios, exhibit superior high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, and fatigue resistance. Therefore, the use of these waste materials in asphalt mixtures offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for the construction industry.

Feasibility Analysis of Resource Application of Dry Flue Gas Desulfurization Ash in Asphalt Pavement Materials

To verify the feasibility of applying dry flue gas desulfurization ash (DFGDA) to asphalt pavement materials, the asphalt mastic (filler and asphalt composition) prepared by adding different proportions of DFGDA and LSP (limestone powder) into 70# matrix asphalt was studied experimentally. The asphalt mastics were subjected to the penetration test, the softening point test, and the ductility test. Moreover, the rheological properties of asphalt mastic were evaluated with dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. An interaction ability index C-value based on the Palierne model was proposed to evaluate the interaction ability between DFGDA and asphalt. The influence of DFGDA asphalt on the interaction ability of matrix asphalt was observed and evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that with the increasing proportion of DFGDA, the penetration of asphalt mastic gradually decreased, the softening point increased, and the ductility slightly decreased. At the same temperature, the dynamic shear modulus G* of the asphalt mortar significantly increased with increasing DFGDA content. The incorporation of DFGDA negatively affected the low-temperature plastic deformation resistance of asphalt, but the impact was weakened with the growing DFGDA amount and the powder mastic ratio. The combination mode of DFGDA and matrix asphalt depends on the physical blending, and their interaction ability mainly depends on the miscibility between DFGDA and matrix asphalt. In conclusion, DFGDA can be utilized as a novel filler in asphalt pavement materials.

Dielectric probing of low-temperature degradation resistance of commercial zirconia bio-ceramics

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of the stability of oxygen vacancies on the low-temperature degradation (LTD) resistance of two kinds of commercial zirconia-based materials (3Y-TZP ceramics and Ce-TZP/Al2O3 composites) via the dielectric probing methods. MethodsThe commercial 3Y-TZP ceramics and Ce-TZP/Al2O3 composites were prepared via conventional solid-state methods. Density, phase content, microstructure, strain, and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of two materials were investigated using Archimedes method, XRD, SEM, strain-electric field (S-E) loops and ball-on-ring methods, respectively. The concentration of oxygen vacancies before and after LTD of two materials were evaluated using dielectric probing and XPS methods. ResultsThe XRD analysis revealed that compared to the 3Y-TZP ceramics, the Ce-TZP/Al2O3 composites showed better LTD resistance, without clear LTD. The greater LTD resistance for Ce-TZP/Al2O3 composites was associated with their stability of oxygen vacancies, by higher activation energy based on the dielectric measurements and XPS results. For the 3Y-TZP ceramics that underwent the tetragonal to the monoclinic phase transition during the LTD treatment, the concentration of their oxygen vacancies decreased after LTD. In addition, the Ce-TZP/Al2O3 composites exhibited higher flexural strength and potential fracture toughness based on the BFS testing and strain vs electric field measurement results, indicating a great potential for use in fixed restorative dental applications. SignificanceThis work suggested the stability of oxygen vacancies played a key role in the resistance to LTD. Optimizing the stability of the oxygen vacancies is key to the development of more reliable zirconia- based dental biomaterials with greater resistance to LTD.

Preparation and performance research of ecological concrete using waste wood

To mitigate environmental damage from mineral aggregate extraction, bio-based materials have garnered research interest as potential replacements for natural mineral aggregates. This work utilized waste wood as filler to prepare lightweight foam concrete with thermal insulation, low-temperature and corrosion resistance properties. The feasibility of using wood aggregate-based foam concrete (WFC) was explored in terms of dry density, softening coefficient, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, chloride ion permeability, freezing resistance, and sulfate attack resistance. Results showed that simultaneous addition of waste wood aggregate (WA) and foam effectively reduced WFC bulk weight and thermal conductivity while enhancing water resistance. However, the porous morphology of WA and foam caused the reduction of mechanical properties. In terms of durability, the addition of WA can increase the energy absorption capacity when WFC is subjected to expansion stress, reduce the damage to the structure, and have an inhibiting effect on the cracking of WFC caused by sulfate attack and freeze-thaw cycles. Nevertheless, WA's high water absorption loosened the matrix in WFC's interfacial transition zone (ITZ), increasing harmful pores and negatively affecting durability. In addition, in order to predict the mechanical properties of WFC and the resistance to sulfate attack, this study established a function model for the relationship between the compressive strength (Maintenance specimens of the same age and Specimen of sulfate attack) and the WA dosage. In conclusion, The use of waste wood for the preparation of WFC is more advantageous and sustainable than conventional foam concrete for the insulation of precast walls and coastal structures.

