Low Rolling Resistance Research Articles

Metal deactivator-suppressed degradation of trans-1,4-poly(isoprene-co-butadiene) rubber

Trans-1,4-poly(butadiene-co-isoprene) rubber (TBIR) has excellent dynamic properties, such as a high anti-fatigue performance, low rolling resistance, good abrasion resistance, and low heat generation, for use in high-performance tires; however, these properties are degraded by Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalyst residues, which accelerate aging. Introducing metal deactivators into anti-aging agents, we demonstrated the suppressed degradation of TBIR using differential scanning calorimetry, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. The suppression extent was closely associated with the types and content of metal deactivators. Given the optimized content, TEA (0.5 phr) and oxine (0.1 phr) exerted a more profound effect than did MD697 (0.1 phr) and MD1024 (0.2 phr)), resulting in a higher oxidation induction time and retention rate of molecular weight of TBIR. It is demonstrated that the details of the suppression mechanism of metal deactivators obtained from the analysis of the ultraviolet spectrum could be accounted for the formation of stable chelates, thereby reducing the activity of the catalyst metal residues. Finally, we found that TEA and oxine had no significant negative effects on the physical and processing properties of TBIR. These results provide an important reference for improving the stability and aging resistance of TBIR, which could be extended to other polymers that are synthesized using a Z-N catalyst or may encounter metals or metallic compounds.

Bio-Based Pyrrole Compounds Containing Sulfur Atoms as Coupling Agents of Carbon Black with Unsaturated Elastomers.

In this work, the hysteresis of elastomer composites suitable for tire compounds was reduced by using CB functionalized with pyrrole compounds containing sulfur-based functional groups reactive with the elastomer chains. CB was functionalized with bio-based pyrrole compounds: 2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)ethane-1-thiol (SHP) and 1,2-bis(2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyr-rol-1-yl)ethyl)disulfide (SSP), bearing an -SH and an -SS- functional group, respectively. SHP and SSP were synthesized via a one-pot two-step synthesis, with yields higher than 70%, starting from biosourced chemicals as follows: 2,5-hexanedione from 2,5-dimethylfuran, cysteine and cysteamine. The functionalization of CB was carried out by mixing the CB with PyC and heating, with quantitative yields ranging from 92 to 97%. Thus, the whole functionalization process was characterized by a high carbon efficiency. The formation of the covalent bond between SHP, SSP and CB, in line with the prior art of such a functionalization technology, was proven by means of extraction and TGA analyses. The reactivity of the sulfur-based functional groups with unsaturated polymer chains was demonstrated by using squalene as the model compound. Poly(styrene-co-butadiene) from solution anionic polymerization and poly(1,4-cis-isoprene) from Hevea Brasiliensis were the elastomers employed for the preparation of the composites, which were crosslinked with a sulfur-based system. Pristine CB was partially replaced with CB/SHP (33%) and CB/SSP (33% and 66%). The PyC resulted in better curing efficiency, an increase in the dynamic rigidity of approximately 20% and a reduction in the hysteresis of approximately 10% at 70 °C, as well as similar/better ultimate tensile properties. The best results were achieved with a 66% replacement of CB with CB/SSP. This new family of reactive carbon blacks paves the way for a new generation of 'green tires', reinforced by a CB reactive with the polymer chains, which provides high mechanical properties and low rolling resistance. Such a reactive CB eliminates the use of silica, and thus the ethanol emission resulting from the condensation of silane is used as a coupling agent. In addition, CB-based tires are characterized by a higher mileage, at a moment in which the reduction in tire wear has become a primary concern.

Preparation and properties of rice husk ash silica filled natural rubber

AbstractRice husk ash silica obtained from the chemical purification of rice husk ash is a bio‐based silica. As a sustainable raw material, the bio‐based silica has attracted much attention in recent years. It can be used to replace traditional carbon black and silica in tire rubbers. Our experimental results show that the bio‐based silica can bring similar mechanical properties and higher wet grip to natural rubber in comparison with traditional silica. The wet mixing method is successfully used to disperse the bio‐based silica in natural rubber latex, obtaining a bio‐based silica/natural rubber composite with higher abrasion resistance and lower rolling resistance than the composite prepared by traditional dry mixing. The mechanical properties of bio‐based silica/natural rubber composites depend on the silica loading and mixing methods. Mixing natural rubber and bio‐based silica through wet‐mixing method is a green and sustainable approach to the tread rubbers with excellent mechanical properties, low rolling resistance, high abrasion resistance, and wet grip.

