Marginal Bone Loss Research Articles

Effects of thread design on soft and hard tissue healing around implants in lipopolysaccharide-induced peri-implantitis-like lesions in rat maxillae.

This study investigated the effects of thread design on the soft and hard tissues around implants in rat maxillary peri-implantitis-like lesions. Fourteen, 9-week-old, female Wistar rats were used in this study. Two types of grade IV titanium tissue-level implants with a standard V-shape and buttress threads were prepared (control and test implants, respectively). The control and test implants were randomly placed into healed left or right sides four weeks after first molar extraction. Daily administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the peri-implant mucosal sulcus was performed in combination with Freund's incomplete and complete adjuvants. The maxillae were harvested 16 days after LPS administration for quantitative and qualitative analyses. LPS administration induced significant marginal bone loss, with increases in osteoclasts and polymorphonuclear cells around control implants. LPS administration did not change cell numbers around t nor alter bone quality inside the buttress threads of the test implants, but resulted in a significant deterioration of bone quality, defined as the preferential alignment of collagen fibers inside the V-shaped threads of the control implant. LPS administration also significantly increased calprotectin production in the epithelium around the test implants and significantly increased calprotectin production in the connective tissue around both the control and test implants. Buttress threads at specific angles provided resistance to LPS-induced inflammation in rats with LPS-induced peri-implantitis-like lesions. The upregulated production of calprotectin induced by LPS administration in the epithelium and connective tissues around the test implants may facilitate inflammation control around implants.

Prediction models for the complication incidence and survival rate of dental implants-a systematic review and critical appraisal.

This systematic review aims to assess the performance, methodological quality and reporting transparency in prediction models for the dental implant's complications and survival rates. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Peer-reviewed studies that developed prediction models for dental implant's complications and survival rate were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated the risk of bias and reporting quality using the PROBAST and TRIPOD guidelines. The performance of the models were also compared in this study. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019122274). The initial screening yielded 1769 publications, from which 14 studies featuring 43 models were selected. Four of the 14 studies predicted peri-implantitis as the most common outcome. Three studies predicted the marginal bone loss, two predicted suppuration of peri-implant tissue. The remaining five models predicted the implant loss, osseointergration or other complication. Common predictors included implant position, length, patient age, and a history of periodontitis. Sixteen models showed good to excellent discrimination (AUROC >0.8), but only three had undergone external validation. A significant number of models lacked model presentation. Most studies had a high or unclear risk of bias, primarily due to methodological limitation. The included studies conformed to 18-27 TRIPOD checklist items. The current prediction models for dental implant complications and survival rate have limited methodological quality and external validity. There is a need for enhanced reliability, generalizability, and clinical applicability in future models.

Basal implants as a treatment alternative for severely resorbed ridges.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term treatment outcomes of basal implants in patients with severely resorbed ridges, including the survival and success rates, patient complaints, satisfaction, and Quality of Life. An extensive electronic search was conducted on the search engines: PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using Boolean Operators (AND, OR, NOT) and the key words (basal implants, Corticobasal implants, Strategic Implants, severely resorbed ridge, severely atrophic ridge, treatment outcome, patient satisfaction) within the last 10 years. A total of 21 articles were found, encompassing 9732 basal implants placed in 1219 patients. Thirteen studies had reported a success or survival rate with a range of 90.3-100% for intraoral basal implants and 88.2% and 92.9% for orbital and nasal implants, respectively. Four studies have reported failure rates with a range of 0.3-3.2%, while seven articles documented 0.3-2.4% mobility. The pain was reported in 6 studies (0.3-0.8), marginal bone loss (0.33-7.89 mm), an increase in bone density, and peri-implant bone contact were reported in 3 and 2 studies, respectively. Basal implant-supported prostheses can be a practical treatment modality with high predictable survival or success rates, positive impacts on patient satisfaction, and improved quality of life.

