Lower Burnout Research Articles

Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress among Respiratory Therapists in Mississippi: A Cross-Sectional Study

The COVID-19 pandemic had an immense effect on the well-being of healthcare professionals. In this study, researchers utilized a quantitative cross-sectional study design to investigate the degree of compassion satisfaction and fatigue amongst respiratory therapists in the state of Mississippi as a result of providing care to patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantitative data were collected using an anonymous online survey that assessed the well-being and satisfaction of licensed respiratory therapists in the state of Mississippi. More specially, survey responses (n = 326) were quantitatively evaluated to measure the association between demographic variables and compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS). Ninety-seven percent of participants reported a medium to high CS level, while 74% indicated having a medium to high level of BO, and 69% reported a medium to high level of STS. Neither age nor gender had a significant difference in CS (p = 0.504; p = 0.405), BO (p = 0.161; p = 0.285), or STS (p = 0.145; p = 0.252). Those working for more than 10 years at their current employer had higher CS (M = 38.7) and lower BO (M = 24.9) and STS (M = 24.8) scores. The number of hours worked, specifically overtime, had a significant impact on BO (β = 0.09, p = 0.028) and STS (β = 0.0.11, p = 0.019), but not CS (β = 0.02, p = 0.655). These findings suggest that the number of years employed in the field impacts the level of compassion satisfaction and contributes to lower levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress. The age of a patient may also affect levels of compassion and burnout. The results of this study highlight the importance of developing incentive plans in an effort to retain employees.

Abstract 12119: Work Environment, Burnout, and Intent to Leave Current Job Among Cardiology Team Members: Results From the National Coping With COVID Survey

Introduction: Burnout amongst cardiologists has nearly doubled since the COVID pandemic, but few data describe burnout or its relationship to work environment factors among cardiology team members. Methods: The National Coping with Covid (CwC) Survey included over 1300 cardiology healthcare workers (HCWs). We determined likelihood of burnout among different roles (physicians, advanced practice providers [APPs], nurses [RNs] and other clinical staff [OCS]). Multilevel logistic regression examined independent work life variables in predicting and mitigating burnout, and relationships of burnout to intent to leave current job. Results: The CwC Survey was completed by 1,396 cardiology HCWs (306 MD/ 173 APP/452 RN/ 105 OCS). RNs were most likely to report burnout (59% RNs, 56% OCS, 46% APPs, 40% physicians, p< 0.0001). Work overload was an independent correlate of burnout in all 4 groups, anxiety/depression due to COVID was meaningful in 3 groups, while childcare stress was not related in any group (adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs) 4-17, p’s < 0.005, Table). Feeling valued (FV) was associated with lower burnout in all groups except OCS. A sense of purpose was not significantly associated with lower burnout in any group, although there was a borderline association in physicians (aOR 0.53, p = 0.07). Intent to leave was common, and associated with burnout in all groups, especially APPs (r=0.66) and OCS (r=0.73, p’s < 0.01). Conclusions: Burnout, common among cardiology HCWs, is highest in nurses. While work life variables related to burnout differ between role types, burnout is consistently associated with intent to leave practice. Leaders should recognize that burnout is prevalent among team members, may have different contributors, and has consequences for retention. To prevent burnout in cardiology, strategies such as workload reduction, mental health services and explicitly and effectively valuing workers should be implemented.

