Low Level Of Implementation Research Articles

Scientific problems of ensuring technological sovereignty in the field of artificial intelligence technologies

The article discusses the scientific problems of ensuring technological sovereignty in the field of artificial intelligence technologies. One of the key scientific problems is computer modeling of human cognitive functions with finite resources, which provide the ability to process and analyze finite–dimensional and infinite-dimensional data along with finite-dimensional ones. A well–known solution to this problem is the A.N. Tikhonov regularization method, due to the high complexity and cost of implementation of which, less complex and expensive empirically constructed foreign INS are used to build AI solutions, but without guarantees of error-free results. The consequence of this is a rather low level of implementation of AI solutions in industry and in the field of information technology and a practical lack of data on the economic effect. It is proposed to consider the economic efficiency of domestic AI solutions as the main criterion for the need for their development.

Anaesthesiologists’ guideline adherence in pre-operative evaluation: a retrospective observational study

BackgroundSurveys suggest a low level of implementation of clinical guidelines, although they are intended to improve the quality of treatment and patient safety. Which guideline recommendations are not followed and why has yet to be analysed. In this study, we investigate the proportion of European and national guidelines followed in the area of pre-operative anaesthetic evaluation prior to non-cardiac surgery.MethodsWe conducted this monocentric retrospective observational study at a German university hospital with the help of software that logically links guidelines in such a way that individualised recommendations can be derived from a patient's data. We included routine logs of 2003 patients who visited our pre-anaesthesia outpatient clinic between June 2018 and June 2020 and compared the actual conducted pre-operative examinations with the recommendations issued by the software. We descriptively analysed the data for examinations not performed that would have been recommended by the guidelines and examinations that were performed even though they were not covered by a guideline recommendation. The guidelines examined in this study are the 2018 ESAIC guidelines for pre-operative evaluation of adults undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery, the 2014 ESC/ESA guidelines on non-cardiac surgery and the German recommendations on pre-operative evaluation on non-cardiothoracic surgery from the year 2017.ResultsPerformed ECG (78.1%) and cardiac stress imaging tests (86.1%) indicated the highest guideline adherence. Greater adherence rates were associated with a higher ASA score (ASA I: 23.7%, ASA II: 41.1%, ASA III: 51.8%, ASA IV: 65.8%, P < 0.001), lower BMI and age > 65 years. Adherence rates in high-risk surgery (60.5%) were greater than in intermediate (46.5%) or low-risk (44.6%) surgery (P < 0.001). 67.2% of technical and laboratory tests performed preoperatively were not covered by a guideline recommendation.ConclusionsGuideline adherence in pre-operative evaluation leaves room for improvement. Many performed pre-operative examinations, especially laboratory tests, are not recommended by the guidelines and may cause unnecessary costs. The reasons for guidelines not being followed may be the complexity of guidelines and organisational issues. A software-based decision support tool may be helpful.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04843202.

FINANCING OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY

Introduction Innovative activity becomes an integral and necessary element of the successful development of the country's economy, and the task of the state is to implement an effective financial and innovative policy in order to ensure its stable growth. The article reveals the theoretical foundations of innovative development and states that some scientists considered the territorial aspect of innovative growth, which is caused by fluctuations in the level of innovative activity of different countries and civilizations. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical foundations of innovative development and assess the current state of financing innovative development of the Ukrainian economy. Methods. The article uses general scientific methods of scientific knowledge, in particular, epistemological method, dialectical method, induction and deduction, formal-logical method, comparative and systematic methods. Results. The article states that a complex of issues related to the quality financing of innovative processes, which require systematicity and predictability, can be solved on the basis of a program-targeted approach to regulating the flow of investments aimed at innovative development. It was established that Ukraine, with a high level of educational and scientific potential, has a low level of implementation of innovations in the field of economic activity and their commercialization. Budgetary funding in Ukraine is the main source of funding for innovative development and an instrument of scientific and technical policy, a form of direct state support. During 2018‒2022, funding of the scientific sphere from the state budget increased by 60.6 %, however, in 2022, the war did not allow maintaining the dynamics of previous years. It is noted that the limited possibilities of the budget determine the relatively low share of sectors of the economy covered by potentially effective innovative developments, the number of which is decreasing. Conclusion. It was concluded that in the conditions of limited financial resources, which the state is able to direct to innovative development, it is appropriate to strengthen the levers of budget policy as a tool for increasing the efficiency of the use of budget funds directed to the innovative development of the country's economy.

