Low-intensity Laser Radiation Research Articles

Assessment of the efficacy of comprehensive medical rehabilitation of patients with polypoid rhinosinusitis based on the international classification of functioning, disability and health

Abstract. Purpose of the study. The article discusses an algorithm for using the categories of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various medical rehabilitation programs for patients with polypoid rhinosinusitis. It is shown that the use of the ICF makes it possible to implement a systematic approach to assessing the efficacy of rehabilitation measures, taking into account the biopsychosocial model for assessing health (illness) and the category of functioning, which serves as the basis for the integration process of rehabilitation. The results of comparative monitoring of the formed categorical profile of a patient with polypoid rhinosinusitis convincingly proved the advantages of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with nasal polyposis, based on biological therapy with dupilumab in combination with a course application of an alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation.

Near-Infrared Light-Driving Organic Photothermal Agents with an 88.9% Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for Image-Guided Synergistic Phototherapy.

Photothermal agents (PTAs) with desirable near-infrared (NIR) absorption and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) are ideal candidates for cancer treatment. However, numerous PTAs still require high-intensity and long-duration laser irradiation to completely ablate the tumor during the photothermal therapy (PTT) process, resulting in light damage to healthy skin and tissue as well as limiting their biomedical applications. Integrating intense NIR absorption and high PCE into a single small-molecule PTA is an important prerequisite for realizing efficient PTT, but is a serious challenge. Herein, a series of donor-acceptor type PTAs (CC1 to NC4) are designed through a molecular engineering strategy. Theoretical calculations and experimental results show that the NIR absorption and photothermal effect from CC1 to NC4 are significantly enhanced as expected. Notably, NC4 nanoparticles exhibit intense NIR absorption, superhigh PCE of up to 88.9% for PTT, photoacoustic imaging and photothermal imaging, and effective reactive oxygen species generation for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The superior PTT/PDT synergistic phototherapeutic efficacy is well demonstrated by the complete elimination of tumor in vivo upon one-time, low-intensity, and short-duration laser irradiation (808nm, 330mW cm-2, and 3min). This work provides a valuable guideline for rational design of PTAs for cancer phototherapy.

Acceptor-donor-acceptor type organic photothermal agents with enhanced NIR absorption and photothermal conversion effect for cancer photothermal therapy

Numerous photothermal agents (PTAs) require high-intensity and long-duration laser excitation for photothermal therapy (PTT), resulting in light damage to healthy skin and tissue as well as limiting their biomedical applications. Integrating desirable near-infrared (NIR) absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) into a single small-molecule PTA is an important prerequisite for realizing efficient PTT, but is a serious challenge. Herein, through molecular engineering strategy, an acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) type PTA (ADA3) was readily developed for 808 nm laser-driving photothermal imaging and PTT of tumor. Theoretical calculations and experiment results show molecular engineering strategy is significant in regulating the structure and energy gap of PTAs, so as to effectively induce a narrow band gap for NIR absorption and further optimize photothermal properties. ADA3 possesses molar extinction coefficient of 3.1 × 104 M−1 cm−1 at 808 nm, followed being assembled into nanoparticles, ADA3-NPs show high PCE of 80.3%. In vivo experiments indicate that ADA3-NPs have excellent antitumor capability under one-time, low-intensity and short-duration (808 nm, 330 mW/cm2, 3 min) laser irradiation. Therefore, this work definitely exemplifies the enormous potential of molecular engineering strategy and provides an effective method for developing small-molecule PTAs.

TRANSCRANIAL PHOTOBIOMODULATION IN NEUROLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE: FUNDAMENTAL AND CLINICAL ASPECTS

Photobiomodulation is a relatively young medical technology that integrates the efforts of physicists, engineers and specialists in the field of biomedicine and includes various methods of light exposure to cells and tissues of the body. The main options for such effects are light radiation of the visible and IR spectrum generated by LED sources, and low-intensity laser radiation (LILI), which requires the use of lasers with special characteristics. In recent years, there has been an avalanche of interest among neurologists and psychiatrists in transcranial photobiomodulation, However, a systematization of empirical data and the fundamental foundations of technology is required. On this basis, the purpose of the review is to integrate ideas about the molecular-cellular and systemic effects of transcranial photobiomodulation and the prospects for its application in neurological and psychiatric practice. We have shown that intensive research in the field of studying the biological effects of low–intensity laser radiation, red and infrared light, which made it possible to decipher the main ways of responding to it at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels, created prerequisites for the formation of a new synthetic scientific direction - photobiomics. This translational discipline is focused on the development of pathogenetically sound technologies for the treatment of diseases of various profiles, including neurological and mental pathology. The results of experimental and clinical studies presented in the literature indicate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation in depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, nevertheless, extensive trials and meta-analyses are advisable for their full inclusion in international clinical recommendations.

