Low-carbon Development Strategies Research Articles

Low Carbon Development Strategy in the Rambat Menduyung Mangrove Forest Area of West Bangka

Indonesia is committed to reducing carbon emissions through low-carbon development. Mangrove ecosystems have a high carbon storage value that can support this development. There is a problem of high mangrove degradation caused by economic activities. One of the sectors causing mangrove degradation is the mining sector in the province of Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Low-carbon development strategies in mangrove areas are needed to support the increase of sustainable economic activities such as capture fisheries, aquaculture, and mangrove conservation. The objective of this research is to calculate the potential value of sustainable economic activities and develop a low-carbon development strategy in the Rambat Menduyung Mangrove Area. The methods used in this research are economic benefit analysis, benefit transfer analysis of carbon emission factors, and strategy analysis using interpretative structural modeling with Exsimpro software. The results of research suggest that potential economic activities that support low carbon development in mangrove areas, namely mangrove conservation, capture of marine biota, and blood clam production, produce economic benefits of IDR105,723,552,069/year. Prioritizing low-carbon development strategies by improving protection and law enforcement policies and increasing institutional capacity and community participation supported by adequate infrastructure from stakeholders, namely DKP West Bangka, KPHP Rambat Menduyung, and Belo Laut Village Government.

Low Carbon Development Strategy in the Rambat Menduyung Mangrove Forest Area of West Bangka

Indonesia is committed to reducing carbon emissions through low-carbon development. Mangrove ecosystems have a high carbon storage value that can support this development. There is a problem of high mangrove degradation caused by economic activities. One of the sectors causing mangrove degradation is the mining sector in the province of Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Low-carbon development strategies in mangrove areas are needed to support the increase of sustainable economic activities such as capture fisheries, aquaculture, and mangrove conservation. The objective of this research is to calculate the potential value of sustainable economic activities and develop a low-carbon development strategy in the Rambat Menduyung Mangrove Area. The methods used in this research are economic benefit analysis, benefit transfer analysis of carbon emission factors, and strategy analysis using interpretative structural modeling with Exsimpro software. The results of research suggest that potential economic activities that support low carbon development in mangrove areas, namely mangrove conservation, capture of marine biota, and blood clam production, produce economic benefits of IDR105,723,552,069/year. Prioritizing low-carbon development strategies by improving protection and law enforcement policies and increasing institutional capacity and community participation supported by adequate infrastructure from stakeholders, namely DKP West Bangka, KPHP Rambat Menduyung, and Belo Laut Village Government.

Spatio-temporal Differentiation of County Carbon Budget and Territorial Space Optimization Zoning Strategy in Gansu Province from the Perspective of Carbon Neutrality

Under the background of comprehensively practicing the overall system concept of the "living community" in the new era, incorporating the carbon neutral development goal into the territorial spatial planning and construction and establishing the territorial spatial pattern and optimization strategy in line with the actual development of Gansu Province are of great significance for promoting the comprehensive green low-carbon transformation and high-quality development of regional economy and society. Taking counties in Gansu Province as an example, based on the perspective of carbon neutrality research, the land use carbon budget of 87 counties in Gansu Province in 2010, 2015, and 2021 was calculated and analyzed. GIS spatial analysis and social network analysis were used to further explore their spatial differentiation characteristics and the overall characteristics of the carbon emission spatial correlation network. At last, combined with the main function zoning, the low-carbon oriented land space optimization zoning was carried out, and differentiated low-carbon development strategies were proposed. The results were as follows： ① Carbon emissions in Gansu Province showed an upward trend, but the increase rate decreased, showing a spatial distribution of "high in the central and eastern part of the country, low in the southwest." Construction land was the main carbon source. The carbon uptake showed a spatial distribution of "high in the south and low in the north, high in the west and low in the east." Woodlands were the main carbon sinks. The net carbon emissions showed an increasing trend, and approximately 58.62% of the counties in the province were in a carbon imbalance situation. ② In 2021, the spatial network of county carbon emissions was closely related, showing a "core-edge" pattern. The Chenguan District and Qilihe District were in the core position of the network and received more correlation relationships in the network. The network contacts in Longzhong area were frequent, followed by the contacts in Longdongnan area. ③ Based on carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, and ecological carrying capacity coefficients and using the results of spatial correlation of social networks as role positions, the province was divided into four carbon-neutral sub-districts. At the same time, superimposed analysis of the main function zoning, the county area of the province was reconstructed into seven territorial space zones, and the differentiated regional low-carbon optimization development strategy was proposed for each zone.

