Low Carbon Environmental Protection Research Articles

Static and Dynamic Evaluation of Financing Efficiency in Enterprises’ Low-Carbon Supply Chain: PCA–DEA–Malmquist Model Method

The dual-carbon target brings severe challenges to enterprise financing. Low-carbon supply chain financing has become a key measure by which enterprises break through the financing bottleneck. How to accurately evaluate and optimize the financial efficiency of a low-carbon supply chain is of great significance. We developed a financial behavior scale of the low-carbon supply chain for enterprises and constructed the evaluation index system for financing efficiency of enterprises’ low-carbon supply chain. Based on the qualitative and quantitative data of 205 listed companies, we combine the PCA model with the DEA–Malmquist model to conduct static and dynamic analysis of the financing efficiency of enterprises’ low-carbon supply chain. The results show that the financing efficiency of the culture, sports, and entertainment industries needs to be improved. The pure technical efficiency of information transmission, software, and information technology services is low. The total factor productivity index of water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, and the real estate industry fluctuated significantly. In this regard, enterprises must combine the characteristics of the industry and improve the financing efficiency of the supply chain using low-carbon processes of improvement, selection of low-carbon environmental protection materials, and collaborative supply chain emission reduction to break the financing constraints of enterprises and promote the realization of the national dual-carbon target.

Can the opening of China railway express reduce urban carbon emissions? a Difference-in-differences analysis in China

In the background of global “carbon neutrality,” China Railway Express (CRE) is contributing to the long-term development of low-carbon environmental protection while promoting economic growth. Based on panel data of 284 cities at the prefecture level and above in China from 2003 to 2019, we empirically investigate the impact and mechanism of CRE opening on urban carbon emissions using the multi-period DID model and mediating effect model. Under the assumption of meeting parallel trends, we find that the opening of CRE considerably lowers urban carbon emissions by .78 percentage points as compared to the control group. This finding holds after placebo testing, PSM-DID estimation, replacing key variables, excluding other policies and disturbances from the opening of the high-speed railway (HSR), and overcoming endogeneity problems. According to the findings of the mechanism tests, the influence of transportation substitution, improved industrial structure, economic agglomeration, and trade openness are crucial mechanisms for reducing carbon emissions by opening CRE. Further heterogeneity tests show that the carbon reduction effect of CRE opening is more pronounced in east-central China, larger and non-resource-based cities. Therefore, this study suggests that the Chinese government should pay attention to the positive effect of CRE on environmental protection. The government should accelerate the construction of comprehensive transportation infrastructure while rationalizing the layout of economic activities and population clustering.

Innovation in Economic Management of Architecture and Real Estate under Low Carbon Mode

In recent years, with the development of China's economy and the continuous acceleration of urbanization, in order to ensure that construction and real estate construction meet the strategic goals of low-carbon environmental protection and green energy conservation, construction enterprises should recognize the importance of innovation in real estate economic management under the low-carbon model, optimize, improve, and innovate the existing economic management system. Only then can we ensure that real estate enterprises move towards a long-term and stable path of sustainable development. This article conducts research and analysis on the innovation of economic management in construction and real estate under low-carbon mode.

Research on Architectural Design Innovation from a Low Carbon Perspective

With the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for residential functions are also increasing, that is, residential buildings should not only provide a safe and comfortable living environment for people, but also meet the low-carbon and energy-saving requirements of construction projects. Based on this, the article elaborates on the advantages of architectural design under the low-carbon concept, introduces the current development status of architectural design under the low-carbon concept, and proposes optimization strategies for architectural design under the low-carbon concept. It is necessary to use low-carbon environmental protection energy and building materials, optimize the surrounding environment of buildings, and fully utilize renewable energy, aiming to make strong contributions to the construction of ecological environment in China.