The use of low-intensity laser radiation and liposomal cream in the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients after the coronavirus infection

A number of authors put forward a hypothesis about the role of systemic subclinical vascular inflammation characteristic of COVID-19 in the development of peripheral complications of this infection, including in the oral cavity. Notably, there is a high incidence of gingivitis and periodontitis in patients after COVID-19. Material and methods. 35 patients diagnosed with chronic generalized periodontitis and chronic gingivitis in the acute stage were followed-up on an outpatient basis. All patients had a history of COVID-19 in the past 2 to 6 months. The patients were divided into two groups: the study group (n = 18) and the control group (n = 17). All patients underwent professional oral hygiene. In the study group, low-intensity laser therapy procedures were performed with preliminary application of a liposomal gel. Clinical research methods included taking an anamnesis, examination, and determination of indices (CFE index, Green Vermilion index, PMA index, CI index, Russell’s index). Research results. After therapy, all patients of the study group had grade 1 CFE index up to 4 (compensated); in the patients of the control group, grade 1–2 CFE was determined (compensated — in 88.2 % of the patients and subcompensated — in 11.8 %). After therapy, the Green Vermilion index decreased in both groups by 40.5 % and 31.3 %, with no significant intergroup difference. The PMA index decreased by 88.8 % in the study group and by 71.5 % in the control group. The index of bleeding reduced by 86.4 % in the study group and by 60.9 % in the control group. The Russell’s index, which allows taking into account the presence of gingivitis, tooth mobility, and the depth of the periodontal pocket, was also considered. Its value decreased by 92.3 % in the study group and by 63.8 % in the control group. Conclusions. The developed therapeutic complex, which includes low-intensity laser exposure with preliminary application of the liposomal gel, is more effective than the standard approach to the treatment of this pathology.

Evaluation of the results of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis in the long-term period

BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the course application of therapeutic physical factors during the complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis showed a rather high efficiency of the additional use of complex physiotherapy (alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser therapy) in enhancing the regression of the main clinical manifestations of polypous rhinosinusitis and improving the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Considering the chronic and often recurrent nature of polypous rhinosinusitis, along with the relief of the main clinical manifestations of the disease and improvement in the quality of life of patients after treatment, medical rehabilitation of patients should also cover the long-term period.
 AIM: Evaluation of the results of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis in the long-term period (after 6, 12 and 18 months) and determination of the optimal time parameters for a repeated course of physiotherapy aimed at maintaining the achieved clinical effect and the level of quality of life of patients.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed with the participation of 120 patients with moderate to severe polypous rhinosinusitis and uncontrolled course. All patients were divided into 4 groups by simple fixed randomization. The first group (control, 30 patients) received only basic therapy, including endonasal application of Nasonex 2 doses 2 times a day and daily twice daily lavage of the nasal mucosa. Patients of the second group (comparison group 1, 30 patients) were additionally injected subcutaneously with dupilumab at a dose of 300 μg once every two weeks. In the third group (comparison group 2, 30 patients), against the background of the administration of dupilumab, exposure to an alternating magnetic field was performed. using the apparatus MAGNIT Med TeCo. Patients of the fourth group (main group, 30 patients), in addition to the volume of treatment of patients of the third group, received low-intensity laser radiation of the red spectrum (633 nm) using the AZOR-2K-02 apparatus.
 RESULTS: Positive dynamics in terms of assessed clinical indicators throughout the entire observation period was noted only in the comparison groups and the main group. The maximum severity of positive changes was determined in the main group after 6 and 12 months of rehabilitation, exceeding the achieved values in the group with dupilumab. The follow-up period made it possible to establish that 18 months after the start of rehabilitation, there were no significant differences between these groups. The dynamics of the parameters of the microcirculatory tissue system in the comparison groups and the main group in the long-term period indicated the formation of compensatory-adaptive processes aimed at eliminating congestion in the nasal mucosa and associated hypoxia, as well as the normalization of oxygen metabolism and trophism of tissues prone to chronic inflammation.
 CONCLUSION: The results obtained convincingly prove the effectiveness of additional course use of an alternating magnetic field in combination with low-intensity laser therapy. The use of this technology, implemented against the background of ongoing biological therapy, shows its increased efficiency up to 12 months after the start of medical rehabilitation. It is advisable to conduct a second course of physiotherapy based on the complex use of an alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation 9–12 months after the start of medical rehabilitation.