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of extra-short implants (≤ 6 mm) in the posterior atrophic jaws: a retrospective cohort study

ObjectiveThis study aimed at investigating implant survival rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) around extra-short implants. The impact of the loading protocol and of the use of an intermediate abutment was also evaluated, to explore possible differences in terms of the outcome measures.Materials and methodsPatients with single or multiple mandibular or maxillary posterior edentulism rehabilitated using extra-short 5–6 mm long implants were included. Different prosthetic protocols were used. Clinical and radiological follow-up was 5 years. The outcomes measures were implant survival and MBL.ResultsThe analysis included 56 implants placed in 34 adults (12 males and 22 females; mean age 60 years, SD 11). Six implants failed during a median follow-up of 5 years and 4 of them were recorded in one patient at 2-year follow-up. The 5-year implant survival was 89% overall (87% in conventional and 94% in immediate loading). At univariate analysis, during follow-up immediate loading was associated with higher MBL (mean variation 0.21 mm, 95%CI 0.01 to 0.40; p = 0.02), while intermediate abutment was associated with lower MBL (mean variation -0.23 mm, 95%CI -0.39 to -0.09; p = 0.003). Multivariable analysis confirmed that immediate loading was associated with higher MBL.ConclusionWithin its limitations, this study showed that extra-short implants under immediate loading conditions can be a reliable solution. The application of horizontal and vertical platform switching with the use of intermediate abutments seems to be able to contribute to the reduction of MBL.Graphical

Dental Implant Rehabilitation in Patients Carrying WNT10A Mutations With Different Molecular Statuses and Phenotypes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

WNT10A mutations are associated with tooth agenesis. This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of dental implants in patients carrying WNT10A mutations with different molecular statuses and phenotypes over a long-term follow-up period. Patients with tooth agenesis were screened by whole-exome sequencing (WES) from January 2010 to September 2023. Carriers of pathogenic WNT10A mutations who underwent subsequent dental implant therapy were evaluated. WES identified 66 patients with tooth agenesis carrying WNT10A mutations. Of these, 27 patients (11 males/16 females; mean age 19.6 years) met the inclusion criteria. Homozygotes had significantly more missing teeth (24.4 ± 3.8) than heterozygotes (10.9 ± 5.1, p < 0.0001) and compound heterozygotes (13.8 ± 3.5, p = 0.001). A total of 160 conventional implants were placed. Seven implants were lost in four patients before final prosthesis placement, resulting in overall failure rates of 14.8% at the subject level and 4.4% at the implant level. The 5-year cumulative survival rate (range: 0.23-12.74 years) was 85.2% and 95.6% at the subject and implant levels, respectively. The mean marginal bone loss (MBL) was 0.80 mm (95% CI: 0.59-1.02). Subgroup analysis revealed higher MBL in homozygotes (p = 0.002), sites requiring extensive bone augmentation (p = 0.016), anterior regions (p = 0.031), and full-arch bridge cases (p < 0.0001). Patient satisfaction and OHIP-C49 scores were favorable. Implant rehabilitation is predictable for patients with WNT10A mutations. However, increased MBL observed in homozygotes with severe tooth agenesis and in cases requiring extensive alveolar bone augmentation highlights the importance of genetic diagnosis prior to implant therapy in patients with severe tooth agenesis.

Osteoporosis' effects on dental implants osseointegration and survival rate: a systematic review of clinical studies.

The goal of this systematic review was to critically appraise the existing evidence evaluating osteoporosis' effects on dental implant osseointegration and survival rate. A search was conducted in two databases, PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus, until October 2024, using the keywords 'osteoporosis,' 'osteopenia,' 'osseointegration,' and 'dental implants'. The inclusion criteria were clinical studies that evaluated the implant placement, complications, and osseointegration results in patients with osteoporosis; literature reviews and clinical studies addressing the outcome were considered; and articles written in English and published since 2000. Descriptive data analysis included author, year of publication, study design, number of patients, osteoporosis assessment, follow-up, and main findings. JBI quality assessment was performed. 24 articles were included with a total of 2,102 patients; 5954 dental implants were considered and evaluated. Most studies evaluated bone density for osteoporosis by dual-energy x-ray technology. The follow-up ranged from 1 month to 25 years. Four studies evaluated implants with over 10 years of follow-up. All studies' survival rate was higher than 90%, even for osteoporotic patients. Most studies indicated no differences between osteoporotic and healthy patients regarding marginal bone loss (MBL), bone-to-implant contact, cytokine levels, and mineral bone density. A prospective cohort study found a small MBL (-0.34 mm) in osteoporotic female patients, but there was insufficient evidence to prove any causal relationship between MBL and osteoporosis. Another study showed no clinical differences between implants placed in osteoporotic and healthy individuals. In contrast, other studies showed lower stability scores for implants placed in osteoporotic sites and a higher risk of failure for implant placement. Osteoporosis status was not a risk factor for dental implant failure, which was also confirmed by histological studies. Three studies had a medium risk of bias and 21 a low risk. Osteoporosis is not a contraindication for dental implant placement. Osseointegration in patients with osteoporosis is feasible; however, planning must be cautious and personalized for the installation of dental implants.

