Low-level Skills Research Articles

EDUKASI PENANGANAN BENIH CABAI KATOKKON PADA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI LEMBANG SANDANA, TANA TORAJA

The katokkon chili plant (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) is a crop commodity that has high economic value. This type of chili is suitable for planting in high-altitude areas such as the Tanah Toraja region. However, its productivity is still low compared to its production potential, which can reach tens of tons/ha. The low level of knowledge and skills of chili farmers is one of the problems in increasing the productivity of katokkon chilies. The service aims to educate katokkong chili farmers in Lembang Sandana on good seed treatment. The methods used are outreach activities, education, and training on how to treat katokkong chili seeds and make appropriate chili seedling media. Pre- and post-tests were carried out to measure the level of success in implementing activities. Socialization carried out with target partners and collaboration resulted in collaborative support by the head of the Lembang and target partners for implementing kosabangsa. The results of education and training show that 94% of target partners have understood and implemented seed treatment methods such as using growth regulators, soaking in warm water (hot water treatment) and sowing seeds in rockwool media, as well as making growing media using a ratio of buffalo manure. , top soil and husk (1:2:1, v/v) appropriately. The education carried out by the kosabangsa service team has increased the level of knowledge and skills of farmers regarding how to treat katokkon seeds properly

ANALYSIS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN SMALL AND MEDIUM TEXTILE INDUSTRIES IN MAJALAYA, WEST JAVA

The competitiveness of the textile industry is determined by the implementation of knowledge management. Therefore, this research aimed to describe and analyze the implementation of knowledge management in small and medium (SMEs) textile industry in Majalaya, West Java. An exploratory descriptive design was used with an inductive approach and qualitative methods. Data collection was carried out through interviews and observations, while the analysis was conducted through stages of data reduction, display, and conclusion. The results showed that SMEs textile industry in Majalaya, West Java did not implement knowledge management optimally. There were three internal problems, namely the low skill level of the workforce, low mastery of technology, and weak learning culture. The impact of the problem was the high dependence on the knowledge of the owner and supervisor, the occurrence of hostages between the owner, supervisor, and employees, and labor practices causing companies to lose potential workforce. In this context, the implementation of knowledge management experienced obstacles, such as lack of management and leadership support, weak learning culture, low mastery of information technology, limited technological infrastructure, lack of adequate training and education practices, and human resource management practices.

A comparative analysis of protective and promotive factors of at-risk youth in the community and in residential care settings in Israel

In this study, we explored the protective and promotive factors (e.g., life skills, hope, and mentoring relationships) among at-risk youth in the community in comparison to those in residential care. Our aim was to understand the mechanisms contributing to their resilience. The participants consisted of 373 at-risk adolescents aged 16–19, either placed in out-of-home care or living with their biological parents and receiving community-based treatment in Israel.The results revealed notable differences between youth in residential care and those in the community. Specifically, participants in residential care were significantly less likely to report having a mentor and showed lower levels of life skills. Through multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM), we uncovered that life skills played a mediating role in connecting youths' mentoring relationships with their hope within both groups. The discussion suggests the importance of considering both contextual and personal factors as integral components of intervention programs. This approach is applicable to both care settings and community programs designed for at-risk youth.

Self-efficacy of Data Literacy among Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Guangdong Province

The application of educational big data provides new basis for teachers to improve teaching and promote student development. However, there are still many challenges in using data to solve complex educational problems. Teacher data literacy has become the key to transforming educational data into effective teaching strategies. The study sought to gain a better understanding of the current state of primary and secondary school Teachers self-efficacy of data literacy and put forward some suggestions for teacher data literacy training. This study used a quantitative methodology. 813 primary and secondary school teachers from Guangdong Province, China, completed a questionnaire on self-efficacy of data literacy. (1) Primary and secondary school teachers reported significantly high levels of self-efficacy in data literacy (mean=3.624). Among the dimensions, the data awareness and ethics dimension had the highest self-efficacy (mean=3.738) and the data research dimension had a lower self-efficacy (mean=3.358). (2)There were significant differences in the primary and secondary school teachers’ self-efficacy of data literacy with different ages, educational backgrounds, and school locations. Primary and secondary school teachers generally recognized the importance of data literacy training. Older teachers who worked in rural schools and had low levels of education have the lowest level of self-efficacy for data literacy. For primary and secondary school teachers' low level of data analysis skills and weak data transformation strategy ability, teacher data literacy training adopts an embedded teamwork approach, integrating multiple resources to build a data team, integrating big data technology throughout the entire teaching process, and helping teachers to use new data and technologies to understand students' needs in a timely manner, to select teaching methods, and to solve real-world problems. It makes data literacy the foundation of teachers' teaching and promotes the development of all students.

