Loss Of Skin Color Research Articles

VITILIGO W.S.R TO SHWITRA - AN AYURVEDIC CASE STUDY

Vitiligo is a disease that causes loss of skin colour in patches. The discolored areas usually get more significant with time. Typically, the colour of hair and skin is determined by melanin. Vitiligo occurs when cells that produce melanin die or stop functioning. Vitiligo affects people of all skin types, but it may be more noticeable in people with brown and black skin. It can be linked to Shwitra based on clinical characteristics. Shwitra occurs when vitiated Doshas settle down in Rakta Dhatu. Rakta Dhatu further gets vitiated; Rakta Varna lesions are produced. When Doshas gets settled in Medho Dhatu, it leads to Shwitra Roga. 1 Medical scientists have developed treatment methods, but there are still a lot of side effects, and the probability of recurrence is also high in this disease condition. Hence, it is necessary to find an effective treatment for Shwitra. This study aims to assess the efficacy of Ayurvedic management in Shwitra based on Shaman chikitsa.

In Silico Study of Naringenin as Melanogenesis Inducer in Vitiligo

Introduction: Vitiligo is a pigmentation disorder characterized by loss of skin color (depigmentation) due to melanocyte dysfunction and loss. Melanocytes produce melanin pigment through a melanogenesis process. Melanocyte survival and melanogenesis process are influenced by Microphthalmia Associated- Transcription Factor (MITF) and several proteins, including WNT, β-catenin, tyrosinase, Tyrosinase- Related Protein-1 (TRP1), and Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2 (TRP2). The current therapy for vitiligo is still unsatisfactory. Naringenin is one of Rhizophora mucronata compound, one type of mangrove plant often found in the eastern coastal area of Surabaya City. Objective: To investigate the naringenin’s potency in melanogenesis and to predict the pharmacokinetics or toxicity of naringenin by in silico study. Methods: This is a computational study using a molecular docking method to observe the interaction of naringenin with WNT, β-catenin, MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 proteins. Pharmacokinetic or toxicity prediction of naringenin using the pkCSM method. Psoralen was used as a control. Results: Naringenin binds to all these proteins in the same region as psoralen, indicating that naringenin can stimulate melanogenesis. Naringenin has lower binding energy than psoralen on all proteins (except β-catenin), indicating that naringenin's interaction with these proteins is stronger than psoralen. Pharmacokinetic and toxicity predictions show that naringenin has good absorption or permeation, is not mutagenic, is not hepatotoxic, and does not cause skin sensitization. Conclusion: This computational study concludes that naringenin has melanogenesis inducer potency and good pharmacokinetics.

A Review of Medicinal Plants of the Himalayas with Anti-Proliferative Activity for the Treatment of Various Cancers.

Simple SummaryDrugs are used to treat cancer. Most drugs available in the market are chemosynthetic drugs and have side effects on the patient during and after the treatment, in addition to cancer itself. For instance, hair loss, loss of skin color and texture, loss of energy, nausea, infertility, etc. To overcome these side effects, naturally obtained drugs from medicinal plants are preferred. Our review paper aims to encourage the study of anticancer medicinal plants by giving detailed information on thirty-three medicinal plants and parts that constitute the phytochemicals responsible for the treatment of cancer. The development of plant-based drugs could be a game changer in treating cancer as well as boosting the immune system.Cancer is a serious and significantly progressive disease. Next to cardiovascular disease, cancer has become the most common cause of mortality in the entire world. Several factors, such as environmental factors, habitual activities, genetic factors, etc., are responsible for cancer. Many cancer patients seek alternative and/or complementary treatments because of the high death rate linked with cancer and the adverse side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Traditional medicine has a long history that begins with the hunt for botanicals to heal various diseases, including cancer. In the traditional medicinal system, several plants used to treat diseases have many bioactive compounds with curative capability, thereby also helping in disease prevention. Plants also significantly contributed to the modern pharmaceutical industry throughout the world. In the present review, we have listed 33 medicinal plants with active and significant anticancer activity, as well as their anticancer compounds. This article will provide a basic set of information for researchers interested in developing a safe and nontoxic active medicinal plant-based treatment for cancer. The research will give a scientific foundation for the traditional usage of these medicinal herbs to treat cancer.

