Lower Compassion Satisfaction Research Articles

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue Among Emergency Medicine Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia

Introduction: While compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue (CF) have been extensively researched and reported all across the world, limited data is available on these parameters from the Emergency Departments (ED) of large hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Hence, this study was conducted to generate evidence on the prevalence and risk factors of CS and CF among ED professionals in a large tertiary care hospital in the country. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a self-administered, survey-based demographic questionnaire. The Professional Quality of Life scale version 5 was used to assess the prevalence of CS and CF in the study population. CF was defined as a composite of Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) and Burnout (BU). Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation of CS, STS and BU with demographic risk factors. Results: A total of 151 ED professionals participated in the study. The overall score of 37.7 ± 6.84, indicated a moderate level of CS, which increased with advancing age (younger age [25-29 years versus >40 years]; p=0.0344). The study also reported moderate levels of STS and BU scores, 24.4 ± 6.93 and 25.6 ± 6.25 respectively. Significantly lower CS and BU and higher STS levels were reported among females versus males; p=0.0023, p=0.0284 and p=0.0274 respectively. The BU levels significantly decreased with advancing age (p=0.0005). Nurses in the ED experienced higher BU versus doctors (p=0.0295). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study from Saudi Arabia to assess CS, STS and BU, in a cohort of emergency doctors as well as nurses. The study highlights a trend of poor professional satisfaction, coupled with rising levels of fatigue and emotional drainage, among ED professionals in a large tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. This indicates a growing cause of concern, warranting urgent redressal and future research in the country

Professional quality of life and job satisfaction among nurses working at tertiary hospitals in central Ethiopia

BackgroundProfessional quality of life is a crucial aspect of healthcare professionals’ well-being and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction, on the other hand, encompasses fulfillment of desired needs within the work environment, happiness or gratifying emotional response towards working conditions, and job values or equity. Existing literature tends to address job satisfaction and professional quality of life separately, overlooking their interconnectedness, especially within the unique context of Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess nurses’ professional quality of life and job satisfaction.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1–30 2023 among 420 nurses using a structured questionnaire. The study participants were recruited by simple random sampling. Multiple linear regressions were used to identify factors associated with outcome variables.ResultsThe study involved 420 nurses, with 407 completing the questionnaire, yielding a 96.68% response rate. The findings revealed varying levels of professional quality of life. Specifically, 258 participants (63.4%) exhibited low compassion satisfaction, while 271 (66.6%) and 266 (65.4%) experienced average levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress, respectively. Job satisfaction was moderate to high for 55% of the participants. As the finding of this study indicates, there is a positive correlation between compassion satisfaction and job satisfaction in nursing. The study also identified predictors for job satisfaction, compassion satisfaction, and compassion fatigue, such as marital status, education, and experience.ConclusionThe majority of participants reported a medium level of compassion satisfaction, with a significant proportion experiencing moderate to high levels of compassion fatigue. Although more than half of the participants had moderate to high job satisfaction, there were still low levels of satisfaction. The study recommends developing targeted training programs, implementing workplace policies, and designing initiatives to enhance education, experience, and compassion satisfaction.

Empathy and Coping Strategies Predict Quality of Life in Japanese Healthcare Professionals.

Burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS), also referred to as compassion fatigue, are undeniable negative consequences experienced by healthcare professionals when working with patients. As frontline healthcare professionals are essential to communities, it is crucial to understand their mental health and how they cope with negative psychological responses. This study investigated the relationships between burnout, STS, compassion satisfaction, dispositional empathy, and stress management among Japanese healthcare professionals and students taking care of patients in clinical practice. The participants were 506 Japanese healthcare professionals and students (doctors, nurses, medical students, and nursing students) affiliated with Japanese Ministry of Defense Hospitals. The data were collected from March 2020 to May 2021. We assessed burnout, STS, and compassion satisfaction using the Professional Quality of Life Scale, dispositional empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and coping with stress using the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE). Exploratory factor analysis of the Brief-COPE yielded three factors: active coping; support-seeking; and indirect coping. Personal distress, a self-oriented emotional empathy index, was related to higher burnout and STS scores and lower compassion satisfaction. Empathic concern, an other-oriented emotional empathy index, was associated with lower burnout and higher compassion satisfaction. Active coping strategies were associated with lower burnout and higher compassion satisfaction, whereas indirect coping strategies were associated with higher burnout and STS scores. In a comparison of empathy in professional categories, nurses presented higher personal distress than nursing students, and medical doctors showed lower fantasy tendencies than medical students. These results imply the complex relationships between empathy, coping strategies, and psychological responses among healthcare professionals. Further longitudinal study is needed to explore these complex relationships and to develop more precise and effective psycho-educational interventions to prevent burnout and STS.