Study on the Development Path of Green Low-Carbon Environmental Protection Industry under the New Situation

This paper aims to study the development path of green, low-carbon and environmental protection industries under the new situation. Currently, the green, low-carbon and environmental protection industry has become an important field for economic and social development. This paper proposes two key development paths, namely strengthening policy guidance and promoting technological innovation, by outlining the current status of the green, low-carbon and environmental protection industry. In terms of policy guidance, it is recommended that the government develop supportive policies and regulatory measures to guide and promote industry development. In terms of technological innovation, it is recommended that enterprises strengthen independent innovation and technological cooperation to promote the innovation and application of green, low-carbon and environmental protection technologies. Through comprehensive analysis and empirical research, new ideas and references can be provided for the development of the green, low-carbon and environmental protection industry.

Ampere-level current density ammonia electrochemical synthesis using CuCo nanosheets simulating nitrite reductase bifunctional nature

The development of electrocatalysts capable of efficient reduction of nitrate (NO3−) to ammonia (NH3) is drawing increasing interest for the sake of low carbon emission and environmental protection. Herein, we present a CuCo bimetallic catalyst able to imitate the bifunctional nature of copper-type nitrite reductase, which could easily remove NO2− via the collaboration of two active centers. Indeed, Co acts as an electron/proton donating center, while Cu facilitates NOx− adsorption/association. The bio-inspired CuCo nanosheet electrocatalyst delivers a 100 ± 1% Faradaic efficiency at an ampere-level current density of 1035 mA cm−2 at −0.2 V vs. Reversible Hydrogen Electrode. The NH3 production rate reaches a high activity of 4.8 mmol cm−2 h−1 (960 mmol gcat−1 h−1). A mechanistic study, using electrochemical in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and shell-isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy, reveals a strong synergy between Cu and Co, with Co sites promoting the hydrogenation of NO3− to NH3 via adsorbed *H species. The well-modulated coverage of adsorbed *H and *NO3 led simultaneously to high NH3 selectivity and yield.

Green Low Carbon Environmental Protection under the Landscape Tourism Development Trend of the Research

Green Low Carbon Environmental Protection under the Landscape Tourism Development Trend of the Research

Application of blockchain technology in autonomous electricity transaction and settlement at the end of distribution network

Abstract With the deepening of the concept of low-carbon environmental protection, the use of renewable energy in social production has become more and more popular. More and more consumers in the distribution network have begun to change their identities to become consumers with the continuous reform of the electricity sales side. Electricity trading and settlement methods in the electricity market directly affect the relevant income of market entities, so a fair and reasonable settlement mechanism is an important factor for the normal operation of the electricity market. Electricity trading refers to the buying and selling of electricity commodities and services, including electricity trading, auxiliary service trading, and transmission rights trading. With the expansion of the electricity market, how to deal with the deviation of electricity is also a difficult problem that requires electricity settlement. This paper aimed to study the application of blockchain technology in the autonomous electricity transaction and settlement at the end of the distribution network. It was expected to use the blockchain technology to set up related transaction mechanisms, provide new solutions for electricity transaction and settlement, and improve the efficiency and fairness of electricity settlement. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management agencies or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. Except for the self-contained blockchain itself, through distributed accounting and storage, each node realizes information self-verification, transmission and management. On the basis of sorting out the principles of electricity balance and electricity price formation, this paper proposed a contract decomposition method with a higher degree of fit, and revealed the settlement principle of deviation electricity in the electricity market environment. Aiming at the application scenario of blockchain in the energy Internet, an energy trading platform based on blockchain was designed, and the test results showed the feasibility of blockchain in electricity settlement scenarios. The experimental results of this paper showed that in the traditional electricity purchase fee settlement, the average transaction price is stable at 0.6 yuan/KWh. In the blockchain settlement process, the electricity purchase is 25 yuan when the electricity purchase is 50 KWh. Therefore, blockchain settlement is used more frequently in the market, and the profits are higher.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Low-Carbon City Competitiveness under the “Dual-Carbon” Target: A Cross-Sectional Comparison between Huzhou City and Neighboring Cities in China