Fractional carbon dioxide laser, platelet –rich plasma and narrow band ultraviolet B in the treatment of Vitiligo (A prospective randomized comparative trial)

Abstract Vitiligo is a disease that causes the loss of skin color in patches due to loss of melanin pigmentation of specific areas of the skin. Although several hypotheses have been proposed, the leading theory is still the auto-immune etiology linked to specific genetic mutations. Vitiligo can also be associated with several autoimmune diseases. There is no curative treatment for vitiligo but, several treatment modalities are considered. Topical therapies like steroids and Calcineurin inhibitors are of popular use in clinical settings also, steroids can be administered systemically in vitiligo patients. Physical therapies as fractionated CO2 (Fr: CO2) laser and Narrowband-UV (NBUV) phototherapy represent a gold standard in treatment in clinical practice. Moreover, intralesional therapies are emerging, one of which is autologous platelet-rich plasma injection. Aim of the study This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of Fr: CO2 laser, PRP, combined Fr: CO2 laser and PRP, combined Fr: CO2 laser and NB-UVB, combined Fr: CO2 laser, PRP and NB-UVB in the treatment of vitiligo as well as reporting the side effects. Patients and methods This study included 20 vitiligo patients with at least 6 patches of stable vitiligo (120 patches), the patches were divided into six groups according to the treatment modality. Assessment of treatment response was done through patient satisfaction score and Vitiligo analysis by computer-assisted grid (VACAG). Results Regarding surface area reduction in included patients, fractional CO2 laser achieved the best results followed by triple combination therapy (CO2 with PRP and NB-UVB), the least response was with CO2 with PRP treatment. Patient satisfaction in the current study had a different outcome, PRP treated patients exhibited the highest satisfaction scores while triple combination treated group showed the least satisfaction scores.

VIRdb: a comprehensive database for interactive analysis of genes/proteins involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

Vitiligo is a chronic asymptomatic disorder affecting melanocytes from the basal layer of the epidermis which leads to a patchy loss of skin color. Even though it is one of the neglected disease conditions, people suffering from vitiligo are more prone to psychological disorders. As of now, various studies have been done in order to project auto-immune implications as the root cause. To understand the complexity of vitiligo, we propose the Vitiligo Information Resource (VIRdb) that integrates both the drug-target and systems approach to produce a comprehensive repository entirely devoted to vitiligo, along with curated information at both protein level and gene level along with potential therapeutics leads. These 25,041 natural compounds are curated from Natural Product Activity and Species Source Database. VIRdb is an attempt to accelerate the drug discovery process and laboratory trials for vitiligo through the computationally derived potential drugs. It is an exhaustive resource consisting of 129 differentially expressed genes, which are validated through gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis. We also report 22 genes through enrichment analysis which are involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation. At the protein level, 40 curated protein target molecules along with their natural hits that are derived through virtual screening. We also demonstrate the utility of the VIRdb by exploring the Protein–Protein Interaction Network and Gene–Gene Interaction Network of the target proteins and differentially expressed genes. For maintaining the quality and standard of the data in the VIRdb, the gold standard in bioinformatics toolkits like Cytoscape, Schrödinger’s GLIDE, along with the server installation of MATLAB, are used for generating results. VIRdb can be accessed through “http://www.vitiligoinfores.com/”.

Evaluation of Superficial Electrocautery in the Treatment of Localized Vitiligo

Abstract Background Vitiligo is a disease that causes the loss of skin color. The extent and rate of color loss from vitiligo is unpredictable. It can affect the skin on any part of your body. It may also affect hair and the inside of the mouth. Aim of the Work Aiming for treating localized stable vitiligo by a simple, old technique. This study was based on a minimal burn, insufficient to develop scar, might activate the repairing processes which would enhance in the same time the MCs proliferation. Patients and Methods The study was done on 30 patients presented with localized stable vitiligo. Superficial electrocautery was done every month for 4 months with application of daily closed wound care using combined fusidic acid and betamethasone valerate cream followed by herbal β sitosterol containing cream then occlusion with Vasline gauze for 10 days or till complete wound healing. Other patch in the same patient is treated only by the above mentioned topical treatment as a control. Results In our study of total 30 patients, 8 patients (27%) showed marked repigmentation after treatment, 16 patients (53%) showed moderate response and the remaining 6 patients (20%) showed mild or no response to treatment. Conclusion No significant side effects were noticed during the course of treatment. Just mild, transient erythema and burning sensation were detected.

Detection of melanocyte lineage-specific genes in vitiligo lesions.

Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by the loss of skin color and functional melanocytes. The pathogenesis of vitiligo remains unclear, which means that effective clinical treatment is difficult. However, if melanocyte linkage-specific genes are identified in vitiligo lesions, the appropriate treament for melanocytes may be implemented. The current study aimed to detect the expression of melanocyte lineage-specific genes in vitiligo lesion needle biopsies and to predict the occurrence of perifollicular repigmentation in depigmented macules. A total of 6 patients with stable vitiligo and 4 healthy volunteers were recruited from the Department of Dermatology, Wuhan Third Hospital. Total RNA was extracted from skin tissue needle biopsies from the periphery and center of depigmented macules, and adjacent normal skin. The expression of dopachrome tautomerase (Dct), tyrosinase (Tyr) and β-actin (ACTB) genes were detected using a reverse transcription (RT)-semi quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. RNA extracted from 7 mg of skin samples was sufficient to amplify all three genes. The expression profile of each patient was then observed in the center of vitiligous lesions and were deemed to be Dct+Tyr-ACTB+, Dct-Tyr-ACTB+ or Dct+Tyr+ACTB+. At 5 months, patient follow-up indicated that perifollicular repigmentation was efficaciously induced by 308 nm eximer light radiation in a patient who had a Dct+Tyr-ACTB+ gene expression. The results demonstrated that needle skin biopsy and RT-semi quantitative PCR may be used as a less traumatic and reliable method to detect the expression profiles of melanocyte lineage-specific genes in needle biopsies, which may have the potential to predict the occurrence of perifollicular repigmentation in vitiligo.