Role of neodymium laser in surgery: stimulation of postoperative surgical wounds healing. Results of clinical studies

To prove the effectiveness of the low-intensity laser radiation application in the treatment of wounds of different origin. The clinical study involved 110 persons, divided into 55 subjects in both the study and control groups. The patients of the study group were exposed to the long-wave short-pulse neodymium laser immediately and within 35 days after interventions with a skin incision using it, in a way that wound treated with laser received low-level laser therapy. The control group patients' wounds were treated with standard methods by the means of topical drugs corresponding to the clinical manifestations of the wound process in each particular case. The study was carried out in the hospital of the department of maxillofacial and plastic surgery of the dental complex of the «Russian University of Medicine» from 2019 to 2022, and further conservative treatment was conducted in the department of dermatology and cosmetology of the University Hospital of the Medical Graduate School (Institute) of the RSSU. All wounds were classified into three groups for the convenience of systematization and formation of a generalized treatment protocol for postoperative surgical wounds. The objectivity and optimality of the chosen by us actions were confirmed in the conducted work. The formed scars were visually assessed on the POSAS scale at the end of the treatment by patients and 4 independent doctors, as well as each scar was visually assessed by four independent doctors and patients. At the end of the study we formed and proposed an algorithm for the treatment of surgical wounds of various origins. The parameters of the Aerolase Neo Light Pod neodymium laser for the treatment of patients with different types of skin wounds were clinically determined. Experimentally proven properties of the Aerolase Neo Light Pod neodymium laser on accelerating the healing process of surgical wounds through photobiomodulation mechanism support their regeneration with the formation of negligible normotrophic scars, as well as reduce the length of patients' treatment in surgical hospitals, as compared to patients receiving standard external drugs.

Effectiveness of Complex Medical Rehabilitation of Patients with Postthrombophlebitic Syndrome of Lower Extremities and Obesity: a Randomized Clinical Study

INTRODUCTION. The relevance of the development of comprehensive rehabilitation programmes for patients with postthrombophlebitic syndrome (PTPS) is due to the high frequency of disability and a significant reduction in their quality of life. Since obesity and excessive body weight are proven risk factors for the development and progression of chronic vein diseases, weight reduction is one of the important tasks of rehabilitation measures in patients with PTPS and concomitant obesity.
 AIM. Comparative study of the influence of complex methods of medical rehabilitation, including various methods of laser blood irradiation (supravascular and intravenous), pulse magnetotherapy and dry carbon baths, on the dynamics of indicators of composite body composition according to bioimpedance measurements in patients with postthrombophlebitic syndrome of the lower extremities and obesity.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS. A randomized prospective study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Medical Rehabilitation of Patients with Somatic Diseases of National Medical Research Center of Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The study included 40 patients with PTS of the lower extremities and accompanying obesity, the average age of which was 58.3 [51.5; 68.0] year), randomized to two groups. The patients of the 1st group received Intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILIB) (“Lazmik”, Russia), impulse magnetotherapy and dry carbon baths, as well as therapeutic gymnastics in the hall. The patients of the 2nd group received a complex that included supravascular laser irradiation of blood (“Azor-2K”, Russia), pulse magnetic therapy, and dry carbon baths, as well as therapeutic gymnastics in the gym. Anthropometric measurements (body mass, malleolar volume) were used for the evaluation of anti-edema and lipolytic effects after a comprehensive course of medical rehabilitation, as well as bioimpedance measurement of body composition (“MEDASS”, Russia).
 RESULTS. In patients with PTS of the lower extremities and obesity, after carrying out a course of medical rehabilitation using preformed physical factors, including various methods of laser irradiation of the blood (supravascular and intravenous), a significant decrease in body weight indicators was observed (p 0.001), a decrease in BMI (p 0.001), total and extracellular fluid (p 0.001) without significant differences between groups. A significant decrease in the index of fat mass (kg) (p = 0.007) was found in patients of the main group.
 DISCUSSION. Maintaining a healthy body weight as well as combating obesity are first-line secondary prevention measures recommended for all patients with PTS of the lower extremities. For the control of the dynamics of the composite composition of the body, an effective and sensitive method is the method of bioimpedance measurement, which allows to estimate the reduction of extracellular fluid (anti-flow effect) and fat mass of the body (lipolytic effect).
 CONCLUSION. The method of bioimpedance measurement, used for the evaluation of the composite composition of the body, showed high sensitivity and allowed to establish the greater effectiveness of the developed complex, which includes ILIB with a wavelength of low-intensity laser radiation (NILI) of 635 nm in reducing fat mass.