Under the background of “dual-carbon” target construction, the low-carbon environmental protection and ecological construction of Huzhou city in China have received high attention. To scientifically measure the low-carbon construction effect of the city, this study constructs a reasonable comprehensive evaluation system of low-carbon city competitiveness from four aspects, including low-carbon economic foundation, low-carbon lifestyle, low-carbon environmental construction, and low-carbon technology development. An integrated weight model of attributes consisting of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method is then established, and on this basis, an integrated TOPSIS model is constructed to assess the development of low-carbon competitiveness in Huzhou City. A horizontal comparative analysis of five cities around Huzhou is also conducted, and the current level of low-carbon competitiveness of cities in the central region of the Yangtze River Delta is further explored. Finally, several relevant reference suggestions for Huzhou city are provided to build an ecological model city and a green low-carbon national model and help the government to accelerate the pace of building a low-carbon city in the whole region.

Deconstruction of Urban Public Space Art Design Using Intelligent Sensor and Information Fusion

The main purpose of smart city is to improve the quality of life, improve the efficiency of life, and save the energy resources of life, which is in line with the current global concept of low-carbon environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction, and ecological sustainable development. Under the process of smart city, the development of urban public space is also committed to meeting the material and spiritual needs of residents’ lives. For the system hardware design, the street lamp node, and the concentrator node hardware design, the sensing node is composed of multiple sensors. Its main components are temperature sensor, infrared sensor, sound sensor, and light intensity sensor, which, respectively, realize the collection of temperature, infrared, sound, and light intensity information. The street light sensing system uses multisensor information fusion technology to detect the situation of people and vehicles in real time, so that people and vehicles can turn on the street lights and turn off the street lights of unmanned vehicles. Adjust the street light switch according to the intelligent analysis of the lighting demand scene in order to enhance the accuracy of the system to identify the lighting demand scene. This enables the system to provide safe lighting conditions for urban traffic while saving the power consumption of urban lighting. The sensor system of the street light randomly selects the detection results of temperature and humidity within a certain period of time. The error rate of the final test result is 1/2 of that of the traditional test, and the accuracy is far lower than that of the traditional measurement method. Regarding the lighting system of street lamps and public art in urban public spaces, it is worthy of extensive promotion to control street lamp lighting through sensor information fusion technology and reduce energy consumption.

Optimal dispatch of low-carbon integrated energy system considering nuclear heating and carbon trading

The development of miniaturized nuclear power (NP) units and the improvement of the carbon trading market provide a new way to realize the low-carbon operation of integrated energy systems (IES). In this study, NP units and carbon trading mechanisms are introduced into the IES to build a new low-carbon scheduling model. In view of the decrease in system operation flexibility caused by the introduction of NP unit, on the one hand, the heating renovation of the NP unit is carried out to make it a cogeneration unit, to expand its operating range and improve its operating flexibility; on the other hand, auxiliary equipment such as electricity storage system, heat storage system and power to gas unit, which can carry out energy time translation or energy form conversion, are introduced into IES to jointly improve the flexibility of system operation. In the model-solving stage, the chance-constrained programming (CCP) model considering the uncertainty of the renewable energy (RE) output is converted into an equivalent mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model using discretized step transformation. The test system built based on real data of an IES in North China shows that the proposed method has good economic and low-carbon environmental protection benefits.