Tribological Characterization of Micro Ball Bearings with and without Solid-State Lubrication.

The tribological characteristics of a below 1 mm micro ball bearing comprising steel disc and cages coated with thin copper and silver films were investigated. Electroplating and laser cutting were used to manufacture used elements. Friction was measured using a linear stage and an adapted version of a friction-loop method. The obtained results show an interesting relationship between the geometric properties of the micro scale thrust bearing and their performance and operational stability, which can be correlated to similar relationships observed in the macro scale. The most optimal design of the bearing showed stable operation, with the simplified rolling resistance coefficient in the range 0.002 to 0.003, independently of applied load, which was in range 150 mN to 1500 mN. The possibility of creating easily manufacturable micro ball bearings with a low rolling resistance coefficient comprised solely of cheap and sturdy elements was shown.

A unique coupling agent for elastomer nanocomposites with better carbon black dispersion for higher abrasion resistance and lower rolling resistance

AbstractCarbon black is a very important reinforcing agent for rubber, which can significantly improve rubber modulus, strength, and abrasion performance. However, there are defects such as large hysteresis loss, dynamic energy loss, and high heat build‐up by using carbon black to reinforce rubber. In this paper, a new silane coupling agent named M1 was prepared and introduced as the coupling agent of carbon black, and M1 modified carbon black was prepared. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer results demonstrated the successful modification and revealed the interaction mechanism between M1 and carbon black. The results showed that strong interfacial bonding can be generated between M1 and carbon black through physical and chemical interactions, thereby promoting the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix. Then, carbon black/rubber nanocomposites were prepared with different amount of M1. Because M1 could improve the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix, the carbon black/rubber nanocomposites with M1 have lower network and loss factor, lower rolling resistance, and higher abrasion resistance, which is ideal to manufacture green bus and truck tires for energy‐saving, environment‐friendly, and low‐carbon society.

Copolymerization of butadiene and styrene under the influence of n-butyllithium

It is known that styrene-butadiene copolymers having an increased content of 1,2-links of butadiene give tires a unique combination of good grip properties and low rolling resistance. Under conditions of severe operation, heat generation, and, therefore, rolling resistance of this rubber turned out to be less than that of polymers with a conventional structure. Compared to other rubbers, SSBR rubber with a high content of carbon black (mire than 50%) is highly economical. Lower heat generation in SSBR tires is a significant advantage over other rubbers and is preferable for long-term safety of the run even in desert conditions. The growing requirements for energy saving, safety of road transport, ecology, as well as a sufficient level of scientific research in the field of ionic polymerization of monomers were prerequisites for the creation of technology for obtaining solution copolymers based on dienes and vinyl aromatic monomers with special properties based on the mathematical model of the isothermal process of copolymerization of styrene and butadiene in an aliphatic solvent on the n-BuLi/mod catalytic system, which includes four chain growth reactions, two chain transfer reactions to a transfer agent, the concentration of which is recalculated. The calculation of the copolymerization constants of styrene and butadiene in hexane in the presence of the tested catalytic system is presented and the parameters of the obtained mathematical model are determined. Compliance with the optimal mode of conducting the polymerization process makes it possible to obtain rubber with specified physical and mechanical properties. The models presented in this paper take into account the most complex mechanisms of the copolymerization process, taking into account the hydrodynamics and heat transfer in the system, as well as the features of the real technological process. For the first time, the universal approach to solving the problem of obtaining SSBR rubber with a predictable set of properties is proposed. Based on mathematical modeling, laboratory experiments and optimization of the copolymerization process, the possibility of directed synthesis of functionalized DSSC rubber with the required physical and mechanical characteristics has appeared.

