Drawing Lots Research Articles

Repairing waist injury of sports dance based on multifunctional nano-material particles

In recent years, waist injuries of athletes in sports dance training have occurred from time to time. This not only causes damage to the body of dance lovers, but also has an impact on the progress of dance training. This study mainly discusses the experimental research on repairing waist injury of sports dance based on multifunctional nano-material particles. Select athletes with sports injuries related to sports dance. Randomly divided into experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15) by drawing lots. The experimental group used multifunctional nano-material particles to carry drugs to target the damaged areas; the control group received conventional drug treatment. The experiment period is 30 days, and the same amount of medicine is controlled by the athletes. After the experiment, the athlete’s physical condition is checked. The injured part of 3 people had a significant improvement, and the damaged part was significantly better than before the experiment; the effect was generally 2 people, and the injured part was less obvious than before. In the control group, 6 people recovered to health, 2 people had obvious improvement effects, 5 people had average effects, and 2 people had poor effects. The results of the study show that the targeted treatment of the waist-damaged area with multi-functional nanomaterial particles loaded with drugs is much better than the direct treatment, and the use of nanoparticles loaded with drugs can achieve complete recovery of the damaged area, and the possibility of recurrence is very small. Conventional treatment generally only relieves pain, and it is difficult to completely cure it.

Komparasi Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) menggunakan Multimedia Interaktif Model Drils dan Media Komik Sains Terhadap Prestasi Belajar

This study aims to determine the differences in student achievement who are taught using interactive multimedia drills model with students who are taught using science comic media. This type of research is experimental research. The population in this study is all students of class VII MTs. The State of Selong Model and the sampling was determined by using cluster random sampling technique to select the class and simple random sampling to select the students in that class. The second sampling technique is random sampling by drawing lots, cluster random sampling, namely the class is divided into experimental class I, namely the class that is taught using interactive multimedia drills model (class VII-E) and the experimental class II, namely the class that is taught using comic media. science (class VII-F), each of which consists of 36 students. And simple random sampling, where students are drawn after data collection to reduce the sample to 30 students to facilitate hypothesis testing. The data collection technique used post-test while the data analysis technique to test the hypothesis was the t-test. The results of data analysis using t-test showed that there were differences in student achievement who were taught using interactive multimedia drills model with students who were taught using science comic media. This can be seen in the post-test results where t-count > t-table is 2.206 > 2.002. Thus H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there are differences in student achievement who are taught using interactive multimedia drills model with students who are taught using science comics

Effect of Tactical Performance Endurance Exercise on the Level of the Hormones ANP-BNP for Young Football Players

As for the objectives of the research, they were to prepare exercises that endure the planned performance at the level of the hormones ANP-BNP for young football players, and to identify the effect of exercises to endure the planned performance on the level of the hormones ANP-BNP for young football players, as well as to identify the preference for the effect between the control and experimental groups. Whereas the research hypotheses were that there was an effect of exercises to endure the planned performance on the level of the hormones ANP-BNP for young football players, there were also significant differences of statistical significance in favor of the experimental group in the post-tests. The researchers used the experimental approach in the manner of the two groups equivalent to the pre and post-test for suitability to the research variables. The study research community included the young football players for the clubs of the Holy Kerbala Governorate for the 2019/2020 sports season and its number (10) clubs by (220) players. The research sample was chosen randomly (drawing lots). The selection fell on the players of the Al-Ghariya Sports Club.