Context matters: the importance of extra-mathematical knowledge in solving mathematical problems

Extra-mathematical knowledge is often overlooked when investigating mathematical skills. This study explores profiles of mathematical skills and associations with extra-mathematical knowledge and the understanding of complex sentences. The study involved 1,288 sixth-grade students (52.1% male) from 95 classes in 58 schools in Estonia. Students completed a math test as part of their regular lessons. The profiles of mathematical skills included students’ calculation skills, standard problems, and complex problems. Three distinct profiles of students emerged: students with high skill levels, students with average skill levels, and students with low skill levels. Students with high mathematical skills also had high extra-mathematical knowledge showing the crucial role of understanding the context of the math tasks in addition to having good mathematical skills.

The Influence of Organizational Agility on Customer Retention in Medium Scale Businesses in Nigeria

Firms that operate in the informal sector in most developing countries are technologically backward, with low levels of human resource skills, weak management systems and entrepreneurial capabilities, unavailability of appropriate and timely information, insufficient use of information technology, poor product quality and standardization, and unfriendly environmental production processes. This has impeded their ability to take on suitable organizational forms. This research sought to ascertain if there is a significant relationship between organisational agility and customer retention in medium-scale enterprises in the north-central zone of Nigeria. To achieve this objective, the variables were operationalized and a model was specified. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Data were gathered from primary sources and the study hypothesis was tested using the Multiple Regression Technique. From the result of the regression analysis, organizational agility was found to have a positive and significant relationship with customer retention in medium-scale enterprises in North-Central Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study recommended that enterprises should exploit the resources that generate their present value while also exploring new opportunities to adapt it to changing markets.

The Nature of Small Business Holders’ Vulnerability in Tanzania. A Case of Street Vendors in Dodoma City

This study has examined vulnerability of street vendors in its different forms and was conducted around Central Business District in locations; Nyerere square, Sabasaba, Majengo and Oneway. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative techniques within which quantitative aspect employed probability sampling while qualitative aspect employed non probability sampling. Data were collected using survey, interviews, and observations coupled with documentary review. The findings in this study reveal that street vendors disputes with LGA in Dodoma city erupt occasionally due to street vendors conduct their businesses in land spaces not originally meant for street vendors, there is neither legal defense nor advocacy for street vendors’ interests, there is also low level of awareness, business knowledge and skills among majority street vendors. It is recommended that there is a need for rational mainstreaming SVBs in policy, laws and by laws. Curbing the street vending vulnerability require halt of ad hoc and emergence-style of addressing street vendors’ vulnerability. This study argues that it is high time for street vendors be supported to establish strong organization for the purpose of effective advocacy and effective representation of street vendors without compromising urban land space use standards.

Strengthening the labour force participation of low-qualified individuals in Europe

This article addresses the labour market challenges faced by adults with low formal qualifications. While low-level formal qualifications are usually associated with a lower skill level, it is crucial to recognise the large heterogeneity of skills within the group of low-qualified individuals in all countries. Although better skills enhance the job opportunities of low-qualified workers, their lack of formal qualifications limits their job prospects, even if they are as skilled as more highly qualified workers. Their placement in low-skilled jobs has implications for their participation in further training. Limited access to adult training is primarily caused by employment in these low-skilled jobs rather than by differences in cognitive skills or motivation to learn. Policies should, therefore, focus on strategies that improve training opportunities in the workplace, and employers should consider modifying hiring methods to place greater weight on actual skills in addition to formal qualifications. Both approaches would, economically speaking, enable the utilisation of the existing skill potential of low-qualified adults and, socially, enhance the employment prospects of this group.