Your work passion travels a long way home: Testing a spillover and crossover model of work passion among dual-earner couples

In this study, we investigate the spillover-crossover effects of two types of work passion (i.e., harmonious and obsessive) for dual-earner couples. Integrating the job demands-resources theory and the spillover-crossover model, we propose that one partner's harmonious work passion indirectly predicts high work engagement and low work burnout for the other partner through positive affect crossover. Similarly, the partner's obsessive work passion indirectly contributes to low work engagement and high work burnout for the other partner through negative stress crossover. We also suggest that perspective taking of the partner strengthens the proposed positive transmissions and mitigates the negative transmissions. We tested the hypotheses by sampling 129 dual-earner couples in the United States at two time points. Results confirmed that one partner's harmonious work passion and obsessive work passion both had indirect effects on the other partner's work burnout and work engagement via the positive crossover of positive affect and the negative crossover of stress, respectively. Our findings also suggested that the partner's perspective taking significantly shaped the spillover-crossover process between harmonious work passion and the partner's work engagement and burnout. We discuss implications for research and practice as well as future research directions.

Perceived Stress, Work–Family Conflict, and Burnout in Irish Certified Athletic Therapists

Burnout and its associated factors are a concern for U.S. athletic trainers, but no research has investigated it from an international perspective. We examined perceived stress, work–family conflict, burnout, coping, and self-care practices in Irish certified athletic therapists. Low burnout (41.0 ± 12.1) and moderate perceived stress levels (17.8 ± 6.2) were observed. Certified athletic therapists with children had significantly higher work–family conflict (p = .02, ) and time-based conflict (p < .001, ) than those without. Moderate resilient coping was noted (14.7 ± 2.5). Low burnout was found, likely due to the use of resilient coping strategies. Time was a limiting factor for both self-care and experiences of work–family conflict.

Grief Support and Coping Mechanism Mediate the Effect of Grief on Burnout Among Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis.

Patients' death caused the intensive care unit (ICU) nurses to grieve, which led to their burnout. Intensive care unit nurses use various coping mechanisms and need support to overcome grief. The aim of this study was to identify the mediation effects of coping mechanisms and grief support on the impact of grief on burnout. This cross-sectional study among 660 ICU nurses from 9 hospitals used 4 self-reported instruments to collect data, apart from the sociodemographic and employment-related variables. A final model was developed through structural equation modeling after establishing the construct validities of the measures through confirmatory factor analysis. The representation of ICU nurses from each hospital was greater than 50%, with the majority being female (90.8%) with a mean age of 27.27 years. Most nurses perceived the absence of grief, low burnout, and moderate to low grief support. The nurses use various coping mechanisms. Grief support significantly mediated the relationship between grief and burnout using a bootstrapping method with a mediation strength using the variance counted for (VAF) of 34.95%. The final model fit indices with acceptable values validated the direct and indirect relationships of grief, grief support, and coping mechanisms on burnout. The significant influence of grief support in mediating the effect of grief on burnout is an important finding. The nursing and hospital management can use this finding to provide grief support to ICU nurses, enhance the grief support resources, and promote future studies to test the model's validity and applicability to health care professionals who frequently face patients' death.

A study on measure of resilience and impact of demanding clinical training on young medical professional's burnout in a tertiary care hospital, Andhra Pradesh

BACKGROUND: The psychological state of medical students gaining concern on the part of medical institutions in several countries. Numerous studies are being conducted to study stress, burnout, and depression in medical students in India and globally. However, little is known about medical student resilience, particularly in India. The objectives of this study were to study the resilience, self-perceptions of stress coping skills, and burnout among medical students in clinical training in a tertiary care health center, to study factors associated with resilience among medical students in clinical training in a tertiary care health center and to study the relationship between resilience and self-perceptions of stress coping skills and symptoms of burnout. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare hospital in district Guntur, Andhra Pradesh from November 2020 to December 2020, among 186 adult male and female medical students, aged more than 20 years, enrolled in the regular degree course and part of patient care or at least last three months. Participants were randomly selected and a structured questionnaire with Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 10 was used for interviewing. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted to measure associations between outcome and explanatory variables. We used multiple linear regression to examine the association between dependent and independent variables. A P value less than. 05 was considered significant. RESULTS: In the present study, 109 (58.0%) were females. The mean age of the study participants was 25.4 years (standard deviation 2.78). The mean score resilience score of the study participants using Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 10 was 25.1 (standard deviation 7.97). Of the total 44 (23.7%) of the study, participants reported the presence of burnout. A significant positive correlation was between resilience and self-perceptions of stress-coping skills with a Pearson Correlation coefficient of 0.393. Among the study participants, the mean resilience score was higher among those not having any symptoms of burnout. In the hierarchical stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, male gender (P value = .014), financial independence (P value = .044), and absence of burnout symptoms (P value = .004) were significantly associated with higher resilience scores. Psychiatric medicine usage was significantly associated with a lower resilience score with P < .05. CONCLUSION: Our study samples had higher resilience and lower burnout prevalence compared to the West. The stressful clinical event experienced by medical students demands training and innovative strategies to foster communication and teamwork skills among medical teams.