Realizing low-carbon development of industrial parks in China: Model construction and its application

As the main energy consumption and emission area, carbon emission reduction for industrial parks is a pivotal target for China. In this study, a multi-objective optimization model was established to quantitatively develop low-carbon development strategies for industrial parks that simultaneously considers land productivity, energy structure and efficiency, carbon emissions, and industrial structure optimization. A Monte Carlo method was adopted to investigate the uncertainties associated with emission-reduction technologies and economic development. A study on an industrial park showed that with the implementation of a series of fossil energy-saving measures, the percentage of clean energy in the park is projected to reach 62.6–72.2 %, while the percentage of output from energy-intensive enterprises relative to the total output of the industrial park decreases from 3.78 % in the baseline year to 1.74–3.29 %, and carbon emissions are projected to decrease by 69–85.4 % relative to the benchmarking scenario. This implies that the model developed in this study is effective and can serve as a roadmap for designing industrial parks to realize low-carbon development.

Spatiotemporal evolutions and reasons of land-use carbon emissions in counties, Shaanxi Province, China

Global warming caused by factors such as the expansion of construction land poses a major threat to the sustainable development of China. As an important component of China's low-carbon development strategy, there is a relative lack of analysis of the spatial and temporal evolution of land-use carbon emissions and the influencing factors at county-level. In this study, we employed Emission-Factor Approach to estimate carbon emissions from land use in 107 counties, Shaanxi province, China. Our findings revealed construction land were the primary contributors to carbon emissions, showing a substantial increase from 2000 to 2020. There was positive spatial autocorrelation in carbon emissions among counties, forming distinct aggregation patterns around the City of Xi'an and both the southern and northern regions of Shaanxi. By utilizing the Spatial Durbin Error Model (SDEM), demographic factors emerged as key drivers of carbon emissions, indicating the significance of addressing population concentration to curb emissions. Furthermore, promoting coordinated development and adjusting the economic structure in different counties can mitigate both population concentration and carbon emissions. Emphasizing industrial development and investments can also effectively suppress carbon emissions. Additionally, managing transportation-related emissions can be achieved by enhancing public transportation services and regulating private car usage.

Technical and economic study of renewable-energy-powered system for a newly constructed city in China

The power and transportation sectors are major carbon emission sources of cities in China, meanwhile, urbanization and industrialization remain the most important impetus for the Chinese economy. Thus, urban-level carbon mitigation is critical for China to realize a low carbon development strategy. This study designs two renewable-energy power-generation dominated power systems for a totally newly built Chinese city, Xiongan, considering emerging technologies, such as vehicle-to-grid as an energy storage facility and geothermal as a local renewable energy resource. The new energy systems are assessed from both economic and carbon emission aspects based on short &long terms power load forecasts. The simulation results shows that the optimal short-term system is a photovoltaic (PV)/geothermal generator/grid purchase/100 Li battery/converter. For the short term, the system's net present cost (NPC) is approximately $8.26B, and the average cost of valuable electrical energy (COE) produced by the system is approximately $0.0942/kWh. The optimal long-term system is a PV/geothermal generator /V2G/ converter, the NPC of the optimal system is approximately $47.7B, and the COE of the system is approximately $0.078/kWh. Energy bill and carbon emissions can both be cut sharply for the city if it adopts these new types of renewable energy dominated systems.

County land use carbon emission and scenario prediction in Mianyang Science and Technology City New District, Sichuan Province, China

