Low Risk Level Research Articles

Stock Portfolio Optimization with Support of Python

: Securities business activities are understood as the activities of organizations, individuals, securities companies, stock brokers and other intermediary financial institutions in the stock market to perform operations. Securities trading aims to make a profit. A common task in portfolio management is to find the optimal investment portfolio according to the return and risk approach, that is, for the same level of risk, portfolio whose highest return gives is the optimal investment portfolio. Similarly, corresponding to the same predetermined rate of return, the portfolio with the lowest level of risk is the optimal investment portfolio. There are several popular data analysis tools today, including Python. This article will demonstrate the application of Python tools in data analysis to determine optimal stock investment portfolios.

Water Safety Practices Along the Water Service Chain in Addis Ababa: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cosmopolitan City.

This study investigated water safety practices and risk levels along Addis Ababa's water supply service chain. The data came from 23 random woredas, 384 random households, 115 microbiological water quality tests, and diagnostic inspections from source to point of use. Findings from this study indicate that the surface water sources (53%) and the water source catchments (62%) are characterized by very high-risk and high risk contamination levels respectively. Conversely, the water treatment process (5%) and temporary reservoir (20%) indicates a low risk level. Whereas the water distribution system (40%), water source boreholes (44%), and Household level (29%) water safety practices are identified as medium risk levels. The microbial analysis of the drinking water at the source and point of use indicated low (<11 CFU/100 ml) to high levels (>100 CFU/100 ml) of risk with significant levels of contamination at the household level. Moreover, the household-level water safety practice assessment revealed intermediate to very high levels of risks. The Chi2 test shows that water supply type is significantly associated with occupation(X2(12,384) = 23.44, P < .05) and education(X2(8,384) = 15.4, P < .05). Multinomial regression analysis also showed better occupation is associated with increased access to safe bottled water compared to safe piped water on premises. It can be concluded that the water safety practice encountered low to very high levels of risk of contamination at different components along the water supply service chain and the household level. This study suggests ways to improve Addis Ababa residents' health and well-being through water safety interventions. These include safeguarding water sources, supporting local safe water businesses, providing household water treatment, and handling options, and addressing the barriers and incentives for adopting safe water practices.

Optimization of Agricultural Economic Management Model and Risk Control Based on Marginal Analysis Approach

Abstract The basic feature of intertwining natural reproduction and economic reproduction in agricultural economic management determines its high risk. This paper calculates the marginal value of each variable input factor in the agricultural economic management mode through the total income function and analyzes the optimal combination between each variable input factor and agricultural output by combining with the theory of diminishing marginal returns so as to maximize the economic returns in the agricultural economic management mode and achieve the optimization of risk management and control in the agricultural economic management mode. The results of the example show that if the incremental index in the agricultural economic management model of Gansu Province is greater than the level of the previous year, the growth of expenses in the agricultural economy is considered effective. It is also found that the risk of natural disasters is the highest in the agricultural economic management model in Gansu Province, especially the average risk value of wind and hailstorms reaches 1.143, which is much higher than the risk of grain production (0.031), which has the lowest risk level. This paper provides an effective reference for optimizing the effective control of risk in the agricultural economic management model and lays the foundation for improving the economic efficiency of the agricultural economic management model.

Addressing Work Posture and Ergonomic Risk Factors in Traditional Batik-Making: A Case Study of MSME Batik Bakaran Juwana Workers

This research was conducted on batik-making workers. Based on observations, the batik process making is done manually using inappropriate work postures and repetitive movements that can trigger complaints musculoskeletal. This research aims to analyze work posture and ergonomic risk factors in the process of making batik. The research method used is WERA and NERPA. The research was conducted at 8 stations with 10 activities carried out by 43 workers. The results of the WERA method show that there are 2 activities at the low-risk level and 8 activities at a medium-risk level, so the activities require further research and need changes. While the NERPA method showed that there were three activities with a score of 3 namely, two activities with a score of 4, two activities with a score of 6, and three activities with a score of 7. Activities with scores of 6 and 7 not only require further investigation but also require changes. These activities are cloth dyeing, cloth dyeing in dyeing tubs, cloth dyeing in boiling furnaces, cloth washing and cloth drying. Proposed improvements include using a table, raising the water tank, raising the stove, providing a water tank, and lowering the height of the drying area.