Highly active and thermally robust pyridylbenzotriazole iron-based catalysts for preparation of polyisoprenes that feature high wet traction and low rolling resistance

A series of pyridylbenzotriazole iron (II) complexes with general formula (L2FeCl2) were synthesized and characterized by IR, ESI-MS, and elemental analysis. Determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, complex Fe1 adopts a distorted octahedral geometry. Upon activation with methylaluminoxane (MAO), the activity of the complex for isoprene polymerization decreased as the bulkiness of the substituent at 6-position of the pyridyl ring of the ligand increased. Notably, Fe1 exhibited excellent activity of 4.1 × 106 g/(mol (Fe)•h), affording polymers with ultra-high molecular weight (Mn = 2380 × 103 g/mol) and narrow distributions (Mw/Mn = 1.72). The resulting polyisoprenes possessed predominantly cis-1,4/3,4 alternating structure and short cis-1,4 and 3,4 sequences, irrespective of the reaction conditions, indicating high thermal stability of the catalyst. Moreover, the prepared polyisoprene composite showed higher mechanical properties compared to SSBR-2466 and SSBR-5025 which are the key components of current commercial tread rubber, and had comparable wet traction and superior rolling resistance.

A finite element analysis based design of a non-pneumatic wheel chair castor

The non pneumatic castors (NPCs) exhibit various advantages over pneumatic castors such as, higher load bearing capacity, lower rolling resistance and less occurrence of the blowouts in harsh environments. We have conducted an FEA based design optimization study of wheel chair non-pneumatic castors (NPC); and compared its mechanical properties with a Pneumatic castor of same characteristics. NPCs with different number of holes and hole diameter, were subjected under vertical load and rolling along a discrete rigid road. Based on results; the NPC with 25 no. of holes and 8.75 mm hole diameter is considered as the optimal design, because the stiffness and rolling resistance of the castor with 8.75 mm diameter hole size overlapped the characteristics of Pneumatic castor. In order to avoid failures due to stress concentration, the stress distribution at various locations was also investigated for the NPCs as well as pneumatic castors. The stress concentration in NPC was observed “along the circumference that passes through the hole centers”. The minimum stress is induced in any individual hole when it’s not in contact with the ground, while as the castor rolls from 0 to 360°, stress changes in a sinusoidal form for every individual hole.

Topological Optimization of Non-Pneumatic Unique Puncture-Proof Tire System Spoke Design for Tire Performance

<div>Non-pneumatic tires (NPTs) have been widely used due to their advantages of no occurrence of puncture-related problems, no need of air maintenance, low rolling resistance, and improvement of passenger comfort due to its better shock absorption. It has a variety of applications as in earthmovers, planetary rover, stair-climbing vehicles, and the like. Recently, the unique puncture-proof tire system (UPTIS) NPT has been introduced for passenger vehicles segment. The spoke design of NPT-UPTIS has a significant effect on the overall working performance of tire. Optimized tire performance is a crucial factor for consumers and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Hence to optimize the spoke design of NPT-UPTIS spoke, the top and bottom curve of spoke profile have been described in the form of analytical equations. A generative design concept has been introduced to create around 50,000 spoke profiles. Finite element model (FEM) model is developed to evaluate the stiffness and damage-resisting performance of NPT-UPTIS spoke. The FEM methodology has also been validated with average accuracy of more than 95% for experimental vertical stiffness for commercial NPT-Tweel. The stiffness and damage-resisting performance of generated designs have been predicted with the help of machine learning regression models, which were trained on the FEM results of 200 such designs. These 50,000 generated designs have been categorized in four different categories based on different level of stiffness and damage resistance performance. In this study, one optimized design from each category has been selected and their performance have been validated with 3D FEM simulation. It has been found that the suggested topology optimization approach is efficient to generate UPTIS spoke designs with having ±30% stiffness with 17%, 40%, and 56% more damage resistance performances with respect to the starting reference design.</div>

AGREEMENT BETWEEN FRICTION, ABRASION, AND ROLLING RESISTANCE IN SILICA-FILLED TIRE TREAD COMPOUNDS BY TUNING DEGREE OF SILANIZATION AND LOADING OF CARBON BLACK

