Low Sucrose Research Articles

Somatic embryogenesis and glucosinolate/myrosinase system in vulnerable Brassica repanda subsp. glabrescens (Poldini) Gómez-Campo

The present study describes direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis of Brassica repanda subsp. glabrescens recognized as ‘vulnerable’ at the European level. Leaf and root explants, and whole seedlings have been subjected to plant growth regulator treatments. After 6 weeks of culture the same number of explants (leaves, roots, whole plantlets) was subcultured in part on the same medium and in part on hormone-free medium. Somatic embryogenesis via callus was obtained from leaf and root explants. The highest number of embryos was obtained in the calli developed in the medium with 1mgl−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1mgl−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and subcultured in medium without hormones. The number of embryos per callus was significantly higher (52 vs. 20) in leaf derived calli. Direct somatic embryogenesis was obtained from whole plantlets cultured in 1mgl−1 BAP with 1 or 2mgl−1 NAA and subcultured both in medium with or without hormones. The number of embryos per plantlet was comparable to the highest number obtained in leaf derived calli. Mature embryos developed the characteristic rosette shoots and strong roots were obtained in low sucrose regime (2gl−1), circa 63% of the plantlets survived to the acclimatization process. In leaves from in vivo and in vitro regenerated plantlets, and in seeds of native plants glucosinolates were present and the myrosinase system was operative. The regeneration protocols developed in this study provide a basis for germplasm conservation and for further investigation on the glucosinolate metabolism of this rare species.

Octopamine indirectly affects proboscis extension response habituation in Drosophila melanogaster by controlling sucrose responsiveness

Octopamine is an important neurotransmitter in insects with multiple functions. Here, we investigated the role of this amine in a simple form of learning (habituation) in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Specifically, we asked if octopamine is necessary for normal habituation of a proboscis extension response (PER) to different sucrose concentrations. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between responsiveness to sucrose solutions applied to the tarsus and habituation of the proboscis extension response in the same individual. The Tyramine-β-hydroxylase (Tβh) mutant lacks the enzyme catalyzing the final step of octopamine synthesis. This mutant was significantly less responsive to sucrose than controls. The reduced responsiveness directly led to faster habituation. Systemic application of octopamine or induction of octopamine synthesis by Tβh expression in a cluster of octopaminergic neurons within the suboesophageal ganglion restored sucrose responsiveness and habituation of octopamine mutants to control level. Further analyses imply that the reduced sucrose responsiveness of Tβh mutants is related to a lower sucrose preference, probably due to a changed carbohydrate metabolism, since Tβh mutants survived significantly longer under starved conditions. These findings suggest a pivotal role for octopamine in regulating sucrose responsiveness in fruit flies. Further, octopamine indirectly influences non-associative learning and possibly associative appetitive learning by regulating the evaluation of the sweet component of a sucrose reward.

Low sink-induced stomatal closure alters photosynthetic rates of source leaves in beans as dependent on H2O2 and ABA accumulation in guard cells

Low sink demand provided by pod removal and stem girdling of beans (Vicia faba, cv. Daqingshan) (-Sink) induced a significantly lower net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E) compared with pod and root sink retention (CK). This depression in Pn was due to stomatal limitation. Low sink demand of -Sink plants resulted in a higher leaf sucrose content, but a lower sucrose content in guard cells. Moreover, the significant accumulation of H2O2 and ABA were observed in both leaves and guard cells of -Sink plants. The most intensive electron dense deposit of cerium perhydroxides, produced by H2O2 reaction with cerium chloride, was present in the cell walls, especially the dorsal walls of guard cells. Immunogold electron-microscopy localization of ABA showed that ABA was distributed in ventral walls of guard cells and the intercellular space of mesophyll cells of -Sink leaves in contrast to CK plants. Application of exogenous sucrose to isolated bean leaves increased H2O2 and ABA contents. H2O2 and ABA in leaves was likely generated by two independently regulated pathways, each affected by the high sucrose concentration induced by low sink demand. Increased sucrose in leaves in response to low sink demand may have caused the increase of H2O2 and ABA, and their accumulation in mesophyll cells and guard cells was likely the primary cause for stomatal closure under low sink demand.