Influence of cationic vacancy diffusion on the aging behavior of low-temperature SrCo1-xRuxO3 thermosensitive ceramics

The thermosensitive ceramics of negative temperature coefficient (NTC), SrCo1-xRuxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8), were synthesized using the solid-phase method. The research systematically explored the phase structure, microstructure, elemental chemical states, electrical properties, and aging performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data indicates that with the increase of Ru content, the lattice parameter increases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveal a dense and uniform microstructure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data indicates the presence of Co2+/Co3+ and Ru4+/Ru5+ ion pairs. Resistive temperature data indicates its potential use as a low-temperature thermosensitive resistance material in the range of 2–300 K. Fitting the resistance-temperature curve using the thermally activated band conduction model and Mott's 3D variable range hopping model. Proposed the Ru–O2--Co hopping model, elucidating the hole hopping transport mechanism in NTC ceramics. Impedance spectroscopy analysis indicates that grain boundary resistance dominates the overall resistance of the sample. After aging at 77 K for 864 h, the maximum aging drift rate of the ceramic material is 1.55 %. Proposed a novel cationic vacancy diffusion model to explain aging phenomena, offering a new perspective for designing high-stability low-temperature NTC thermistors.

Astaxanthin supplementation enhances low-temperature stress tolerance, immune-related genes, and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Whiteleg Shrimp Penaeus vannamei

Astaxanthin supplementation enhances low-temperature stress tolerance, immune-related genes, and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Whiteleg Shrimp Penaeus vannamei

A self-healing and recyclable carrageenan based gel based on multi-dynamic interactions for multifunctional sensor

Preparation of high performance and recyclable gels remain a challenge. In this study, a zwitterionic ion poly-[2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (PDMAPS) network was constructed in renewable polysaccharide carrageenan to obtain CMM gel. The multiple reversible cross-linking network in CMM gel was engineered by molecular-level multi-dynamic interactions including hydrogen bonds among the molecular chains, two-dimensional MXene and tannic acid (TA), as well as electrostatic interaction. CMM gels exhibited enhanced mechanical strain, low-temperature resistance, self-healing performance (∼95 %), recyclable property, and antibacterial ability. CMM gel can be directly served as a strain sensor with short responsive time to accurately discern subtle and macro bodily motions, handwriting and personal physiological state, even after self-healing and recycling. Additionally, CMM gel can be used as solid electrolyte with polyaniline(PANI) on both sides to obtain sandwich structure CMM-PANI gel, which can be fabricated as all-solid state capacitor with high area specific capacitance of 478 mF/cm2 at 2 mA/cm2. Furthermore, a self-powered sensing device was assembled by the combination of the CMM gel and the capacitor, which demonstrates the sensing performance on various physical activities. This study gives an essential strategy for designing and fabricating self-healing and recyclable gels, and opens up new avenues for the practical application of gels.

Rheological Properties of Silica-Fume-Modified Bioasphalt and Road Performance of Mixtures.

The objective of this research is to enhance the high-temperature antirutting and antiaging characteristics of bioasphalt. In this study, silica fume (SF) was selected to modify bioasphalt. The dosage of bio-oil in bioasphalt was 5%, and the dosage of SF was 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of bioasphalt. The high- and low-temperature characteristics, aging resistance, and temperature sensitivity of Bio + SF were evaluated by temperature sweep (TS), the multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test, the bending beam rheology (BBR) test, and the viscosity test. Meanwhile, the road behavior of the Bio + SF mixture was evaluated using the rutting test, low-temperature bending beam test, freeze-thaw splitting test, and fatigue test. The experimental results showed that the dosage of SF could enhance the high-temperature rutting resistance, aging resistance, and temperature stability of bioasphalt. The higher the dosage of SF, the more significant the enhancement effect. However, incorporating SF weakened bioasphalt's low-temperature cracking resistance properties. When the SF dosage was less than 8%, the low-temperature cracking resistance of Bio + SF was still superior to that of matrix asphalt. Compared with matrix asphalt mixtures, the dynamic stability, destructive strain, freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio, and fatigue life of 5%Bio + 8%SF mixtures increased by 38.4%, 49.1%, 5.9%, and 68.9%, respectively. This study demonstrates that the development of SF-modified bioasphalt could meet the technical requirements of highway engineering. Using SF and bio-oil could decrease the consumption of natural resources and positively reduce environmental pollution.

Research on the Mechanical, Thermal and Induction Healing Properties of Asphalt Wearing Course with Steel Fibers.