ABSTRACT Development of green tires by using silica and silane in tread compounds has emerged as a key technology in the tire industry. One of the most important features of a green tire is its low rolling resistance; however, agreement between other performances of a tire, such as wet grip and wear, along with rolling resistance of tread compounds, is a serious challenge. Properties of tire tread compounds are very sensitive to the silanization of silica and the loading of primary and secondary fillers. This work investigates simultaneous effects of silanization of silica as the primary filler and loading of carbon black as the secondary filler. By performing dynamic-mechanical testing in strain sweep and mechanical testing of tire tread compounds, the degree of silanization of silica and loading of carbon black were tuned to make agreement between friction, abrasion, and rolling resistance of green tire tread compounds. Morphology of the filler, kinetics of vulcanization, and bound rubber content in the tread compounds were used to explain the findings. Other than dynamic-mechanical analyses to predict final performance of tread compounds, direct measurements of friction, abrasion, and rolling resistance of tread compounds showed a 43% increase in the coefficient of friction on wet concrete, a 47% increase in abrasion resistance, and a rolling resistance coefficient of approximately 6.5 by using 10 parts per hundred of rubber (phr) of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide and 10 phr of carbon black N330 as the secondary filler.

Hybrid enhancement of silica and aramid pulp on improving performance and reducing dynamic heat generation of natural rubber composites

AbstractThe composites with excellent mechanical, low rolling resistance, and low heat build‐up are the potential materials for preparing green tires. In this study, we prepared silica‐natural rubber latex (silica‐NRL) masterbatch, which improved the processing and dispersion properties of silica in the natural rubber, proved by the rheological properties of composites. Furthermore, the idea of partial replacement of silica with low content modified aramid pulp (AP) for preparing hybrid enhanced natural rubber with high mechanical properties and low heat build‐up was put forward and evaluated the feasibility of this strategy. We find that replacing 5 phr silica with 1 phr AP, the performances of the rubber composites were all superior to the composites with only filled 50 phr silica, and replacing 10 phr silica with 2 phr AP, the mechanical and fatigue property was improved remarkably and dynamic heat generation was reduced the most at same time. The strategy of preparing silica‐NRL masterbatch and partial replacement of silica with AP provides a novel reference for the preparation of low heat build‐up green tire.

Silica reinforced epoxidized solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber and epoxidized polybutadiene rubber nanocomposite as green tire tread

Solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR) and high cis-polybutadiene rubber (BR) are usually used as matrix and silane coupling agent (SCA) modified silica as the filler in the conventional green tire tread. However, the SCA cannot achieve uniform distribution of silica, moreover the modification process generates volatile organic compounds. In this work, a novel silica reinforced epoxidized SSBR(ESSBR)/epoxidized BR (EBR) nanocomposite (S-ESSBR/EBR) without SCA is prepared. The ESSBR and EBR with different epoxidation degree are synthesized by an oxidant H2O2 and reaction-controlled phase-transfer catalyst CPC-PW4O16. The microstructure and performance of S-ESSBR/EBR nanocomposites are investigated and compared with the silica reinforced SSBR/BR nanocomposite (S-SSBR/BR-Si75) using Si75 as SCA. Silica nanoparticles transfer from ESSBR phase to EBR phase with increasing epoxidation degree of EBR, so the distribution of silica in two phases becomes homogeneous. The S-ESSBR/EBR nanocomposite exhibits high wet skid resistance, low rolling resistance and excellent abrasion resistance as green tire tread.

An animal glycerol potassium salt without volatile organic compounds emission combined with plasma‐atomization technology and its application in green tires

AbstractIn this study, a VOC‐free animal glycerol potassium salt is introduced to replace the silane coupling agent, and the plasma is used to treat the modifier and silica. The impact of high‐energy electrons in the plasma increases the contact area between the modifier and silica. Combined with the atomization technology, the velocity difference realizes the microscopic dispersion of silica, the instantaneous thin‐layer drying reduces the oxidation of the rubber chains. XPS and SEM show that the plasma promotes the silanization reaction of silica. FTIR demonstrates that the existence of chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds between potassium oleate (PO) and silica, and there is a crosslinking between PO and sulfur. The PO/Si69‐silica/NR composites prepared by plasma‐atomization technology have better processing fluidity, mechanical properties and lower rolling resistance. The plasma‐atomization technology promotes the silanization reaction of silica, saves energy consumption and reduces dust pollution, meanwhile, the replacement of Si69 by PO reduces VOC emissions and the rolling resistance of the rubber, which provides an innovative idea for the development of green tires.

