Lower Levels Of Psychological Well-being Research Articles

Особенности психологических защит и копинг-стратегий у педагогов дошкольных образовательных учреждений с разным уровнем психологического благополучия

<p>The aim of the work was to identify the features of psychological defenses and coping strategies among teachers of preschool educational institutions with different levels of psychological well-being. The study involved 62 educators of preschool educational institutions in the city of Rostov-on-Don, the city of Aksai and the village of Rassvet, Rostov Region. The following methods were used: “Scale of psychological well-being” by K. Riff, technique for measuring psychological defense by E.R. Pilyugina, R.F. Suleimanov, questionnaire “Types of orientations in difficult situations” by E.V. Bityutskaya, A.A. Korneeva. As a result of the study, it was found that teachers with a high level of psychological well-being more often use adaptive psychological defenses, teachers with an average level of psychological well-being more often use psychological defense of the infantile type, teachers with a low level of psychological well-being more often use psychological defense of the psychotic, as well as infantile and neurotic types. Teachers of preschool educational institutions with a high level of psychological well-being are distinguished by their preference for coping strategies related to the type “Orientation towards rapprochement, interaction with difficulty.” Teachers of preschool educational institutions with an average and, especially, a low level of psychological well-being tend to be more inclined to use coping strategies related to the type “Orientation towards leaving and moving away from difficulties.” It is recommended to use the results of the study in psychoprophylactic and psychocorrective work with preschool teachers.</p>

Family functioning, family relationship problems, and psychological wellbeing among young adults

The study aims to examine the relationship between family functioning, family relationship problems, and psychological well-being among young adults in the southern region of India. The data was collected from a total 265 young adults aged 18 – 26 years old, through both online and offline means i.e. hybrid method was used. Using a quantitative non-experimental design, employing correlation analysis, data was analyzed. The measures that were used in the study were Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES III), the Index of Family Relations (IFR), and Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB) – 42items. The finding of the study show that there was indeed a significant relationship between family cohesion, a subdomain in family functioning and the domains of psychological wellbeing. However, no significant relationship was observed between family adaptability, another subdomain in family functioning and the domains psychological well-being. Conversely, family relationship problems showed a significant negative correlation with various aspects of psychological well-being, indicating that higher levels of family conflict were associated with lower levels of psychological well-being. In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of addressing family dynamics and conflict resolution strategies to promote the psychological well-being of young adults.

Professional quality of life, psychological well-being, and work engagement of healthcare professionals in two Greek hospitals during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of healthcare professionals has emerged as an issue of great concern. To investigate the levels of professional quality of life, psychological well-being, and work engagement among healthcare professionals in two Greek hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2021 in two public hospitals in Greece. To assess the levels of professional quality of life, psychological well-being, and work engagement, respondents completed the Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 (ProQOL-V), the Psychological Well-being (PWB) scale, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17). A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed, and 102 were returned (response rate: 68%). It was found that as burnout levels increased, the levels of work engagement decreased (rho = -0.36, p-value < 0.01). Higher levels of compassion satisfaction were associated with higher work engagement (rho = 0.48, p-value < 0.01). Multivariable analysis revealed that healthcare personnel's contact with patients or service users exposed to or who have experienced traumatic events was associated with less positive relationships with others (and, consequently, lower levels of psychological well-being) (p-value = 0.035). Healthcare professionals in the two public hospitals in Greece, experienced moderate levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their psychological well-being was also found to be moderate, and their levels of work engagement were moderate to high. Supporting the physical and psychological well-being of healthcare professionals is essential for their ability to provide high-quality care in times of crisis, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Личностные особенности студентов с разным уровнем психологического благополучия

The article presents the study of personality traits of psychological wellbeing of students in the 2022/23 academic year (during Russia’s Special Military operation). The study has revealed that only a small part of the students in the sampling had a high level of psychological wellbeing, and almost a third of them had a low level of psychological wellbeing. The study has found significant differences among the students with various subjective indices of psychological wellbeing. Correlations between integral indices of psychological wellbeing and students’ personality traits have been found. The following predictors of psychological wellbeing have been revealed: emotional instability, external locus of control, avoidance coping strategy (they predict the decrease of psychological wellbeing), and extraversion, self-control, expressiveness, seeking social support coping strategy (they predict the increase of psychological wellbeing).