Induction healing technology can effectively repair microcracks in asphalt mixtures and is a promising maintenance technology for asphalt pavements. However, it requires the addition of steel wool fibers to asphalt mixtures and cannot be directly used to repair existing pavements. In order to improve the practicality of the induction healing technology, this article designs a wearing course asphalt mixture with induction healing function that is going to be paved above the existing road surface. The AC-10 asphalt wearing course for induction heating was prepared by adding steel fiber (SF). Analysis of the overall temperature of the surface revealed the unevenness of the temperature distribution, and the healing properties were investigated through protective heating that controlled the maximum temperature of the upper surface. The results show that the addition of SF can improve the high-temperature stability, low-temperature and intermediate-temperature crack resistance, and moisture stability of asphalt wearing courses; however, it has adverse effects on volumetric performance and skid resistance. The heating temperature increases with the increase in SF content, but higher maximum temperature heating rate causes worse heating uniformity and lower healing effect. The maximum heating rate of the sample with 10% SF reaches 3.92 °C/s, while its heating rate at minimum temperature is similar to that of the sample with 6% SF, which is only 0.7 °C/s, indicating the worst heating uniformity. The best healing effect occurs when the maximum temperature of the upper surface reaches 160 °C. The recommended optimal SF content is 6% of the asphalt volume. The asphalt mixture with 6% SF has an appropriate volume performance, moisture stability, and skid resistance; additionally, it has the best high-temperature stability, as well as low-temperature and intermediate-temperature crack resistance. Meanwhile, it also has uniform temperature distribution and efficient healing efficiency.

Automating the determination of low-temperature fracture resistance curves of normal and rubberized asphalt concrete in single-edge notched beam tests using convolutional neural networks

As materials undergo large-scale yielding or exhibit large sizes of fracture process zone in the crack tip region, multi-parameter fracture concepts should be employed to describe the complex crack-tip stress-strain fields. Fracture resistance curves (R-curves) are an established tool in characterizing the entire fracture process of such materials. However, for complex materials such as bituminous mixtures, the development of these curves is subject to experimental and computational intricacies. In this research, a framework is developed to automate the construction of R-curves for normal and rubberized asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures. AC mixtures are produced using PG58–22 and PG58–28 binders. Limestone and siliceous aggregates are used, and three binder contents are considered for the mixtures. Single-edge notched beam (SE(B)) fracture testing is conducted on AC beams with two different notch patterns. A convolutional neural network (CNN) model is developed and trained over 1260 test images with varying temperatures, notch geometries, and setups. The CNN model was used to detect the growing crack on the beam surface and each crack-detected image was sent to an image processing framework to measure the crack length. Crack extension increments were calculated and synchronized with test time and magnitude of load, load-line displacement, and cumulative fracture energy, and the R-curve could be constructed. A training accuracy of 0.91 was obtained for the model and a loss of below 0.10 as a result of a hyperparameter tuning indicating reliable classifications by the CNN architecture. The R-curves showed desirable agreement for control mixtures at temperatures of 0 °C and −15 °C. As the mixtures are rubberized, the R-curves showed favorable agreement in the crack blunting phase, transition zone, as well as the unstable propagation phase at −20 °C. Cohesive energy magnitudes were compared for the two methods with a Pearson coefficient of 0.81 while fracture rate and fracture energy magnitudes showed favorably close magnitudes with coefficients of 0.89 and 0.98 respectively.

Fluorination Modification of Methyl Vinyl Silicone Rubber and Its Compatibilization Effect on Fluorine/Silicone Rubber Composites.

Among numerous rubbers, high-performance rubber composites can be obtained by mixing fluororubber (FKM) with excellent oil resistance and silicone rubber (SiR) with excellent low-temperature resistance. While the difference in polarity between these two kinds of rubbers leads to a reduction in the properties of the composites. To solve the compatibility problem between the two-phase interfaces in FKM/SiR composites, in this research, fluorinated silicone rubbers (MVQ-g-PFDT) of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (MVQ) grafted with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanethiol (PFDT) were prepared via a facile and efficient thiol-ene click reaction, which was then added into FKM/SiR composites. The results showed that the fluorine-containing side chains could effectively inhibit the low-temperature crystallization phenomenon of silicone rubber and further broaden its application ranges in low-temperature environments. The properties of FKM/SiR composites with the addition of MVQ-g-PFDT were significantly improved, with the highest tensile strength of 14.1 MPa and the lowest mass change rate of 6.71% after 48h immersion at 200 °C in IRM903 oil. Additionally, the hydroxyl groups between the fluorine-containing side chains of MVQ-g-PFDT and the surface of silica facilitate the enhancement of the uniform dispersion of fillers. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization results showed a distinct enhancement of the compatibility between the two phases of FKM and SiR. This work would provide further insight into efforts to improve compatibility between rubbers with widely different polarities.