Specifics of socialization of children with autism spectrum disorders

IntroductionOne of the important tasks of modern education is the adaptation of children with autism spectrum disorders to the social space, which allows them to ensure their personal development and self-realization.ObjectivesStudy of the specifics of the socialization of children of preschool age with autism spectrum disorders.Methods The study involved 27 preschool children with autism spectrum disorders attending an educational institution for children with disabilities; 6 were girls and 21 were boys; 20 children with intact speech and 7 children with speech disorders. The following methods were used: “Map of manifestations of activity by A.M. Shchetinina, N.A. Abramova; “Map of observations of the manifestations of communicative abilities in preschool children” A.M. Shchetinina, M.A. Nikiforova; “Emotional faces” N.Y. Semago.ResultsIt was found that children with autism spectrum disorders have the greatest severity of such activity indicators as “is in a good mood” (1.67), “shows stubbornness” (1.56) and “shows great mobility” (1.56). Among the manifestations of communicative abilities in preschool children, the most developed parameter is: “sincere in his statements, in the manifestation of his feelings” (2,07). At the same time, the lowest expression of communication skills (0.96) in children with autism spectrum disorders is observed in terms of: “has organizational skills”, “the child seeks to understand the other, his thoughts, feelings”; “observant, sees and realizes the characteristics of other children and adults”. The least pronounced indicator is observed in the indicator of initiative; children do not show initiative in communication, have difficulty understanding and supporting the initiative of another child in an interaction situation. Children have a low level of operational communicative actions and skills: children are not expressive in communication, do not master verbal means of communication and are not able to maintain contact with communication partners.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the study confirm the need to develop and implement psychological and pedagogical programs aimed at developing social skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. This paper has been supported by the Kazan Federal University Strategic Academic Leadership Program.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Pelatihan Teknik Pengelasan dan Pengecatan Atomozing Bagi Santri Pesantren Anak Yatim Darul Hikmah Cot Yang-Kuta Baro Aceh Besar

Islamic boarding schools are traditional educational institutions that prioritize a religion-based curriculum. The Darul Hikmah Orphans Islamic Boarding School, located in Cot Yang Village, Kuta Barou District, Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh Province, faces the challenge of low levels of entrepreneurial skills in the field of welding and atomizing painting due to the absence of this material in their curriculum. To overcome this, atomizing welding and painting training was carried out at Islamic boarding schools, which aimed to improve students' hard skills in this field. This training is also planned to develop business units, including the establishment of atomizing welding and painting workshops. This atomizing welding and painting entrepreneurship training program is measured by several parameters, with the output being the basic welding technical skills obtained by the students. It is hoped that this program will produce entrepreneurs in atomizing welding and painting workshops that will benefit the environment of the Darul Hikmah Cot Yang Orphan Islamic Boarding School. The training implementation stages include welding and painting theory, occupational health and safety (K3), as well as practice and assistance in basic welding and painting, with the final product being a table. The training material was adopted from teaching welding and painting practices at Syiah Kuala Darussalam University-Aceh. The result of this training is an increase in participants' knowledge in welding and painting, as well as their ability to apply these processes by prioritizing K3 (Occupational Safety and Health).

MODERN DIGITAL TOOLS OF OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT

The article explores the options for implementing digital transformation tools in the operational management of business organizations to overcome the problems that arose as a result of a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine: market instability, reduction of markets due to the temporary occupation of the territory of Ukraine, a decrease in the number of customers and suppliers since a significant part of the population of Ukraine migrated abroad; the reduction of financial resources of business organizations, the existence of high prices for certain IT products and the low level of digital skills among employees. The advantages of digital products are explored, in particular, corporate communication systems such as Slack and Microsoft Teams, project management tools such as Jira and Trello, modern Ukrainian programs for interaction with consumers, such as KeyCRM and SalesDrive CRM, as well as the Weblium site builder, which is including it can realize synergy between various other services.

The Effectiveness of Collaborative Learning in Improving Higher Level Thinking Skills and Reflective Skills

Collaborative learning (CL) is a 21st century learning approach that can improve thinking skills among students. CL strategies can improve motivation, understanding, communication and social engagement. This study attempts to evaluate the extent to which CL improves Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) and reflective thinking (RT) abilities. This study involved 34 students in the final year of the bachelor’s degree at the Faculty of Education, UTM who took the subject SPM4342 (Multimedia Based Multimedia Development). This study uses a qualitative methodology based on discussion forums and online portfolios for rubric content analysis. Analysis of the findings of the study shows that CL improves HOTs and RT abilities. Five groups out of 9 groups increased the level of thinking skills from higher to lower. When the 4 groups are in an environment of lower-level thinking skills and after being tested on the 4 groups, they are found to be inactive in the online-based CL While reflective skills increase from lower-level skills (Stimulated Reflection = 3.33% decrease and Descriptive Reflection I = 8.6% decrease) to higher-level skills (Descriptive Reflection II = 16.5% increase and Dialogic Reflection = 13.3% increase). In short, CL strategies can improve understanding and directly improve students' cognitive abilities.

The effectiveness of the SPjBL learning model in improving creative thinking skills of electrical engineering students

One of the problems that is often encountered in the current study of the electrical engineering department is students’ low level of creative thinking skills. Therefore, this study aimed to test the effectiveness of the Sustainable Project Based Learning (SPjBL) learning model in improving the creative thinking skills of electrical engineering students. The experimental model used in this research was classroom action research. The research method used was an experiment with data obtained from 69 respondents from two groups of students. The obtained data were analyzed using an independent t test and NGain Score. The results showed that the SPjBL learning model was effective in improving the thinking skills of electrical engineering students. Furthermore, this research is expected to provide a comparison in determining the type of learning model that is suitable for teaching-learning activities at schools.