Assessing the professional quality of life in the context of pediatric care.

This study examines the professional quality of life (ProQOL), including compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue (CF), burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) among registered nurses in the context of pediatric care in Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia. This study utilised a random multistage sampling method and a survey to collect data from 250 participants on personal characteristics, work-related aspects, lifestyle, and professional quality of life. The study participants were all female. Only 2.0% were under 25, with 27.2% aged between 25 and 30 years, 24.0% aged between 31 and 35, and 26.4% over 40 years old. The majority, 74%, were non-Saudis. The participants reported low compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue (CF) levels. The CS, burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) scores were 3.23±0.764, 2.75±0.68, and 2.69±0.54, respectively. The study found a significant difference in ProQOL level based on factors such as age, nationality, previous experience, department, shift length, overtime work, state of overtime (mandatory versus optional), and salary. Working with vulnerable groups poses unique challenges for pediatric nurses. The nationality, salary, and state of overtime were found to be significantly different when compared to CS scores. Additionally, age, department, previous experience, shift length, and overtime work were very different compared to CF scores. However, lifestyle factors did not affect CS and CF scores significantly. To improve their well-being and interest in activities, pediatric nurses should practice self-compassion and utilise available educational resources such as workshops. They should also strive to achieve a work-life balance and adopt healthy habits to reduce CF.

Utilizing a HRSA Training Grant to Promote PMHNP Student Resilience: Answering the Call to Enhance Trauma-Informed Teaching and Learning Practices in Nursing Education

Nursing burnout has reached a new level of prevalence among professionals and is rising among nursing students and can impact student success in the classroom and clinical areas. Among advanced practice nurses, psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioners have the least favorable combination of low compassion satisfaction and high secondary traumatic stress, placing them at even greater risk for burnout compared to other specialties. Trauma informed teaching and learning principles can serve to prevent burnout and have a positive impact on learning outcomes. Through these teaching methods, nurse educators have the opportunity to both support students during their nursing education and prepare students for the professional stressors that contribute to burnout. This quality improvement project involved implementation and evaluation of a HRSA funded program to train PMHNP students interested in working in rural and underserved areas. The training intervention included didactic curricular enhancements, a trauma resiliency training and a longitudinal clinical practicum. Qualitative program outcomes indicated that trainees were implementing trauma-informed principles and skills with patients and for self-care during their nursing training and at one year follow-up. The program may offer practical upstream solutions for nurse educators and future studies should explore concepts more formally to develop best practice models.

Impact of immigration and discrimination on vocational wellness for immigrant mental health professionals

AbstractThe current study examined how personal and career factors impact professional quality of life for mental health professionals who are immigrants in the United States (n = 108). Professional quality of life was measured with constructs of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout. Researchers explored which personal and career factors best predicted compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue related to work environments in mental health using correlational analysis. Demands of immigration and frequent experiences of discrimination significantly predicted high compassion fatigue and low compassion satisfaction. Findings and implications explore career wellness and longevity for mental health professionals who are immigrants.

Psychological Hardiness and Compassion Satisfaction Among the Turkish Red Crescent: The Case of 2023 Kahramanmaras Earthquake.