문제해결 스타일이 혁신행동에 미치는 영향 - 핵심자기평가와 상사지원인식의 조절효과 검증을 중심으로 -

As the competition among the firms, the conventional way of firms became useless for the competition and tried to search for innovation. In pursuing innovation, firm realized that firms’ innovation starts from individual members’ behaviors and created the concept of innovative behavior. Innovative behavior draw lots of attention and a large number of studies has been conducted up to now. Recent Kwon & Kim’s (2020) literature review on innovative behavior showed little attention to individual trait like personality. In this background, our study shortly reviewed on the studies about the relationship between personal trait and innovative behavior and set the direction of this study. After short review, we found that there is not a few studies about the relationship between personality and innovative behavior but little about the relationship between innovative behavior and the personal traits except personality. So we focused on the problem solving style which drew the attention as antecedents of innovative behavior at early stage of research on innovative behavior and core self-evaluation which are suggested relatively recently and very limitedly studied as the antecedents of innovative behavior. The studies on personal traits pay attention not only to their effects on consequences but also to the relevant situation that can activate the relationship between trait and trait relevant behavior following trait activation theory. In the vein, we also considered in the supervisory support as the potential moderating variables on the relationship between problem solving style and innovative behavior. For the empirical test, we collected data from the 228employees belong to Chinese public companies with survey and analyzed the relationship with hierarchical regression analysis. First, only intuitive problem solving style except systematic problem solving style showed significant positive effect on innovative behavior. Second, in the case of core self-evaluation, its main effect on innovative behavior was supported but none of its moderating effects on the two path from problem solving style to innovative behavior. Last, in the case of supervisory support, its main effect on innovative behavior was supported and the moderating effect on the path from intuitive problem solving style to innovative behavior was supported. On these results. We discussed the theoretical and practical implications.

The Effect of Menstrual Health Education Adopting the Peer Education Method with the Participation of Mothers on Adolescents' Menstrual Health Behaviors: a Clinical Trial

Background & aim: Menstrual health is a major part of adolescent health; nonetheless, the majority of girls do not have sufficient knowledge of menstrual changes. Therefore, current study aimed to assess effect of menstrual health education adopting the peer education method with the participation of mothers on adolescents' menstrual health behaviors. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 students with regular menstruation in two groups. Two high schools in Mashhad were selected by drawing lots as a random block. In intervention group, at first 10 students received the educational content and then were asked to train 4-7 of their classmates. Mothers of subjects received two 2-hour sessions with the same content. Control group received routine education by a health educator. Data were collected by a valid, reliable self-structured questionnaire of menstrual health behaviors, before intervention and also after the end of the first and second menstrual cycles and were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16) using Mann-Whitney, Friedman, and independent samples t-test . Results: Based on the results, mean score of menstrual health behaviors significantly increased in the two groups (p <0.001). However, mean score of menstrual health behaviors in intervention group was significantly higher, compared to the control group (after the end of the first and second menstrual cycles) (p <0.001). Conclusion: peer education with participation of mothers was more effective in enhancement of adolescents' menstrual health behaviors, compared to the traditional routine method. It is recommended that health professionals apply participatory teaching methods for education of health issues, including menstrual health.

Nutrition Intervention among Children under 24 months suffering from Iron Deficiency Anemia in rural Cameroon

Almost 63% of young children living in Cameroon are anemic. However, young children in rural area are most affected. Current policy recommends the need to combine several strategies to reduce the burden of anemia in rural areas. A 20-week nutrition intervention program consisting of 4 weeks of nutrition education and 16 weeks of iron supplementation was carried out in 50 Cameroonian children aged 6-23 months in rural area, with mild iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Participants were distributed randomly by drawing lots into intervention and control groups with 25 participants in each group. A nutrition knowledge questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, hemoglobin (Hb) level, serum ferritin (SF), serum iron and iron status biomarkers were obtained in both groups before and after nutrition intervention. At the end of the study, the mothers of intervention group had greater knowledge on iron, IDA and dietary strategies to reduce IDA in children. Concerning anthropometric parameters, there were no significant differences in the weight/age, height/age and weight/height (p>0.05) before and after the intervention in both groups. At the end of nutrition intervention, a significant gain in Hb level was found in the both groups but significant difference was observed in the intervention group (10.63±0.18 and 11.46±0.19g/L; p=0.0001). However, the SF and serum iron were significantly lower in the control group compared to the intervention group (18.89±7.54 µg/L vs 28.93±5.81 µg/L; p=0.03) and (11.46±1.02 µg/L vs 19.65±0.78 µg/L; p=0.01) respectively. Iron status has improved in the both group. The incidence of anemia (28% and 76%; p=0.0007), iron deficiency (56% and 68%; p>0.05) and iron deficiency anemia (32% and 64%; p=0.02) was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. The study findings showed that, nutrition education combined with iron supplementation impact positively on the iron status of young children. It is therefore important to educate mothers or caregivers about good nutrition in addition to with others strategies.

The effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy in children who are victims of maltreatment with internalizing and externalizing behavior problems

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of Sandplay Therapy on the treatment of children who are victims of mistreatment with internalizing and/or externalizing behavioral problems. Method: The Child Behavior Check List instrument was applied to all children between 6 years 6 months and 10 years 11 months from 24 institutions. All of them presented clinical and/or borderline levels of behavior concern. The institutions where the children would compose a control group, those where they would receive Sandplay Therapy treatment (experimental group), and those where they would receive Placebo treatment were determined by drawing lot. The same instrument was applied after the treatments, or 20 weeks; in the experimental group, a test was applied after six months. The results show that the children in the experimental group showed significant improvements. These changes remained six months after the end of therapy and were verified by analyzing Sandplay scenarios.

On Constructing t‐Spanner in IoT under SINR

Following the recent advances in the Internet of Things (IoT), it is drawing lots of attention to design distributed algorithms for various network optimization problems under the SINR (Signal‐to‐Interference‐and‐Noise‐Ratio) interference model, such as spanner construction. Since a spanner can maintain a linear number of links while still preserving efficient routes for any pair of nodes in wireless networks, it is important to design distributed algorithms for spanners. Given a constant t &gt; 1 as the required stretch factor, the problem of our concern is to design an efficient distributed algorithm to construct a t‐spanner of the communication graph under SINR such that the delay for the task completion is minimized, where the delay is the time interval between the time slot that the first node commences its operation to the time slot that all the nodes finish their task of constructing the t‐spanner. Our main contributions include four aspects. First, we propose a proximity range and proximity independent set (PISet) to increase the number of nodes transmitting successfully at the same time in order to reduce the delay. Second, we develop a distributed randomized algorithm SINR‐Spanner to construct a required t‐spanner with high probability. Third, the approximation ratio of SINR‐Spanner is proven to be a constant. Finally, extensive simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed algorithm.

Image of Vilnius in Joseph Arthur Gobineau‘s Novel The Pleiades

Using insights from comparative imagology the image of Vilnius in Joseph Arthur Gobineau’s novel The Pleiades (1874) has been analysed in the paper. Presumably, the name of Vilnius was first mentioned by Olympe Chodzko, his Parisian acquaintance, in her short story, its scene is laid in Vilnius. The way Vilnius is imaged depends on context. Where Vilnius is compared to the privileged Saint-Honoré quarter in Paris a tinge of phobia arises unavoidably because Vilnius in no way is comparable to Paris. Likewise is imaged Vilnius by Sophie Tonska, Marquis Candeuil’s sweetheart. Marquis Candeuil selected Vilnius for his residence from seven possible cities accidentally, by drawing lots. That attitude of the protagonist can be related to idiocracy. Where the author writes about Vilnius in the St. Petersburg-Warsaw railroad construction context his philia can be felt. Vilnius is imaged not only in this context, but also through Marquis Candeuil’s thoughts pertaining to the essential problems raised in the novel. Finally, all that reveals that the image of Vilnius in the novel, at first glance so unintentional, actually pertains to the whole system of the novel.

Investigating Students Attitude Towards the Learning of Geography in Senior High Schools. A Survey of the Cape Coast Metropolis

This study investigates the attitude of Senior High School students towards the teaching and learning of geography in the Cape Coast Metropolis. To achieve this, a quantitative approach using descriptive survey design was employed. A sample of 120 students studying geography were selected from four (4) Senior High Schools in the Cape Coast Metropolis. The study employed purposive and simple random sampling procedure to select respondents from the schools for the study. Questionnaire (close-ended) were used, and data were coded and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 to produce inferential (means and standard deviation). The study revealed that students perceive geography as difficult to learn and understand because the geography subject involves a lot of drawings and terminologies, etcetera. It was again, unraveled that students have positive attitude towards the teaching and learning of geography. The findings of the study revealed that reading materials such as textbooks, handouts etc. are used by the geography teachers in teaching. It was therefore, recommended that teachers in the various schools should motivate their students to take geography lessons seriously and study it well, as it could be of relevance to them in the near future. Government and other stakeholders should provide schools with modern teaching and learning resources so as to help teachers to explain very well Geography concepts to the understanding of their students. Keywords: Geography, Students, Cape Coast, Attitude, Teaching, Learning DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-34-01 Publication date: December 31 st 2020

Effect of venous anastomosis of the pedicled digital artery dorsal branch island flap in repairing fingertip or pulp defects of the same finger