The influence of crystalline component with varied chain sequence structure and crystallinity on properties of NR based nanocomposites

The influences of polymer network structures on the properties of natural rubber (NR) based products were investigated in this work through blending NR with trans-1,4-poly(butadiene-co-isoprene) (TBIR) copolymers with varied crystallinity. Series of TBIR copolymers with varied chain sequence structure and crystallinity were synthesized. Blending 10 phr TBIR-1 (crystallinity 9.4%) with NR, the vulcanized NR/TBIR-1 composite presented the highest fatigue resistance, reduced rolling resistance and abrasion, reduced tear strength when compared with NR composite. While NR/TBIR-3 (crystallinity 4.1%) vulcanizate presented satisfied dynamic properties, like much lower rolling resistance and abrasion, excellent fatigue resistance and tear strength. The chain sequence structures of TBIR had significant effects on the dynamic properties of NR composites by constructing polymer ternary-network structures. This work is dedicated to understand the key parameters determining the dynamic properties of rubber composites and proposed the ideal polymer network structure for high performance rubber composites.

Preparation and performance of natural rubber latex treatment for silica filled natural rubber composites

AbstractNatural rubber latex filled with silica can be used to prepare low‐cost green tires with low rolling resistance. However, low mixing efficiency and reduction of properties have become the major difficulty in the industry, because there are many polar groups on the surface of silica, and it is difficult to produce a strong interaction with a nonpolar rubber. In this paper, natural rubber latex masterbatch with silica was prepared, and easily mixed with natural rubber (NR) to obtain NR/silica composites. The silica after NRL treated in the rubber matrix characterized with well dispersion, good compatibility with rubber, and composites had weaker Payne effect and higher wet‐skid resistance. Meanwhile, the 100% and 300% tensile modulus increased by 8.5% and 14.47%, respectively, notably decreasing heat build‐up by 41.88%, compared to the composite prepared by dry mixing technology. Overall, both the dispersion and interfacial adhesion of silica in the rubber matrix have a significant synergistic effect on the properties of rubber composites. The strategy of preparing NR/silica composites provides new research avenues for the preparation of green tires and other rubber industries in the future.

Manual Wheelchair Configuration in Unilateral Upper- and Lower-Extremity Propulsion: A Randomized Crossover Study to Assess Effects of Rear Wheel Axle Position and Frame Type

ObjectiveTo evaluate independence and exertion when using a lightweight wheelchair in comparison with ultra-lightweight wheelchairs (rigid and folding) for individuals with brain injury using a hemipropulsion technique. DesignRandomized cross-over. SettingRehabilitation hospital. ParticipantsIndividuals diagnosed with brain injury resulting in hemiplegia using a hemipropulsion technique to mobilize in a manual wheelchair for at least 4 hours per day were recruited for this study. InterventionsEighteen participants were randomly assigned to complete skills and endurance testing in 3 different wheelchair configurations over a 3-week period: lightweight wheelchair; ultra-lightweight folding wheelchair; and ultra-lightweight rigid wheelchair. Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome in this study was the percentage capacity score from the modified Wheelchair Skills Test 4.1. Secondary outcomes included the Wheelchair Propulsion Test, 100-m Push Test, heart rate, and rate of perceived exertion. ResultsSignificant differences were found in the Wheelchair Skills Test (total score, low rolling resistance score, and the goal attainment score) favoring the ultra-lightweight wheelchairs over the lightweight wheelchair (P=.002, .001, and .016, respectively). Time to complete the 100-m push test was significantly faster for the ultra-lightweight rigid frame in comparison with the lightweight frame (P=.001; 30.89 seconds faster). Significance differences were not seen with the Wheelchair Propulsion Test measures across any of the wheelchair frames. Heart rate change and of perceived exertion were significantly lower for the ultra-lightweight rigid group in comparison with the lightweight group (P=.006 and .013, respectively). ConclusionsThese data suggest that using an ultra-light weight wheelchair may lead to improved ability to complete wheelchair skills needed for successful mobility and a decrease in the actual and perceived physiological burden associated with propulsion in comparison to a lightweight wheelchair. A rigid frame may also enable faster mobility in comparison to a folding frame when hemi-propelling.