Secondary School English Language Teachers’ Action Research Beliefs and Practices, the Case of Secondary Schools in Mettu Town

This study examines English language teachers' beliefs about action research, their capacity to conduct it, and their actual implementation practices. It also aims to identify the disparities between the participants' beliefs and actual practices. Employing a case study design and a mixed-methods approach, the study focuses on Mettu town in Ethiopia and English teachers from three secondary schools within the town. A non-probability sampling method was used to select 31 teachers for participation. Data was collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The findings reveal that the participants hold positive beliefs about action research, possess moderate competency in conducting action research, but exhibit very low levels of action research implementation. Despite their extensive teaching experience, advanced educational qualifications, and high professional status, their competency levels and action research practices fall short of expectations. These findings highlight the need for training, school-based motivation, resource availability, and reinforcement of Ethiopia's teacher development policies. The findings suggest that further research should attempt to explore the underlying contributing factors for the discrepancy between the English language teachers' beliefs and practices about action research.

Public administration of domestic solid waste management as a direction for the protection of consumer rights

The scientific article is devoted to the public administration of solid household waste management as a direction of consumer rights protection. Attention was drawn to the positive aspects of public administration regarding the management of solid household waste as a means of protecting consumer rights (for example, in the Dnipropetrovsk region): the existence of the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030; availability of a regulatory and legislative framework in the field of management and handling of solid household waste; availability of "Methodical recommendations for the development of regional waste management plans”; existence of a solid household waste management program in the Dnipropetrovsk region for 2022-2024; positive experience of the EU and other developed countries in the field of effective management and handling of solid household waste; the presence of a solid household waste collection and disposal system; availability of municipal solid waste landfills; availability of enterprises for processing, processing and disposal of hazardous components of solid household waste; initiation of elements of separate collection of solid household waste; gradual formation of awareness among the population regarding the need to separate resource-valuable components from the general flow of solid household waste.&#x0D; It was concluded that the problematic issues in public administration regarding the handling of solid household waste as a direction of consumer rights protection (for example, in the Dnipropetrovsk region): the tendency to increase the scale of generation and accumulation of solid household waste; lack of a systematic approach to creating effective management and handling of solid household waste; insufficient funding of solid waste management and management; low level of implementation of previous regional solid waste management and handling programs; low level of utilization of resource-valuable components of solid household waste; lack of waste transfer stations and waste processing enterprises, etc.

Evaluating Childhood Overweight- and Obesity-Related Food Marketing Policies in China Using the Food-Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI).