Objective: To explore the effect of venous anastomosis of the pedicled digital artery dorsal branch island flap in repairing fingertip or pulp defects of the same finger. Methods: From February 2016 to September 2018, a total of 56 emergency cases (67 fingers) with fingertip or pulp defects in 2-5 fingers were admitted to the Second Hospital of Tangshan (hereinafter referred to as the author's affiliation), and the prospective research was conducted. The patients were divided into venous anastomosis group of 29 cases (35 fingers) and non-venous anastomosis group of 27 cases (32 fingers) by drawing lots. There were 18 males and 11 females in venous anastomosis group, aged 17 to 62 years, with wound area of 1.6 cm×1.3 cm-3.1 cm×2.4 cm after debridement. There were 17 males and 10 females in non-venous anastomosis group, aged 20 to 59 years, with wound area of 1.7 cm×1.2 cm-3.0 cm×2.4 cm after debridement. According to the location and size of the fingertip or pulp defect of patients in the two groups, the flap was designed on the dorsum of the middle or proximal phalanx of the injured finger. During the operation, the epineurium of dorsal branch of the proper digital nerve or the dorsal digital nerve carried by the flap was anastomosed end-to-end with the stump of proper digital nerve in the wound. One or two superficial vein (s) carried by the flap was/were interrupted end-to-end anastomosed with the superficial veins on the dorsum or palm of the wound surface in venous anastomosis group, and the venous anastomosis was not performed in non-venous anastomosis group. The flap size resected ranged from 1.8 cm×1.5 cm to 3.4 cm×2.6 cm in venous anastomosis group, and that ranged from 1.9 cm×1.4 cm to 3.3 cm×2.6 cm in non-venous anastomosis group. The donor site wounds in the two groups were resurfaced by free full-thickness skin graft harvested from the proximal forearm or the medial side of the upper arm. The blood circulation of the flap of patients in 2 groups was observed after operation. During follow-up after operation, the patients' satisfaction for the appearance of the flap was evaluated by Michigan Hand Function Questionnaire, the flap color was observed by the chief physician of the Department of Hand Surgery in the author's affiliation, and the incidence of flap pigmentation was calculated. Data were statistically analyzed with t test and chi-square test. Results: All the flaps of patients survived without tension blister in venous anastomosis group after operation. Tension blisters occurred in 6 cases (6 fingers) in non-venous anastomosis group due to venous reflux obstruction, and the flaps survived after removing some sutures of the pedicle and changing dressing. During follow-up of 8-20 months, with an average of 15 months, the patients' satisfaction score for flap appearance in venous anastomosis group was (4.6±0.5) points, which was obviously higher than (4.3±0.6) points of non-venous anastomosis group (t=2.482, P<0.05). The incidence of flap pigmentation in venous anastomosis group was 9% (3/35), which was significantly lower than 31% (10/32) of non-venous anastomosis group (χ(2)=5.498, P<0.05). Conclusions: The pedicled digital artery dorsal branch island flap with venous anastomosis repairs the same fingertip or pulp defects, resulting in unobstructed venous reflux, low incidence of flap pigmentation, good appearance and high patient satisfaction.

Consumption of Psychoactive Substances among Teenagers in Schools in Conakry, Republic of Guinea

Introduction : The use and abuse of psychoactive substances (SPA) in the adolescence age has become a major public health concern. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of the consumption of psychoactive substances, to identify the different substances consumed as well as the motivations underlying this consumption.&#x0D; Methods: It is a 6-month cross-sectional prospective study carried out in two public Junior Secondary Schools in Conakry. It involved 600 students and the sampling was simple random. Were included in this study, all the students of the two Junior Secondary Schools retained following the sampling; and having correctly completed the questionnaire and returned it. To carry out this work, we proceeded to a simple random sampling by drawing lots.&#x0D; Results: The prevalence of SPA consumption was 35.5%, boys were read represented (64.8%), the age groups 12 – 16 years and 17 – 20 years were the most affected 41% each). In the majority of students (72%), parents were separated and 72% of them had repeated at least once. The most consumed substances were only cannabis (24%) and tobacco (8%), the combination tobacco + cannabis represented 44% and irregular consumption of these substances was the most frequent (66% for cannabis and 63% for the tobacco). The first experience of these substances was very early in 21% for cannabis and 49% for tobacco.&#x0D; Conclusion: The consumption of psychoactive substances constitutes a real public health problem. A study of all the schools in the capital city and at the national level seems essential to situate the extent of the phenomenon and analyze the various factors involved in order to provide appropriate solutions.