Long-Term Effects of Sinus Floor Elevation with and Without Bone Graft: A Systematic Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background and Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to assess clinical trials on the efficiency of sinus lift techniques with and without bone grafting in the atrophic posterior maxilla. Materials and Methods: This article was written under the PRISMA and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were electronically searched until December 2023. The risk of bias was assessed according to Cochrane Risk of Bias tool guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed for implant survival rate (ISR), marginal bone loss (MBL), and endo-sinus bone gain (ESBG). Results: At the end of the electronic search, 5 clinical trials were considered eligible. Statistical analysis was achieved for osteotome sinus floor elevation. The ISR at 3 years had a risk ratio (RR) of 0.98 [0.90, 1.07] (CI 95%), p = 0.7, and at 5 years, RR 1.02 [0.93, 1.11] (CI 95%), p = 0.68. The MBL, at 3 years, indicated a weighted mean difference (WMD) of 0.01 [-0.15, 0.16] (CI 95%), p = 0.93, and at 5 years, WMD of -0.08 [-0.53, 0.37] (CI 95%), p = 0.73. ESBG at 3 years had a WMD of -0.44 [-1.05, 0.17] (CI 95%), p = 0.16, and at 5 years, WMD of -0.61 [-1.63, 0.41] (CI 95%), p = 0.24. Conclusions: The available evidence underlines that the osteotome sinus floor elevation technique without bone graft may be used.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMMEDIATE DENTAL IMPLANTS PLACED IN EXTRAXTION SOCKETS WITH PERIAPICAL PATHOLOGY. A CONTROLLED CASE SERIES

Background:Immediate placement of implants in post-extraction sockets is a common and well-established treatment modality. However, extraction sockets with periapical pathology may negatively impact the outcome of this treatment procedure. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of immediate placement of dental implants in infected extraction sockets with periapical pathology. Materials and Methods: The study included 37 patients who underwent tooth extraction with periapical pathology and immediate 151 Bio3 GmbH (Germany) implants placement. Postoperative results; implant survival, implant failure, marginal bone loss (MBL), and patient-reported function of the implants were assessed clinically and radiographically. Results: There were no complications during implant placement and in the postoperative period, no signs of infection around the implants were detected at the follow-up visit 4 weeks after implant placement, the soft tissues were in good condition, as evidenced by their healthy color and texture. The mean RFA for151 implants was 63.7 ISQ (implant stability), and after 3-5 months, respectively, 72.4 ISQ. The mean MBL after 12 months was 0.94, after 36 months the mean MBL was 1.28, at 60 months follow-up the mean MBL was 1.42. The functional and aesthetic results of prosthetic restoration were satisfied by the patients, as chewing function was restored, the esthetics of the facial profile and occlusion improved. The success rate of immediate implants after 5 years was 96.8%, and shows a similar survival rate to the published success rates for immediate implants placed in non-infected sites. Conclusion: Evidence suggests that immediate placement of implants in areas with periapical infections is a predictable and effective treatment protocol if the areas are thoroughly debrided prior to implant placement, high implants stability is achieved during implant placement, and systemic antibiotics are used.

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Transalveolar Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation with Rotatory Instruments: An 8-Year Follow-Up Prospective Clinical Study.