Inclusive work environments as a pathway to an engaged child welfare workforce that intends to stay

Numerous workforce matters have converged as critical issues in the child welfare context, including the need to have a stable and healthy workforce and respond to increased diversity among workers. Little research has explored the role of work engagement in workers staying in their jobs. Furthermore, limited research has examined how work engagement and job burnout might moderate the relationship between an inclusive and just work environment and workers’ intentions to stay in the agency. Using cross-sectional data from 2,000 public child welfare caseworkers, this study examined how an inclusive work environment is related to the intention to stay in the agency. Furthermore, the study examined the influence of work engagement and burnout on the relationship between inclusive work environments and intention to stay in the agency. Multiple regression analyses were conducted, with results suggesting that organizational justice was significantly related to intention to stay in the agency among White and BIPOC caseworkers. Inclusive leadership was significantly related to intention to stay in the agency only among BIPOC caseworkers. Work engagement and job burnout were significantly related to intention to stay in the agency for White and BIPOC caseworkers, and job burnout moderated the relationship between inclusive leadership and intention to stay on the job among BIPOC caseworkers who reported high levels of inclusive leadership and low job burnout.

Gambaran Burnout Akademik Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Angkatan 2021

A heavy academic burden puts medical students at a higher risk of experiencing academic burnout when compared to the general population. Academic burnout is a term used to describe emotional reactions in the form of fatigue, depersonalization, and decreased self-efficacy in students. This study aims to determine the description of academic burnout in Airlangga University medical students class of 2021. This study used an observational analytic study design with a cross-sectional research design to determine the description of academic burnout in medical study program students. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University in February–May 2023. Measurement of the level of academic burnout in students was carried out using an online school burnout inventory questionnaire via gform. Respondents who took part in the study amounted to 93 respondents with the majority of respondents 60 students (64.5%) were female and 33 students (35.5%) were male, the age of the respondents was 17-21 years. The most common category of academic burnout found in low category of academic burnout represented by 30 students (32.3%), 8 students (8.6%) with very low academic burnout, 28 students (30.1%) with medium academic burnout, 22 students (23.7%) with high academic burnout, and 5 students (5.4%) with very high academic burnout.

Implementation of a pharmacy residency wellness program: Impact on burnout and mindfulness and lessons learned

Background and purposeAttention to wellness in the pharmacy workplace is occurring. To maintain accreditation, pharmacy residency programs must incorporate wellness and resilience initiatives. Educational activity and settingOrlando Health created a pharmacy residency wellness program for post-graduate year one (PGY-1) and post-graduate year two (PGY-2) pharmacy residents to address wellness and burnout. The wellness program included assignment of a mentor, development of a personal wellness plan, completion of monthly reflections, and wellness and resiliency training. FindingsPharmacy residents anonymously completed the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) at the beginning and end of the residency year. A total of nine pharmacy residents were eligible to participate in the wellness program. Eight residents completed the pre-survey, and seven residents completed the post-survey. No change was observed in the overall median OLBI score (pre-program = 35 [IQR 31.5–37.3] and post-program = 36 [IQR 31–37.5]; P = .683). Similar results were found on the OLBI for disengagement and exhaustion, correlating with low burnout risk. There was no change in the overall median MAAS score (pre-program = 3.7 [IQR 3.6–4.1] and post-program = 3.8 [IQR 3.5–3.9]; P = 1.000). Overall, feedback from the pharmacy residents after program completion was positive. SummaryPharmacy residents participating in the wellness program at our institution had low risk for burnout and a high level of mindfulness pre- and post-program completion. Pharmacy residents enjoyed participating in the wellness program and found the program to be valuable, supporting its continued implementation.