Исследование связи личностного ресурса и психологического благополучия студентов на начальном этапе обучения в вузе

&lt;p&gt;The study on the psychological well-being of students is becoming one of the key priorities in educational institutions, especially during changes in society. The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between personal and family resources and the psychological well-being and life satisfaction of student youth. The following methods were used in the study: Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Life Satisfaction Scale, Well-Being Index, Tolerance-intolerance of Ambiguity Questionnaire, Hardiness Survey, General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Self-Control Scale, Life Meaning Orientations Test, Author&amp;rsquo;s questionnaire with 15 questions and a closed list of possible answers. 41 students aged 18 to 21 years took part in measurements using these methods. The study was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, possible correlations between psychological well-being and indicators of personal and family resources were assessed for the entire group of respondents. At the second stage, in order to differentiate students by level of psychological well-being, two groups were identified: students with a high level of psychological well-being and students with a low level of psychological well-being. Mathematical and statistical analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation analysis, ranking procedures, and the method of constructing regularized networks of partial correlations. The study found that students with high levels of life satisfaction and psychological well-being exhibited more pronounced personal resources, such as self-efficacy, vitality, control and a positive attitude towards others and themselves. They also have clear goals in life and are quite satisfied with their implementation. A connection has been established between students' well-being and tolerance for uncertainty. The higher the level of psychological well-being, the more students are inclined to accept uncertainty, change and strive to solve complex problems. The results of the study emphasize the importance of personal and family resources, as well as students' positive attitudes towards themselves and others in achieving a high level of psychological well-being. They also indicate the importance for psychological well-being of the factor of tolerance to uncertainty associated with good health and the desire to develop and solve difficult life problems. The preservation of the psychological well-being of young people in educational settings is facilitated not only by the increase in personal resources, but also by the functional role of the teacher, thoughtful, well-organized design of the educational environment.&lt;/p&gt;

Tolerance to ridiculous impacts in school children with a great range of psychological well-being

The impact of the psychological well-being level of high school seniors on their tolerance for cognitive load was analyzed. The study involved 93 students: 45 males and 48 females – 11th-grade students from Dnipro (Ukraine), who were categorized into three groups based on their level of psychological well-being: I – individuals with a high level of psychological well-being, II – individuals with an average level of psychological well-being, and III – individuals with a low level of psychological well-being. To determine the level of psychological well-being, the "Scales of Psychological Well-Being" (SPWB) questionnaire was used, adapted by T.D. Shevelenkova and P.P. Fesenko. Cognitive load was assessed using the correction test by V.Ya. Anfimov and arithmetic tasks, allowing the evaluation of the ability to perceive significant information. Task performance efficiency was determined by the number of correctly solved tasks in 5 minutes (accuracy) and the total number of tasks completed (speed of execution). The level of tolerance to cognitive load was assessed using E.P. Il'in's tapping test modified by G.V. Okhromiy. Tolerance to cognitive load was evaluated based on the difference in the lability of the nervous system before and after the test. Statistical processing was conducted using the Statistica 6.0 application program for Windows. It was found that students with average and high levels of psychological well-being demonstrated better tolerance to cognitive load than students with a low level of psychological well-being. At a low level of psychological well-being, males exhibited a moderate-low type of nervous system and average lability of nervous system processes, while females showed a weak type of nervous system and low lability of nervous system processes.