Low copper and dietary sucrose drive fibrosis pathways in a rat model of non‐alcoholic fatty‐liver disease (1116.11)

Nonalcoholic fatty‐liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in prevalence worldwide with the affected US population estimated near 30%. However, the molecular changes that drive NAFLD and its progression to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis are not well understood. Recently, a negative correlation has been observed between copper (Cu) status and NAFLD/NASH severity in patients, while rodent models fed low‐Cu diets also develop NAFLD pathology. The relationship between Cu status and liver disease is further complicated by consumption of simple sugars such as sucrose. We investigated effects of marginal Cu deficiency independently and in combination with 30% w/v sucrose in a mature rat model of NAFLD. Significant reductions of hepatic and serum Cu (p < 0.05) associated with significantly increased oxidative stress (p < 0.05) and up‐regulated expression of transcripts involved in inflammation and hepatic stellate cell activation (FC >= 2, p < 0.02), while rats fed low‐Cu/high sucrose also developed insulin resistance. The severity of fibrosis in particular has been implicated as a critical diagnostic tool for chronic liver disease and is likely prognostic for long‐term outcomes of liver complications and mortality. This study reveals low dietary Cu and sucrose consumption as potential drivers for NAFLD and NASH progression and transcriptional activation of fibrosis.Grant Funding Source: Supported by UAA Innovate Award and Alaska INBRE

Carbohydrates downregulates sodium‐dependent neutral amino acid transporter‐2 expression (946.5)

SNAT has an important physiological role in the provision of amino acids that may enter the gluconeogenic pathway in liver. However, SNAT2 transcriptional regulation by carbohydrates has not been studied. The objective of this study was to determine the acute response to 70% sucrose diet (high sucrose diet, HSD) or 10% sucrose diet (low sucrose diet, LSD) on hepatic SNAT2 expression. Wistar rats fed HSD showed a decrease of hepatic SNAT2 mRNA and protein expression compared with rats fed LSD or fasted rats. Also, we found a decrease SNAT2 mRNA expression in rat hepatocytes primary culture or HepG2 cells incubated with 25 mM versus 5 mM glucose. SNAT2 promoter mapping showed a putative carbohydrate response element (ChoRE). A construct containing this site was ligated in a luciferase vector for functional studies in HepG2 cell line. Promoter activity was decreased when transfection was performed with 25 mM versus 5 mM glucose. Specific protein‐DNA complexes were detected by EMSA indicating that the carbohydrate response element‐binding protein (ChREBP) binds to ChoRE in the SNAT2 promoter. These results showed that sucrose‐fed rats decrease hepatic SNAT2 expression through ChREBP.Grant Funding Source: Supported by CONACyT 183037

PH and bacterial profile of dental plaque in children and adults of a low caries population

ObjectiveThis study compares pH and microbiological profile of dental plaque in children and adults of a low caries population. Material and methodsThirty-nine children, 12–14 years of age and 45 adults between 20 and 39 years of age in 5 Karen villages of the Tak province, Northern Thailand were examined for plaque, calculus, caries (DMFT) and pH measurements in resting plaque and after a sucrose rinse. Information on dietary and oral hygiene habits was obtained through interviews using a fixed questionnaire. Microbiological profile of plaque samples was analyzed with DNA–DNA checkerboard technique. ResultsMean DMFT was 0.77 ± 1.56 and 87% of the adults and 67% of the children were caries free (p < 0.05). The mean resting pH was for both age groups in the range of 7.0–7.1 and significantly higher than a Swedish caries free reference group. Karen adult men had significantly lower pH minimum than females and children (p < 0.05). Supragingival plaque samples showed high levels of low acidogenic and anaerobic species, which dominated over strong acid producers such as streptococci. ConclusionThe study indicates that the Karen children and adults has a plaque physiology and microbiology predominating by low acidogenic anaerobes, which in addition to the low sucrose intake explains the low caries prevalence in this population.

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Mechanically Agitated Air - Aqueous Sucrose Solutions

Abstract The aim of the research presented in this paper was determination of power consumption and gas hold-up in mechanically agitated aerated aqueous low concentration sucrose solutions. Experimental studies were conducted in a vessel of diameter 0.634 m equipped with high-speed impellers (Rushton turbine, Smith turbine or A 315). The following operating parameters were changed: volumetric gas flow rate (expressed by superficial gas velocity), impeller speed, sucrose concentration and type of impeller. Based on the experiments results, impellers with a modified shape of blades, e.g. CD 6 or A 315, could be recommended for such gas-liquid systems. Power consumption was measured using strain gauge method. The results of gas holdup measurements have been approximated by an empirical relationship containing dimensionless numbers (Eq. (2)).