The influence of low-intensity laser radiation on the blood parameters of cows under technological stress

The study of clinical-hematologic parameters under technological stress at cows and the effect of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) under technological stress was carried out. The study was carried out on high-yielding Holstein black-breed cows which were modeled technological stress and subsequently exposed to LILR on the withers or ear with exposure time of 5 or 15 depending on the group of animals. LILR with a wavelength of 830 nm was used. The study of hematological parameters of blood under technological stress in animals showed an increase in the number of leukocytes up to 14 days, a decrease in the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin by 3 days of the experiment relative to the values of intact animals. At action of LILR under technological stress the increase of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in blood was registered. The content of leukocytes in blood corresponded to the level of intact animals, their functional activity increased. The concentration of reduced glutathione in animals under technological stress was decreased throughout the entire observation period. When using LILR under technological stress in animals, changes in reduced glutathione were less pronounced compared to animals after technological stress. When cows were exposed to LILR on the withers, an increase in the content of reduced glutathione in blood was registered. The obtained results indicate that the changes in blood parameters are directed to the activation of compensatory-adaptive reactions of the organism under the action of LILR under technological stress.

USE OF LOW-INTENSITY LASER RADIATION IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF WOUNDS

Abstract. Increasing the eff ectiveness of treatment of infected wounds is an extremely urgent problem, which, despite signifi cant achievements, is far from a fi nal solution. The development of new methods of local impact on wounds, especially laser irradiation and evaluation of its eff ectiveness, are promising.The aim of the study. To evaluate the eff ectiveness of using low-intensity laser irradiation in the complex treatment of wounds.The object of the study was 10 patients with wounds of the lower extremities. Among the examined were 6 men and 4 women aged from 48 to 83 years. 6 patients had type 2 diabetes; in 4 – CHD, obliterating atherosclerosis of the vessels of the lower extremities. All patients involved in the study signed the appropriate informed consent.The complex treatment of all patients included irradiation of the wound with a low-intensity laser (B-Cure Laser); with a power of 250 mW; wavelength 808 nM; with a pulse frequency of 15 kHz; with a pulse duration of 17 μs with an energy of 3.75 Joule/min; with a spot of radiation 45Ч10 mm, lasting 3 minutes around the perimeter of the wound edges and 1 minute on the wound bed. The wound area was measured using the «IntimoMeasure» program. All patients underwent microbiological and cytological examination of smearsprints from the wound on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10.Research results. It has been established that the use of low-intensity laser irradiation of the wound has a positive eff ect on the wound healing process.As early as 2-3 days after the start of treatment, the amount of discharge from the wound signifi cantly decreased, the amount of necrotic tissue decreased, and the demarcation line was clearly defi ned. A decrease in the number of necrotic tissues and microorganisms, an increase in the number of leukocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells was noted in the smears.After 4-6 days, signs of granulation formation appeared, the number of lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells increased. The concentration of microorganisms did not exceed 10Ч2-3 CFU/ml. At 7-8 days, most of the wounds were without signs of necrotic tissue, granulation tissue increased intensively, signs of connective tissue formation, epithelization from the edges of the wound appeared.On 9-10 days, most of the wounds were represented by granulation tissue with pronounced proliferation of the epithelium at the edges of the wound. During the fi rst three days, the area of the wound decreased by almost 17 % compared to the initial size, and from the 7th day it did not exceed 60 % of the initial level.Conclusions. 1. Low-intensity laser irradiation of wounds against the background of complex drug therapy is an eff ective method of treatment, promotes rapid cleansing of wounds, intensive development of granulations, accelerates epithelization. 2. Availability, ease of use and absolute safety allow recommending this method for use in complex wound treatment.