The Effectiveness of an Information-Motivation Behavioral Skill Health Promotion Video on Health Status Among Chiang Mai University Personnel During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of the IMB Educational Health Promotion (IMBEHP) video for improving quality of life, health risk awareness, and health promotion among Chiang Mai University (CMU) personnel. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a 1-group pre-posttest design. The sample group included 528 CMU personnel who worked at the university between June 2020 and December 2021. Data collection was conducted before and after participants watched the IMB health promotion video. After watching the video, the participants' quality of life scores were at a medium level. Moreover, physical health, mental health, social relations, and total quality of life score measures showed statistically significant differences between before and after viewing, at P < .05. The mean total for quality of life increased from the prior intervention implementation. Understanding of health risks also increased after watching the video, and the levels of health risk increased as follows: low level of health risk increased to 343 (64.96%), followed by medium and high health risk, at 21.78% (n = 115) and 10.04% (n = 53), respectively. Lastly, awareness about nutrition was statistically significant at .05. The results of this study demonstrate the efficacy of video in educating, motivating, and developing health-promoting skills among this population. After watching the video, CMU personnel increased their awareness of chronic disease risk factors, health promotion practice, illnesses prevention, healthy behaviors, and improvement of quality of life.

Сентимент и стадное поведение частных инвесторов: кластерный анализ российского фондового рынка

In this paper, the sentiment of private investors and the divergence of opinions of users of online investment platforms are analyzed as factors in the emergence of herd behavior on the stock market in different clusters. This clusters are formed on the basis of stock exchange information on shares of Russian issuers. The relevance of the study lies in determining the significance of consensus periods and their impact on the behavior of different groups of investors on the Russian stock market depending on different levels of risk taking by investors. Based on the Russian stock market data for the period from 2019 to 2023, 66 discussed Russian stocks were analyzed. To conduct sentiment analysis, an algorithm was applied to collect and automatically classify textual data using machine learning methods. As proxies for private investor sentiment, metrics of logarithmic sentiment and market-wide divergence of opinions on the stocks under discussion were constructed. The testing of the research hypotheses was based on the implementation of clustering and quantile regression analysis methods. As a result, the significant role of divergence of opinions of Internet users in the formation of herd behavior of private investors on shares with lower average return and risk level was determined. It was also found that asset clustering helps to determine the opposite behavior of investors on stocks with higher volatility level. Consensus of opinions in the market is a signal to deviate from the general market trend. Finally, the test of the hypothesis about the significant influence of investor sentiment did not provide sufficient evidence that this kind of sentiment is important for determining herd behavior in the market.

Flood risk assessment of Kemang Area as a central business in South Jakarta

This paper presents a flood risk assessment of Kemang area which around 80 Ha as central business at South Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. It is crucial to asses this area as it well-known as central business that has high damaged due to affected by flooding. The objective of this study to know the current level flood risk in the area and then how structural interventions through improving drainage pumps capacity with 2 m3/s contribute to the its level. The rational method, HEC-RAS 2D, and GIS have applied for methods flood risk analysis in two years return period of rainfall (138 mm/day). Flood risks calculated based on hazard index, vulnerability index and capacity index in scale of 20 RT (neighbourhood associations). As the result, flood risk map show that the Kemang area has 65 % highly risk of flooding, 10 % in moderate level and the rest is low level risk of flooding. The current planning of structural intervention not significant to reduce risk level. Therefore, it needs more actions to reduce the flood risk level through both structural and non-structural measures such as normalization of drainage system, policy, social and private engagement.

Analisis Manajemen Risiko Pada Teknologi Informasi PT. Pos Indonesia Menggunakan ISO 31000

As a company operating in courier delivery, logistics, and financial transaction services, PT. Pos Indonesia cannot be separated from the use of information technology as a supporting asset for its business processes. The focus of this research is PT. Pos Indonesia Palembang 30000, which is the main branch of PT. Pos Indonesia in the city of Palembang. During the use of information technology, there are several recurring issues and risks, such as hardware damage, failure in data updates and backups resulting in data loss, and system failures caused by network infrastructure disruptions, rendering the system inaccessible to employees. Currently, PT. Pos Indonesia has not conducted a specific analysis and evaluation of risks related to information technology, which can pose a risk to the success of its business activities. This research utilizes ISO 31000 as a guide for risk management analysis. The results of this research consist of risk documentation, wherein out of 31 identified risks, there are 2 high-level risks, 26 medium-level risks, and 3 low-level risks. Identification of these 31 risks will be accompanied by recommendations or suggestions regarding risk management, which are expected to mitigate these risks and can be used for prevention of information technology-related risks at PT. Pos Indonesia in the future.