Clinical Study of the Treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae with Comprehensive Nursing Intervention Combined with New Nano Silver.

To investigate the inhibitory effect of new nano silver (nAg-NPs) on Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended spectrum β-lactamases (EBLs). Clinical interventions are mainly directed to inpatients, or patients with obvious discomfort, symptoms, and signs needing outpatient examination, referral, and clear diagnosis. We randomly selected 88 patients from the rehabilitation department of our hospital from November 2017 to June 2019, and divided them into observation and control groups by drawing lots. Taking ESBL K. pneumoniae as the research object, the bactericidal effect of nAg-NPs was determined using the coating method; the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured using the broth microdilution method, and the mechanism of action of nAg-NPs on ESBL K. pneumoniae was evaluated by electron microscopy. After the implementation of different nursing management modes, the incidence of risk events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and nursing satisfaction was significantly higher than that in the control group. nAg-NPs (≥0.5 g/mL) had 100% bactericidal effect on ESBL K. pneumoniae, 0.05 g/mL nAg-NPs had obvious bactericidal effect on ESBL K. pneumoniae, 5 g/mL nAg-NPs had obvious bactericidal effect on ESBL K. pneumoniae for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min. Additionally, nAg-NPs showed 3.12 g/mL of MIC. Furthermore, nAg-NPs had a significant effect on the morphology of K. pneumoniae. nAg-NPs shows obvious inhibitory effect on ESBL K. pneumoniae. These results will provide an experimental basis for the further study and clinical application of nAg-NPs with the help of clinical nurses.

Effects of High-Intensity Resistance Training on Fitness and Fatness in Older Men With Osteosarcopenia.

To date, there has been no study on the long-term effects of resistance exercise on sarcopenia and obesity indices for people with sarcopenia. The present study thus aimed to determine the effect of 18 months of periodized, high-velocity/intensity/effort progressive resistance training (HIT-RT) on body composition and strength in older men with osteosarcopenia. Using a single-blind, two-group parallel design, 43 community-dwelling men, 72 years and older, with osteopenia and sarcopenia in Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany, were randomly assigned to two study arms by drawing lots: (1) an exercise group that conducted a consistently supervised periodized high-velocity/intensity/effort protocol (HIT-RT; n = 21) on machines twice a week for 18 months or (2) a control group (CG; n = 22) that maintained their physical activity/exercise habits. Both groups were supplied with protein, cholecalciferol, and calcium according to current recommendations. The study outcomes were lean body mass (LBM), total and abdominal body fat as determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and maximum hip/leg extensor strength as assessed on an isokinetic leg press at baseline and after 8, 12, and 18 months of follow-up. The intention-to-treat principle and multiple imputation were applied to calculated study outcomes. After 18 months of HIT-RT, altogether five participants were lost to follow up (HIT-RT: n = 2, CG: n = 3). The attendance rates (95%) for HIT-RT were high; relevant adverse effects were not observed. Significant effects (i.e., differences between HIT-RT vs. CG) in favor of HIT-RT were determined for LBM (+1.73 kg, 95% CI: +1.13 to +2.32 kg), total body fat mass (−2.44 kg, 95% CI: −1.28 to 3.60 kg), abdominal body fat percentage (−2.68, 95% CI: −1.70 to −3.66), and maximum hip/leg extensor strength (+533 N, 95% CI: +397 to +670 N; all p < 0.001). Even after adjusting for multiple testing, all effects remained significant. Of note, after 8 months of HIT-RT, only slight (LBM and fat indices) to moderate (maximum strength) ongoing effects were observed. Carefully introduced, continuously supervised HIT-RT is an effective, attractive, feasible, and safe method to improve body composition and muscle strength in older community-dwelling men with sarcopenia. However, even when consequently applying principles of exercise intensity progression within the RT protocol, only slight further positive changes were observed after 8 months of exercise.