Background: Transalveolar sinus floor elevation (TSFE) is a surgical technique for the placement of dental implants in patients with reduced height of the maxillary posterior alveolar bone. This study aims to demonstrate the clinical outcomes of TSFE using the minimal invasive sinus elevation (MISE) technique in partially and totally edentulous maxillary patients. Methods: This prospective clinical study followed STROBE guidelines. TSFE was performed using the MISE technique with the simultaneous placement of implants. Dental implants were loaded at 6 months. Maxillary vertical bone gain was measured by CBCT, and marginal bone loss was assessed by periapical radiographs. Results: Ninety-one patients, with a mean age of 62.1 ± 11.8 years, were treated with TSFE and the placement of 107 implants, with a mean follow-up of 96.2 ± 11.7 months. An increase of 4.3 ± 0.4 mm in bone height was achieved, with a dental implant cumulative survival rate of 97.2%. Peri-implantitis was observed in 9.3% of implants, and membrane perforation occurred in 7.7% of cases. Technical complications were noted in 5.5% of patients. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this clinical study, it can be concluded that the MISE technique is a successful protocol for the placement of implants in the posterior maxilla with reduced height of the alveolar ridge, with a rate of biological and prosthetic complications below 10% over an average follow-up period of 8 years.

Long-Term Clinical Study on Sandblasted-Acid-Etched Surface Dental Implants: 12-Year Follow-Up.

Sandblasting and acid etching are common procedures used to treat implant surfaces, enhancing osseointegration and improving clinical success rates. This clinical study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of sandblasted and acid-etched implants. A total of 303 implants were placed in 114 partially and totally edentulous patients using a two-stage surgical technique and an early loading protocol (6-8 weeks). Clinical findings for implants and prosthetics were evaluated over a 12-year follow-up period. A total of 12 implants (3.9%) failed, with 3 failures occurring during the healing period before loading and 9 due to peri-implantitis. The cumulative survival rate for all implants was 96.1%. A total of 156 prostheses were placed on 300 implants, 87 single crowns, 45 partial fixed bridges, 9 full-arch fixed restorations, and 15 overdentures. The mean marginal bone loss was 1.18 mm. (SD. 0.64 mm.). Thirty-nine implants (13%) in twenty-four patients exhibited peri-implantitis. Technical complications, including prosthetic screw loosening or fracture, ceramic chipping, and acrylic fractures, were observed in 24 subjects (21.1%). Sandblasted and acid-etched surface implants placed in the maxilla and mandible reported favorable outcomes and stable tissue conditions with an early loading protocol.

Evaluation of Edentulous Maxillary and Mandibular Full Arch Implant Supported Rehabilitation Using the All-on-Four Treatment Concept: An 8-Year Follow-Up Retrospective Study.

The "all-on-four" treatment modality is a treatment in which four implants are surgically placed in the completely edentulous jaw in order to restore immediately loaded implant supported fixed restoration. The aim of the present study was to compare clinical, radiological and prosthetic outcomes of immediately loaded maxillary and mandibular four implant supported cross-arch fixed denture prosthesis. A total of 112 edentulous patients who were rehabilitated for their complete maxillary and mandibular edentulism using All-on-four concept between January 2010 to August 2012 in four private dental clinics were included in this study for retrieve their data for marginal bone loss, implant survival rate, and prosthetic complication for a period of 8 years of follow-up. A total of 12 patients lost 18 implants, provided a cumulative survival estimate of 97.99% at 8 years in the maxillary arch implants in 8 years of follow-up. After 1 year of follow-up, the mean bone loss with in comparison to baseline at implant level was 1.14 ± 0.86 (mean ± SD), and after 8 years it was 1.63 ± 1.24. In the maxillary arch the marginal bone loss was more when compared to mandibular arch, it showed 1.58 ± 1.22 and 1.89 ± 1.18 for 1 year and 8 years, respectively, for the implants in the maxillary arch. Cumulative implant survival rate recorded in 8 years of follow-up was 97.99%. With a prosthetic survival rate of 78.6%, The prosthetic failure was mainly due to the type of restoration (acrylic wrap-around).