Association of Negative Life Events and Psychological Well-being among Paramedical Staff

Background: Paramedical staff are essential to healthcare services and often encounter negative life events that can influence their psychological well-being. This research aimed to elucidate the connection between negative life events and the psychological well-being of paramedical personnel in Multan City, Punjab, Pakistan.&#x0D; Methods: The study utilized a correlational research approach and involved a purposive sample of 196 paramedical staff from multiple medical institutions. The Negative Life Events Scale (Wills et al., 1992) and the Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff &amp; Keyes, 1995) were used as study instruments. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between the specified variables.&#x0D; Results: The analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between negative life events and psychological well-being (r = -0.48, p &lt; 0.01). Negative life events were found to be a significant predictor of psychological well-being, explaining 23% of the variance in well-being assessments. The paramedical staff who experienced a higher frequency of negative life events reported lower levels of psychological well-being.&#x0D; Conclusion: The results of this study shed light on the importance of addressing the negative impact of life events on the psychological well-being of paramedical staff. These findings serve as a call to action for the development of specialized interventions and support structures that can help these healthcare professionals cope with the effects of these events. By proactively addressing these concerns, institutions can create a more supportive environment for staff and improve their overall well-being. These insights have the potential to inform institutional policies, support mechanisms for staff, and future research into mental health considerations in healthcare environments.

Личностные особенности несовершеннолетних с делинквентным поведением

Abstract: Introduction. The urgency of the research issue due to the consistently high level of juvenile delinquency, the growth of repeat offences is substantiated. The results of the empirical examination conducted in the period from December 2018 to May 2022 with the participation of 103 juveniles who&#x0D; committed criminal and administrative thefts are presented.&#x0D; Methods. The following psychodiagnostic tools were chosen: standardised multifactor method of personality research (L.N. Sobchik), method of diagnosing the tendency to deviant behaviour (A.N. Orel); sensation search scale (M. Zuckerman); method of subjective feeling of loneliness (D. Russell, L. Peplo and M. Ferguson).&#x0D; Results. The author concludes that committing a crime occurs with various leading personality characteristics of a minor. However, there is a number of characteristics peculiar to the examined minors with delinquent behaviour, which form the mechanism of « committing crimes»: expressed need for sensations, traumatic experience, feeling of loneliness, low level of psychological well-being, distorted ideas about one’s own future. The ideas about one’s own future are expressed in the shift of value orientations from pro-social to destructive and escape from reality. Temporal perspectives are characterised by short-term periods accompanied by the desire for easy gain. This can act as a predictor of further unlawful behaviour.&#x0D; The delinquent potential of minors is supported by various deviations in behaviour: from addiction to open opposition to the norms of law. The identified forms of deviant behaviour for minors provide personal selfrealisation, which allows them to maintain a high level of self-esteem. Minors with delinquent behaviour are characterised by an intense feeling of loneliness and a sense of their own insignificance, leading to an accumulation of negative emotions and, as a consequence, disturbances in interaction in the social environment. The need for feelings as one of the characteristics of minors with delinquent behaviour is implemented in situations of disregard for social norms, which, in the absence of appropriate and timely forms of psychologically corrective work, can lead to the consolidation of delinquent behaviour.

Examination of the level of tolerance of uncertainty and psychological wellness of patients with epilepsy

AimThis study was conducted to examine the level of intolerance of uncertainty and the psychological well-being of patients with epilepsy (PWE). MethodsThis descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 201 patients in a university hospital in Van, which is a province in eastern Turkey. Personal information form, intolerance of uncertainty scale, and the psychological well-being scale were prepared by the researcher in line with the literature and used to collect data. An independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc (Tukey, LSD), correlation, and regression analyses were used to analyze the data. ResultsIn this study, the mean total score of PWE for the intolerance to uncertainty scale was found as 37.144 ± 9.202. Among the sub-dimensions, the mean prospective anxiety score was found as 21.821 ± 5.416 and the mean inhibitory anxiety score was 15.323 ± 4.695. The mean total score of the psychological well-being scale was found as 28.975 ± 6.622. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between the total score of the intolerance of uncertainty scale and the total score of the psychological well-being scale of the PWE who participated in the study (F = 14.314; p = 0.000 < 0.05). It was observed that the total score of intolerance of uncertainty was decreased as the total level of psychological well-being was increased (ß = −0.186). ConclusionIt was found that PWE had higher levels of intolerance of uncertainty and lower levels of psychological well-being. It was also determined that the total score of psychological well-being was decreased as the total score of intolerance of uncertainty was increased. RecommendationsFor preventing the negative consequences of intolerance of uncertainty in PWE, it is recommended to inform nurses to increase the level of psychological well-being as a result of raising awareness about their concerns by conducting studies to increase the level of intolerance to uncertainty. It is also recommended to carry out studies on intolerance of uncertainty and psychological well-being in advanced and larger sample groups.