Low-temperature crack resistance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures under chloride salt dry-wet cycles

Given the current insufficient understanding of the low-temperature crack resistance performance and crack evolution patterns of asphalt mixtures under chlorinated salt wet-dry coupling environments, this study aims to fill this knowledge gap. We employed SMA-13 asphalt mixtures modified with different dosages of polyester fibers (0 %, 0.3 %, 0.35 %, 0.4 %, 0.45 %, 0.5 %) and tested their low-temperature crack resistance by conducting 0 to 8 wet-dry cycles in pure water and a 13.25 % chlorinated salt solution, to explore the improvement effect of polyester fibers on the performance of asphalt mixtures in such environments. The results indicate that an increase in the number of wet-dry cycles leads to a degradation of crack resistance performance across all fiber dosages, especially under the influence of chlorinated salt wet-dry coupling, where the adverse effects are more pronounced. Fracture energy analysis further confirms that 4 and 6 cycles of wet-dry cycling are effective indicators for evaluating the attenuation of low-temperature crack resistance under the long-term impact of wet-dry cycling. Through Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses, this study reveals the significant impact of wet-dry cycling on crack evolution and identifies 0.4 % as the optimal dosage of polyester fibers, significantly enhancing the low-temperature crack resistance performance of asphalt mixtures.

Research Progress of Carbon-Silicone Composite Materials

Silicone is a kind of polymer material with high cross-linked structure, which is composed by Si-O-Si main chain. Due to the special molecular chain structure, silicone materials are characterized by oxidation resistance, aging resistance, high and low temperature resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. Moreover, silicone materials have processable properties, simple forming process, good mechanical property, non-toxic and pollution-free. Therefore, silicone has been widely concerned by researchers at home and abroad. In this paper, the main research progress and application directions of carbon-silicone composite at home and abroad in recent years are reviewed.

Evaluation of the effect of different preparation processes on the road performance of thermoplastic resin modified porous asphalt mixtures

In order to evaluate the effects of three preparation processes, namely dry process (DP), wet process (WP) and wet/dry mixing process (MP), and resin high viscosity modifier (RHVM) on the road performance of porous asphalt mixtures, the frequency scanning, multi-stress creep recovery, and bending beam rheometer tests were used to analyze the rheological performance of resin-modified high viscosity asphalt under different processes. Uniaxial compression, Wheel tracking, Semi-circular bending and Freeze-thaw indirect tensile tests were used to test the properties of resin-modified porous asphalt mixtures under different processes. The commonly used TAFPACK-Super (TPS) modifier was a control group. Finally, the changes in the microscopic morphology characteristics and chemical composition were used to illustrate the enhancement mechanism of resin modifiers. The results showed that the high-temperature deformation resistance and low-temperature cracking resistance of RHVM modified asphalt prepared by DP and MP are weaker than that of the WP. Compared to the RHVM(WP), the Jnr(3.2) of RHVM(DP) and RHVM(WP) decreased by 14.3% and 63.8%, the strength modulus of RHVM(DP) and RHVM(MP) increased by 21.5%, 28.0% and the creep rate decreased by 2.37%, 4.45%, respectively. As for the performance of asphalt mixture, compared to the RHVM(WP) asphalt mixture, the dynamic stability of RHVM asphalt mixture prepared by the DP and MP decreased by 17.3–18.2%, σs and εs of RHVM(DP) and RHVM(MP) increased by 15–35% and 21–29%, respectively. The water stability of RHVM(DP) asphalt mixtures was better than that of RHVM(WP) when the mixing time reached 180 s. RHVM(WP) asphalt mixtures have superior low-temperature cracking resistance, comparable water stability, and slightly poorer high-temperature stability than that of TPS(WP) asphalt mixture. Microscopic morphology observation found that some modifier particles and asphalt binder did not realize effective mixing under the DP and MP, and infrared spectroscopy results confirmed that TPS modifiers are mainly physically co-mingled with asphalt, while the tackifier resin in the RHVM reacts with the asphalt to form new functional groups to increase the viscosity of the asphalt.

Evaluation of Cracking Resistance of SMA-13 Hot Recycling Asphalt Mixtures Reinforced by Basalt Fiber.