In vitro effects of low-intensity infrared laser irradiation on oxidative stress biomarkers in blood samples from diabetes mellitus patients

PurposeThe biological effects of low-intensity laser irradiation on oxidative damage and free radical-induced processes in the blood of patients with diabetes mellitus have not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time- and dose-dependent effects of low-intensity infrared (IR) irradiation on biomarkers of lipid peroxidation, oxidative modification of proteins (aldehydic and ketonic derivatives), and total antioxidant capacity in blood of healthy individuals and patients with diabetes mellitus in vitro. MethodsBlood samples were collected from the diabetes patients and healthy individuals and exposed to low-intensity infrared irradiation in vitro. The samples were exposed to 1-, 5-, and 9-min IR laser pulses with the wavelength of 0.89 nm at different pulse repetition frequencies (0; 50; 150; 600; 1500 Hz) and moderate radiation power (0; 50; 100 mW). The biomarkers of oxidative stress, i.e. 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were measured and analyzed in the samples of the exposed whole blood. ResultsCompared with the blood from the healthy controls, the lipid peroxidation analysis revealed 7 combinations of irradiation impact in the blood from the diabetes patients resulting in a decrease in lipid peroxidation processes, especially after the 9-min exposure. The analysis of oxidatively modified proteins demonstrated that laser light is mainly involved in the prevention of protein oxidation at moderate radiation power (50 and 100 mW), different pulse repetition frequencies (0; 50; 150; 600; 1500 Hz), the 9-min exposure and resulting in a decrease in lipid peroxidation processes. The analysis of the total antioxidant capacity revealed a predominantly positive effect of the low-intensity infrared irradiation. ConclusionsThese findings suggest potential involvement of blood dysfunction in the pathologic process of diabetes and provide insight into potential therapeutic targets of low-intensity IR laser irradiation for diabetes patients.

The Effect of Mechanotherapy and Virtual Reality on Cardiovascular Activity and the Severity of Shortness of Breath in Patients with Post COVID-19 Syndrome: A Prospective Randomized Study

INTRODUCTION. At present, there is an urgent need to develop modern rehabilitation programs for COVID-19 patients with long-lasting residual symptoms of the disease, primarily from the cardiopulmonary system.
 AIM. To assess the impact of a comprehensive medical rehabilitation program using virtual reality technologies, robotic mechanotherapy with biofeedback and interactive balance therapy on the severity of hypoxic syndrome, shortness of breath and cardiovascular activity in patients who have undergone COVID-19 and have manifestations of post-COVID syndrome (long COVID).
 MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study sample consisted of 120 patients aged 40 to 70 years who had suffered COVID-19 within 16 months prior to inclusion in the study and had manifestations of SPCN, who were randomized into 2 groups. In the main group (n = 60), a new complex of medical rehabilitation was prescribed against the background of basic treatment: 1) sessions on the robotic biofeedback simulator for lower limb muscle training Con-Trex, #10; 2) balance therapy (sensorimotor training) using the biofeedback simulator Stabilan 012, #10; 3) training on the rehabilitation interactive markerless system with virtual reality technology Nirvana, #10. In the control group (n = 60) patients received only basic treatment: 1) a special complex of therapeutic gymnastics performed in the hall with a physical therapy instructor, № 10; 2) low-intensity laser radiation, № 10; 3) speleo-exposure, № 10; 4) medical massage on the chest area, № 10. Research methods included clinical examination, anamnesis collection and cardiopulmonary testing and assessment of dyspnea severity before the beginning of rehabilitation and immediately after its completion.
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. In the period from 1 to 6 months after COVID-19, 90.0 % of patients had dyspnea, as well as a decrease in peak oxygen consumption and high values of heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) at peak exercise. The application of a new complex of medical rehabilitation in patients with post-COVID disorder syndrome contributed to a more significant, than in the standard method of rehabilitation, increase in cardiorespiratory endurance, which is manifested in the increase in the maximum work performed by 12.9 % and oxygen consumption of the first ventilation threshold by 6.3 % and in the decrease in diastolic BP at peak load by an average of 7 mm Hg. hg according to cardiopulmonary testing, as well as an increase in the proportion of patients with mild (up to 60.0 %) or no dyspnoea (up to 26 %) and a decrease in the number of patients with moderate dyspnoea (up to 13.3 %), severe and very severe dyspnoea (up to 0 %). Most of the authors in their studies also note a high frequency of shortness of breath, along with such manifestations of post- COVID-19 syndrome as general weakness, poor exercise tolerance.
 CONCLUSION. A new comprehensive medical rehabilitation program using virtual reality technologies, robotic mechanotherapy with biofeedback and interactive balance therapy are recommended to reduce the severity of hypoxic syndrome and dyspnea and improve cardiovascular performance in patients with post-COVID syndrome.

