During the last 15 years, the proportion of accidents in the working columns at Nizhnevartovsk oil deposits in West Siberia has increased in the main because of corrosion in the underground parts: lining tubes (LT), pump-compressor tubes (PCT), and deep pumps (DP). Corrosion damage (leaks) in lining tubes and columns is the most common cause of accidents during the exploitation of boreholes. Accidents with lining tubes, particularly with deep wells, cause serious complications and reduce the productive parameters of oil companies and adversely affect the cost of the extracted oil. Tube fracture and leakage occur as a rule because of point corrosion (pitting) on the inner and outer surfaces, as well as stress corrosion cracking caused by hydrogen and sulfide corrosion. Apart from accidents related directly to the tubes, there are ones caused by damage to the deep pump columns (fracture and fall of columns). Such damage, if not promptly detected or not envisaged, leads to accidents such as the fall of the column into the borehole. Major repairs to oil borehole equipment at the Samotlor deposit have shown that those caused by corrosion of lining and pump compressor tubes occasioned a rise in the metal consumed in major repairs in 1993‐1995 by a substantial factor, which was due to an attempt to provide reliability in the LT and PCT by increasing the wall thicknesses. In that connection, the corrosion of the LT, PCT, and DP has become particularly important as the Samotlor oil deposit is entering the last stage of exploitation, which is associated with high water contents of the oil (90‐95%). We have examined the corrosion resistance and failure caused by hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) and sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC) of LT, PCT, and DP in the oil industry by comparison with foreign analogs; we have evaluated the use of these Russian equipments at oil deposits with low hydrogen sulfide concentrations and with stratal waters whose pH is close to neutral, which is characteristic of the West Siberian region; from this we have drawn up recommendations to improve the quality of Russian tube materials for oilfield purposes. Particular attention has been given to the direct extraction of the product from the borehole and the primary processing amongst the various technologies used in oil extraction and refining. The metal structures there are the first to experience the action of the products. The LT, PCT, DP, and so on should have high reliability, since failures in the fittings lead to considerable material and financial damage, while the emergencies may cause oil gushers and fires. The LT and PCT are the most important and expensive components in the borehole equipment used in extracting oil and injecting water. The gas‐liquid mixture rises from the stratum to the surface along the PCT no matter what the mode of extraction (gusher, gas-lift, or mechanized). The annular space formed by the inside of the lining tube and the outside of the