The role of carbon emissions resulting from land use change in the compilation of national greenhouse gas emission inventories is of paramount significance. This study is centered on the Mianyang Science and Technology City New Area located in Sichuan Province, China. We used the CLUE-S model and Sentinel-2A remote sensing data from 2017 to simulate and validate land use changes in 2022. Based on this validation, we established three simulation scenarios: a baseline scenario, an agricultural development scenario, and a construction development scenario. Using remote sensing data from 2022, we projected the land use for 2030. We also used CO2 concentration data collected in 2022 and 2023, processed the data using ArcGIS and Python, and conducted a quantitative analysis of carbon emissions under each scenario. Ultimately, the accuracy of both measured and predicted CO2 values for 2023 was juxtaposed and authenticated, thus concluding the investigative cycle of this study. Key findings include: (1) The accuracy of the CLUE-S model in the study area was assessed using overall accuracy, quantity disagreement and allocation disagreement indexes. In 2022, the overall accuracy is 98.19%, the quantity disagreement is 1.7%, and the allocation disagreement is 2.2%. (2) Distinct land resource utilization characteristics in scenarios, highlighting potential impacts on economic development and pollution. (3) Increased carbon emissions across scenarios, with construction development showing the highest rise (4.170%) and agricultural development the lowest (0.766%). (4) The predictive accuracy of the validation group's CO2 concentration values can reach 99.5%. This study proposes precise CO2 prediction at the county level, thus laying the groundwork for future research endeavors. Such findings are indispensable for informing carbon policy formulation and promoting low-carbon development strategies.

Philosophical and Methodological Foundations of Economic-Mathematical Modeling in the Context of Achieving Goals of Sustainable Development and Energy Transition of The Russian Economy

In the 21st century, many countries intend to pursue the sustainable development goals, which were developed and defined by the UN General Assembly in the form of 17 interrelated objectives. The following regulated goals will ensure sustainable development in existing conditions and will form the foundation for a future development. To incorporate the energy transition process into national economic development, many countries are accepting appropriate low-carbon development strategies. The foundation of the strategy adopted in Russia is intersectoral calculations (estimates) as an environmental and climatic component. The target of this analysis is research philosophical-methodological foundations of economic-mathematical tools, which is used to identify structural changes (shifts) due to the energy transition and to ensure sustainable development of the Russian economy. Furthermore, the article shows a comparison of two models. The first of these tools is input-output tables, which is demonstrated in the report of the UN group of experts headed by V. Leontyev, and second is Meadows’ method, which is illustrated in first report of the Club of Rome. This comparison allows to justify the usage of tools, proposed by V. Leontyev, to assess the socio-economic consequences of the energy transition to provide the sustainable development of the national economy.

Efficiency Evaluation of Forest Carbon Sinks: A Case Study of Russia

Forest carbon sinks in Russia are an integral part of the national “Low-carbon development strategy”. However, the influence of natural disasters and various land use policies in economic regions (ERs) raises the issue of forest carbon sink efficiency (FCSE). This study adopted a DEA-SBM model that considers undesirable outputs to measure FCSE, and the Malmquist index (MI) approach to analyze total factor productivity (TFP) of forest carbon sinks, using panel data from 2009 to 2021. The results show that the average FCSE was 0.788, with an improvement rate of 21.2%. Scale efficiency is the main factor constraining FCSE in Russia. In twelve ERs, forest carbon sinks are efficient only in the Kaliningrad and West Siberian ERs. In general, forest carbon sinks in Russia are inefficient mainly due to forest fires and other natural disturbances (82.33%); excessive logging activities (38.64%); and lack of carbon absorption capacity (31.70%). The average score of their TFP is 0.970, indicating a decline of 3% over the study period. This is primarily attributed to the decline of 1.6% in technological change. The productivity of forest carbon sinks remained static only in the Kaliningrad ER, while other economic regions performed deterioration trends. Therefore, Russia should enhance the efficiency of forest carbon sinks.

Optimized low carbon scheduling strategy of integrated energy sources considering load aggregators

In the context of the global low-carbon energy development strategy, the massive influx of renewable energy leads to the instability of the power system, so it is necessary to carry out effective scheduling strategy and management mechanism for energy. On this basis, the Integrated Energy System including Electricity/Heat/Storage (EHSIES) is discussed in this paper. First, an ordered clustering method using a combination of simulated annealing and improved profile coefficients for load evolution number approximation is proposed. Second, a hybrid load clustering algorithm based on hierarchical clustering algorithm and K-means++ is presented and four types of load scenarios are obtained. Third, an Improved Harris Hawk Optimization (IHHO) algorithm based on the hybrid strategy is proposed and solved to the model of EHSIES. Finally, under the premise of the dynamic carbon trading mechanism considering historical compliance and load aggregator management, the scheduling strategies of flexible electric loads and thermal loads participating in EHSIES are discussed and solved by CPLEX. The results show that the solution time of IHHO is 50% and 33.3% lower than that of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Harris hawk optimization (HHO), and the number of iterations is 76.6% and 56.25% lower than that of PSO and HHO, respectively. In addition, considering a flexible load aggregator and a compliance-based dynamic carbon trading mechanism in EHSIES scheduling can effectively reduce the actual operating cost by 27.37%, the source-side energy spill rate by 68.75%, and the carbon emission by 51.92% and improve the operating efficiency and economic benefits of EHSIES.