This study assessed psychological hardiness and compassion satisfaction among the Türk Kızılay (Turkish Red Crescent) personnel and volunteers involved in the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake. Additionally, the relationship between compassion satisfaction and psychological hardiness was also investigated. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2023. Participants completed an online survey, which included the Sociodemographic Information Form, Psychological Hardiness Scale, and Compassion Satisfaction Scale. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, USA), using a significance level of 95% and p < 0.05. The study involved 400 participants, comprising 84 (21%) personnel and 316 (79%) volunteers. Participants exhibited an average psychological hardiness level of 24.56 ± 7.25 and a compassion satisfaction level of 47.40 ± 17.28. A significant positive correlation was observed between compassion satisfaction and psychological hardiness (r = 0.571; p < 0.001). The results of logistics regression have revealed that the level of psychological hardiness is higher in males compared to females (OR = 1.930, CI = 1.115 - 3.340; P < 0.05) and is also higher in those with high compassion satisfaction compared to those with low compassion satisfaction (OR = 1.386, CI = 1.256 - 1.529; p < 0.001). The findings of this study indicate that individuals involved in disaster response should consider compassion satisfaction as an important tool for enhancing psychological hardiness.

The mediating role of coping styles between nurses’ workplace bullying and professional quality of life

AimsThis study aimed to explore the relationship between workplace bullying among nurses and their professional quality of life, as well as the mediating role of coping styles between the two factors.BackgroundIn China, the overall status of nurses' professional quality of life is not optimistic, and the problems of low compassion satisfaction and high compassion fatigue persist. Workplace bullying, which is a serious global issue, can negatively impact the mental health and professional quality of nurses. However, it has still not attracted enough attention from managers.MethodsThe study used a cross-sectional research design and surveyed 297 clinical nurses from two tertiary grade A hospitals in Wuhan, China. Data were collected through an online questionnaire survey from March to May 2022. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, including Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling.ResultsThe score for nurses' workplace bullying was 38.72 ± 12.30. The scores for the three dimensions of professional quality of life were 27.56 ± 4.79 for compassion satisfaction, 30.51 ± 4.33 for burnout, and 28.47 ± 4.65 for secondary trauma stress. The scores for positive coping style and negative coping style were 34.59 ± 5.72 and 20.34 ± 5.08 points, respectively. Workplace bullying had a direct negative effect on compassion satisfaction, as well as positive direct effects on burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Coping styles played a mediating effect between workplace bullying and the pairwise relationships of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary trauma stress.ConclusionWorkplace bullying hurts nurses' professional quality of life while coping styles plays an mediating role between workplace bullying and professional quality of life. Nursing managers can improve nurses' professional quality of life by reducing workplace bullying and enhancing positive coping style.Implications for nursing managementNursing managers can employ management wisdom and techniques to mitigate the presence and detrimental effects of workplace bullying. This, in turn, promotes a positive work environment and enhances the professional quality of life for nurses.

Prevalence of compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and associated factors among nurses working in cancer treatment centers in Ethiopia, 2020

BackgroundOveruse of compassion for those under the care may threaten their professional life. In Ethiopia, there is limited study on the consequences of compassionate care. Therefore, the study assessed the effects of compassionate care among nurses.ObjectiveTo quantify the prevalence of compassion satisfaction, burnout, compassion fatigue, and associated factors among Nurses.MethodsInstitution-based quantitative cross-sectional design was conducted in five randomly selected public hospitals in Ethiopia, from May to April 2020. All the nurses who were working in the cancer treatment centers of the five hospitals were included in the study. Data were collected using a standard self-administer structured question using the Professional Quality of Life Scale (PROQOL) instrument version 5. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS 21version. Descriptively: frequency, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics: t-Test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple linear regression analysis were computed.ResultThe majority of respondents 154 (67.0%) were female. The age of the participants ranges from 20 to 65 (32.06 + 7.45) years. The mean (SD) scores for the dimensions of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue were 34.41 (6.74), 27.70 (4.24), and 35.83 (7.78) respectively. Neuroticism personality trait had positivity related to compassion fatigue (P = 0.001). Nurses who received low monthly income had significantly lower scores for compassion fatigue (P = 0.002). We found friend support, openness, sex, and agreeableness explained 32.7% (p < 0.024) of the variances in compassion satisfaction.ConclusionIn general the study found high compassion fatigue and low compassion satisfaction. Further, having low income and neuroticism personality were related to compassion fatigue, while agreeableness, consciousness, and openness personality were related to compassion satisfaction. Therefore, attention should be given to nurses working in cancer centers to ensure positive energy.

The Effect of a Mindfulness Phone Application on NICU Nurses' Professional Quality of Life.