Study of psychosocial risk factors in companies in Cd. Obregón, Son. Mexico

The study of organizational and psychosocial aspects and their relationship with occupational health is not new, although it has acquired importance and recognition in recent years (Houdmont and Leka 2010; Näswall, Hellgren, Sverke, 2008). The objective of the study was to determine the level of exposure to severe traumatic events and psychosocial risks in local workers. The methodology is based on (Herrara, Medina, &amp; Naranjo, 2010) and the Prevention Technical Note 702 (INSST, 2005). As a result, it was obtained that medium-sized companies present a low risk level with 43.48% and 39.13% medium risk, on the other hand, large-sized companies obtained mostly low risk with 30.51% and medium risk with 25.42%. Of the people surveyed, 14.29% present severe traumatic factors and require clinical evaluation (8.99% men and 5.29% women). The conclusion of the study is that the size of the company does not have a direct influence and that the factors with the greatest influence and highest level of risk in both cases are related to the workload and the organization of time to carry out the work.

Application of safety tools to reduce accidents in the company Geos Ingenieros S.R.L. [Aplicación de herramientas de seguridad para reducción de accidentes en la empresa Geos Ingenieros S.R.L

The purpose of the development of this research was to determine the influence of the Safe Written Work Procedures (WSSP) operating in process activities on the reduction of accidents in a company Geos Ingenieros S.R.L. Therefore, the study was of the applied type with a descriptive approach. A population made up of workers from the various areas of the company was used. Likewise, non-probabilistic convenience sampling is used to calculate the sample size; Therefore, the sample would be made up of personnel from the company's security area. This resulted in the level of risks being significantly reduced, with critical risks being eliminated by 100%, low level risks being predominant by 90%, and moderate level risks by 10%, indicating so the number of accidents has been significantly reduced. Likewise, it was possible to improve the level of knowledge of the collaborators, the level of knowledge about the use of WSSP since it went from regular to excellent with 72%. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of WSSP has a positive impact, with a total decrease in accidents and better management of knowledge on safety issues.

Value at Risk in Banks on the Financial Digitalization Phenomenon

The purpose of this research is to measure risk, understand the function of risk management, and understand the effectiveness of implementing risk management in banks post the Covid-19 pandemic and the phenomenon of financial digitalization. The objects used in this research are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the research period 2020-2022. This research uses a sample of 42 banks are selected using a purposive sampling method. The research method used is measuring value at risk (VaR) using the historical simulation method. The results of the research show that the five banks that have the lowest level of risk are banks in the book IV category. The application of banking risk management to financial digitalization requires adaptability, innovation and inter-departmental cooperation. With a good approach, banks can mitigate emerging risks while optimizing the benefits of digital transformation in financial services.

Climate change and urban stormwater: vulnerability analysis of the 2010 floods in Lomé, Togo

This manuscript assesses the vulnerability to flooding between June and August 2010 in Lomé, Togo. To this end, we administered a survey to 312 inhabitants of different areas affected by flooding. The flood risk assessment methodology is based on the analysis of socio-economic indicators, risk exposure indicators, sensitivity indicators and indicators relating to the recovery capacity of flood victims. The analyses showed that 61.5% of respondents had no perception of the risk, compared with 38% who were aware of a very low level of risk compared with 2010. In addition, 84.2% of people living in areas vulnerable to flooding said they were not aware of the risk of flooding in their area. The government's assistance consisted of emergency supplies (food, medicines and temporary accommodation) for the most vulnerable sections of the population. The relevance of this research is not limited to understanding vulnerability to flooding, as it also brings new clarity to the relationship between urban management and socio-economic challenges. This research shows that vulnerability has been exacerbated by socio-economic insecurity and the inadequacy of sanitation facilities.

Safety of Large Language Models in Addressing Depression.