Transitioning to a Сlimate-Resilient Society: Empirical Evidence on What Drives the Adoption of Green Computing Policies in Nigerian Organisations

Promoting all efforts that centres around environmental sustainability is a collective responsibility. This paper recognizes the axiom that embracing green computing principles across all sectors, not just in corporations, leads to low-carbon development strategies and contributes positively to our planet. Hinged on this perspective, this study was poised to succinctly identify what drives the adoption of green computing policies, justify them, and recommend strategic policies based on the existing experience of other developed countries. The present study employed convenience sampling, a widely used non-probability sampling method, where participants are selected based on their availability and willingness to participate in the study. Limitations that hinder the adoption of green computing policies in some Nigerian organizations were examined. Primary data was collected from 52 participants, specifically top managers on the awareness, adoption, or practice of green computing policies in their affiliated organizations. Most respondents claimed awareness of green computing policies, while the use of power management features was considered the most adopted green initiative. However, when respondents were asked whether their organizations were doing enough to reduce their carbon footprint and operational cost through green computing initiatives, most respondents (61.5%) claimed their organization was not doing enough in this regard. It is important to note that this study considered several factors that are critical for the adoption of green computing, namely knowledge transfer, financing, availability of basic infrastructure (energy supply), presence of investors and the increasing number of recycling centres. Additionally, this paper reasoned that achieving a climate-resilient society, particularly through the adoption of green computing principles, necessitates ongoing and deliberate efforts focused on public awareness, green investment, and stringent corporate green policy guidelines, with a focused training approach for every member of the organization.

Effects of plant community structural characteristics on carbon sequestration in urban green spaces

The structural characteristics of plant communities in urban green spaces have a significant impact on their carbon sequestration function. In this study, comprehensive data were collected from 106 plant communities (each 20 m × 20 m) in Zhengzhou Green Expo Park. We assessed aboveground and soil carbon storage, alongside maintenance carbon emissions, to quantify carbon dynamics. Our primary objective was to establish a statistical model that correlates the structural attributes of plant communities with their total annual carbon sequestration. This model aims to provide a quantitative framework for optimizing community structures to maximize carbon sequestration in urban green spaces. The results showed that density and coverage were significantly and positively correlated with aboveground and soil carbon stocks. Density and mean height were significantly and positively correlated with maintenance carbon emissions. Density played a key structural role in regulating the total carbon sequestration of the plant communities, being 27.24 times more effective than coverage. The total annual carbon sequestration of the plant community reached an optimal value of 327.67 kg CO2-eq/y−1 at a density and cover of 0.15 and 1, respectively. This study provides valuable data for increasing the carbon sink ability of urban green spaces through plant structure regulation and supporting low-carbon development strategies in urban management.

Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, influencing factors of land use carbon emissions, and low-carbon development in Hubei Province, China

Against the backdrop of global warming, carbon emissions have become a major concern. Carbon emissions from land use (CELU) play a significant role in shaping the efforts to reduce carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. Using the China Land Cover Dataset (CLCD) alongside socioeconomic data, we conducted comprehensive CELU calculations for Hubei Province. Our approach involves integrating a Markov time transfer matrix to delineate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of CELU, employing the Tapio elastic adaptation model to analyze the decoupling of CELU from economic development, and leveraging geographic detectors to identify the primary influencing factors and their interactions, both internally and externally. Subsequently, we formulated recommendations for low-carbon development in response to our findings. The key results are as follows. (1) Between 1995 and 2019, the total CELU in Hubei Province exhibited a consistent increase, characterized by an initial acceleration in growth followed by a gradual slowdown. (2) During the same period, Hubei Province witnessed multiple types of CELU decoupling, with weak decoupling emerging as a prevailing trend. (3) The explanatory power (q-values) of both internal and external factors influencing the CELU in Hubei Province ranged from 0.179 to 0.935. Moreover, the interaction results for these factors exceeded 0.5, indicating a significant overall effect. This study presents a low-carbon development strategy that offers a robust scientific basis for government policymakers to craft emission reduction strategies. Additionally, it serves as a valuable reference for fostering long-term high-quality socioeconomic development.