Addressing the increasing global health issue of childhood obesity, exacerbated by pervasive food marketing, this study critically evaluated China's food marketing policies in comparison with international best practices, aiming to uncover policy content and implementation gaps and inform policy enhancement strategies. Three key indicators were utilized from the Healthy Food-Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI)'s food promotion domain. A panel of experts (n = 13) from academic institutions, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the food industry assessed the Chinese government's policy scores and implementation levels concerning food marketing. Benchmarked against international best practices using the Food-EPI process, this evaluation encompassed context analysis, data collection, evidence-based policy action, government validation, policy rating, scoring, and results translation for government and stakeholders. The three chosen indicators specifically addressed childhood overweight- and obesity-related food marketing in broadcast media (Indicator 1), non-broadcast media (Indicator 2), and child gathering settings (Indicator 3). Specifically, Indicator 1, the Single Food Marketing Indicator Score was measured at 2.31 ± 0.38, with an accompanying Food Marketing Policy Implementation Percentage of 46.2%, and Low Implementation Level. For non-broadcast mediums (Indicator 2), these metrics were gauged at 1.77 ± 0.27, 35.4%, and Low Implementation Level, respectively. In child gathering settings (Indicator 3), for efforts curbing unhealthy food promotion, a score of 2.77 ± 0.27, an implementation percentage of 55.4%, and Medium Implementation Level was obtained. Cumulatively, the overarching efficacy of food marketing policy enforcement was determined to be suboptimal, with the consolidated figures being Total Food Marketing Score as 2.28 ± 0.97, Total Food Marketing Policy Implementation Percentage as 45.6%, and Total Food Marketing Policy Implementation Level as Low. Like many countries, China's food marketing policies and implementation have room for improvement when compared to international best practices. Recommendations include emphasizing nutritional legislation, fostering stakeholder collaboration, bolstering public health campaigns, and leveraging technology for stringent enforcement.

Cost accounting practices in SMEs: liability of age and other factors that hinder or burst its implementation in turbulent years

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the level of cost accounting (CA) implementation in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). CA is a management accounting tool whose application in small companies has always been difficult. Nevertheless, academicians and practitioners recommend CA implementation in SMEs, especially because of the deep market instability, competitive pressure, and margin erosion that have occurred following the COVID-19 pandemic and 2022 European war scenario. Company size influences CA implementation; however, it is not the only influencing factor and perhaps not even the most important. To investigate the barriers to the adoption of CA and which conditions or actions can remove these barriers, leveraging from the contingency theory, a questionnaire was sent out in July 2022 to limited liability SMEs operating in the manufacturing, construction, and distribution macro-sectors in Verona and Vicenza provinces (Italy). Respondents answered a set of questions regarding CA implementation in their SMEs as of July 2022. Using a multivariate regression model to analyze data from the 120 questionnaires received, we found that lack of resources, limited training and skills, firm age, and the presence of the founder in the firm had a negative influence on CA implementation in SMEs. The low level of CA implementation was also associated with its supposed inefficiency, uselessness, and unsuitability for business. The effect of company size on CA implementation was not statistically significant. Despite this study’s limitations regarding the sample and period considered, we believe that it contributes to both academic debates and practice by illustrating the limiting factors and ways in which CA implementation can be fostered in SMEs in turbulent years.

Analysis of integrated project delivery in the Irish Construction industry

The construction industry is complex and suffers from considerable challenges related to Project Delivery Systems (PDS) most notably cost overruns and delays. Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) has gained traction in recent years and is lauded to be an effective mechanism to overcome many of these challenges. However, implementing IPD in practice is not an easy endeavor, and there is a need to understand the motivation to adopt it as well as to understand the key challenges and critical success factors for its effective implementation. This exploratory study aims to address this deficit. We capture real-world data from professionals in the Irish construction industry to understand current practices and analyze the perceived challenges and critical success factors for the successful implementation of IPD. Our findings reveal a significant lack of awareness among participants regarding IPD and very low levels of implementation. Issues such as lack of trust, fear of litigation and reluctance to change are the major barriers to implementation. Critical success factors for successful implementation center on establishing integrated systems such as BIM and ensuring that information, process knowledge and organizational teams are integrated.

