Loss Of City Research Articles

Diminishing farmland and urban development in China: 1993–1996

Farmland conservation is a new perspective in China's development policy making. In this paper, we seek to explore the distribution patterns of farmland loss between regions and among city-size groups, and to examine the factors and institutional background that influence on farmland conservation. A random sample of 179 out of 666 cities in 1996 was selected. Data were collected from various sources for the period 1993–96. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and nonparametric tests were used to analyze the data. Three-dimensional maps were plotted to present the distribution patterns of farmland loss, urban population growth and real estate development. The empirical results reveal that regional and hierarchical variations did exist in farmland loss, so did in urban population growth and real estate development. Farmland loss was more severe a problem in cities along the coast, especially cities with a nonagricultural population over two million. Urban population growth and real estate development were two main factors causing farmland loss in cities. Poor legal ground for land administration, weak law enforcement, and the drive towards fast revenue making were the underlying problems that prevented effective farmland conservation. In China's current transition from a planned to a market economy, farmland conservation can succeed only if government officials were no longer to trade off sustainability of development with short-term, fast revenue making.

Child Care in the People's Republic of China—1973: Part II

NUTRITION OF CHILDREN There is very little solid information concerning the nutrition of children in China in preliberation days. Given the severity and magnitude of the problem in most contemporary developing countries, and the anecdotal information about the situation in China then, it seems safe to assume that it was indeed a serious problem. Thus, the nutritional status of preschool children in China today is a matter of special interest. Breast-Feeding There is no satisfactory alternative to breastfeeding for the vast majority of mothers in the developing world. For such mothers, adequate artificial feeding is prohibitively expensive; it also requires careful education of the mother and then extreme care on her part to prepare feedings hygienically. The many significant advantages of breast-feeding for such mothers have been spelled out by the Jelliffes in a recently published symposium. They call attention there, and elsewhere, to the fact that human milk offers one of the best, but perhaps least appreciated, ways to close the "protein gap" in the developing world. Berg has discussed the economic aspects of breast-feeding in developing countries. He has calculated, for example, that if only 20% of urban mothers in such countries do not breast-feed, the cost of an adequate replacement diet for their infants would equal $365,000,000 per year. Berg believes that 20% is an underestimate of the proportion not breast-feeding and reckons that the total loss in cities throughout the developing world is in the billions of dollars each year. This sum is not actually spent, of course, and the vast majority of infants in the urban slums of developing countries receive a far less than adequate replacement.

The city's loss—major mitchel's career as a lesson in municipal politics

National Municipal ReviewVolume 7, Issue 5 p. 503-504 Article The city's loss—major mitchel's career as a lesson in municipal politics† Robert S. Binkerd, New York CitySearch for more papers by this author Robert S. Binkerd, New York CitySearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1918 https://doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4110070510 † From the New York Times. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume7, Issue5September 1918Pages 503-504 RelatedInformation