Modeling of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Collaborative Dispatching System of Railway Passenger Transport Hub Based on Neural Network Algorithm

In order to solve the modeling problem of travel as a service (MaaS) collaborative dispatching system of railway passenger transport hub based on neural network algorithm, meet people’s needs, make up for the lack of high traffic travel pressure, and improve people’s living standards, through 30 random questionnaires, it is found that 28 people think that travel convenience improves their quality of life, and 2 people think that owning a car has little effect on travel convenience. Travel has always been people’s basic living needs. In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standards, there are more and more urban vehicles. At the same time, the increase of vehicles also directly leads to the increasing pressure of urban traffic travel, and the problems of vehicle emission pollution and traffic congestion are becoming more and more obvious. With the national low-carbon environmental protection policies, green transportation has become the theme of the times. With the continuous development of shared transportation mode and intelligent information technology, the new transportation concept of “Mobility as a Service” based on this technical mode will highly integrate the existing transportation modes and travel services. With the support of MaaS system, people’s travel modes will change greatly. Starting with the MaaS cooperative dispatching system of railway passenger transport hub, a multiparameter fuzzy neural network control system dispatching algorithm is proposed to better help the modeling of MaaS cooperative dispatching system of railway passenger transport hub.

Construction of Environmental Protection Management System Based on Low-carbon Environmental Protection Policy

Construction of Environmental Protection Management System Based on Low-carbon Environmental Protection Policy

Multi-layer coordinated optimization of integrated energy system with electric vehicles based on feedback correction

The integrated energy system with electric vehicles can realize multi-energy coordination and complementarity, and effectively promote the realization of low-carbon environmental protection goals. However, the temporary change of vehicle travel plan will have an adverse impact on the system. Therefore, a multi-layer coordinated optimization strategy of electric-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy system including vehicle to grid (V2G) load feedback correction is proposed. The strategy is based on the coordination of three-level optimization. The electric vehicle charging and discharging management layer comprehensively considers the variance of load curve and the dissatisfaction of vehicle owners, and the charging and discharging plan is obtained through multi-objective improved sparrow search algorithm, which is transferred to the model predictive control rolling optimization layer. In the rolling optimization process, according to the actual situation, selectively enter the V2G load feedback correction layer to update V2G load, so as to eliminate the impact of temporary changes in electric vehicle travel plans. Simulation results show that the total operating cost with feedback correction is 4.19% lower than that without feedback correction and tracking situation of tie-line planned value is improved, which verifies the proposed strategy.

Construction of a Large Visual Landscape Design Platform considering Low-Carbon Environmental Protection Based on Nanomaterials

Due to the diversity of design data, the display effect of landscape design is not ideal. Based on the analysis of the requirements of low-carbon landscape design, this paper constructs the hardware condition based on the data acquisition sensor, digital controller, image scanner, data storage device, and power control device and carries out Delaunay triangle netting for the terrain data preprocessed, reduces image shaking by introducing discrete elevation, and improves the image clarity by matching and optimizing the seed points of edge correlation to achieve high-quality visualization of landscape design. The test results show that the design platform can show the design effect completely and clearly.

An innovative low-NOx combustion technology for industrial pulverized coal boiler: Gas-particle flow characteristics with different radial-air-staged levels

The high-efficiency and low-emission utilization for industrial pulverized coal boilers (IPCBs) is significant to low-carbon environmental protection. The radial air staging is an innovative low-NOx combustion technology for IPCBs. Reasonable adjustment for gas-particle flow characteristics is necessary to reduce NOx emission. In this paper, the gas-particle flow characteristics in the furnace are investigated at different radial-air-staged levels. Parameters such as the 3D mean velocity under two radial-air-staged conditions (single-level and double-level arrangement) are obtained by a particle dynamic analyzer (PDA). In the furnace, there is a large central reflux zone. In the initial period of gas-particle flow (at the section with x/d = 0.2–0.7), in comparison to the single-level arrangement, there is a higher gas reflux rate (qr) for the double-level arrangement, which is more conducive to the pulverized coal (PC) ignition. In addition, when adopting the double-level arrangement, the air-staged degree is relatively large, and the gas-particle flow mixes later, which helps to reduce NOx even more. The scouring effect of particles on water-cooled walls can be weakened to a certain extent for the double-level arrangement. It is recommended that the double-level arrangement is adopted when applying radial-air-staged combustion technology in IPCBs.