A community based study on finding the Quality of Life of the patients with Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a skin related disease and caused by the loss of skin color in blotches. It is a worldwide problem. By the treatment of vitiligo has improve the appearance of the affected skin of a person but there is no permanent cure treatment available for this disease. Method: Data were collected from the individuals with Vitiligo who were under treatment in Dermatology clinic and were included in this study. A total of 200 individuals agreed to participate. Data were collected in the year of 2014 through a well-defined questionnaires and clinical examinations. We have carried out a detailed psychological analyses based on the response to queries. Results: Patients with vitiligo averaged age was 32.4 ± 13.9 years. The maximum disability of the affected persons were measured by the DLQI summary score. Disability in patients was highest in treatment category with 54.71% of impairment followed by symptoms and feelings, with 41.48%. Conclusion: The present study has revealed that the association of Vitiligo with impairment in different aspects of life. Finally, the study showed that in the vitiligo patients’ quality of life are poor and it is directly associated with their social life. So, the quality of life to be improve is becoming a difficult task. From this study we understood the importance of DLQI sheet in designing and evaluation of efficacy of treatment on Vitiligo patients.

Daytrana patch causes loss of skin colour

Daytrana patch causes loss of skin colour

The effects of modified and palliflex controlled atmosphere storage on postharvest quality and composition of ‘Istanbul’ medlar fruit

Medlar (Mespilus germanica L. cv. Istanbul) fruit were stored in palliflex controlled atmosphere storage systems of 21% O2+0.03% CO2 (PL-1, control), 2% O2+5% CO2 (PL-2), 3% O2+10% CO2 (PL-3) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at 0°C for 60 days to determine the effects of different O2 and CO2 concentrations on physiological properties, quality attributes and storability. Every 15 days, three replicates of each treatment were evaluated for weight loss, fruit firmness, decay, external browning index, skin color, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total phenolics, total flavonoids, total condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity and organic acid and sugar contents. Taste analysis of the fruit was performed after 30, 45 and 60 days of storage. The CO2 and O2 concentrations created by the MAP stabilized at 7% and 14%, respectively. Weight loss of fruit stored in MAP was lower (<0.4% at 60 days) than for other treatments. Off-flavors were not detected in any treatment. Storage of medlar fruit under PL-3 was the least effective treatment in delaying fruit ripening (flesh firmness). The incidence and severity of browning, loss of skin color (Ch°) and retaining acceptable taste during 60 days were found the most effective in PL-2 and PL-1 compared to other treatments. Fruit pH increased and titratable acidity decreased during the storage period. Total soluble solids and sugar contents first increased then decreased in all treatments by the end of storage. The fruit stored in PL-2 had higher titratable acidity, total soluble solids and sugar contents than fruit stored in PL-1, PL-3 and MAP at all evaluations. Concentrations of total phenolics, total flavonoids, total condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, associated antioxidant activity and organic acids were affected by the storage atmosphere, decreased during storage. The concentrations of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were found the highest in PL-2, PL-1 and MAP treatments, respectively. However, in terms of ascorbic acid and total condensed tannins retention, PL-2 was the most effective treatments. The results indicated that 60 days storage of medlar fruit in the palliflex storage system at 0°C maintained physiological and biochemical properties of medlar fruit.