Evidence suggests that mindfulness training using a phone application (app) may support neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses in their high stress work. If effective, phone apps could improve nurses' professional quality of life (QOL) defined as compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue (CF) that includes burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS). To test the hypothesis that use of a mindfulness phone app will increase NICU nurses' professional QOL. Using a single-group, pre/posttest design, investigators invited a convenience sample of 54 NICU nurses from a 377-bed Magnet-recognized, nonprofit hospital to complete a demographic sheet and 2 established scales: the Professional Quality of Life scale, version 5 (ProQOL5), and the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The intervention was nurses' using the mindfulness phone app, Premium Moodfit , for 3 weeks. Response rate was 41% (N = 22). A paired t test for the 9 nurses who returned both pre- and posttest questionnaires showed that their STS fell from moderate to low ( P = .003), while their low BO scores ( P = .12) and moderate CS scores ( P = .4) remained stable. Wilcoxon tests confirmed results: only STS decreased ( P =.01). The hypothesis was partly supported. Using the Premium Moodfit mindfulness phone app may improve or maintain NICU nurses' professional QOL even under heightened stress. Individual nurses may independently access Moodfit and the free ProQOL5. Replication studies are warranted to confirm results and establish trends.

Compassion fatigue and COVID‐19: A global view from nurses

Due to the rapid spread of COVID-19 variants, the number of people hospitalized for COVID-19 may create psychological burdens on nurses. Nurses with high levels of compassion fatigue (CF) are more likely to make work errors, deliver poor-quality care, and have greater intent to leave their position. This study utilized the social-ecological model to examine factors associated with nurses' CF and compassion satisfaction (CS) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from the United States, Japan, and South Korea from July to December 2020. The Professional Quality of Life Scale was used to measure burnout (BO), secondary traumatic stress (STS), and CS. Data from 662 responses were used in the analysis. Mean scores were 25.04 (±6.44) for BO, 24.81 (±6.43) for STS, and 37.85 (±7.67) for CS. Multiple regression analyses indicated that resilience and intention to leave nursing were related to each study outcome (i.e., BO, STS, and CS). Greater resilience predicted lower BO and STS but greater CS, whereas intention to leave nursing indicated greater BO and STS, but lower CS. Furthermore, intrapersonal factors and organizational factors (i.e., nurses involved in developing policies to prepare for COVID-19 patients, organizational support, and personal protective equipment [PPE] provisions) were related to BO, STS, and CS. To promote nurses' psychological well-being, improvement of organizational factors such as support, PPE, and programs to enhance resilience is recommended to prepare for future emerging infectious disease crises.

‘Caring for the helpers’: factors associated with professional quality of life among Hong Kong nurses during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Background: Western studies have found that nurses are likely to experience both positive and negative emotions in their job, as a helping profession [professional quality of life (ProQoL)] during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and that psychosocial and work-related variables (e.g. pandemic-related stressors, interpersonal and organizational support, coping strategies) are associated with such outcomes. However, relevant studies on nurses in the Asian context are limited. Objective: This study examined the psychosocial correlates of three indicators of ProQoL, i.e. compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress (STS), and burnout, among nurses during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. Method: Nurses in Hong Kong (N = 220) working in hospitals and community settings during the COVID-19 pandemic were recruited between 24 May and 27 June 2022 through nursing associations to complete an online survey measuring the aforementioned psychosocial variables. Results: Hierarchical regression results found that stressors from clinical work environments, insufficient emotional support, and less positive reframing were associated with poorer ProQoL (i.e. lower compassion satisfaction; higher STS and burnout) (β from 0.16, p > .05, to 0.44, p > .001). In addition, COVID-19-related worries/uncertainties and emotional processing were associated with higher STS (β from 0.21 to 0.23, p < .01), whereas insufficient organizational support for communication with the healthcare system was associated with higher burnout (β = 0.12, p < .05). Conclusions: Our findings identified the important psychosocial determinants in ProQoL among nurses in Hong Kong and provide recommendations for services supporting the mental health of these nurses. Providing workshops for nurses to train their skills in coping with COVID-19-related uncertainties, worries, and stressors from the clinical work environment, in using adaptive coping strategies (e.g. positive reframing), and in soliciting emotional support from important others could facilitate their ProQoL. Moreover, the provision of organizational support through timely and transparent communication with the healthcare system could reduce STS in nurses.