Swiss cohort of healthcare professionals & informal caregivers (SCOHPICA): baseline survey's results

Abstract Background Worldwide, health systems face workforce problems such as personnel shortages, low job satisfaction and burnout. In Switzerland, data is insufficient to address this health system crisis. Hence, the Swiss COhort of Healthcare Professionals and Informal Caregivers (SCOHPICA) aims to study healthcare professionals (HCPs) and informal caregivers’ experiences, well-being, and career/personal trajectories. Results of the baseline survey on HCPs (completed in January 2023) are reported. Methods SCOHPICA is an open prospective cohort. Any HCP working with patients in any healthcare setting in Switzerland was eligible. The data was collected with a self-reported electronic questionnaire. Outcome variables are intents to stay in the job/profession/health sector and well-being; we also explored organizational, psychosocial, psychological and occupational factors, as well as sociodemographic and socioprofessional variables. Results The baseline sample included 1707 HCPs, with 32% registered nurses, 12% physicians and 9% physiotherapists among others. In the next few months, 20% of HCPs “not really/not at all intended to stay in their job”, 13% “in their profession” and 11% “in the health sector”; “not intending to stay in the profession” was highest among healthcare assistants (HCAs), nurses and pharmacists. Well-being was also low for these HCPs. Across other factors, pharmacists, physicians, and nurses showed worse scores than other HCPs, especially for workload and work-life balance. HCAs, pharmacists, and nurses reported more burnout and worse self-rated health. Conclusions Results revealed that some categories of HCPs had a lower intent to stay in their profession, and worse working conditions and experiences, such as nurses and pharmacists, compared to other HCPs. Future data collections, findings and data dissemination through a data repository will support decision-makers and public health policies with first-hand evidence. Key messages • SCOHPICA is the first cohort study to examine the working conditions, intents to leave/stay in the profession, well-being and trajectories of all types of healthcare professional across Switzerland. • At baseline, 13% of healthcare professionals did not intend to stay in their profession; pharmacists and nurses reported worse working conditions and experiences than other healthcare professionals.

Engineering in Medicine: Bridging the Cognitive and Emotional Distance between Medical and Non-Medical Students

In the current study, we focused on measuring the development of important professional attitudes, such as “compassion satisfaction” and “burnout”. Students from four different colleges worked in teams to conceptualize innovative engineering products. During the ideation phase of their project, participants completed a Professional Quality of Life survey to assess metrics related to compassion satisfaction and burnout. On average, the combined compassion satisfaction score was high for both medical students (42/50) and non-medical students (43/50). In terms of burnout, 77% of medical students and 81% of non-medical students reported low burnout; the average burnout score for medical students was 19/50, and for non-medical students 17/50. Only one statement produced a statistically significant difference between groups. For the statement, “I am a caring person”, only 31% of medical students self-described as being a very caring person ‘very often’ as opposed to 62% of non-medical students. Through this innovative curriculum project, faculty were able to measure the level of student compassion satisfaction, and burnout for the students involved. Surrounded by the rationality of science, students learned to communicate and contribute to projects that supported a positive sense of contribution and effort, and a low perception of burnout.