Diagnosis on the implementation of the New Urban Agenda

Abstract Non-technical summary Rapid population growth in urban areas requires an effective transposition of sustainable development goals to the urban realm, for which the New Urban Agenda was adopted by most countries worldwide. The progress report of its implementation was discussed in this study to identify strengths and weaknesses in the process that assist nations in the design and application of effective actions to achieve a more sustainable urban development. Technical summary The adoption of the 2030 Agenda represents a daunting challenge for countries worldwide, which found its continuation in the New Urban Agenda (NUA) geared predominantly toward urban settlements. Although the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) has been widely monitored by global and national institutions, the progress of the NUA has not been properly addressed to date. With the purpose of filling this gap, this study aims to gauge the implementation level of the NUA through the analysis of all status reports issued hitherto by countries, on the basis of the reporting template designed to this effect by the United Nations. Findings revealed the scarce attention paid to report national progress on the application of the NUA, particularly marked in the most developed economies. Reporting guidelines showed a poor coverage of the SDGs, being mostly focused on a limited number of these as well as the institutional and economic dimensions. The low level of NUA implementation and the questionable effectiveness of the reporting framework for monitoring are main conclusions. Some recommendations were lastly suggested to enhance the application process of the NUA. Social media summary Most countries worldwide show little interest in the application of the New Urban Agenda.

Teacher- competency a precursor of effective implementation of the competence-based curriculum among pre-primary schools in Kenya

Competency based curriculum is a new programme in Kenya whose implementation faces a myriad of challenges amid the posted successes. The curriculum was rolled out in the year 2017 and quite some successes cannot be underestimated. This study examined the teacher-level of factor as a precursor of effective implementation of the CBC. The study focused all pre-primary school centres in Embu County against the teachers’ competencies besides exploring the CBC implementation levels since its inception. The study was anchored on the theory of curriculum implementation (Gross, 1971). Purposive sampling was employed in identifying the study locale whereas simple random sampling was employed to draw a study sample size of 10%. Ex post facto research design was adopted since there was no manipulation of the study variables whose influence was already experienced. An exploratory survey methodology was utilized in collecting data. Data was collected using questionnaire, a check-list and an interview schedule. Data was analyzed using descriptive techniques with the help of the SPSS version 29. Results indicated low levels of CBC implementation and recommended teacher related factors to be addressed to mitigate the low level of CBC implementation particularly at the lower primary school grades. Pre-primary school teacher-competencies were found wanting despite indication of rigorous training sessions for lower primary school teachers. Meaning more emphasis was laid on lower primary school teachers than on all lower primary grades pre-primary school center teachers. All teachers require the training on CBC particularly those at foundational grades including Pre-primary teachers. The study therefore recommends that the government should scale up a series of induction/training programs in order to retool teachers’ pedagogical competencies. This will enhance CBC implementation and up take at all levels.

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСІВ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ МЕБЛЕВОЇ ГАЛУЗІ

The article examines approaches to classification and definition of the list of business processes, indicates the main components of groups of business processes depending on their relationship to the main business processes, auxiliary business processes and business processes of management at the enterprise. It is determined that the management of the enterprise should be carried out according to the criterion of ensuring the functional completeness of the system, by substantiating the need and sufficiency of the set of selected elements for the implementation of a full range of managerial functions in relation to the object of management. The indicators of efficiency of functioning of enterprises in the furniture industry are given, the main causes of problems with the functioning of enterprises in the furniture industry, the decrease in the efficiency of the use of resources and the low level of implementation of business processes of enterprises are determined. The main components of the business processes of enterprises are disclosed, taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of enterprises in the furniture industry. The necessity of allocation of system-wide activities, such as main, providing, servicing and managerial activities to ensure and achieve the purpose of functioning of enterprise, is indicated. On the basis of the carried out analysis of the efficiency of implementation of business processes of enterprises in the furniture industry, the need to optimize the main and managerial business processes is substantiated. The features of the implementation of the management cycle are studied: goal-setting, planning of activities, implementation of plans, control over the implementation of plans, formation of managerial influence and adjustment of plans depending on the main, providing, servicing and management activities of enterprises in the furniture industry. Depending on the features of the implementation of the management cycle in relation to all types of activities of enterprises in the furniture industry, methodical recommendations for assessing each of the stages of the management cycle are proposed. Recommendations on the validity of activity plans of enterprises in the furniture industry have been formed through a revision of the planning logic, the introduction of mandatory planning of business processes and operations of enterprises and the creation of appropriate conditions for the implementation of the main activity: provision of input resources, maintenance and management.