Mandala Coloring as Jungian Art to Reduce Bullying and Increase Social Skills

Background: Bullying and the lack of social skills are essential for future risk-related problems, such as delinquency and feelings of rejection in children. The present study aimed to assess the effects of coloring mandala as Jungian art to reduce bullying and increase social skills in Afghan male working children. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and a control group design. The research population included all 10- to 12-year-old Afghan immigrant boys in Tehran City, Iran, who were studying in Parto School for Working Children, in 2019. The research sample consisted of 30 children who have obtained maximum scores on the Illinois Bully Scale (IBS) and minimum scores on the Teenage Social Skills Inventory (TSSI). The research participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. Then, they were assigned to the control and treatment groups by drawing lots. The treatment group attended ten 45-minute sessions of coloring mandalas and Jungian art. The data collection tools were the IBS: Student Version (Espelage &amp; Holt, 2001) and the TSSI (Inderbitzen &amp; Foster, 1992). The data were analyzed using the one-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS. Results: The present research results suggested that the bullying scores for the participants in the treatment group significantly decreased at the post-test, compared to the pre-test (F=24.29, P=0.001); however, their social skills scores significantly increased at the post-test, in comparison with the pre-test (F=42.41, P=0.001). However, no significant differences were found in the bullying and social skills scores of the controls between the pre-test and post-test phases. Conclusion: Mandala coloring art was effective in reducing bullying behaviors and increasing social skills among the explored Afghan migrant working children. Therefore, this artistic method can be used as a suitable option for psychological therapies, teaching social skills, and creating participation and empathy in children in educational centers and schools for child labor.

Immediate Effect of Kinesiology Taping on Gait Function in Stroke Patients with Foot Drop

Background: Recently, the kinesiology taping (KT) method was reported to be effective in improving walking ability in foot drop patients after stroke, but the clinical basis is still unclear. Objectives: The KT method was compared with ankle-foot orthotics (AFO) to investigate gait ability in foot drop patients after stroke. Design: Crossover study design. Methods: In this study, 11 stroke patients with foot drop participated. Walking ability of all subjects for both conditions (KT and AFO) was measured using the GAITRite system. The order of application of the two conditions was determined randomly by drawing lots. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare walking ability between the two conditions. The level of statistical significance was set at P< .05. Results: There were no significant differences between the KT and AFO methods in terms of velocity, cadence, step length, and stride length (P >.05, all). Conclusion: This study recommends KT as an alternative to the AFO, since KT provides evidence of preventing of foot drops and improving gait ability in stroke patient.

Петербург в творчестве Анны Остроумовой-Лебедевой

Статья посвящена творчеству народного художника РСФСР, действительного члена Академии художеств СССР, заслуженного деятеля искусств РСФСР Анны Петровны Остроумовой-Лебедевой (1871–1955). Художник большого и многогранного дарования, она оставила нам множество рисунков, черных и цветных гравюр на дереве и линолеуме, литографии и акварели. А.П. Остроумова-Лебедева сумела придать гравюре на дереве подлинную художественную выразительность. Избрав главной темой творчества изображение города на Неве, она с большим поэтическим чувством запечатлела его картины и образы, прошлое и настоящее, его вечно живую историю. Издание третьего тома «Автобиографических записок» в 1951 году совпало с восьмидесятилетием автора. Тогда же в залах Государственного Русского музея была открыта последняя прижизненная персональная выставка художницы. Автор статьи исследует воплощение образа Петербурга в графике А.П. Остроумовой-Лебедевой. The article is devoted to the work of people's artist of the RSFSR, full member of the USSR Academy of arts, honored artist of the RSFSR Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva (1871–1955). An artist of great and many-sided talent, she left us a lot of drawings, black and color prints on wood and linoleum, lithographs and watercolors. Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva managed to give the woodcut a genuine artistic expression. Choosing the image of Petersburg as the main theme of her work, she captured its paintings and images, past and present, its eternal, living history with great poetic feeling. The publication of the third volume of her “Autobiographical notes” in 1951 coincided with the author's eightieth birthday. At the same time, the last personal exhibition of the artist was opened at the State Russian Museum. The author of the article explores the embodiment of the image of St. Petersburg (Leningrag) in the graphic work of Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva.