The great resignation in higher education: An occupational health approach to understanding intentions-to-quit for faculty in higher education

The increase of resignations in education has continued to trend upwards, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study's aim was to develop a comprehensive investigation of key predictors and motivations for leaving academia. The key factors associated with intent-to-quit were: low perceived organizational support, high exhaustion, and low compassion satisfaction. Additionally, high rates of depression and anxiety were worse for faculty intending to leave academia. To improve retention, it is recommended that higher education institutions commit to increase support to faculty and to improve overall working conditions, in order to advert the predicted impending Great Resignation within academia.

Professional wellbeing and turnover intention among child therapists: a comparison between therapists trained and untrained in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

BackgroundPoor professional wellbeing and job turnover is challenging for child mental health clinics and despite an increasing interest in implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs) in mental health services, little is known about if and how using EBPs may influence therapists’ professional wellbeing and turnover intention. To investigate this, we compare the average level of compassion satisfaction, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and turnover intention between therapists trained in an EBP (Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy – TF-CBT) and untrained therapists. We also explore the prevalence of and the associations between these personal and organizational outcomes.MethodIn this cross-sectional study, the data is collected from a national sample of 373 therapists 5 years after an implementation program began (i.e., in the sustainment phase). The variables were measured by the Professional Quality of Life and the Turnover Intention Scales. The Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale was also used to measure therapists’ attitudes toward EBPs.ResultsOver 70% of the respondents reported medium to high levels of burnout, secondary traumatic stress symptoms, and compassion satisfaction, whereas one-third of the respondents reported a high level of intention to leave their job in the current or near future. Higher ratings on burnout and secondary traumatic stress were significantly associated with lower compassion satisfaction and higher turnover intention. Finally, we found significantly lower degree of burnout and turnover intention along with higher compassion satisfaction among TF-CBT therapists (n = 96), compared to other therapists who were not trained in TF-CBT (n = 231). These differences could not be explained by between-group differences in age, job tenure, educational background, or therapists’ attitudes towards EBPs. However, mean differences in ratings on secondary traumatic stress symptoms were not statistically significant.ConclusionAlthough the prevalence findings are in general alarming, the present study provides the first empirical evidence for a potential positive effect of being trained in TF-CBT on therapists’ wellbeing and turnover intention. We discuss these findings in the light of self-efficacy theory and the job demands-resources model.

Quantifying Compassion Fatigue in Ancillary and Clinical Staff in an Adult Emergency Department.

Emergency department (ED) staff are at a high risk for compassion fatigue (CF) due to a work environment that combines high patient acuity, violence, and other workplace stressors. This multifaceted syndrome has wide-ranging impacts which, if left untreated, can lead to adverse mental health conditions including depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. However, the majority of studies examining CF look solely at clinicians; as a result, there is little information on the impact of CF across other roles involved in supporting patient care. We conducted this study to establish the prevalence of CF across both clinical and non-clinical roles in the adult ED setting. For this single institution, cross-sectional study, all full- and part-time ED staff members who worked at least 50% of their shifts in the ED or within the adult trauma service line were eligible to participate. Using the Professional Quality of Life Scale, which measures CF via compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS), we assessed for group differences between roles using non-parametric one-way ANOVA. A total of 152 participants (response rate = 38.0%) completed the survey. This included attending physicians (n = 15, 9.7%), resident/fellow physicians (n = 23, 15.1%), staff nurses (n = 54, 35.5%), emergency technicians (n = 21, 13.8%), supportive clinical staff (n = 28, 18.4%), and supportive ancillary staff (n = 11, 7.2%). Across all roles, the majority of respondents had average levels of BO (median = 25.0, interquartile range [IQR] 20.0-29.0) and STS (median = 23.0, IQR 18.0-27.0) coupled with high levels of CS (median = 38.0, IQR 33.0-43.0). There was a difference in CS by role (P = .01), with nurses reporting lower CS than attending physicians. Secondary traumatic stress also differed by role (P = .01), with attending physicians reporting lower STS than both emergency technicians and nurses. Group differences were not seen in BO. Rates of compassion fatigue subcomponents were similar across all ED team members, including non-clinical staff. Programs to identify and mitigate CF should be implemented and extended to all roles within the ED.