Post-discharge nutritional management for patients with coronary heart disease and frailty: a qualitative study

BackgroundFrail elderly patients experience physiological function and reserve depletion, leading to imbalances in their internal environment, which increases the risk of coronary heart disease recurrence and malnutrition. However, the majority of these patients, who primarily have a low level of education and lack self-management skills, face difficulties actively dealing with obstacles during the transition period after their discharge from hospitalization. Therefore, it is necessary to understand and discuss in depth the nutrition management experience of discharged elderly patients with coronary heart disease and frailty (ages 65-80 years old) and to analyze the promoting and hindering factors that affect scientific diet behavior during the discharge transition period.MethodsFifteen elderly patients with coronary heart disease and frailty who had been discharged from the hospital for 6 months were interviewed using a semistructured method. The directed content analysis approach to descriptive research was used to extract topics from the interview content.ResultsAll participants discussed the problems in health nutrition management experience of discharged. Five topics and ten subtopics were extracted, such as ①Weak perceptions and behaviors towards healthy eating (personal habit solidification, negative attitudes towards nutrition management), ②Lack of objective factors for independently adjusting dietary conditions (reliance on subjective feelings, times of appetite change), ③Personal hindrance factors (memory impairment, deficiencies in self-nutrition management), ④Expected external support (assistance care support, ways to obtain nutritional information), ⑤Lack of continuous nutrition management (interruption of professional guidance, avoidance of medical treatment behavior).ConclusionsNutrition management after discharge places a burden on elderly patients with coronary heart disease and frailty. According to the patients' physical conditions, we should develop a diet support system that is coordinated by individuals, families and society.

Theory of Mind and Social Informant Discrepancy in Autism.

When autistic youth are asked to assess their own social skills, they frequently rate themselves more favorably than their parents rate them. The magnitude of this informant discrepancy has been shown to relate to key clinical outcomes such as treatment response. It has been proposed that this discrepancy arises from difficulties with Theory of Mind. Participants were 167 youth 11 to 17years old; 72% male, and their parents. Youth completed self-report measures of social skills and social cognitive tasks, while their parents completed questionnaires regarding social skills. A repeated-measures ANOVA indicated both non-autistic and autistic youth rated themselves more favorably than their parents rated them across all measures. Zero-order correlations revealed that raw differences between parent- and participant-report were negatively correlated with scores on parent-reported Theory of Mind measures. However, polynomial analysis did not indicate interaction effects between parent- and participant-report on any of the measures used. Polynomial regression revealed that increases in parent-reported social skill predicted larger increases in parent-report Theory of Mind at low levels of parent-reported social skill compared to high levels of parent-reported social skill. Participant-report social skills predicted performance on a behavioral Theory of Mind test in a curvilinear fashion, such that the relationship was positive at low levels of participant-reported social skills, but negative at high levels. This study replicates the finding that raw difference score analyses may result in illusory effects that are not supported when using more contemporary analysis methods, and that more complex and subtle relationships between social insight and perspective-taking exist within autistic youth.

Computer and ICT Skills Level of Small-Scale Business Organization Employees: Basis for Company Intervention Program

An increasing number of businesses now rely on computer technology to complete tasks. For this reason, possessing computer skills has become increasingly crucial This study aimed to assess the computer and ICT skills of employees in small-scale business organizations. The researcher administered a survey questionnaire to a purposive sample of 28 employees from small-scale business organizations, and the quantitative data gathered was organized and processed using SPSS version 17.0. The explanatory design employed unstructured interviews with non-probability sampled respondents to collect qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used to establish themes arising from the qualitative responses. Findings revealed that employees in these organizations have a low level of competence in performing office tasks, such as basic computer operations, file management, word processing, database use, and network use. There are no significant differences in computer and ICT skill levels among employees in small-scale business organizations when grouped by educational attainment, length of service, and gender. Based on the interviewees' responses, common themes emerged, such as poor internet connectivity, an unreliable power supply, a lack of funds to purchase gadgets that can access the internet, a lack of knowledge and interest in learning, and a lack of time to attend a short program related to computers and ICT are the reasons for low levels of computer and ICT skills. Tutorials and self-study are common strategies employees use to accomplish assigned tasks in the office.