Düyun-u Umumiye İdaresi’nin Borç Yönetiminden Bir Kesit: İkramiyeli Tahviller

Bu çalışmada uluslararası finans sermayenin Osmanlı ekonomisi üzerindeki etkilerinin Düyun-u Umumiye İdaresi’nin mali denetimi açısından analiz edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Osmanlı ekonomisi dünya ekonomisine tarımsal meta üretimi ihracatına dayalı dış ticaret ilişkileri ile entegre olmaktaydı. Osmanlı ekonomisinde ticaret ve finans sermayesinin uluslararasılaşması, dış borçlanma ilişkilerinde rol oynayan kurumlar ile yüzyıl sonunda gerçekleşti. 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı ekonomisinde kamu borçlarının mali denetiminde etkili olan Düyun-u Umumiye İdaresi, doğrudan yabancı yatırımları da desteklemekteydi. Yabancı demiryolu yatırımların risklerinin azaltılmasında rol oynayan Düyun-u Umumiye İdaresi, uluslararası sermaye yatırımları açısından güvenilir bir kurumdu. Çalışmada, Rumeli demiryolu yatırımının finansmanı için çıkarılan ikramiyeli tahvillerin incelenmesiyle, uluslararası sermayenin Osmanlı ekonomisinde yarattığı finansallaşma eğilimi incelenmektedir. Çalışmada, Düyun-u Umumiye’nin mali denetim dışındaki faaliyetlerinin özellikle yabancı yatırımlara yönelik faaliyetlerinin sonuçlarını analiz edebilmek açısından Rumeli demiryollarının finansmanı için çıkarılan İkramiyeli tahviller incelenmektedir. 1870 ve 1872 yılında iki seri halinde çıkarılan ve kura ile ikramiye kazandıran tahvillerin getirisinden küçük yatırımcılar yararlanamamıştır.

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Models for Predicting Inflammatory Potential of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles.

Background:Although substantial concerns about the inflammatory effects of engineered nanomaterial (ENM) have been raised, experimentally assessing toxicity of various ENMs is challenging and time-consuming. Alternatively, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models have been employed to assess nanosafety. However, no previous attempt has been made to predict the inflammatory potential of ENMs.Objectives:By employing metal oxide nanoparticles (MeONPs) as a model ENM, we aimed to develop QSAR models for prediction of the inflammatory potential by their physicochemical properties.Methods:We built a comprehensive data set of 30 MeONPs to screen a proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 beta () release in THP-1 cell line. The in vitro hazard ranking was validated in mouse lungs by oropharyngeal instillation of six randomly selected MeONPs. We established QSAR models for prediction of MeONP-induced inflammatory potential via machine learning. The models were further validated against seven new MeONPs. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were exploited to decipher the key mechanisms driving inflammatory responses of MeONPs.Results:Seventeen out of 30 MeONPs induced excess production in THP-1 cells. In vivo disease outcomes were highly relevant to the in vitro data. QSAR models were developed for inflammatory potential, with predictive accuracy (ACC) exceeding 90%. The models were further validated experimentally against seven independent MeONPs (). DFT computations and experimental results further revealed the underlying mechanisms: MeONPs with metal electronegativity lower than 1.55 and positive were more likely to cause lysosomal damage and inflammation.Conclusions: released in THP-1 cells can be an index to rank the inflammatory potential of MeONPs. QSAR models based on were able to predict the inflammatory potential of MeONPs. Our approach overcame the challenge of time- and labor-consuming biological experiments and allowed for computational assessment of MeONP inflammatory potential by characterization of their physicochemical properties. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6508

SAR Images Change Detection Based on Self-Adaptive Network Architecture

In the last few years, neural networks were introduced to change detection for a better understanding of remote sensing images. However, the designs of these neural networks were time-consuming processes of trial and error, which failed to account for their validity. Thus, a simple and efficient change detection method based on network architecture search in terms of the evolutionary algorithm is proposed to deal with SAR images change detection problems. In the proposed method, an efficient gene encoding is applied to represent the unpredictable optimal depth and the number of neurons in each hidden layer. Besides, a combinatorial evaluation strategy and a self-adaptive network solution selection are designed for effective and reasonable network architectures. What is more, a hidden layer random alignment crossover operator and a drawing lots mutation operator are designed for the enhancement of diversity of network architectures. Experimental results on a few SAR image data sets demonstrate that the proposed method can generate appropriate networks to solving SAR images change detection.