Change Management In the Energy Sector In Guyana: A Shift From Fossil To Renewable Energy Mix

This paper delves into the multifaceted realm of change management in transitioning from fossil fuels to a sustainable energy mix, spotlighting Guyana's unique position. With a global trend towards renewable energy driven by environmental concerns, countries like Guyana, blessed with significant oil reserves, face opportunities and challenges. Drawing insights from case studies of Denmark, The Kingdom of Norway, and Pakistan, key challenges such as economic barriers, technical complexities, regulatory issues, and social implications were identified. Success stories like Denmark's wind energy dominance and Norway's hydro-centric approach provide valuable lessons. However, challenges faced by countries like Pakistan emphasize the necessity of strategic planning. For Guyana, a nation experiencing explosive GDP growth and on the cusp of an energy revolution, recommendations include establishing clear policy frameworks, engaging stakeholders, promoting technological innovation, and investing in public awareness. Guyana could ensure a balanced, sustainable energy future by integrating these strategies and possibly revisiting its Low Carbon Development Strategy 2030.

Evaluation and prediction of carbon emission from logistics at city scale for low-carbon development strategy.

Low-carbon is a part of China's efforts to pursue the national strategy of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality." Meanwhile, the path of low-carbon transformation of logistics has become a topic of global concern. This study constructs a technical framework of logistics carbon emissions (LCE), which is composed of carbon emission evaluation, carbon emission prediction and low-carbon strategy. All 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu, China, are the application objects in empirical research. Then, the influence analysis of the LCE efficiency based on the panel Tobit model and the evolution of LCE under different scenarios are explored. The results show that: (ⅰ) during the study period (2013-2020), the LCE in Jiangsu showed an overall upward trend, with Xuzhou, Suzhou and Nanjing being the cities with the highest carbon emissions; (ⅱ) the static efficiency of LCE in Jiangsu is at a medium level, with fluctuations in Suzhou, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Nantong, and Suqian caused by the technical change index; (ⅲ) economic level, industrial structure, fixed asset utilization rate, and ecological environment in Jiangsu are significantly positively correlated with LCE efficiency, while education popularization and energy intensity are negative; (ⅳ) LCE in Jiangsu has been drastically reduced in the low-carbon scenario compared to the baseline scenario. On the above basis, this study proposes suggestions for the low-carbon development strategies of logistics in Jiangsu.

Realizing Low-carbon and Climate-resilient Development on Aquaculture

Aquaculture production supports food security, and it is an important commodity for Indonesia's exports. Climate change determines the sustainability of aquaculture production. Low-carbon development is an effort to control the impact of climate change from a mitigation standpoint, while climate-resilience development is an adaptation. In order to realize sustainable aquaculture in a broad and long dimension and in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is necessary to develop a low-carbon and climate-resilience development strategy. A descriptive analysis was carried out on a review of published literature to develop the concept of low-carbon and climate-resilience development in aquaculture. The keywords used in the literature search are the impact of climate change on aquaculture, low-carbon development, climate-resilience development, and achievement of the SDGs in aquaculture. The research that has been published mostly discusses the potential Green House Gas emissions (GHG) from aquaculture activities, is still very limited and explains efforts to mitigate and adapt aquaculture to climate change. Efficiency and use of alternative energy sources, increased productivity, feed efficiency and effectiveness, effluent management, disease control and water quality management, and superior seeds can be applied in low-carbon emission development. Meanwhile, climate-resilience development that can be implemented includes the implementation of Integrated Multi-Tropical Aquaculture (IMTA) and Regional Integrated Multi-Tropical Aquaculture (RIMTA), closed systems, and Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS), as well as ponds that integrate mangroves.