Better outcomes through patient – Provider therapeutic connections? An exploratory study of proposed mediating variables

BackgroundPatient-provider therapeutic connections (TCs) have been theorized to enhance patient outcomes as well as care provider job satisfaction and to reduce burnout. High-quality TCs may result in better matching of health care to patient needs, and thus, better care quality and patient outcomes. For care providers, work environments that enable high-quality TCs may make the work more motivating and facilitate resilience. MethodWe surveyed patients (n = 346) and care providers (n = 341) about their experiences of TCs, and how TCs related to outcomes. We tested parallel mediation models to examine relations. ResultsTCs predicted better patient health status, mental health status, and satisfaction, and predicted greater care provider job satisfaction and lower burnout. TCs were theorized to operate through two sets of mechanisms (health self-efficacy and activation for patients; meaningfulness of work and psychological safety for providers). Results revealed significant indirect associations between TCs and outcomes for both groups. ConclusionsTCs are associated with patient and provider outcomes; however, these relations appear to be explained by several mediating variables. It appears that TCs are associated with better outcomes for patients through health self-efficacy and activation, and TCs are associated with better outcomes for care providers through meaningfulness of work and psychological safety.

The Impact of Primary Care Practice Structural Capabilities on Nurse Practitioner Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Intent to Leave.

Lack of structure for care delivery (ie, structural capabilities) has been linked to lower quality of care and negative patient outcomes. However, little research examines the relationship between practice structural capabilities and nurse practitioner (NP) job outcomes. We investigated the association between structural capabilities and primary care NP job outcomes (ie, burnout, job dissatisfaction, and intent to leave). Secondary analysis of 2018-2019 cross-sectional data. A total of 1110 NPs across 1002 primary care practices in 6 states. We estimated linear probability models to assess the association between structural capabilities and NP job outcomes, controlling for NP work environment, demographics, and practice features. The average structural capabilities score (measured on a scale of 0-1) across practices was 0.6 (higher score indicates more structural capabilities). After controlling for potential confounders, we found that a 10-percentage point increase in the structural capabilities score was associated with a 3-percentage point decrease in burnout ( P <0.001), a 2-percentage point decrease in job dissatisfaction ( P <0.001), and a 3-percentage point decrease in intent to leave ( P <0.001). Primary care NPs report lower burnout, job dissatisfaction, and intent to leave when working in practices with greater structural capabilities for care delivery. These findings suggest that efforts to improve structural capabilities not only facilitate effective care delivery and benefit patients but they also support NPs and strengthen their workforce participation. Practice leaders should further invest in structural capabilities to improve primary care provider job outcomes.

Factors that Influence a Veteran Teacher’s Decision to Leave or Stay in the Classroom

Teacher turnover is a startling phenomenon in education. Much of the literature focuses on reasons newer teachers leave, while little has been done to study those who plan to stay. This study explored why veteran teachers leave or stay in the field. 597 teachers participated in a questionnaire that communicated long-term career plans. While most respondents planned to stay, their reasons varied. Teachers who plan to leave do so due to low wages and burnout. To conclude, researchers and school districts should consider solutions to increase veteran teacher retention to promote a higher quality of education for all students.

Mentorship and self-efficacy are associated with lower burnout in physical therapists in the United States: a cross-sectional survey study.

This study investigated the prevalence of burnout in physical therapists in the United States and the relationships between burnout and education, mentorship, and self-efficacy. This was a cross-sectional survey study. An electronic survey was distributed to practicing physical therapists across the United States over a 6-week period from December 2020 to January 2021. The survey was completed by 2,813 physical therapists from all states. The majority were female (68.72%), White or Caucasian (80.13%), and employed full-time (77.14%). Respondents completed questions on demographics, education, mentorship, self-efficacy, and burnout. The Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire 12 (BCSQ-12) and self-reports were used to quantify burnout, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was used to measure self-efficacy. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Respondents from home health (median BCSQ-12=42.00) and skilled nursing facility settings (median BCSQ-12=42.00) displayed the highest burnout scores. Burnout was significantly lower among those who provided formal mentorship (median BCSQ-12=39.00, P=0.0001) compared to no mentorship (median BCSQ-12=41.00). Respondents who received formal mentorship (median BCSQ-12=38.00, P=0.0028) displayed significantly lower burnout than those who received no mentorship (median BCSQ-12=41.00). A moderate negative correlation (rho=-0.49) was observed between the GSES and burnout scores. A strong positive correlation was found between self-reported burnout status and burnout scores (rrb=0.61). Burnout is prevalent in the physical therapy profession, as almost half of respondents (49.34%) reported burnout. Providing or receiving mentorship and higher self-efficacy were associated with lower burnout. Organizations should consider measuring burnout levels, investing in mentorship programs, and implementing strategies to improve self-efficacy.