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Sucrose Content in Soybean Seed

ABSTRACTSucrose is a desirable sugar in soybean seed that affects the quality of soyfoods and feed; therefore, soybean cultivars with high sucrose would be valuable for soyfood and soybean meal markets. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed sucrose content using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that can be used for indirect selection in breeding. A low sucrose line, MFS‐553, was crossed with a high sucrose plant introduction, PI 243545, to develop an F2–derived QTL mapping population. A total of 626 SSR primers covering 20 soybean chromosomes were used to screen the parents and 209 SSR markers were polymorphic. The polymorphic SSR markers were used to genotype 220 F2:3 lines. Subsequently, a total of 94 F3:4 lines derived from the initial F2:3 population were genotyped with 5361 SNP markers spanning 20 chromosomes, of which 2016 were polymorphic. Seed from the F2:3, F3:5, and F3:6 lines were analyzed for sucrose using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Following the linkage map construction, composite interval mapping (CIM) and multiple interval mapping (MIM) were performed to locate sucrose QTL. Three novel QTLs for seed sucrose were mapped to chromosomes 5, 9, and 16, accounting for 46, 10 and 8%, respectively, of the phenotypic variation for sucrose content. SSR and SNP markers linked to these QTLs can be used for marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding soybean lines with the desired sugar profile.

The Trehalose Phosphotransferase System (PTS) in E. coli W Can Transport Low Levels of Sucrose that Are Sufficient to Facilitate Induction of the csc Sucrose Catabolism Operon

Plasticity in substrate acceptance is a well-characterised phenomenon for disaccharide transporters. Sucrose, a non-reducing disaccharide, is usually metabolised via either the permease-mediated chromosomally-encoded sucrose catabolism (csc) regulon or the sucrose phosphotransferase system (PTS). E. coli W is a fast-growing strain which efficiently utilises sucrose at concentrations above 1% via the csc regulon. To examine if sucrose could be metabolised via other routes, a library of transposon mutants was generated and screened on 0.2% sucrose. One mutant identified from this library had an insertion in the repressor for the regulon controlling catabolism of the disaccharide trehalose (treR). A series of mutants was constructed to elucidate the mechanism of sucrose utilization in the treR insertion strain. Analysis of these mutants provided evidence that deletion of TreR enables uptake of sucrose via TreB, an enzyme II protein required for PTS-mediated uptake of trehalose. Once inside the cell, this sucrose is not processed by the TreC hydrolase, nor is it sufficient for growth of the strain. QRT-PCR analysis showed that levels of cscA (invertase) transcript increased in the WΔtreR mutant relative to the wild-type strain when grown under low sucrose conditions. This result suggests that the intracellular sucrose provided by TreB can facilitate de-repression of the csc regulon, leading to increased gene expression, sucrose uptake and sucrose utilization in the treR mutant.

Decreased sucrose preference in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

AimsIncreased sugar consumption may adversely affect glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Although patients with diabetes are generally thought to prefer sweet tastes, few data are available on the sucrose preference in these individuals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate sucrose preference in patients with type 2 diabetes in comparison with subjects without diabetes. MethodsSucrose preference was assessed in 200 subjects (100 type 2 diabetes patients and 100 age-, sex- and body mass index (BMI)-matched control subjects). Sucrose preference was evaluated together with sucrose perception (i.e., sucrose sensitivity). Clinical and biochemical factors affecting sucrose taste were also analyzed. ResultsParticipants with type 2 diabetes preferred lower sucrose concentrations compared with control subjects (p=0.001), although they had a less sensitive palate for sucrose compared with subjects without diabetes (p=0.012). Individual sucrose preference demonstrated a negative relationship with sensitivity to sucrose in control subjects. Notably, this relationship between sucrose preference and sensitivity was completely absent in participants with type 2 diabetes. Male patients with diabetes demonstrated a higher sucrose preference compared with female patients. There were no significant correlations between sucrose preference and glycemic control, duration of diabetes, or anti-diabetic medications. ConclusionsParticipants with type 2 diabetes demonstrate a lower preference for sweet tastes than control subjects despite their decreased perception of sucrose. Reduced sucrose preference is not associated with better glycemic control in individuals with diabetes.