Psychological Well-being and Quality of Life among the Indigenous Elderly Ecuadorians

The current study aims to measure the levels of psychological health and life satisfaction among older persons in Ecuador. There were 280 elderly people from the Ca&amp;ntilde;ari indigenous village of Cuenca, Ecuador whose ages ranged from 65 to 100 (Mage = 1.4643, DE =.49962) were assessed through online interviews conducted over the phone and email. A study using sociodemographic records, Ryff Psychological well-being questionnaires, and WHOQOL AGE found low and very low levels of psychological well-being and quality of life in the elderly population. The study concluded that there is no direct relationship between these factors.

Relationship between impaired attachment type and dark triad traits in patients with borderline personality disorder (pilot study)

The study shows how insecure attachment types (anxious and avoidant) are associated with traits of the «dark triad» (narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism) in a sample of patients with borderline personality disorder. It was found that among the respondents, the greatest relationship was found in individuals with a predominance of the anxious type of attachment, who showed a statistically significant sharpening of such traits as: impulsiveness, manipulativeness, lack of sympathy and empathy («psychopathy»). And weakly expressed, relative to the sample, traits of demonstrativeness, egocentrism, inflated self-esteem (“narcissism”) and “Machiavellian” traits: a weak focus on moral standards, fixation on personal gain. There were no reliable data on the relationship between the avoidant type and dark triad traits in the course of the study, however, avoidant and anxious types are significantly correlated with low levels of psychological well-being among patients with borderline personality disorder.

A Comparative Study on Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Psychological Wellbeing Among Orphan and Non-Orphan Adolescents

Background: Orphans, other vulnerable children, and adolescents living in institutions are more susceptible to developing behavioral and emotional problems because they lack the love and care of a family. The current study intends to investigate stress, anxiety, and depression in orphans living in the chosen orphanages in Mysuru, Karnataka. Methodology: Descriptive research methods were implemented in this research. A total of 200 adolescents made up the representative sample, including 100 orphans and 100 non-orphans. The data were taken from numerous orphanages and schools located in the city of Mysore. The samples were chosen using purposive sampling techniques. The level of depression, anxiety, and psychological well-being among orphans was examined using a standardized interview schedule. A structured interview schedule that includes socio-demographic factors, stress, depression, and anxiety as well as the Ryff psychological well-being questionnaire were the instruments used for data collection. The analysis of data was done using version SPSS, 24.00. Results: The majority of respondents (100%) belonged to 14-18 years of age, and most of the orphans had severe and extremely severe depression anxiety, and stress compared to non-orphans. And there is a significant difference between study variables among the orphan and non-orphan groups. Conclusion: While compared to non-orphans, orphan adolescents have a high level of Depression anxiety, and stress and a low level of psychological well-being. So, there is a need to provide intervention for orphans to improve their psychological well-being.

Which hierarchy matters? Subjective social status, status incongruence and well-being among high-skilled Mainland Chinese migrants in Hong Kong

We assessed how the high-skilled migrants’ statuses in Mainland China and Hong Kong and the discrepancies between the two statuses are related to their well-being outcomes. We used respondent-driven sampling method and obtained an analytical sample of 2,864 participants. The majority of the high-skilled migrants perceived higher status in Mainland China than in Hong Kong which is more consequential for their health and well-being. Compared to those who perceived similar statuses in the two locations, migrants who perceived different statuses tended to report lower levels of psychological well-being, providing evidence to the detrimental effects of status inconsistency.

