Approach For Loss Reduction Research Articles

Reducing food-related economic loss to improve food security and cattle trade in the Sahel: the case of agropastoral systems in Senegal

Food loss is a critical issue in Africa, but investigation has mainly been limited to quantity loss. Economic losses are likely to be more significant but are widely ignored. Regarding ruminant-related losses, it remains challenging to identify the optimal harvest point. Focusing on Sahelian agropastoral systems, where stakeholders operate in a shock-prone environment, our paper explains how critical actor behaviour is, and it addresses economic losses on live-animal transactions while integrating market behaviours into the analysis. Loss elimination being illusory in such a context, our findings pioneer a loss reduction approach that is supported by an appropriate optimisation programme tested on primary data collected from 202 agropastoral households in Senegal.

Heat Loss Reduction Approach in Cavity Receiver Design Based on Performance Investigation of a Novel Positive Conical Scheme

The cavity receiver’s thermal conversion performance is critical for parabolic dish and tower Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems. Distinct from precedent research aiming to increase the receiver’s absorption through cavity geometry optimization, the objective of this work was to investigate the thermal conversion performance of a novel, positive conical cavity receiver design, following the heat loss reduction approach with simplified pipe forming, to stress the effectiveness of this approach in cavity receiver design, and to provide data for future optimization of the proposed design. To accomplish these goals, the novel receiver and existing designs’ heat flux absorption and heat loss are compared numerically. The resulting conversion power is also experimentally validated. The concept is inspired by analysis of formulas, suggesting the novel design may realize a thermal conversion improvement of 8.6%, at 650 K, and increases with the rise in temperature. The comprehensive numerical investigation combines ray tracing of identical incoming radiation to investigate the receiver absorption and CFD methods to investigate the cavities’ heat loss at identical temperatures. The absorption acquired is unoptimized. The novel design can reduce the heat loss by as much as 91.8% when compared with a negative conical design at 650 K, resulting in a 12.3% improvement in conversion power. The experimental investigation measures the energy conversion to the working fluid in different cavities under identical incoming radiation. The novel receiver outperforms by over 5.6% in the setup. After correcting boundary conditions using experiment measurements, the experimental and numerical results are comparable. This research proves that the novel positive conical receiver has a better thermal conversion performance over 650 K; thus, the heat loss reduction approach is effective and feasible in receiver designs within this temperature range.

Design and Loss Reduction of Multiple-Zeros Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Using SISL

This brief proposed a dual-band bandpass filter (DBBPF) topology realized on substrate integrated suspended line (SISL) platform. In this topology, separated electric and magnetic coupling paths (SEMCP) is firstly applied between two different filter bands to generate additional zeros for better skirt selectivity. The proposed filters, featured with self-packaging advantage, use hybrid spiral structure to realize different electric and magnetic coupling scheme for dual-band, compact size and multiple transmission zeros. In addition, loss reduction approach to reduce both substrate and metal losses is used to achieve insertion loss reduction.

Multilayer optical interconnects design: switching components and insertion loss reduction approach

Abstract The next generation of chip multi-processors point to the integration of thousands of processing cores, demanding high- performance interconnects, and growing the interest in optically interconnected networks. In this article we report on an interlayer silicon-based switch design that switches two channels simultaneously from an input waveguide into one of the two output ports. The introduced interlayer switch allows to design interconnects with previously unattainable functionality, higher performance and robustness, and smaller footprints with low insertion loss (< 1 dB), and high extinction ratio (> 18 dB). Interlayer switching combined with wavelength-routed and circuit-switched networks yield a low latency and low- loss interconnect architecture. Quantitative comparison between the proposed interconnect architecture and other reported structures in terms of loss, number of wavelengths and microring resonators reveals the proficiency of our design. For a 64-core interconnect implemented in 4 layers, the proposed architecture indicates an average loss reduction up to 42% and 43% with respect to single-layer lambda-router and GWOR.

Improve Distribution System Energy Efficiency With Coordinated Reactive Power Control

In the distribution management system (DMS), an essential application for the energy efficiency improvement is loss reduction. Loss reduction often involves the control of reactive power (var) resources to optimize the var flow in the network. Traditionally, most available var resources in the distribution network have been switchable shunt capacitor banks. Today distributed energy resources (DER) are becoming another significant var resource due to their increasing penetration, which brings new opportunities as well as challenges for loss reduction. This paper proposes an advanced loss reduction approach to achieve the optimal control coordination among multiple capacitors and DERs. The proposed approach and solution are developed on the basis of the detailed multi-phase distribution network modeling and the state-of-the-art optimization technology. This work also investigates the impact of the DER var control on the loss reduction improvement and voltage violation correction. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on practical utility distribution circuits with varying degree of unbalance and model complexity. The performance of the solution method proves the capability of online solution speed for large and complex distribution systems.

Impact of V2G on Distribution Feeder: A Power Loss Reduction Approach

Abstract The penetration of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) into the electrical distribution system has potential to create room for many operational benefits. A V2G facility installed on a distribution feeder line segment may affect power loss in the distribution system. Mathematical models are developed to study how magnitude of V2G reactive power injection and different mixes of uniformly distributed loads and lumped loads can impact power loss on a distribution system feeder. The V2G facilities assumed in this research are V2G parking lots with provision for injecting reactive currents into the feeder of a distribution network. It is shown that loss reduction can be greatly influenced by the pattern of loading, the amount of V2G reactive injection as well as position and number of V2G parking lot along the feeder segment. Useful results are obtained, with a promise that more than 95% power loss reduction (relative to power loss in the system without V2G installed) is possible by optimally locating a V2G parking lot along the feeder. It is observed that location and capacity injection of a V2G facility are the most critical for loss reduction. It was concluded that proper system planning and operational practice are required in order to reduce power losses.

Grain Combine Fires: A Loss Reduction Approach

Abstract. Grain combine and tractor fires in the U.S. cause over $10 million in annual property losses. Controlling machinery fires with fire detection and extinguishing hardware is one loss reduction approach. This study included the development and testing of a fully-automatic grain combine fire detection and dry chemical extinguishing system. The automatic system was tested on a variety of fire scenarios. The system performed well when crop residue and diesel fuel fires were detected soon after ignition. However, it was not fully effective after fires were allowed to burn for longer periods of time. Airflow through the engine compartment was found to be detrimental to extinguisher effectiveness. Resulting manual fire extinguisher selection and use recommendations included having at least one 4A:40BC (U.L. rating) or larger dry chemical fire extinguisher on every grain combine, mounting the extinguisher in a protected and accessible location, and shutting off the engine before attempting to extinguish any fire.