The Economic Impact of Sugarcane Moth Borers in Indonesia

Two years of field experiments were conducted in Indonesia (East Java) to investigate damage levels and economic impact of three major sugarcane moth borers Chilo sacchariphagus, C. auricilius and Scirpophaga excerptalis. To collect such information, we created different levels of borer damage by comparing treated (biocontrol vs. insecticide applications) and untreated plots with natural infestation. In the plant cane experiment, damage levels in untreated plots were the highest with an average of 14.5 % internodes bored by Chilo spp. and 15.8 % stalks damaged by S. excerptalis. In comparison, the best treatment obtained with insecticides had only 4.6 and 3.8 % damage level respectively, followed by plots treated with Trichogramma releases. The untreated plots had lower sucrose yield, higher fibre content and lower cane yield than all treated plots, which represents a loss in cane yield of 45.4 t/ha (−34 %). In the ratoon crop, both yields and the percent of damaged stalks were lower (9.5 % by top borer and 40 % by stem borers) and the yield reduction in biomass was estimated at 12.5 t/ha (19.2 %). In the situation of high infestation as observed in the plant crop, stalk height and other parameters were affected, particularly when damaged by S. excerptalis. For this borer, the weight loss per stalk was estimated at 40.8 % compared to 15 % from stemborer damage (2.7 times less). Using these figures, the overall economic impact was calculated, knowing the relationship between weighted borer damage and sucrose yield in plant cane, the cost of applications and the net value per tonne of extra sugar. Therefore, a damage threshold can be applied to trigger control strategies.

Application of vacuum belt press filters for cane mud filtration and performance comparison with rotary filters

Bois-Rouge factory, an 8000 t/d cane Reunionese sugarcane mill, has fully equipped its filtration station with vacuum belt press filters since 2010, the first one being installed in 2009. The present study deals with this 3-year experience and discusses operating conditions, electricity consumption, performance and optimisation. The comparison with the more classical rotary drum vacuum filter station of Le Gol sugar mill highlights advantages of vacuum belt press filters: high filtration efficiency, low filter cake mass and sucrose content, low total solids content in filtrate and low power consumption. However, this technology needs a mud conditioning step and requires a large amount of water to improve mud quality, mixing of flocculant and washing of filter belts. The impact on the energy balance of the sugar mill is significant. At Bois-Rouge mill, studies are underway to reduce the water consumption by recycling low d.s. filtrate and by dry cleaning the filter belts.

Uptake and transportation behavior of a new fungicidal agent LH-2010A in cucumber plants

The efficacy of a new fluorinated benzamide compound LH-2010A against Pseudoperonospora cubensis and its uptake-translocate behavior in cucumber plants were studied. Calculated EC50 was 6.70 mu g/mL, whereas fluopicolide was 7.67 mu g/mL. LH-2010A was absorbed by plants and translocated to other sites. Furthermore, the downward transportation observed was different from fluopicolide. The absorption of LH-2010A by cucumber roots was inhibited by low temperature, respiratory inhibitors, sucrose and amino acids indicating that the absorption is an active process. (C) Pesticide Science Society of Japan

Investigating the pollination syndrome of the Hawaiian lobeliad genus Clermontia (Campanulaceae) using floral nectar traits

Floral nectar sugar compositions have, for several decades, been used to predict a plant species' pollinator guild. Plants possessing a generalist ornithophilous pollination syndrome produce nectar that is dilute (8-12% w/v sugars) with a low sucrose to hexose (glucose and fructose) ratio. The Hawaiian lobeliad genus Clermontia contains 22 endemic species of shrubs and small trees that are believed to have evolved flowers adapted for pollination by now mostly extinct or endangered endemic passerines in the Drepanidinae and Mohoidae. We analyzed the nectar sugar compositions, concentration, and nectar standing crop of 23 taxa to test the assumption that Clermontia taxa have evolved floral traits in response to selection pressures from these avian pollinators. All Clermontia taxa produced nectar with sugar concentrations (mean: 9.2% w/v ± 1.8 SD) comparable to the nectar of other plant species with a generalized bird pollination system. Nectar sugars were overwhelmingly composed of hexoses in all taxa (mean sucrose/hexose ratio: 0.02 ± 0.02). Nectar standing crop volumes varied widely among taxa, ranging from 9.7 µL ± 7.1 to 430.5 µL ± 401.8 (mean volume: 177.8 ± 112.0). Collectively, the nectar traits indicate that Clermontia species possess a generalist passerine pollination syndrome.