Experimental Determination of the Stability of the «Flamena» Gel Pharmacological Structure under the Influence of Low-Intensity Laser Radiation

In modern dentistry, the problem of the prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis is relevant. Proposed methods of treating patients with peri-implantitis do not stop the pathological process with the possibility of achieving long-term remission. Liposomal complexes with dihydroquercetin make it possible to influence the pathogenetic links of the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues with the prospect of normalizing blood circulation and regeneration processes in the affected area. It has been established that the complex simultaneous effect of low-intensity laser radiation and a pharmaceutical (laserophoresis) provides the possibility of more significant penetration of the drug components into periodontal tissues. The study of the laserophoresis of the liposomal complex with dihydroquercetin in the treatment of patients with peri-implantitis is relevant. However, in the modern literature, there is a lack of studies on the effect of low-intensity laser radiation on the pharmaceutical structure of drugs based on the above-mentioned basis.

Comparative assessment of clinical efficacy of different methods of medical rehabilitation in patients with rhinosinusitis polyposa

The article presents the results of a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the course application of therapeutic physical factors (alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation) in complex medical rehabilitation of patients with moderate and severe rhinosinusitis polyposa with uncontrolled course. It was shown that the use of genetically engineered biological therapy (GEBT) with dupilumab contributed to the positive dynamics of the clinical parameters of sinonasal polyposis. Complementing GEBT with the course application of an alternating magnetic field was accompanied by an increase in the regression of the main clinical manifestations of rhinosinusitis polyposa. The maximum corrective activity was noted in the group with the complex use of therapeutic physical factors — an alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation against the background of GEBT. The growth is based on the ability of the complex use of physiotherapeutic factors to cause the development of synergistic phenomena through the use of corrective effects of different modality, having different mechanisms of action. The physical factors under consideration are able to improve hemo- and microcirculation in the area of chronic inflammation, exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and trophic-stimulating effects, which, together with the inactivation of the main pro-inflammatory interleukins of type 2 inflammation, enhances the sanogenetic potential that determines the duration of remission. Taking into account the chronic relapsing nature of the rhinosinusitis polyposa course, it is planned to conduct prolonged studies covering a follow-up period of 1.5–2 years.

Photobiomodulation for Correction of Systemic Disorders of Experimental Pain Syndromes

The development of anti-pain technologies in the complex treatment of pain syndromes is one of the most urgent tasks of modern medicine. We undertook a placebo-controlled experimental study of the therapeutic potential of low-intensity laser radiation when applied to acupuncture points that are directly related to the autonomic nervous system. The adaptation effect of puncture photobiomodulation on the induction of stress-mediated autonomic reactions, oxidative metabolism and microcirculation in animals during the acute phase of pain stress was revealed. The data obtained are of interest for use in the complex rehabilitation of patients with pain syndromes.