Background Generative artificial intelligence (AI) models, exemplified by systems such as ChatGPT, Bard, and Anthropic, are currently under intense investigation for their potential to address existing gaps in mental health support. One implementation of these large language models involves the development of mental health-focused conversational agents, which utilize pre-structured prompts to facilitate user interaction without requiring specialized knowledge in prompt engineering. However, uncertainties persist regarding the safety and efficacy of these agents in recognizing severe depression and suicidal tendencies. Given the well-established correlation between the severity of depression and the risk of suicide, improperly calibrated conversational agents may inadequately identify and respond to crises. Consequently, it is crucial to investigate whether publicly accessible repositories of mental health-focused conversational agents can consistently and safely address crisis scenarios before considering their adoption in clinical settings. This study assesses the safety of publicly available ChatGPT-3.5 conversational agents by evaluating their responses to a patient simulation indicating worsening depression and suicidality. Methodology This study evaluated ChatGPT-3.5 conversational agents on a publicly available repository specifically designed for mental health counseling. Each conversational agent was evaluated twice by a highly structured patient simulation. First, the simulation indicated escalating suicide risk based on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). For the second patient simulation, the escalating risk was presented in a more generalized manner not associated with an existing risk scale to assess the more generalized ability of the conversational agent to recognize suicidality. Each simulation recorded the exact point at which the conversational agent recommended human support. Then, the simulation continued until the conversational agent stopped entirely and shut down completely, insisting on human intervention. Results All 25 agents available on the public repository FlowGPT.com were evaluated. The point at which the conversational agents referred to a human occurred around the mid-point of the simulation, and definitive shutdown predominantly only happened at the highest risk levels. For the PHQ-9 simulation, the average initial referral and shutdown aligned with PHQ-9 scores of 12 (moderate depression) and 25 (severe depression). Few agents included crisis resources - only two referenced suicide hotlines. Despite the conversational agents insisting on human intervention, 22 out of 25 agents would eventually resume the dialogue if the simulation reverted to a lower risk level. Conclusions Current generative AI-based conversational agents are slow to escalate mental health risk scenarios, postponing referral to a human to potentially dangerous levels. More rigorous testing and oversight of conversational agents are needed before deployment in mental healthcare settings. Additionally, further investigation should explore if sustained engagement worsens outcomes and whether enhanced accessibility outweighs the risks of improper escalation. Advancing AI safety in mental health remains imperative as these technologies continue rapidly advancing.

Evaluation of Cooperative Risks in Eastern Visayas: Basis for the Development of Risk Management Manual

This study evaluated the risk exposure of cooperatives in Eastern Visayas as basis for the development of a comprehensive risk management manual. The research provided a detailed overview of cooperative profiles, encompassing factors such as membership, asset size, loan portfolio, savings/deposits, equity, and years of operation. The examination extended to the assessment of risk levels across institutional, financial, operational, and external dimensions. Employing a descriptive survey methodology, the study utilized a validated self-made survey schedule as the primary data-gathering instrument for risk assessment. Data analysis involved the application of statistical measures such as arithmetic mean, Pearson correlation, risk severity matrix, and standard deviation. The sample comprised thirty (30) credit and multi-purpose cooperatives, representing 75% of medium and large cooperatives in Leyte, Southern Leyte, Biliran, and Samar provinces. Results indicated an overall low risk level for cooperatives in the institutional, financial, operational, and external dimensions. Particularly, the financial aspect exhibited the highest mean score compared to other risk categories. Factors like the number of members, asset size, loan portfolio, and equity demonstrated significant correlations with identified risks, except for members' savings deposits and years of existence. The study highlighted that the top 5 specific risks carried a combination of high and medium probabilities and impacts. Mitigation strategies, including an internal control system and internal audit, emerged as crucial measures to manage these risks. These strategies were subsequently incorporated into the developed risk management manual, which is recommended for implementation by cooperatives as a proactive measure.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BASED ON PROFITABILITY AND SOLVENCY RATIO

This research aims to determine the comparative analysis of financial statements. PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk with PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. Based on the results of analysis of profitability and solvency ratios. This type of research data uses secondary data. Data collection techniques are based on literature and documentation from several journals and financial reports. Analysis The data used is profitability ratio analysis consisting of Return on Assets (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE). Then the solvency ratios are Total Debt To Equity Ratio and Total Debt To Total Asset Ratio. The research results show that PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk has a higher level of ability to obtain net profit after tax from the total assets it owns. PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa has a higher level of ability to obtain net profit after tax from the total equity it owns when compared to PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Based on the calculation results of the analysis, it can be seen that the Debt Equity On Ratio (DER) value of the two companies, it can be concluded that PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk has a lower level of debt risk when compared to PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Then, if we look at the Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR) analysis value, PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk has a lower level of debt risk when compared to PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk.