Retrospective clinical follow-up of implants placed in edentulous jaws after computer-guided surgery and immediate loading, in geriatric patients.

Although there are many works analyzing the clinical behavior of immediate loading of implants inserted by guided surgery, the literature referring specifically to elderly patients is scarce. The aim of this investigation is to present the clinical outcomes of immediate loading of implants inserted by guided surgery in geriatric patients with edentulous maxilla. The clinical data of 20 elderly patients with edentulous jaws are analyzed retrospectively. All were diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography, oral examination, and articulator-mounted models to analyze the intermaxillary relationship. They were treated with 4 to 10 implants by flapless guided surgery with immediate loading. After surgery, the implants were loaded with a temporary acrylic prosthesis and six months later, a definitive full-arch ceramic prosthesis was placed. Twenty patients with an average age of 68.8 years (11 males and 9 females) underwent treatment with a total of 139 implants. Among them, 15 patients (75%) had a history of periodontitis. Ten patients (50%) smoked. Thirteen patients (65%) report a history oof systemic disease. The mean follow-up was 53.1 ± 21.4 months. The clinical outcomes indicated a 100% success rate for the implants. Twenty full-arch fixed maxillary rehabilitations were performed, with an average marginal bone loss of 1.37 mm (S.D. 0.53 mm.) Marginal bone loss was significantly greater for patients with a longer period of clinical follow-up. Peri-implantitis is reported in 17 implants (12.2%) in 8 patients (40%). Four patients (20%) showed some kind of mechanical prosthodontic complications. The present work indicates that treatment with implant-supported fixed full-arch prostheses, in geriatric patients with edentulous jaws and through guided surgery and immediate loading, this implant protocol seems to be a successful.

Long-Term Comparative Outcomes of Short Implants Versus Maxillary Sinus Elevation in Posterior Maxilla Rehabilitation.

Background: Vertical atrophy of the maxilla has traditionally been treated with sinus lift procedures and implant placement, performed in one or two surgical stages. Subsequently, the transcrestal sinus lift technique was introduced, offering distinct advantages in terms of indications and reduced morbidity. Most recently, short implants have emerged as a valid alternative to these procedures, even in cases of severe horizontal resorption, allowing for direct placement in many cases. This study was designed to assess the clinical outcomes of short implant placement in alveolar ridges with severe bone atrophy, compared with conventional-length implants placed in areas undergoing conventional sinus elevation. Methods: A retrospective split-mouth study was conducted to compare conventional sinus elevation with standard-length implants versus short implants for addressing vertical bone atrophy in the posterior maxilla. The primary variable was the variation in the marginal bone level. The secondary variables were implant survival and complications. The evaluation of the statistical significance of the difference in categorical variables was accomplished by Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. The comparison between the study groups in continuous variables was performed using Wilcoxon test. The statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study sample consisted of 24 patients and a total of 73 dental implants. The lateral sinus elevation group (LSEG) included 39 implants, while the short implants group (SIG) included 32 implants. All prostheses were screw-retained. Changes in marginal bone levels indicated a marginal bone loss of less than 0.5 mm in both groups, with no statistically significant difference. In the LSEG, two cases of mucositis were identified, attributed to improper use of an interdental brush. Additionally, two cases of prosthetic screw fracture were reported in the LSEG as technical complications. Conclusions: Long-term outcome data have provided evidence that the use of short implants is comparable to a state-of-the-art procedure (sinus grafting and placement of implants) regarding implant survival, marginal bone remodeling, and complication rates.

Marginal Bone Loss Around the Implant: A Retrospective Analysis of Bone Remodeling Over Five Years of Follow-Up

Marginal Bone Loss Around the Implant: A Retrospective Analysis of Bone Remodeling Over Five Years of Follow-Up

Residual bone level as a prognostic factor in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis

Peri-implantitis is a progressive inflammatory disease affecting the tissues surrounding dental implants and leading to bone loss. The severity of this disease is typically classified based on the depth of the bone defect or the percentage of bone loss around the implant. Marginal bone loss is a critical factor in the surgical management of peri-implantitis, as it can complicate access for implant decontamination and hinder efforts to stabilize the condition. In cases where bone loss exceeds 50% of the implant length, explantation is often recommended due to significantly reduced success rates after treatment. This narrative review seeks to examine the scientific evidence on marginal bone loss as a prognostic factor in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis.