Effect of invert syrup on quality of guang-style moon-cake

The effect of citric acid, water content and temperature on inversion of white sugar was studied in this research.Different composition of invert syrup was used in moon-cake to research the water activity, oil and water content along with storing period.The last test was analyzed by TPA for hardness, cohesiveness and chewiness.Results showed that increasing citric acid content, raised rate of sucrose inversion, and the rate was reaching 96 percent when citric content was 0.20% on the basis of sucrose.Slow inversion rate was occurred when increasing water content.48.6% sucrose was inverted when temperature was 110 centigrade, lower than 90℃ and 100℃.High inversion of sucrose, lower sucrose content was favorable in speeding up the water transferring from interior part to exterior, oil migrating was effective when citric acid addition was 0.20%.The results showed that, water content, oil content were positive analyzed with fructose and glucose, and negative with sucrose, and water activity was negative with fructose and glucose, positive analyzed with sucrose.Hardness of moon cake skin was negative with fructose and glucose, positive correlation occurred with cohesiveness and chewiness. High rate of sucrose inversion was favorable for moon-cake, because of improving the water and oil transferring.

EPA-0256 – Behavioral patterns and expression of genes coding serotonin receptors, serotonin transporter and brainderived neurotrophic factor in rats with ultrasound induced depression

The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of continuous action of ultrasonic waves of variable frequencies on behavior of rats in ’classical’ tests used to reveal depression-like behavior, to evaluate the influence of different antidepressants on rates and to analyze expression of several genes involved in pathogenesis of depression. : Rats in individual cages were exposed to ultrasonic irradiation of variable frequencies (20–45 kHz) for 21 days. 48 male non-pedigree albino rats were divided into 5 groups: non-ultrasound-saline, ultrasound-saline, ultrasound-fluoxetine, ultrasound-bupropion and ultrasound-tianeptine. Administration of each drug was carried out daily from the first to the last day of the experiment. Behavioral tests were include: Social Interaction test, Porsolt and Anhedonia Test. Than rats were decapitated and expression genes coding serotonin receptors (5HT1, 5HT2 subtypes), SERT and BDNF were measured in prefrontal cortex, midbrain and hippocampus using Quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Depression-like behavior manifests itself in reduced social activity in Social Interaction Test, increased immobility in Porsolt Test and lower sucrose consumption in Sucrose Preference Tests. The administrated antidepressants demonstrated their effectiveness. RT-qPCR gene expression analysis showed increased expression of SERT gene in all studied structures; decrease expression of 5-HT2A in prefrontal cortex and midbrain, increase 5HT1A in hippocampus. Expression of gene coding BDNF in hippocampus is significant decreased. The obtained data allow to conclude that this model meets the main requirements set to animal models (face, predictive and construct validity) and can be used in pre-clinical studies of new antidepressants.

Functional Analysis of the Potential Enzymes Involved in Sugar Modulation in High and Low Sugarcane Cultivars

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a dynamic C4 polyploidy grass used as a major source of sucrose and an alternative for ethanol, food, and energy. Despite growing scientific interest, various sucrose metabolism regulatory aspects have been limited. Biochemical and gene expression studies were conducted on developmental stages, 240-420 days of planting (DAP) in mature leaves of three high and three low sucrose sugarcane cultivars. Sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities were found to be remarkably higher at 240-360 DAP but decrease at 420 DAP. Twofold increases of SS activity was estimated at 240-360 DAP while SPS activity trend was found to be lower than the SS activity. In comparing SS and SPS activities with the brix of respective DAP, results show that these activities are significant and positively correlated with 'r' values of 0.69 and 0.68 for SS and SPS, respectively. However, the soluble acid invertase (SAI) and neutral invertase (NI) activities were found to decrease significantly with the maturity of cultivars, negatively correlating with brix at 'r' values 0.83 and 0.89 for SAI and NI, respectively. The antioxidant enzyme activity was modulated similar to the invertases activity. Of the six genes, ESAS 11 and 23 associated with sucrose accumulation and ESTS 34 and 41 associated with sugar transport in sugarcane were differentially expressed among the selected high and low sugarcane cultivars. Hence, these findings reinforce the selection of diverse sugarcane cultivars for gene expression studies targeting to quantitative traits and candidate marker determination.

Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown shoot tips of chrysanthemum by encapsulation-dehydration

ABSTRACT Chrysanthemums are amongst the most economically important flowers in the world. The protection and storage of these valuable genetic resources is of great importance. Today, cryopreservation, or the storage of biological material at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (-196°C), is believed to be the most promising long-term storage method. To optimise the cryopreservation protocol, the shoot tips of Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum /Ramat./ Kitam. ‘Lady Orange’ and ‘Lady Salmon’ mutants were cryopreserved using the encapsulation-dehydration technique. During the experiment, the influence of sucrose concentration (2, 3 and 6%) during preculture and the concentration of kinetin (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mg dm-3) in the regrowth medium were tested. A higher survival rate was observed for ‘Lady Salmon’. In general, the media with higher sucrose levels provided the best survival and recovery rates (35-40%). Kinetin had no influence on the survival rate; however, it influenced the morphogenesis of the plants. The lowest number of explants forming multiple shoots was observed on the medium with the lowest sucrose (during preculture) and kinetin (in the recovery medium) concentration. On the other hand, the best rhizogenesis efficiency was observed when 0.25 mg dm-3 kinetin was added. In conclusion, the composition of both preculture and recovery media need to be adjusted to single cultivars. The use of 3% sucrose (preculture) and 0.25 mg dm-3 kinetin (recovery) seems reasonable, since it guarantees a satisfying recovery rate of the explants and at the same time prevents the formation of callus and multiple shoots, stimulating the rooting instead.

Effect of sugar concentration on ginsenoside biosynthesis in hairy root cultures of Panax quinquefolium cultivated in shake flasks and nutrient sprinkle bioreactor

The study assessed the influence of sugar concentration (10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 100, 120 g l−1) on growth and ginsenoside biosynthesis in Panax quinquefolium hairy roots cultivated in shake flasks and a nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. The highest growth rate was achieved in medium containing 3–5 % sucrose. More than 70 g l−1 or less than 20 g l−1 sugar content in the medium induces significant inhibition of root growth when cultivated in shake flasks. The saponin content was determined using HPLC. The maximum yield (above 9 mg g−1 d.w.) of the sum of six examined ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1) in hairy roots cultivated in shake flasks was obtained with 30 g l−1 sucrose in the medium. The sucrose concentration in the medium was found to correlate with saponin content in bioreactor-cultured specimens. A higher level of protopanaxadiol derivatives was found for lower (20 and 30 g l−1) sucrose concentrations; higher sucrose concentrations (50 and 70 g l−1) in the medium stimulated a higher level of Rg group saponins.

Characterization of hyperbranched glycopolymers produced in vitro using enzymes

Asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation (AF4) has proven to be a very powerful and quantitative method for the determination of the macromolecular structure of high molar mass branched biopolymers, when coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (MALLS). This work describes a detailed investigation of the macromolecular structure of native glycogens and hyperbranched α-glucans (HBPs), with average molar mass ranging from 2 × 10(6) to 4.3 × 10(7)gmol(-1), which are not well fractionated by means of classical size-exclusion chromatography. HBPs were enzymatically produced from sucrose by the tandem action of an amylosucrase and a branching enzyme mimicking in vitro the elongation and branching steps involved in glycogen biosynthesis. Size and molar mass distributions were studied by AF4, coupled with online quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) and transmission electron microscopy. AF4-MALLS-QELS has shown a remarkable agreement between hydrodynamic radii obtained by online QELS and by AF4 theory in normal mode with constant cross flow. Molar mass, size, and dispersity were shown to significantly increase with initial sucrose concentration, and to decrease when the branching enzyme activity increases. Several populations with different size range were observed: the amount of small size molecules decreasing with increasing sucrose concentration. The spherical and dense global conformation thus highlighted was partly similar to native glycogens. A more detailed study of HBPs synthesized from low and high initial sucrose concentrations was performed using complementary enzymatic hydrolysis of external chains and chromatography. It emphasized a more homogeneous branching pattern than native glycogens with a denser core and shorter external chains.