Ant Colony optimization application in bottleneck station scheduling

Finding optimal solutions to production planning and scheduling problems is crucial for surviving in a competitive environment and meeting customer expectations over time. Planning can become complicated in sectors with many different products such as tire production. This study focuses on the bottleneck problem caused by a machine called a Quadruplex Extruder in a tire factory. With this machine, rubber is extruded and transformed into a tread material product, which is critically important in some essential tire features, such as low rolling resistance and brake distance. This study aims to minimize the set-up times in production by optimizing the manufacturing order of the products produced in a quadruplex extruder machine using the Ant Colony Algorithm (ACA), a well-known metaheuristic method to solve polynomial optimization problems. In addition, the second version of the Lin–Kernighan–Helsgaun (LKH-2) algorithm was adapted to this problem. Manually prepared, LKH-2 and ACA-produced schedules were compared in terms of global efficiency. As a result, it has been shown that ACA can provide fast and suitable solutions for decision makers in production planning.

Effects of β‐dextranase in raw natural rubber on the interface and performance of natural rubber/silica composites via simulation with an outer same protein

AbstractAs one of the non‐isoprene components in raw natural rubber (NR), proteins always act an important role to the final performance of the filled rubber composites. In this work, we involved a natural protein β‐dextranase externally to simulate the same protease in raw NR, and analyzed the effects of β‐dextranase content on the dispersion of silica particles, mechanical performance, viscoelastic loss of NR/silica composites. β‐dextranase acts with silica through an intense hydrogen bond interaction, which improves silica dispersion and strengthens the mechanical properties of NR/silica composites obviously when loading 4 wt% β‐dextranase, as well as the ameliorative UV aging resistance. As a consequence, the energy loss of the composites is decreased remarkably, showing great advantage in low rolling resistance tire. Besides, the results could offer the data reference to the breeding, deep processing and application of NR.

Interplay of regio-selectively modified dendritic silica particles with styrene-butadiene rubber: The route towards better tires with lower rolling-resistance and higher grip

The current study presents for the very first time to our knowledge the synthesis, characterization, and application of regio-selectively modified dendritic silica particles (RMDS) in tire rubber composites. So far, no study has ever reported mesoporous silica bringing greater mechanical properties than small fractal precipitated silica. With mechanical testing (DMA, tensile strength) and advanced imaging (TEM-EDS, HIM-SIMS, micro-CT), it was demonstrated that dendritic particles enable superior mechanical reinforcement of rubber-based nanocomposites without any drawback as usually reported with fractal fillers. On one side, their modified porous surface mimics the porous aggregates formed by classic fillers, enabling the rubber chains to permeate the pores and closely interact with the particles. On the other side, unlike fractal fillers, RMDS consist of single particles instead of aggregates, and therefore do not suffer as much from the Payne effect and irreversible dislocations under mechanical solicitations. Also, the excellent dispersibility of RMDS allows to combine them with small amount of fractal filler. Dual filler composite shows superior mechanical performances versus materials using one filler family, leading to higher reinforcement, better traction and rolling resistance indicators. The use of porous particles as “unbreakable” fillers for rubber with a small amount of fractal silica as additive fillers paves the way for novel reinforcing dual-filler systems to be used in disruptive tires technology.

ESBR Nanocomposites Filled with Monodisperse Silica Modified with Si747: The Effects of Amount and pH on Performance

To prepare silica/rubber composites for low roll resistance tires, a novel strategy was proposed in this study, in which autonomous monodisperse silica (AS) was prepared and modified using 3-mercaptopropyloxy-methoxyl-bis(nonane-pentaethoxy) siloxane (Si747), after which silica/emulsion styrene butadiene rubber (ESBR) master batches were produced using the latex compounding technique. Meanwhile, the commercial precipitated silica (PS) was introduced as a control. In this study, the effects of amount of Si747 and pH value on the properties of the silica/ESBR composites were systematically analyzed. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results indicated that Si747 reduced the silanol group by chemical grafting and physical shielding, and the optimum amounts of Si747 for AS and PS modification were confirmed to be 15% and 20%, respectively. Under a pH of 9, ESBR/modified AS (MAS) composites with 15% Si747 presented better silica dispersion and a weaker Payne effect, compared with ESBR/modified PS (MPS) composites with 20% Si747. Meanwhile, in terms of dynamic properties, the ESBR/MAS composites exhibited a better balance of lower rolling resistance and higher wet skid resistance than the ESBR/MPS composites.