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Medlar (Mespilus germanica L. cv. Istanbul) fruit were stored in palliflex controlled atmosphere storage systems of 21% O2 + 0.03% CO2 (PL-1, control), 2% O2 + 5% CO2 (PL-2), 3% O2 + 10% CO2 (PL-3) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at 0 °C for 60 days to determine the effects of different O2 and CO2 concentrations on physiological properties, quality attributes and storability. Every 15 days, three replicates of each treatment were evaluated for weight loss, fruit firmness, decay, external browning index, skin color, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total phenolics, total flavonoids, total condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity and organic acid and sugar contents. Taste analysis of the fruit was performed after 30, 45 and 60 days of storage. The CO2 and O2 concentrations created by the MAP stabilized at 7% and 14%, respectively. Weight loss of fruit stored in MAP was lower (<0.4% at 60 days) than for other treatments. Off-flavors were not detected in any treatment. Storage of medlar fruit under PL-3 was the least effective treatment in delaying fruit ripening (flesh firmness). The incidence and severity of browning, loss of skin color (Ch°) and retaining acceptable taste during 60 days were found the most effective in PL-2 and PL-1 compared to other treatments. Fruit pH increased and titratable acidity decreased during the storage period. Total soluble solids and sugar contents first increased then decreased in all treatments by the end of storage. The fruit stored in PL-2 had higher titratable acidity, total soluble solids and sugar contents than fruit stored in PL-1, PL-3 and MAP at all evaluations. Concentrations of total phenolics, total flavonoids, total condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, associated antioxidant activity and organic acids were affected by the storage atmosphere, decreased during storage. The concentrations of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were found the highest in PL-2, PL-1 and MAP treatments, respectively. However, in terms of ascorbic acid and total condensed tannins retention, PL-2 was the most effective treatments. The results indicated that 60 days storage of medlar fruit in the palliflex storage system at 0 °C maintained physiological and biochemical properties of medlar fruit.

Vitiligo vulgaris and autoimmune diseases in Japan

We reviewed the causes of "loss of skin color" in 144 patients, who visited Vitiligo Clinic of Kyoto University Hospital between April 2005 and August 2008. The numbers of patients with generalized and segmental Vitiligo vulgaris were 98 (68.1%) and 26 (18.1%), respectively. Small numbers of the patients suffered from Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, piebaldism, congenital albinism, Hypomelanosis of Ito, post-inflammatory hypopigmentation, white leaf-shaped macules associated with tuberous sclerosis and nevus hypopigmentosus. One forth of the patients with generalized vitiligo had complications, while no complications were found in the patients with segmental vitiligo. Among the complications, autoimmune diseases dominated 43% (10 of 23 cases). Autoimmune thyroid diseases explained for the most of the complicated autoimmune diseases and were associated with 7.4% of the patients with generalized vitiligo. Minor autoimmune complications include myasthenia gravis, Sjogren syndrome and autoimmune nephritis. Reflecting the condition that our clinic is located in a university hospital, vitiligo patients with end-stage non-melanoma cancers of internal organs accounted for 8.4% of the patients of generalized vitiligo.

Response of 'Lambert' and 'Ron's Seedling' sweet cherries to fumigation with methyl bromide plus cold storage

Fumigation with methyl bromide followed by storage for 10 or 30 days at 1� retarded weight loss in 'Ron's Seedling' sweet cherries. Loss of skin colour was delayed in 'Lambert' sweet cherries fumigated with 32 dm3 methyl bromide when fumigated at 17�C, compared with fruit not fumigated and those treated with 48 g/m3 methyl bromide. Treatment with 32 dm3 increased the frequency of peduncle abscission in both varieties without serious phytotoxic effects on fruit quality.

Should Vitiligo Be Induced in Patients After Resection of Primary Melanoma?

The incidence of vitiligo is particularly high in patients who have melanomas. Indeed, one has the impression that the frequency of vitiligo increases with a prolongation of the interval between the excision of a primary melanoma and the appearance of metastatic lesions. This statement implies that vitiligo presages for the host either a prolonged remission free from the melanoma or a vigorous resistance and survival longer than expected for those without vitiligo even after metastases are found. Occasionally, patients develop vitiligo many years after the original surgical excision of a melanoma. In these patients metastases may accompany the developing leukoderma. However, the association does not negate the general principle that patients with vitiligo associated with melanomas live longer and handle their melanoma better than those with melanomas without loss of skin color. Observations on pigs, horses, and human beings suggest that induction of vitiligo early in the course of the

The mechanism of endocrine control of melanin pigmentation.

IN RECENT years the relationship between hormones and the mechanism of pigmentation has come to the fore. In this report it will be shown that the pituitary gland elaborates a melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) which affects melanin pigmentation in man. The “peculiar change” in skin color described by Addison in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency, the decreased pigmentation of panhypopituitarism, and the melasma of pregnancy seem to depend in large part upon the activity of MSH. Because the developments leading to this conclusion have involved many people and many aspects of research, it is worthwhile to review the historical background of this problem. In 1916 Smith and Allen, two biologists working independently, almost simultaneously reported that removal of the pituitary gland of tadpoles was followed by loss of skin color (1–4). Three years later Atwell showed that when tadpoles were immersed in pituitary extracts their skin became darker (5). Atwell, Smith, Swingle, and later Zondek found the active agent to be present in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland (5–9). Subsequently, Hogben, Winton, Waring, Landgrebe, Matthews, Zondek, Herrick, and Frieden added much to our understanding of the physiology of pituitary control of pigmentation in fish and amphibia (8–15).