Evaluation of success rate and marginal bone loss in dental implants subjected to early loading with a follow up of one year

Dental implants (also known as oral or endosseous implants are considered to be an important contribution to dentistry as they have revolutionized the way by which missing teeth are replaced with a high success rate. Implant success is evaluated by various implant health parameters along with patient satisfaction. : The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the success rate and marginal bone loss in dental implants subjected to early loading versus conventional loading and also to find out the clinical viability of early loading in day-to-day practice, especially in the Armed Forces.This study was done with a split mouth design.Fifteen patients of either sex in the mean age of 22 to 52 years with bilateral missing first mandibular molar, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and divided into two groups. In Group 1, subjected to early loading, (fifteen sites) the provisional prostheses were fabricated and cemented in occlusal contact with the opposing dentition within 8 weeks of implant placement. In Group 2 (fifteen sites) 15 implants were to be subjected to conventional loading after six months.Two implants were lost in group 1 and one implant in group 2 during the study. The difference in Periotest values of Group-1 and Group-2 was not significant (p value &amp;#62; 0.005). The Peri crestal bone level in both (early loading and conventional loading) groups were within the acceptable limits and difference between the groups was not significant (p value &amp;#62;0.005).Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that early loading is a viable treatment modality and can be routinely employed for rehabilitation of partially edentulous arches. Meticulous diagnosis and treatment planning, precise clinical and laboratory protocols are critical in long term success of prostheses.

Implant Failure and Marginal Bone Loss Between Axial and Tilted Implants: An Umbrella Review with Meta-analysis.

To summarize and analyze all the evidence available concerning marginal bone loss (MBL) and implant failure between tilted and axial implants. An electronic literature search was conducted without any language restrictions, and only systematic reviews with meta-analysis or meta-analysis studies were included. Relative risks (RRs) and the differences in mean (MD) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the assessed outcomes (in mm) of implant failure and MBL. In total, eight studies were included. Based on the short-term results, a nonsignificant mean difference (MD = 0.00; 95% CI; -0.01-0.02; P value = .75) was recorded between tilted and axial implants supporting full-arch dentures. A significant mean difference was recorded at 3-year follow-up (MD = 0.08 95% CI= 0.05-0.11; P value < .00001) and at long-term follow-up (MD = 0.18; 95% CI = 0.15-0.20; P value < .00001). A nonsignificant difference was observed between tilted and axial implants regarding implant failure (RR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.85-1.23;P value = .81). Based on the high- and moderate-quality studies with low risk of bias included in this review, no significant difference in outcome regarding implant failure was observed between tilted and axial implants supporting full-arch or fixed partial dentures.

Efficacy of Collagen Matrix for Establishing Keratinized Mucosa at Dental Implants: A 5-Year Randomized Controlled Trial.

To compare the 5-year outcomes of collagen matrix (CM) and free gingival graft (FGG) used to augment the keratinized mucosa (KM) around posterior dental implants. Thirty patients (44 implants) with inadequate KM (< 2 mm) on posterior dental implants were randomized into two groups that received KM augmentation with CM or FGG. Clinical measurements comprising the KM width (KMW), buccal mucosal thickness (MT), and clinical parameters were examined in a 5-year follow-up. Marginal bone loss (MBL) was evaluated with standardized radiographs using the paralleling technique. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) during the first week post-surgery and at the 5-year follow-up were evaluated. KMW increased significantly during the follow-up period in both groups. The FGG group had a significantly greater KMW than the CM group at the 1, 2-month follow-up and after the 6-month follow-up. KM shrinkage was observed, and was greatest within the first 2 months post-surgery in both groups. At the 5-year follow-up, the KM shrinkage was significantly different between the groups (FGG: 47%; CM: 70%) (p < 0.01). The MT increased significantly in the FGG group. The clinical parameters and MBL were similar between the groups. The bleeding score in the FGG group was higher than that in the CM group (p < 0.05) within the first 2 days post-surgery, while other PROs scores were similar between groups in the first week post-surgery. At 5-year follow-up, all patients were highly satisfied with the treatments. FGG was superior to CM in terms of the KM augmentation and MT increase. Except for a slight difference in self-reported bleeding during the first two post-operative days, CM didn't demonstrate other significant advantages in PROMs. ChiCTR1800018285 (date of registration: 9/9/2018, retrospectively registered. URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=24156).