NURSING STUDENT’S VIEWS ON THE DUTY OF CARE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN TWO COUNTRIES

Background: The shortage of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic made it necessary to recruit nursing students to provide care. Although research suggests that the care that students provided was invaluable, their views on ethical concerns and dilemmas related to the duty of care remain unexplored.Objectives: Using predefined hypotheses, a cross-sectional study was conducted to explore students’ well-being and views on the duty of care.Method: Between May and June 2020, Chilean and Spanish nursing students participated in a web-based survey, including the 5-Item WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and views on the duty of care reported through a scale related to beliefs about pandemics. Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 tests, and multivariable log-linear analysis were used to explore differences between nursing students in Spain and Chile and to examine the relationships between categorical variables.Results: Students (N = 183) from both countries self-reported low levels of psychological well-being (WHO-5, M = 10.8, SD = 4.3). Concerning ethical statements, although most students from both countries (71%) agreed that nurses and doctors have a duty of care, significant differences were found concerning the statement that every healthcare worker has a duty to work during a health emergency (39% agreement in Chile and 74% in Spain; p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Students reported emotional and ethical challenges associated with the pandemic. Besides receiving help to deal with ethical challenges and given that a significant proportion of students from both countries reported low well-being, we recommend developing strategies to mitigate and enhance students’ well-being.

Study protocol of ConquerFear-HK: a randomised controlled trial of a metacognition-based, manualised intervention for fear of cancer recurrence among Chinese cancer survivors

IntroductionFear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a prevalent and frequently debilitating response to a cancer diagnosis, affecting a substantial proportion of cancer survivors. Approximately 30% of local Hong Kong Chinese...

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЕ КАК УСЛОВИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ САМОРЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПЕДАГОГОВ

The article contains the results of empirical research, proving the relationship between psychological well-being and self-realization of the personality of teachers. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that at present, in connection with socio-political transformations in society, the requirements for a teacher, for the competence of a teacher in the field of education, upbringing and development of the younger generation, are significantly increasing. The high intellectual and emotional workload of pedagogical work adversely affects the preservation of the psychological health of specialists, worsening the opportunities for professional self-realization and the performance of high-quality pedagogical activities. At the same time, according to the authors, one of the conditions for successful self-realization of a teacher in professional activities is psychological well-being. The statistics of modern research on the problem of professional deformations shows a significant increase in teachers prone to emotional burnout and professional destruction. The most diverse aspects of these phenomena are considered, from the prerequisites and factors of burnout to their consequences on various spheres of life of pedagogical workers, while the problem of the relationship between psychological well-being and professional self-realization was not the subject of a separate study. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study on the designated problem was a systematic approach developed by domestic researchers B.F. Lomov, V.S. Merlin, V.D. Nebylitsin, A.I. Krupnov and others; polysystemic concept of self-realization of personality S.I. Kudinov (2014), as well as the concepts of psychological well-being and health (Argyle, 2003; Andreenkova, 2010; Kulikov, 2000; Karapetyan, 2014; Pahol, 2017; Ryff, Singer, 2008). For the study of psychological well-being, the questionnaire “Scales of psychological well-being” by K. Riff Lepeshinsky, (2007) and the questionnaire “Health, activity, mood” by Doskin, Lavrentyeva, Sharai, Miroshnikov, (1973) were used. For the study of professional self-realization, the “Multidimensional Questionnaire of Self-Realization of the Personality” by Kudinov (2012) was used. The results of the study on a sample of 219 teachers, followed by mathematical and statistical analysis, made it possible to establish statistically significant relationships between indicators of psychological well-being and self-realization components: creativity, optimism, achievement motivation, transformation attitudes and satisfaction with the quality of life. In general, a direct relationship was revealed between a high level of well-being and the success of teachers' self-realization in the professional field. At the same time, a correlation was found between a low level of psychological well-being and the characteristics of self-realization: external self-regulation, adaptation attitudes, inertia and conservatism. The empirical data obtained prove the assumptions about the dependence of the discussed phenomena and can become a prerequisite for further research in this area, and individual results of the article can serve as the basis for the development of psychological programs to support teachers at different stages of professionalization.