PHARMACEUTICAL CARE OF ACNE PATIENTS USING SYSTEMIC RETINOIDS

Aim. The research aims to study of the issue of pharmaceutical care of acne patients when using systemic retinoids.&#x0D; Materials and Methods. The following methods were used: systematic approach, bibliographic, questionnaire survey, statistical, pharmacoeconomic assessment. The objects of the study: relevant information sources; current standards of pharmacotherapy, instructions for medical use of isotretinoin of the State Register of Medicines of Ukraine (n=4), 14th edition of the State Drug Formulary; questionnaires of acne patients who use systemic retinoids (n=53); pharmacy quotes for isotretinoin drugs and laboratory quotes for liver biopsy and lipid testing. The subject of the study: appropriate pharmaceutical care of acne patients when using systemic retinoids.&#x0D; Results and Discussion. The results of the questionnaire showed that, despite high awareness, the practice of patients' compliance with the recommendations regarding the use of isotretinoin needs to be optimized, in particular by means of pharmaceutical care, which was provided in only 30.2% (95CI: 18.3-44.3%) cases according to the patients. As a result of the analysis of current regulatory-legal documents, 6 main guidelines were identified, including 10 key messages of pharmaceutical care. Considering the extremely low level of proper implementation of the Pregnancy Prevention Program when using systemic retinoids (3.7%; 95CI: 0.1-19.0%) and the severity of the consequences of neglecting the recommendations (teratogenic effect), pharmaceutical care should include the issue of effective contraception and pregnancy testing by not only informing but also finding and using other strategies to increase patient compliance with the recommendations, in our opinion. We consider that the discussion with the patient regarding the costs of pharmacotherapy with systemic retinoids (according to the results of our study - from ₴ 17919.20 to ₴ 25307.50), in addition to the cost of isotretinoin (from ₴ 15417.20 to ₴ 21550.00), should include the costs of conducting laboratory control of liver tests (from ₴ 1530.00 to ₴ 2340.00), lipidogram (from ₴ 972.00 to ₴ 1417.50) and meeting some other individual patient needs.&#x0D; Conclusions. Studying the issue of pharmaceutical care when using systemic retinoids allowed to determine the main guidelines (n=6) and key messages (n=10) that pharmacists can focus on during professional communication with acne patients, which makes it possible to increase the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy.

An exploratory study on the challenges faced by South African municipalities in implementing the Municipal Standard Chart of Accounts: a case of the city of Tshwane

This study explored the challenges faced by municipalities in South Africa in the implementation of the Municipal Standard Chart of Accounts (mSCOA). The study adopted a qualitative approach, following an interpretive ontology, and a purposive sampling technique was used. The City of Tshwane in Gauteng Province was used as a unit of analysis; primary data was collected using virtual interviews as well as open-ended questionnaires, and secondary data was obtained in various documents on mSCOA implementation. The study revealed that there is a low mSCOA implementation level in the City of Tshwane. Furthermore, the study found that numerous challenges influenced the low implementation level. These challenges include resistance to change, a lack of adequate training on mSCOA implementation, a lack of personnel, a lack of pre-consultations, and poor system vendor skills transfer. The study recommends involving implementers in the concept and inception phases of any new reform.

Sexualized Violence Toward Children and Adolescents: The Visibility and Implementation of Safeguarding Concepts in Sports, Music, and Church

Sexualized Violence Toward Children and Adolescents: The Visibility and Implementation of Safeguarding Concepts in Sports, Music, and Church Abstract: Objective: In 2010, the disclosure of sexualized violence in educational organizations led to a public debate and calls for safeguarding concepts against sexualized violence toward children and adolescents. However, there have been few efforts to systematically record the visibility, availability, and implementation of such concepts. We used a broad Google search and a telephone survey as an initial approach to close this research gap. Method: In a systematic Google search and a telephone survey (N = 50), we identified and examined safeguarding concepts against sexualized violence toward children and adolescents in the context of religious organizations, sports, and musical education regarding its visibility, availability, and implementation level. Results: The results of our systematic internet research show a low hit rate of identified safeguarding concepts in all contexts. The low number of search hits indicates that the issue of sexualized violence toward children and adolescents has been inadequately addressed in many institutions, and that protective measures have been neglected. The supplementary results of the telephone survey suggest a low implementation level within organizations and a low availability of existing safeguarding concepts.

