This research advances seismic wave propagation analysis by innovatively incorporating temperature effects within fluid-solid coupled media. Leveraging the Lord-Shulman theory, we develope propagation equations that utilize both thermoacoustic and thermoelastic concepts to mirror the intricacies of fluid-solid-thermal coupled media. This method facilitates energy exchange between different regions by utilizing distinct wave propagation equations in various media and implementing appropriate boundary conditions at the interfaces. Subsequently, we employ high-order staggered grids and formulate corresponding Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) absorbing boundaries to enhance simulation accuracy and reduce computational demands. This approach is validated through two numerical examples and rock physics experiments, highlighting the crucial influence of thermal variations on subsurface wave dynamics and the method’s effectiveness in synthesizing seismic records and simulating converted wave information. The results indicate that the proposed method provides a new approach for analyzing seismic wave propagation characteristics in fluid-solid coupled environments with temperature variations.