Assessment of depth wise distribution, enrichment, contamination, ecological risk and sources of soil heavy metals over an Industrial area in Southern India

Assessing the depth-wise distribution of heavy metals in soil can provide valuable insights into the extent of enrichment, contamination, and the possible sources of pollutants. A study was conducted in parts of Patancheru Industrial areas of Hyderabad, India to assess the vertical distribution of heavy metal content in soil, focusing on enrichment, contamination, and pollutant sources. Sixty soil samples from 15 sites, spanning four depths (0–15 cm, 15–30 cm, 30–50 cm, 50–100 cm) were analyzed for total Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Co and Ni concentrations. The concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Co, and Ni, regardless of the study depths and sites, range from 2570–10,667, 22.5–439, 11.6–47.2, 3.47–14.2, 5.53–31.7, 36.0–63.1, 2.99–17.5 to 10.5–47.3 mg kg−1respectively. The mean concentrations of all the measured heavy metals showed minor variation across depths, except for Zn and Pb. Moreover, the mean concentration of all the measured heavy metals at various soil depths was within the threshold or target limits except for total Ni. At certain sampling depths and locations, Ni content exceeded the permissible threshold of 35 mg kg−1 in the soil. Surface soils (0–15 cm) exhibited moderate to significant enrichment of Pb, Zn, Cr, and Co. The enrichment factor for the overall Pb concentration varies from 3.02 to 24.73, indicating a range of moderate to very high enrichment throughout the soil depths. Following Pb, Cr exhibits enrichment levels ranging from 2.31 to 9.35, while Co ranges from 1.07 to 5.58.The sites within the study area varied in contamination levels, spanning from moderate contamination to a slight degree of pollution, as assessed by the contamination/pollution index of each element. Principle component analysis and enrichment factor values show that Cu originated primarily from natural sources; while Pb and Cr were likely to be anthropogenic to purely anthropogenic and Zn, Mn, Ni, and Co had both crustal and like to be anthropogenic origins. The maximum and minimum ecological risk index (ERI) values were recorded for Pb and Zn content, respectively. The maximum PERI value of 15.8 was recorded in the study area, indicating a low ecological risk level. However regular monitoring of the heavy metal concentration in soils is recommended over the study area to maintain a low level of ecological risk via reclamation interventions.

ANALYSIS ON ERGONOMIC ISSUES AMONG UNIVERSITY’S ACADEMIC STAFF

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) was on the rise in Malaysia because of ergonomic issues. This research aims to analyse the factors that cause ergonomic issues among academic staffs in University Utara Malaysia (UUM), to observe the musculoskeletal pain among academic staffs at workplace in University Utara Malaysia (UUM). This research is conducted using the qualitative method where each respondent will be given a set of questionnaires to answer, and the researcher makes observation and semi structured interview. An assessment tool called the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) is used to assess the likelihood of developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) while doing particular job-related duties. There are 12 respondents participated in this research which they work as a academic staff under the School of Technology Management &amp; Logistic (STML) in University Utara Malaysia (UUM). The data that the researcher had collected and analyzed will be presented in the form of tables and graphs or both. The result shows that only 2 respondents have a medium risk level and corrective action is necessary, and the rest of the 10 respondents have low risk level and corrective action may be necessary. The findings of this research highlighted the ergonomic issues in the workplace of the academic staffs and raised the awareness about the importance of ergonomics.

ER2 risk levels and their association with incident falls, their recurrence and post-fall fractures in older women: Results of the EPIDOS study.