Can early schooling at age 2 narrow the gaps in child development? Evidence from the French Elfe cohort

ABSTRACT This article assesses the effects of early schooling in France, where children can access school-based preschool programmes from the age of 2. The aim of this policy is to increase readiness for school, and it especially targets children from disadvantaged areas. We use the Elfe cohort survey to estimate the effect of the policy on child development outcomes at age 3.5 and the contribution it makes to reducing developmental gaps among children. We controlled for a rich set of potential confounding variables, including children’s baseline level of development. Using OLS regressions, we find that early schooling has a positive effect on motor skills, language skills, and knowledge of letters and numbers and to a lesser extent on social and self-help skills. Conversely, however, it has no effect on non-verbal reasoning abilities. We also find that disadvantaged children and those with a low level of skills at age 2 benefit more from early schooling. We also use logistic regressions to show that socially disadvantaged children and high-skilled children are more likely to access early schooling. We conclude that to make a more effective contribution to reducing gaps in child development, early schooling should be made more accessible to low-skilled children.

Worker and workplace determinants of employment exit: a register study

BackgroundWorkers with chronic illness are in higher risk of unemployment. This article investigated the worker and workplace characteristics associated with labour market inclusion for workers with a diagnosed chronic illness.MethodsLinked...

Formation of the foreign language competence of future physical education teachers when working with digital didactic flash cards

The problem and the aim of the study. Modernization of higher education opens up new prospects for the use of electronic resources in ensuring the quality of foreign language education. The use of interactive tools (simulators, flash cards, virtual boards) meets the requirements for training programs of physical education teachers and the challenges of the international sports movement. The purpose of the work is to study the possibilities of using digital flash cards in training future physical education teachers to develop their foreign language communicative competence. Research methods. The study involved 54 first- and second-year students of Vyatka State University (Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology) (Russian Federation). Training program: 44.03.01 Pedagogical education, Physical education and sports (bachelor's degree level). The Quizlet online platform was used to work with digital flash cards. The test contains questions grouped into the blocks “Digital educational technologies” and “Foreign language in communication (physical education and sports)”. For statistical processing of data, the Pearson's chi-squared test was used. Results. The system of working with flash cards in foreign language professional communication of physical education teachers is described: studying the functionality, working with ready-made sets of cards, automating and improving lexical units, developing thematic sets. A special feature of the program is the adaptation of its content to the specifics of the field of study. In independent work and online collaboration, students of the experimental group used Flashcards, Speller, Scatter, Quizlet Live modes. Statistically significant differences in the qualitative changes that occurred in the level of foreign language training were determined (χ2 = 8.179; p < 0.05). In conclusion, the possibilities of including flash cards in the training of physical education teachers are formulated: competition and receiving positive emotions; resources for self-development, etc. Difficulties are also highlighted: low initial level of language qualification and digital skills; different motivation; dependence of the learning process on sports specialization.

Competency Assessment on Gram Stain Examination and Interpretation Among Medical Laboratory Professionals Working in Selected Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Laboratory test results are the cornerstone for patient diagnosis and treatment. Gram staining is a classic laboratory test method used to differentiate between bacteria. Competence assessment can help identify gaps and provide suggestions to academics, researchers, and policymakers to address competency gaps. In Ethiopia, there is no evidence of competency assessment by medical laboratory professionals using the Gram-staining technique. To assess the competency of medical laboratory professionals on Gram stain examination and interpretation in selected hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the competency of medical laboratory professionals on Gram stain examination and interpretation from September 2015 to December 2017. Of 190 participants, 55 (28.9%) participants scored low knowledge, 131 (68.9%) scored medium knowledge, and only 4 (2.1%) respondents scored high knowledge. From the study variables, education level, supervision by regional or federal government bodies, and training about Gram staining were significantly associated with the knowledge level of study participants. Forty eight (25.3%), 78 (41%), and 64 (33.7%) participants scored low, medium, and high skill level, respectively, from a total of 190 participants. From skill level analysis, hospital type, microscope type, and availability of health information resources were significantly associated with skill levels. There were 44 observations (4%) with major errors and 321 observations (28%) with very major errors from all 1140 observations. Of all observations, 321 (28.2%) reported without grading, 39 observations (3.4%) reported gram-positive bacteria as gram-negative bacteria, and 15 observations (1.4%) reported gram-negative bacteria as gram-positive bacteria. The current study found that most medical laboratory professionals work without supervision or refresher training in Gram stain examination and interpretation. Hence, medical laboratory professionals' knowledge and skill levels are unsatisfactory. Regular competence assessments, training, and follow-up are necessary to improve the professional competence in medical laboratories.