Effect of Bimetallic and Halogen Ions on Performance in Inorganic Double Perovskites

In the context of low-carbon environmental protection, the de-leading of perovskite materials has become a hot spot in research, and replacing the position of lead in perovskites with suitable low-toxic elements is particularly important for improving the toxicity of perovskites. The proposal of all-inorganic bimetallic perovskites provides a new direction for the crystal structure composition of perovskites, and the substitution of lead ions by bimetallic ions greatly reduces the toxicity of perovskites and improves the stability of the material. However, new problems have also arisen, bimetallic perovskites have indirect band gaps will reduce the optical properties of perovskites, adjusting the band gap of compounds has become the main problem in the study of bimetallic perovskites, this paper reviews the impact of adjusting different B-bit ions and X-bit halogen ions on the performance of perovskites, and makes an outlook on the development prospects of perovskites.

Approaching the Double Carbon

At present, China ' s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and low-carbon environmental protection and green development is the proper meaning of high-quality development. This paper briefly introduces double carbon from three aspects: the profound meaning behind the “double carbon” goal, the opportunities and challenges faced by the “double carbon” goal, and the contribution of the “double carbon” goal to youth power, so as to enable more people to approach the “double carbon”, understand the “double carbon” and promote the development of the “double carbon”.

Optimality-guaranteed algorithms on the dynamic shared-taxi problem

Shared mobility has attracted increasing attention due to its advantages in relieving traffic congestion and low-carbon environmental protection. This paper studies the dynamic shared-taxi problem of the on-demand shared-taxi system, where we introduce a rescheduling ratio to measure the proportion of requests that can be rescheduled in the total scheduled requests. To match vehicles and passengers in the on-demand platforms with high quality and efficiency, we formulate the problem into a mixed-integer model and develop two optimality-guaranteed algorithms, the branch-and-price algorithm and the Lagrangian relaxation algorithm. The two algorithms share a common subproblem which is solved by dynamic programming in parallel to speed up the solving. Computational results reveal that the branch-and-price algorithm and the Lagrangian relaxation algorithm are significantly superior to the commercial solver (Gurobi) in terms of the solution quality, solvable problem size, and the computational time. Specifically, the branch-and-price algorithm is superior in solution quality, while the Lagrangian relaxation algorithm can obtain high-quality solutions for several large-scale instances faster. After that, we further compare the proposed algorithms with several commonly used heuristic algorithms to verify the necessity of developing optimality-guaranteed algorithms. Finally, sensitivity analyses of the rescheduling ratio factor are carried out to provide several insights for the shared-taxi platform on balancing the relationship between the system-wide profit and user experience.

The AHP (1-9 Value Scale) Level Method to Analyze the Development of Logistics under the Perspective of Low-Carbon Environmental Protection: Taking Shandong Province, China, as an Example

Reducing the total carbon emissions of the logistics industry is one of the basic requirements for the development of a low-carbon economy. Based on the AHP analytic hierarchy process and the 1-9 value scaling method, an evaluation index system for the low-carbon development of the logistics industry is constructed. At present, the development of low-carbon logistics requires the combination of low-carbon technology and low-carbon management to ensure the integrity and dynamics of low-carbon logistics control. The results of this study show that in the AHP index analysis of the development of logistics industry in Shandong Province, compared with 13 evaluation indexes of low-carbon logistics and traditional logistics, low-carbon logistics is significantly better than traditional logistics. Among them, the implementation of low-carbon logistics policy system has increased the energy utilization rate to 88.72%, the recovery rate of warehousing and logistics waste to 92.11%, and other relevant indicators have also been improved and optimized to varying degrees. Based on the EKC model curve, the total carbon emissions from 2015 to 2019 showed a downward trend month by month. The future development of low-carbon logistics mainly starts with reducing the total carbon emission of logistics transportation and improving energy utilization. Aiming at the main influencing factors of the development of low-carbon logistics, this paper puts forward specific measures for the development of low-carbon logistics, in order to promote the development of low-carbon logistics.