Observation of peri-implant bone loss rates in patients visiting dentist-A retrospective evaluation of patients of a faculty hospital for one year.

Many studies have been published on the relationship between different parameters with marginal bone loss around implants. The results of these studies vary, but some variables such as smoking or certain systemic conditions are more likely to predispose or exacerbate the resorption around implants. The aim of this study was to determine the rates of implants with radiographically detected marginal bone loss and to determine whether there is a relationship between the severity of destruction and certain risk factors like location of implant, restoration type, systemic condition, age, sex or smoking habits. Panoramic radiographs obtained for 1 year were examined. Patients with bone loss around the implant were classified according to the region of implant placement, type of restoration on implants, systemic diseases, and smoking habits. The rate of bone loss around the implants was recorded as the resorption score. Double and multiple comparison tests were applied to observe whether the resorption scores were related to the variables. Of 17,352 patients, 1,465 had at least one implant, and 1,116 of these had no bone loss. A total of 181 patients (863 implants) included in the study, there was a weak correlation between age (p = 0.017) and resorption rate. Implants supporting bridge restorations had higher resorption scores. Gender, age, and systemic conditions alone are not effective in increasing peri-implant bone loss (p < 0.05); therefore, placing implants in the mandible (p = 0.020) or using implants to support bridge restorations(p = 0.027) may make implants more vulnerable to resorption.

The Use of the Facial Sinus Wall as Bone Shell Onlay Graft for Maxillary Posterior Ridge Reconstruction: A Retrospective Case Series.

To evaluate the performance and clinical outcome of vertical and horizontal bone augmentation (VHBA) in posterior maxillary regions combining lateral window sinus floor elevation (LWSFE) with a horizontal bone shell technique applying the maxillary facial sinus wall as a bone plate. In 18 patients, LWSFE was combined with a horizontal bone shield augmentation procedure utilizing the maxillary facial sinus bone wall as a lateral bone plate. Both the sinus cavity and the lateral bone box created were grafted with a mixture of autogenous bone/venous blood and bovine bone mineral. The primary aim was to assess the performance of combined techniques enabling subsequent implant placement. Using radiographic measurements (preoperative, after VHBA, at implant placement, and at follow-up), bone gain/reduction of augmented horizontal ridge width (HRW) and vertical bone height (VBH) were evaluated. Additionally, clinical outcome assessing implant survival/success rate, marginal bone loss (MBL), and implant health (mucositis/peri-implantitis) was evaluated. For the combined VHBA techniques, HRW and VBH increased significantly (p < 0.001) from preoperative 3.5 ± 1.4 mm/3.6 ± 2.1 mm to 9.7 ± 1.9 mm/18.0 ± 1.6 mm post-augmentation. However, HRW and VBH dimensions decreased up to 8.9 ± 1.8 mm/17.1 ± 1.4 mm at implant placement and 8.6 ± 1.7 mm/16.7 ± 1.3 mm at follow-up evaluation (3.8 ± 1.8 years; p < 0.001, respectively). Augmented bone reduction was significantly higher (-7.7%) between the augmentation procedure and implant placement than in the post-implant-placement period (-2.5%). All implants survived (100%) representing peri-implant MBL of -0.9 ± 0.7 mm, pocket depth of 3.4 + 1.8 mm, and prevalences of 5%/0% for peri-implant mucositis/peri-implantitis. The combination of horizontal bone augmentation using local bone shield transfer from the maxillary facial sinus wall with LWSFE enables sufficient reconstruction of maxillary posterior ridge.