Связь учебной мотивации и психологического благополучия в младшем школьном возрасте

&lt;p&gt;The article presents data on the psychological well-being of primary school-age children with different types of academic motivation. The study involved 87 students of the 3rd-4th grades of Moscow secondary schools (41 boys and 46 girls). The questionnaires "Academic self-regulation" SRQ-A (modification and approbation on the Russian-language sample of T.O.Gordeeva, O.A.Sychev, M.F.Lynch), "Scale of psychological well-being of children aged 8-12 years" PWB-c (adaptation by D.V.Lubovsky, N.S.Milova), the projective technique "Unfinished sentences", allowing to identify indicators of motivation and psychological well-being (positive and negative aspects of children's lives). Positive connections of psychological well&amp;ndash;being and components of its structure with intrinsic educational motivation, negative connections - with extrinsic academic motivation are established. It is shown that primary schoolchildren with a high level of psychological well&amp;ndash;being are characterized by cognitive motivation, self-development motivation, awareness of the importance of educational activities for themselves, but at the same time - orientation to high academic performance. With a low level of psychological well-being in children, there is a pronounced extrinsic motivation, reflecting primarily the requirements of the teacher, a subjective perception of learning difficulties, a negative attitude to learning, preschool-type motivation with its hedonistic orientation.&lt;/p&gt;

Влияние психологического благополучия трудовых мигрантов на их социально-психологическую адаптацию

The problem of psychological adaptation of personality is in the constant focus of attention of researchers and acts as a leading factor in the search for methods and means of psychological prevention of delinquent behavior. However, the psychological potential of studies of the impact of the psychological well-being of migrant workers on their sociopsychological adaptation is not fully used. This article presents the results of an empirical study. The author comes to the conclusion that the psychological well-being of migrant workers influences the indicators of their socio-psychological adaptation. The optimal level of socio-psychological adaptation, self-acceptance of migrants is associated with the presence of positive relations with the surrounding reality, the presence of life goals, the ability to accept themselves as they are, with positive and negative qualities, which is not accompanied by a sense of guilt. Socio-psychological maladaptation, selfrejection, external locus of control, vedomosti and escapism are associated with the desire for autonomy and independent management of the surrounding world, insufficiently positive relationships with the outside world, self-acceptance, lack of life goals. A low level of socio-psychological adaptation is accompanied by a low level of psychological well-being. The worse the migrants’ relationship with the outside world and the lower the degree of psychological well-being, the stronger their sense of emotional discomfort.

Migrant parents and psychosocial effects of parents’ absence on children left behind in the Kyrgyz Republic

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the psychosocial effects of parents’ absence on children left behind in the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan). A survey was conducted in 2018 with a sample of 457 secondary school children aged 11–18-years-old in the Kyrgyz Republic. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the psychological well-being of children was not significantly influenced when their parents were not divorced but did live separately. However, children with parents who lived abroad and were divorced did show a significant increase in their psychological distress when compared to children who lived with both parents. Furthermore, children whose father was away and who were cared for by their mother only, were more likely to experience a lower level of psychological well-being than children who lived with both parents. Additionally, no significant effect on the well-being of children whose mothers or both parents had migrated was found.

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING ON CELEBRITY WORSHIP LEVELS IN EARLY ADULT KOREAN POP (K-POP) FANS

Many K-Pop fans in Indonesia, especially early adults, could lead them to celebrity worship. Celebrity worship is the worship that fans do to their idol celebrity. One of the factors that cause celebrity worship behavior is the low level of psychological well-being. Psychological well-being (PWB) is individuals’ positive attitudes towards themselves and their social environment. This research is a quantitative study with simple linear regression analysis that aims to determine the effect of PWB on celebrity worship. This study used instruments the Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales and the Celebrity Attitude Scales distributed through Google Form. The participants in this study were 378 members who joined one of the K-Pop groups on social media. The results showed that the significance value was 0,208&gt;0,0005 (p&gt;0,0005), so there was no significant effect between PWB on celebrity worship in early adults who like K-Pop. It concluded that the PWB does not affect the level of celebrity worship