Changes in the activity of micromycete endocellular oxidoreductases under the influence of low-frequency pulsed magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation

This study aims to investigate the effects of low-frequency pulsed magnetic field (1.5 Hz) and low-intensity laser radiation (0.3 and 0.7 W) on the activity of micromycete endocellular oxidoreductases that catalyze biodegradation of industrial materials such as Penicillium cyclopium, Aspergillus niger, and Alternaria alternata. The investigated physical factors had dose-dependent effects on the activity of fungal endocellular oxidoreductases (catalase and peroxidase): increases and decreases in the activities of enzymes have been observed. An increase in the activity of enzymes can contribute to the manifestation of the adaptive properties of fungi against the action of such physical factors as low-intensity laser radiation and magnetic field. A decrease in the activity of endocatalase and endoperoxidase under the influence of these factors may suppress the vital activity of microorganisms.

Changes in the Activity of Micromycete Intracellular Oxidoreductases under the Action of a Low-Frequency Pulsed Magnetic Field and Low-Intensity Laser Radiation

Changes in the Activity of Micromycete Intracellular Oxidoreductases under the Action of a Low-Frequency Pulsed Magnetic Field and Low-Intensity Laser Radiation

Correlation of low-intensity laser irradiation and rate of orthodontic tooth movement — a prospective clinical study

Correlation of low-intensity laser irradiation and rate of orthodontic tooth movement — a prospective clinical study

The Significance of Local Intraoperative Hemostasis and Laser Influence in the Prevention and Treatment of Complications During Thyroid Surgery

The article presents the results of clinical studies on the development of a method for local intraoperative hemostasis and improvement of reparative processes during operations on the thyroid gland. For clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed method, two study groups were formed for 237 patients with mixed, nodular and diffuse toxic goiter. The main group consisted of 98 patients, and the comparison group - 139. In the main group of operated patients, hemostasis was carried out according to the method developed by us, and in the comparison group, by traditional methods. Surgery included thyroidectomy, hemithyroidectomy, and subtotal thyroidectomy. In the main group of patients, for the purpose of hemostasis, Hemoben powder crystals with a size of 25-50 microns were used at the rate of 200 mg per area of 8-9 cm2, which was applied over the wound with a thin layer until a thin translucent film was formed, followed by irradiation of the wound with low-energy laser radiation (Sogdiana apparatus) with a wavelength of 0.89 microns, a frequency of 500 Hz for 2 minutes at a distance of 5 cm from the wound; then, for 5-7 days, percutaneous irradiation sessions with the same laser at a frequency of 80 Hz were performed daily in the projection of the surgical wound. The study showed that the use of the domestic hemostatic agent Hemoben provides complete hemostasis, and the addition of the technique by treating the surgical field with low-intensity laser radiation enhances the reparative properties of the drug. The proposed method for local hemostasis and improvement of reparative processes during thyroid surgery is characterized by a quick, effective and stable stop of bleeding, prevents the development of lymphohemorrhagic complications, and also reduces the frequency of early postoperative complications due to intra- and postoperative laser exposure.

Age-related morphofunctional changes of thyroid mast cells under low-intensity laser irradiation (an experimental study)

Purpose: to study the dynamics of morphofunctional parameters of thyroid mast cells under low-intensity laser irradiation depending on age. Material and methods. The experiment was conducted on 96 white male laboratory rats of the Wistar breed. Animals were divided into four groups: 1 – control young, 2 – control old, 3 – young, low-intensity laser irradiation, 4 – old, low-intensity laser irradiation. A single laser irradiation session in continuous mode (wavelength – 970 nm, power – 1 W, exposure – 60 s) was made in the projection of thyroid gland. The animals were removed from the experiment 1 hour and 1, 3 and 7 days after exposure to laser light. Thyroid preparations were fixed in the formalin; histological sections were prepared and stained with toluidine blue; the morphometric analysis was performed to determine the number of thyroid mast cells and their varieties depending on the granular saturation level and degranulation degree.Results. The reaction of thyroid mast cells of experimental animals to laser exposure had some specific features: in young animals there was the increase in the number of cells and in their synthetic activity with the increase in granular saturation level and with the decrease in degranulation level which indicates an increased migration of cells into the thyroid gland and a pronounced adaptive reaction of the entire population of mast cells of the body. In old animals, exposure to laser light caused degranulation activity of thyroid mast cells with decrease in the level of granular saturation. No changes in the number of cells indicates that the reaction is limited within the organ contours.Conclusion. The results obtained expand our understanding of specific reactions of mast cells to laser exposure and confirm the need for individual correction of low-level laser therapy depending on age.