Professional Quality of Life and Associated Factors Among Pediatric Glaucoma Providers

Even though physician burnout can negatively impact physical/mental health, ophthalmologists' quality of life (QOL) is understudied. Although managing high-risk diseases like pediatric glaucoma may lead to compassion satisfaction (CS), the responsibility of caring for very sick, demanding patients has been linked to higher burnout. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) constitute compassion fatigue, the negative effects resulting from helping those who experience stress. We assessed professional QOL, including CS, burnout, and STS, along with associated factors among pediatric glaucoma providers managing potentially blinding disease in children. Cross-sectional survey study. Pediatric glaucoma providers in the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network, American Glaucoma Society, and Indian Paediatric Glaucoma Society. Participants were sent an electronic survey of a validated instrument (Professional Quality of Life-Version 5) designed to measure burnout, STS, and CS, as well as questions related to demographics, lifestyle, training, and practice. Burnout, STS, and CS scores range from 10 to 50 and are classified into low (≤ 22), moderate (23-41), and high (≥ 42) subgroups. Burnout, STS, and CS. Seventy-six pediatric glaucoma providers completed the survey with resulting burnout (22.6 ± 6.3), STS (22.7 ± 6.1), and CS (42.3 ± 6.7) scores. Most respondents had low burnout (43, 56.6%), low STS (44, 57.9%) and high CS (48, 63.2%), though more than a third reported moderate burnout (33, 43.4%), STS (31, 40.8%), and CS (27, 35.6%). Older age and more years in practice correlated positively with CS, and age correlated negatively with STS (P < 0.05 for all). Frequent workday fatigue correlated positively with burnout and STS and negatively with CS, and frequent caffeine consumption correlated positively with burnout and negatively with CS (P < 0.05 for all). Members of a married or unmarried couple had significantly lower CS scores than single, divorced, or separated respondents (P= 0.022). Pediatric glaucoma providers derive a high level of professional satisfaction from their work, though many report moderate burnout and STS. To comprehensively address provider QOL, CS, and both components of compassion fatigue must be considered. Initial efforts may be focused on younger, early-career providers as this group had lower professional QOL scores than their older, late-career counterparts. Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.

Compassion Satisfaction, Occupational Stress, Burnout Syndrome, and Resilience Among Experienced Audiologists.

The aim of the research was to provide insight into compassion satisfaction (CS), resilience, burnout syndrome (BOS), and overall occupational stress levels of experienced audiologists. This study was based on a four-part online questionnaire consisting of the Audiology Occupational Stress Questionnaire, the Professional Quality of Life Scale (Version 5), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, and demographic questions. Fifty-nine audiologists with more than 5 years of experience completed the survey. Clinicians were from New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, the United States, Hong Kong, Israel, Singapore, and the United Kingdom. The findings illustrate that no audiologists experienced high BOS or low CS scores. Positive correlations existed between resilience and CS and between BOS and overall occupational stress. Negative correlations were found between resilience and BOS, BOS and CS, CS and overall occupational stress, and resilience and overall occupational stress. Resilience (p = .015), CS (p < .001), and overall occupational stress (p < .001) were identified as being significant predictors of BOS. The top five occupational stressors for audiologists were reported as being staff shortages, administration duties, paperwork and patient reports, patient or family expectations to fix a client's hearing, and the amount time available with each patient. The differences in occupational stress experienced by private versus public audiologists were minimal, always being below 1 Likert point. Although audiologists do not report high levels of BOS, they report stress in their workplace. As stress was a significant predictor of BOS, audiologists could benefit from interventions aimed at reducing workplace stress.