In the context of green and low-carbon development, energy saving, and emission reduction, hot recycling technology (RT) has been researched, which is divided into hot central plant RT and hot in-place RT. However, due to the aged asphalt binders, the shortcomings of hot recycled asphalt mixtures have become apparent, as in comparison to new asphalt mixtures, their resistance to cracking was inferior and the cracking resistance deteriorated more rapidly. Therefore, it was very necessary to focus on the improvement of crack resistance of hot recycled asphalt mixtures. Basalt fiber has been proved to be able to effectively improve the comprehensive road performance of new asphalt mixtures. Therefore, this paper introduced basalt fiber to hot central plant recycled and hot in-place recycled asphalt mixtures, in order to improve the crack resistance of asphalt as a new type of fiber stabilizer. Firstly, six types of SMA-13 fiber asphalt mixtures were designed and prepared, i.e., hot mixtures with basalt fiber or lignin fiber, hot central plant recycled mixtures with basalt fiber or lignin fiber, and hot in-place recycled mixtures with basalt fiber or lignin fiber. Secondly, the trabecular bending test, low-temperature creep test, semi-circular bending test, and IDEAL-CT were used to comparatively study the changing patterns of low and intermediate temperature cracking resistance of hot recycled mixtures with conventional lignin fibers or basalt fibers. Finally, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation of the different cracking resistance indicators. The results show that the low and intermediate temperature cracking resistance of hot central plant recycled mixtures increased by 45.6% (dissipative energy ratio, Wd/Ws) and 74.8% (flexibility index, FI), respectively. And the corresponding cracking resistance of hot in-place recycled mixture increased by 105.4% (Wd/Ws) and 55.7% (FI). The trabecular bending test was more suitable for testing the low-temperature cracking resistance of hot recycled asphalt mixtures, while the IDEAL-CT was more suitable for testing the intermediate-temperature cracking resistance. The results can provide useful references for the utilization of basalt fiber in the hot recycling of SMA-13 asphalt mixtures.

Characteristics Analysis of IGZO TFT and Logic Unit in the Temperature Range of 8–475 K

The effect of high- and low-temperature conditions on the performance of IGZO TFT and logic circuits were investigated in this work. In the temperature range of 250−350 K, the performance of the IGZO TFT did not show significant changes and exhibited a certain degree of high- and low-temperature resistance. When the temperature was below 250 K, as the temperature decreased, the threshold voltage (VTH) of the IGZO TFT significantly increased, the field effect mobility (μFE) and the on state current (ION) significantly decreased. This is attributed to the lower excitation degree of charge carriers at extremely low temperatures, resulting in fewer charge carriers transitioning to the conduction or valence bands, and the formation of defects also limits carrier migration. When the temperature exceeded 350 K, as the temperature increased, more electrons could escape from the bandgap trap state and become free charge carriers, and the IGZO layer was thermally excited to produce more oxygen vacancies, resulting in higher μFE and lower VTH. In addition, the drain current noise spectral density of IGZO TFT conformed to the 1/ƒ noise characteristic, and the degradation mechanism of IGZO TFT over a wide temperature range was confirmed based on the changes in noise spectral density at different temperatures. In addition, an inverter logic unit circuit was designed based on IGZO TFT, and the performance changes over a wide temperature range were analyzed. This lays the foundation for IGZO TFT to be applied in integrated circuits with harsh environments.

In Situ Reconstruction of Active Heterointerface for Hydrocarbon Combustion through Thermal Aging over Strontium-Modified Co3O4 Nanocatalyst with Good Sintering Resistance.

The issue of catalyst deactivation due to sintering has gained significant attention alongside the rapid advancement of thermal catalysts. In this work, a simple Sr modification strategy was applied to achieve highly active Co3O4-based nanocatalyst for catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons with excellent antisintering feature. With the Co1Sr0.3 catalyst achieving a 90% propane conversion temperature (T90) of only 289 °C at a w8 hly space velocity of 60,000 mL·g-1·h-1, 24 °C lower than that of pure Co3O4. Moreover, the sintering resistance of Co3O4 catalysts was greatly improved by SrCO3 modification, and the T90 over Co1Sr0.3 just increased from 289 to 337 °C after thermal aging at 750 °C for 100 h, while that over pure Co3O4 catalysts increased from 313 to 412 °C. Through strontium modification, a certain amount of SrCO3 was introduced on the Co3O4 catalyst, which can serve as a physical barrier during the thermal aging process and further formation of Sr-Co perovskite nanocrystals, thus preventing the aggregation growth of Co3O4 nanocrystals and generating new active SrCoO2.52-Co3O4 heterointerface. In addition, propane durability tests of the Co1Sr0.3 catalysts showed strong water vapor resistance and stability, as well as excellent low-temperature activity and resistance to sintering in the oxidation reactions of other typical hydrocarbons such as toluene and propylene. This study provides a general strategy for achieving thermal catalysts by perfectly combining both highly low-temperature activity and sintering resistance, which will have great significance in practical applications for replacing precious materials with comparative features.