The Evaluation of the Burden and Burnout Levels of the Caregivers of the Inpatients in Palliative Care

The study was conducted to evaluate the care burden and burnout levels of caregivers for patients hospitalized in palliative care. This descriptive study was conducted with 76 caregivers who were hospitalized in the palliative care services of a university and state hospital between 02.12.2019 and 02.06.2022 in Turkey. After obtaining the permissions of the ethics committee and the institution, the data were collected with the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Palliative Performance Scale, Caregivers Burden Inventory, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The total score of the Caregivers Burden Inventory was 50.31±15.37, sub-dimensions of time-dependency burden, developmental burden, physical burden, social burden, and emotional burden scores were 18.30±3.23, 10.94±6.03, 13.54±5.99, 4.09±4.68, and 3.42±3.89, respectively. The Maslach Burnout Inventory sub-dimensions were emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, with mean scores of 24.78±10.33, 11.59±4.20, and 28.64±5.67, respectively. The mean Palliative Performance Scale score of the patients was 32.76±16.86. As the burden of caregivers increased, so did their exhaustion scores. Caregivers had moderate care burdens, high time dependency and physical burdens, high emotional exhaustion, and low personal accomplishment burnout. All patients who were cared for were bedridden. The presence of incontinence in the patient affected the time dependency burden of the caregivers, and the presence of chronic disease in the caregiver and living with the patient also affected the caregivers' emotional exhaustion. These results show that studies must be conducted to develop multidisciplinary interventions to reduce caregivers’ care burden and burnout.

Building resilience in early career mental health professionals

PurposeResilience can protect against workplace stress, benefit psychological wellbeing and promote effective clinical practice in mental health professionals. The purpose of this study was to consider the feasibility and acceptability of resilience training for trainee mental health professionals based on the skills-based model of personal resilience (Baker et al., 2021). The study also aimed to explore the impact of the training on resilience, wellbeing and burnout.Design/methodology/approachIn a within-subject 10-week follow-up study, mixed methods were used to evaluate the one-day resilience training for trainee mental health professionals working in services in the UK.FindingsThe intervention was found to be acceptable to attendees, with high levels of satisfaction reported. Resilience was evaluated through self-report measures at three-time points. Resilience scores at follow-up were significantly higher than pre- and post-intervention scores. The secondary outcomes of wellbeing and burnout did not significantly improve.Research limitations/implicationsPreliminary support was found for the feasibility and acceptability of resilience training for trainee mental health practitioners. Audience-specific adaptations and follow-up groups to aid skills practice and implementation may further enhance benefits to resilience. Resilience interventions may supplement practitioner training to improve resilience. Resilience is associated with higher wellbeing and lower burnout. The impact of resilience training on overall wellbeing and burnout remains uncertain; however, newly learned resilience skills may take time to benefit wellbeing.Originality/valueA key contribution of this study is to provide evidence regarding the feasibility of implementing the skills-based model of personal resilience, outlined in Baker et al. (2021), in a learning environment.