A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF ENTERPRISEE RISK MANAGEMENT IN SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

The goal of this study is to look at the CEO's impact on SMEs' ERM implementation. With the use of archives and an open-ended questionnaire, we employed a number of methods to ascertain the CEO's understanding of the significance of ERM. According to our empirical data, a lot of CEOs still do not see the value of installing an ERM system because it is expensive and may be done so informally (by applying risk management in a manual manner using their own estimation and computation). This suggests that there is still a low level of ERM implementation among SMEs in Indonesia.

Public-private partnership in the agrarian sector: conceptual framework for development

The article deals with the conceptual framework for the development of public-private partnership (PPP) in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The author substantiates the need to reorient the model of agricultural development to the principles of deeper interaction between the State and business, one of the key mechanisms for ensuring which is PPP, which is carried out on a contractual basis to achieve a common goal by combining resources to obtain certain benefits for each participant. The purpose of the study is to develop a conceptual framework for the development of PPPs in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The study shows a low level of implementation of PPP projects (18 projects out of 193, or 9,3 %) and its rather slow development in our country's economy, mainly due to legislative obstacles. It is substantiated that in the current conditions the issue of partnership development is extremely relevant, since budgetary funds are not enough to implement large-scale projects in wartime. Therefore, involvement of private partners and the use of mechanisms for building long-term relationships with them is essential. The author emphasizes the need for real changes in the implementation of PPP investment projects in agriculture, clarification of the tools for ensuring its development and their adaptation to sectoral issues, which requires the development of a Concept for the Development of Public-Private Partnership in the Agricultural Sector of Ukraine. The study argues that it is necessary to develop a unified approach to the development of PPPs, to determine the priority areas of application of such partnerships and the specifics of its use in solving the problems of agricultural development. The main factors hindering the development of such cooperation are identified and the main objectives of the Concept for the Development of Public-Private Partnership in the Agricultural Sector of Ukraine are substantiated. It is proved that improvement of PPP procedures will help to expand the scope of its application, accessibility, speed and scale of projects, as well as adaptation of such an investment support mechanism to the conditions of wartime/peace time. The article summarizes the main ways of activating PPPs as a mechanism for attracting investment in the reconstruction and development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy. The fulfillment of these tasks will contribute to the revitalization of the use of PPPs in solving the problems of agricultural production development, development of the institutional framework for its implementation in Ukraine, in particular, the adoption of strategic directions for this development in the short and long term. Key words: state, concept, private partner, public-private partnership, agricultural sector, PPP projects, investment resources, development.

Lean production, green supply chain management and environmental performance: a configurational perspective based on the Portuguese context

Purpose Organizations are faced with increasing pressure to engage in sustainable development. There is an ongoing discussion on how to incorporate green thinking into lean management systems. This study aims to investigate configurations of lean and green supply chain management (GSCM) practices associated with high environmental performance. Design/methodology/approach The study uses survey data from a sample of Portuguese manufacturing firms and apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to examine the data. This configurational technique allows to capture the synergetic effect of lean and GSCM practices and identify distinct combinations leading to the outcome of interest. Findings Seven configurations of lean and green practices are associated with high environmental performance. The implementation of lean practices is required in all configurations. Analysis of alternative combinations reveals trade-offs between lean initiatives and environmental goals. Four configurations require low level of implementation of pull production. In one configuration, high environmental performance is achieved with low implementation of statistical process control and without lean employee involvement. Research limitations/implications This study expands the literature on lean management by identifying different strategies to integrate lean and GSCM practices to achieve high environmental performance. Practical implications The findings suggest different strategies to achieve high environmental performance. Managers need to selectively implement lean and green supply chain practices to achieve the desired combinatorial effect, which may require not to implement specific lean practices. Originality/value The study demonstrates the synergetic effects of lean and green practices on environmental performance using a configurational perspective. In addition, it identifies combinations that require a low level of implementation of specific lean practices.