Ecological and Economic Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies in Rice Production: A Case Study of the Southern Rice Propagation Base in Hainan Province

Developing tailored emission reduction strategies and estimating their potential is crucial for achieving low-carbon rice production in a specific region, as well as for advancing China’s dual carbon goals in the agricultural sector. By utilizing water-saving and drought-resistant rice (WDR) with enhanced water and nitrogen utilization efficiency, the mitigation strategies were constructed for rice production systems, and their potential for emission reduction was estimated in the southern rice propagation base of Hainan Province. This study revealed that the implementation of a reduction strategy, which involves dry direct seeding and dry cultivation, combined with a 53% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer, can effectively synergize the mitigation of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from rice paddies. Compared with traditional flooded rice cultivation, this integrated approach exhibits an impressive potential for reducing net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 97% while simultaneously doubling economic benefits. Moreover, when combined with plastic film mulching, the strategy not only sustains rice yields but also achieves a remarkable emission reduction of 92%, leading to a fourfold increase in economic benefits. Our study provides a comprehensive low-carbon sustainable development strategy for rice production in the southern rice propagation base of Hainan Province and offers valuable insights for researching GHG emissions in other regions or crops. These emission reduction pathways and the assessment method could contribute to the realization of low-carbon agriculture.

Decarbonization of mining and steel sectors: experience of Kazakhstan

To strengthen its international position, Kazakhstan is updating the transition to economic decarbonization within the framework of the adopted long-term low-carbon development strategy. This article examines the current problems of decarbonization of the mining and metallurgical industry, which is one of the largest atmospheric pollutants. General scientific methods were used, including the descriptive method, methods of retrospective and cause-and-effect analysis, generalization and structuring of initial statistical data presented in the open press. It has been established that in the current situation of economic and political challenges, the growth of investments in renewable energy sources is focused not so much on achieving environmental indicators, but rather reflects the desireof countries importing energy raw materials to increase their energy security. It is substantiated that the development of ESG principles is becoming a primary factor ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises and the priority of internal production goals of sustainable development. The study analyzes the prospects for using the best available techniques in the low-carbon development strategy of industrial enterprises. The authors conclude that achieving carbon neutrality will require the state to adopt a systematic approach to coal mining as the main source of energy generation. It is shown that institutional measures that stimulate the decarbonization of the mining and metallurgical sector of Kazakhstan in the medium and long term will increase energy efficiency and accelerate the transition of industrial enterprises to renewable energy. The example of Kazakhstan can be useful for countries expanding the presence of mining and metallurgical enterprises in the international market by mastering various decarbonization mechanisms, disclosing information on sustainable development and taking into account ESG risks.

How economic transformation influence the employment of resource-based cities: Evidence from Shanxi Province, China

Shanxi Province is one of the regions with the highest concentration of resource-based cities in China. For a long time, its economic development relied on coal mining. To implement the low-carbon development strategy, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) established Shanxi Province as a Comprehensive Supporting Reform Pilot Zone for Resource-based Economy (CSRPZRE). This study aimed to make cost-benefit analyses of the CSRPZRE policy. We collected data of 284 Chinese cities from 2003 to 2017. DID models were utilized to estimate treatment effects of the CSRPZRE policy on CO2 emissions and employment. We further investigated mechanisms and heterogeneity of the CSRPZRE policy's impacts on employment. The study found that: (1) Due to the policy shock, both CO2 emissions and employment in Shanxi Province decreased by about 10%. (2) Industrial structure adjustment and foreign direct investment (FDI) utilization partially transmitted impacts of the CSRPZRE policy on employment. (3) Local governments' fiscal independence moderated treatment effects of the CSRPZRE policy on employment. (4) We confirmed that CSRPZRE policy reallocated workers from secondary and tertiary sectors to primary sectors. Finally, this paper summarized 3 experiences learned from the CSRPZRE policy pilot.

Option Pricing Practices Based on the B-S-M Model in Carbon Markets

Carbon trading refers to the buying and selling of carbon emission allowances, stimulating businesses to adopt low-carbon development strategies through price signals. By allocating limited emission allowances to emitters, the carbon market encourages the reduction of carbon emissions to achieve emission reduction targets. Market participants can compensate for emissions exceeding their own quotas by trading carbon emission allowances, thus minimizing the cost of emission reductions. The Chinese carbon market has a large trading volume and numerous development opportunities, but currently, the carbon financial market is not fully open. In comparison to Western countries, China lacks carbon emission derivatives such as futures, options, and swap contracts. The risk and return of carbon emission allowance options are estimated and managed using the B-S-M option pricing model. This paper utilizes data from the Shenzhen Carbon Emission Allowance Exchange as a sample to conduct option pricing practices for carbon emission allowances using the B-S-M model. The aim is to promote research and development in the carbon emission allowance market and contribute to the achievement of emission reduction goals.