Resilience and Burnout among Medical Students: The Role of Difficulties with Emotion Regulation as A Mediator

Burnout is a chronic state of exhaustion caused by prolonged stress. Medical training has been shown to leave many medical students vulnerable to burnout, which can negatively impact their health and patient care. While resilience has been associated with lower burnout, the mechanisms through which resilience reduces burnout are not well established. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether difficulties with emotion regulation mediate the relationship between resilience and burnout among medical students. For this cross-sectional study, we conducted a power analysis to determine the necessary sample size and recruited 82 medical students (mean age = 25.2, 35.4% male) to complete a questionnaire that measured burnout (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory), difficulties with emotion regulation (Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale), and resilience (Brief Resilience Scale). Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine the mediation model. Our results indicate that difficulties with emotion regulation mediate the relationship between resilience and burnout, with a significant indirect effect of resilience on burnout. The mediation model explained 16% of the variance in burnout. In conclusion, difficulties in emotion regulation may increase the risk of burnout among medical students. Our findings suggest that enhancing resilience and adaptive emotion regulation could help protect medical students against burnout.

Burnout in academia: Pharmacy students’ burnout level during the resumption of in-person classes post-pandemic lockdowns

Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic gradually recedes, Philippine universities have begun to reopen their campuses to students, marking a return to normalcy. Thus, academic burnout began to manifest among many students, resulting in multiple academic breaks across the country. Objective: This study aimed to examine the level of academic burnout among pharmacy students from a private university during the reopening of university campuses for in-person classes after pandemic lockdowns. Methods: The study had a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design, and the survey questionnaire included the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Student version (CBI-S). Descriptive statistics, t-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), were used to analyse the data. Results: Of the 318 respondents, 63% (n=202) exhibited moderate academic burnout. In contrast, 11% (n= 34) had low burnout levels, and 26% (n=82) had high burnout levels. Students had a high level of Personal Burnout (M=3.80, SD=0.92) and Studies-Related Burnout (M=3.88, SD=1.00). They also exhibited a moderate level of Classmate-Related Burnout (M=2.69, SD=1.10) and Instructor-Related Burnout (M= 2.87, SD=1.10). Academic burnout levels among the respondents did not show any significant differences based on their living situation. Conclusion: The impact of shifting academic demands on pharmacy students caused moderate to high levels of academic burnout.

A survey of United States obstetric anesthesiologists’ perceived value of obstetric anesthesiology fellowship

IntroductionSubspecialty training in obstetric anesthesiology is associated with improved patient outcomes and reduced anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality. Despite this, the demand for fellowship-trained obstetric anesthesiologists far exceeds the supply. This survey study aimed to evaluate the perceived value of obstetric anesthesiology subspecialty training on career trajectory, job satisfaction, quality of life, and job autonomy. MethodsAfter Institutional Review Board approval, we conducted a cross-sectional study of fellowship-trained obstetric anesthesiologists in the United States of America. In March and April 2022, program directors of obstetric anesthesiology fellowships distributed an electronic survey link containing 29 multiple-choice questions to their program alumni. Survey content included respondent demographic characteristics, practice models, career information, and perceived value of an obstetric anesthesiology fellowship. ResultsWe surveyed 217/502 (43%) fellowship-trained obstetric anesthesiologists with a response rate of 158/217 (73%). Most worked in urban, academic, and level IV perinatal health centers. The majority believed an obstetric anesthesiology fellowship was “extremely beneficial” (77%), enhanced quality of life (84%), improved the quality of patient care (99%), and was influential in helping obtain their first post-training job (86%). The perceived value of the fellowship included an enhanced career trajectory, a sense of purpose, improved job satisfaction, a sense of work community, lower burnout, involvement in maternal health initiatives, increased mentorship, and departmental leadership. ConclusionIn this survey study, fellowship-trained obstetric anesthesiologists perceived a positive impact of fellowship training on career trajectory, job protection and autonomy, quality of life, and job satisfaction. This information may be meaningful to trainees considering pursuing a fellowship and a career in obstetric anesthesiology.