"Emergency Room Evaluation and Recommendations" (ER2) is a validated clinical tool which stratifies the risk of the occurrence of adverse outcomes in three levels (i.e., low, moderate and high) in older people attending emergency departments. This study examines the association of ER2 risk levels with incident falls, their recurrence and post-fall fractures in older community women. 7147 participants of the EPIDémiologie de l'OStéoporose (EPIDOS) study - an observational population-based cohort study - were selected. ER2 low, moderate and high risk levels were determined at baseline. Incident fall outcomes (i.e., one incident fall without fracture, one incident fall with fracture, ≥2 falls without fracture and≥2 falls with fracture) were collected prospectively every 4months over a 4-year follow-up period. The overall incidence of falls was 26.4.%, regardless of their characteristics. ER2 low risk level (hazard ratio (HR) ≤0.80 with P≤0.001) and high risk (HR≥1.26 with P≤0.001) were associated respectively with low and high incident fall outcomes, except for recurrent falls without fracture. ER2 low and high risk levels were associated with incident falls outcomes in EPIDOS participants, suggesting that the ER2 tool may be useful for stratifying the risk of falls in the older population.

OP129 A Cost-Utility Analysis Of Denosumab (Prolia®) For Treating Osteoporosis In Postmenopausal Women: A Swiss Healthcare Payer Perspective

IntroductionOsteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass and density, increasing skeletal fragility, and the risk of fragility fracture. Fragility fractures are associated with a high economic burden. Denosumab (Prolia®) is a pharmacological therapy used to treat osteoporosis and reduce the risk of fragility fracture. This study aimed to assess the cost effectiveness of denosumab, compared with other pharmacological therapies (oral bisphosphonates, intravenous [IV] ibandronate, zoledronate, raloxifene, and bazedoxifene) and no treatment, for treating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.MethodsA discrete event simulation model was developed using a lifetime time horizon. A Swiss healthcare payer perspective was adopted. Time-to-fracture distributions were derived from Swiss-specific Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®) probabilities. Reductions in the risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures due to treatment were informed by a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Cost-effectiveness frontier analysis was utilized. Pairwise incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) between denosumab and each comparator were also estimated. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to identify key drivers and explore the overall certainty of findings.ResultsAt a hypothetical willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of CHF100,000 (EUR101,630), IV ibandronate was the most cost-effective therapy in women aged 60 years who had a very high risk of fracture, and in women aged 70 or 80 years of any risk level. In women aged 60 years with a lower risk level, zoledronate was the most cost-effective option. Nevertheless, ICERs from pairwise comparisons between denosumab and some comparators (no treatment, bazedoxifene, raloxifene, and/or zoledronate depending on the cohort’s age and risk profile) were below the hypothetical WTP threshold. Higher intervention costs, smaller reductions in the risk of hip fracture, and shorter duration of residual benefit associated with denosumab contributed to the high ICER values seen in pairwise comparisons with oral bisphosphonates (as a class) and IV ibandronate.ConclusionsThe present evaluation supported the cost effectiveness of denosumab against some, but not all, comparators. Nevertheless, these results should be interpreted cautiously in light of uncertainty in the true effect of treatments on fracture risk.

Risk Perception of Healthcare Workers Regarding Polymer Medical Waste Management

Despite the relatively small amounts produced, medical waste is a significant issue for the government and the healthcare industry primarily because it poses threats to persons and the environment. Healthcare wastes pose threats to the environment and public health, but knowledge of these concerns and how they relate to management techniques is still lacking. Evaluating waste management practices and healthcare staff expertise is critical to identify shortcomings and lower risk levels. The study was conducted at three selected private hospitals. These three hospitals contain 462 beds, all together with 184 healthcare workers. The study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study, and three private healthcare institutions in the study region were evaluated. These 100 healthcare workers were chosen by purposive sampling. The hospitals under consideration include general surgical, Gynecological, pediatric, and various specialty treatments. Data was gathered for the study utilizing a quantitative questionnaire, which includes closed-ended structured questionnaires. The results showed that most healthcare workers practice waste segregation at source. Chemical cross-linking was very poor. However, waste shredding technology is being used substantially. Risk perception among Healthcare workers regarding polymer help waste management showed more of average to high risk. The study concluded that despite the existence of policies and plans, execution is still subpar at private healthcare institutions. The creation of guidelines for hospital waste management, their distribution to other institutions, and their encouragement to do a critical self-evaluation should all be required by the government.