Moral injury in secure mental healthcare part II: experiences of potentially morally injurious events and their relationship to wellbeing in health professionals in secure services

ABSTRACT Healthcare workers in secure psychiatric settings operate within highly restrictive legal frameworks and are often exposed to ethically complex scenarios. They also have an increased risk of experiencing a constellation of occupational traumas, resulting from exposure to violence and self-harm, which cumulatively can affect wellbeing and violate deeply held moral codes. Moral injury, which results from perpetrating, failing to prevent, witnessing, or learning about acts that transgress deeply held moral beliefs and expectations, has been posited as a construct that can account for a range of deleterious psychological outcomes. The current study sought to explore whether moral injury was endorsed, and related to wellbeing, within a secure psychiatric setting. The cross-sectional survey data (N = 237) showed that exposure to potentially morally injurious events and distress resulting from such events, were prevalent in healthcare professionals. Furthermore, moral injury was predictive of higher secondary trauma and burnout, and lower compassion satisfaction. The perceived impact of COVID-19 was also predictive of secondary trauma and burnout, though held no relationship with moral injury nor compassion satisfaction. The findings indicate that models of occupational distress would benefit from including consideration of the morally challenging nature of working in secure settings.

Fulfilled but worn out: Evaluating compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among Gynecologic Oncologists (093)

<b>Objectives:</b> Professional quality of life is composed of positive (compassion satisfaction) and negative (compassion fatigue) components. Compassion fatigue is composed of two attributes: burnout and secondary traumatic stress (work-related trauma resulting from secondary exposure to people who have experienced extremely or traumatically stressful events). The objective of this study was to evaluate the professional quality of life of Gynecologic Oncologists. <b>Methods:</b> Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) members, classified as full member Gynecologic Oncologists, were surveyed via an anonymous RedCAP online survey regarding their professional quality of life. The survey was composed of a brief questionnaire assessing basic demographics followed by the ProQOL survey, a validated scale assessing the professional quality of life. This scale measured compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary trauma. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Associations between sociodemographic variables and professional quality of life components were analyzed using linear and logistic regression. <b>Results:</b> Of the 1,241 invited members, 151 (12%) completed the survey. The median age was 46 years old. Most respondents were female (60%), White (78%), and practiced in an academic institution (55%). ProQOL revealed that most respondents had moderate (57%) or high compassion satisfaction (41%) while few had low compassion satisfaction (1%). However, the majority also had moderate (63%) to high (2%) levels of burnout. Approximately half of the respondents reported a moderate (48%) or severe (2%) level of secondary trauma. Linear regression found that an increase in age was associated with increased compassion satisfaction (B=0.192, p=0.04) and lower rates of burnout (B=-0.217, p=0.02). Male respondents had lower burnout scores and lower secondary trauma scores when compared to those who did not identify as male (B=-0.181, p=0.05, and B=-0.179, p=0.06, respectively). Logistic regression found that those in a strictly academic practice environment were 2.12 times more likely to experience moderate or high levels of burnout than those in mixed or private practice (OR: 2.12, p=0.04). Female participants were 2.6 times more likely to report moderate or high secondary trauma than those who did not identify as female (p=0.02). <b>Conclusions:</b> Gynecologic Oncologists experience high levels of compassion satisfaction related to their work. However, they also experience a significant amount of compassion fatigue, as demonstrated by the moderate to high level of burnout and secondary trauma endorsed by many respondents. Sociodemographic factors, such as age, gender, and type of practice, may place some individuals at higher risk for compassion fatigue. This data may be used as a foundation for identifying and developing interventions to assist a significant number of Gynecologic Oncologists experiencing compassion fatigue.

Compassion Fatigue and Satisfaction in Nurses and Midwives during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Objective: To examine the levels of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction of nurses and midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic and the influencing factors.&#x0D; Methods: This descriptive study was carried out with the participation of Turkish midwives and nurses. In the study using the convenience sampling method, data were collected online using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire, created through the Google form, was shared between May and June 2021 in the midwife and nurse groups (Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp) on electronic platforms. Compassion fatigue (CF) and compassion satisfaction (CS) consisting of the burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) subcomponents were assessed by the Professional Quality of Life scale. The study was completed with 402 nurses and midwives from various units. Descriptive statistics, and the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used in the analysis of the data.&#x0D; Results: Among the participants, the rate of dissatisfaction with the clinic worked was 24.6% and the turnover intention rate was 70.6%. During the pandemic period, 75.6% of the participants reported that they were exposed to verbal violence, 7.7% to physical violence, and 74.4% to mobbing behaviors. Low CS was found in 24.9% of the participants, a high level of BO in 27.1%, and high STS in 32.8%.&#x0D; Conclusion: Violence and mobbing against nurses and midwives should be prevented in order to increase the professional quality of life.