State of the field of domestic solid waste management in Ukraine

It was determined that the current state of the field of solid household waste management in Ukraine is: focused on the landfilling of solid household waste, its placement in landfills and spontaneous landfills, most of which do not meet the requirements of environmental safety; is characterized by the lack of opportunities for separate collection and processing of solid household waste; has a low technological level and a low level of implementation of innovative technologies; is characterized by the lack of a proper recycling system (including a separate collection system); limited by approaches to making complex management decisions and financial resources. It has been established that the outdated methods of managing this area, as well as the lack of a comprehensive solid waste management system, is the main problem for Ukraine, which negatively affects the environment and the health of the population. Solving this problem largely depends on state policy, legislative innovations and specific financial and economic mechanisms approved at the national level. The main priorities for changes in solid waste management policy are outlined. It has been established that the development of national legislation in the field of waste management, including solid household waste, is taking place in Ukraine. In particular, the National Waste Management Strategy until 2030, the National Waste Management Plan until 2030, the Law of Ukraine “On Waste Management” was adopted, which indicates the implementation of the basic principles and provisions of European legislation in the field of waste management, including solid household waste.

Scale-down of high-rate algae ponds systems for urban wastewater reuse

In spite of the important environmental and operative advantages of microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems, they present a low level of implementation. Experimental validations in lab scale should reproduce conditions as close as possible to outdoor conditions. In this sense, two experimental reactors were operated under irradiation and temperature levels corresponding to summer and winter conditions found in temperate climates. The configuration of these reactors resulted in mass transfer rates (gas exchange) in the range of the values reported for industrial scale outdoor facilities. While superficial biomass productivity was in the range of previously reported experiences (between 5.7 and 22 g m−2 d−1, in winter and summer conditions, respectively), pollution removal efficiencies reached the values required for wastewater discharge: >78 % of CODt, >96 % of NH4+ and >79 % of PO43−. Unlike previous experiences, hydraulic retention time (HRT) was maintained constant (3 days) in both seasonal conditions, reaching sufficient pollution removal and biomass productivity. The pathogen concentration reached in the final effluent was compatible with the reclaimed water standards in spite of the absence of ultraviolet light in the illumination system, evidencing the relevance of the environmental conditions created by microalgae metabolism in the disinfection process. The characterization of the microbial population revealed the presence of bacteria responsible of organic matter removal, ammonia oxidation and microalgae commonly found in wastewater systems.

Facilitation of ACL Injury Prevention Program Implementation in Youth Soccer Through Knowledge Translation Intervention: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in youth soccer players. ACL injury prevention programs (ACL-IPP) demonstrate strong efficacy in clinical trials but may have poor effectiveness in the real world due to low levels of implementation. CASE PRESENTATION: Four coaches representing 7 teams, totaling 91 soccer players (66 female), who had no prior utilization of ACL-IPP, agreed to undergo a knowledge translation intervention to facilitate implementation of an ACL-IPP. Barriers and facilitators were identified, and a novel ACL-IPP was created based on established clinical practice guidelines to adhere to the local context. OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: All coaches reported an increase in usage of an ACL-IPP, with 2/4 coaches reporting a usage of 2×/week or greater. Coaches reported that the repeated on-the-field training sessions were most helpful to facilitate implementation. DISCUSSION: Inclusion and continual engagement of coaches or other relevant stakeholders may lead toward increased implementation across amateur youth sports, thereby reducing the overall burden of ACL injuries. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(3):187-193. Epub: 15 May 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.11633