Long-term Objectives Research Articles

Collaborative Optimization of Stope Cooling and Geothermal Energy Exploitation for Backfill Embedded Heat Exchanger

Backfillembedded heat exchanger (BEHE) are used for stope cooling during the mining process and for geothermal energy recovery during the long-term heat extraction stage. This study develops a three-dimensional BEHE model to optimize the pipe arrangement, considering both the immediate requirements of stope cooling and the long-term objectives of geothermal energy exploitation. To evaluate the effects of geothermal energy extraction and stope cooling, heat extraction per meter and average temperature in the stope area are used as criterion parameters. The results indicate that the cooling efficiency is positively correlated with the number of pipe layers and pipe diameter, while it is negatively correlated with pipe spacing, interlayer spacing, and the distance from the bottom of the backfill-embedded heat exchanger (BEHE) to the cold radiation surface. Geothermal energy extraction, on the other hand, is positively correlated with the number of pipe layers, interlayer spacing, and the distance from the bottom of the BEHE to the cold radiation surface. Considering both objectives, the optimal pipe arrangement is determined to be PLS = 1.0 m, S = 500 mm, F = 3, D = 0.05 m, and DN = 50 mm. Additionally, based on a comprehensive analysis of extensive calculation results, an empirical correlation for heat extraction per meter as a function of pipe arrangement parameters was derived.

Growing grit: Perseverance and passion in nursing education.

Grit, or a person's "perseverance and passion for long-term goals," is a noted character trait for success. This qualitative descriptive study explored the experiences and challenges faced by nursing students, focusing on how these experiences shaped their educational journeys and exploring the role of perseverance and passion in nursing education and its potential for student success in a nursing education program. Purposive sampling was utilized to select study participants from higher education institutions in Southeastern Pennsylvania. To guide the interview, an interview protocol was developed which included a comparison table of the open-ended interview and probing questions and the Grit-S scale, an 8-item self-evaluation tool that quantifies perseverance of effort (perseverance) and consistency of interest (passion). Data were collected via semistructured virtual interview. Data were managed with ATLAS.ti 9 used in coding and analyzing transcripts and creating data visualization. The data analysis identified four themes: managing goals, confronting challenges, emerging interests, and experiencing supportive relationships. The study identified student perceptions of the factors that impacted their perseverance for long-term goals and their passion for nursing, assisting in their success. Recognizing the crucial role played by perseverance and passion in a student's success empowers nursing programs and faculty to consider implementing strategies to nurture interest and support students as they pursue their long-term objectives. The results of this study supported the interplay of perseverance and passion. Recommendations for nursing education include fostering supportive relationships and student-centered instructional techniques as well as organizing seminars or similar programs during the first year of their curriculum to grow perseverance and inspire passion.

Analysis and Measurement of Investment in The Industrial Sector and Its Impact on Unemployment in Iraq for The Period (2004-2022)

The study scrutinizes the influence that industrial investment has on unemployment rates in Iraq during the years ranging from 2004 to 2022. Employing the ARDL econometric model, the study analyzes and interprets the net as well as foreign investments and their concomitant relationship with unemployment. The findings reveal a significant and direct qualitative relationship between investment in the industrial sector and unemployment, showing that increased investment in this sector will, indeed, decrease the unemployment level. This has managed to emphasize the importance of an industrial sector in the absorption of surplus labor and contributions to gross domestic product (GDP). Further, by establishing a local industry that meets national demand of goods and services, investment in the industrial sector will have an alternative to imports and be able to stabilize the economy while improving growth. The latter includes the standpoint that efficient public spending would, therefore, be maximized by the industrial sector in terms of economic development and employment. Also, the study will emphasize how a stable investment environment can thus be used to attract local and foreign investments by having political, economic, and social stability. The results also show that bureaucracy clearing, enhancement of physical infrastructure, and legal guarantees and incentives form an important list of things that encourage a conducive investment environment. Overall, the study gives an insight to contribute better understanding on how those strategic investments in the industrial sector can serve to reduce upfront unemployment and yet foster sustainable economic growth in Iraq. This study offers significant insights to many policy makers in terms of maximizing the effectiveness of public spending and investment in achieving long-term economic objectives.

Evaluating Image Processing Capabilities in the Cloud: A Comparative Study of Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud

Cloud computing is a transformative paradigm that enables the distribution of processing power, application execution, and storage across networks of remote computer systems. This model allows for the flexible allocation and release of IT resources over the internet, offering an affordable solution for both businesses and individuals. Through cloud services, users can access a variety of offerings, such as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS), and Desktop as a Service (DaaS), with pricing based on actual usage. In an increasingly competitive market with diverse service options, selecting a long-term cloud provider can be challenging. Dominant providers like Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud lead this market. This paper provides an in-depth evaluation of the image processing services offered by these providers, focusing on Azure Custom Vision, Azure Computer Vision, Azure Cognitive Services, Google Cloud Vision API, and AutoML Vision. The analysis explores the performance and capabilities of these services, emphasizing their strengths and leadership in cloud technology. The primary goal of this study is to offer a comparative analysis of Azure and Google Cloud, helping organizations and users make informed decisions that align with their long-term objectives. In addition, the paper examines the security measures implemented for Integration Platform as a Service (iPaaS) on both platforms, providing a detailed review of their security features and protective mechanisms. The study also highlights key parameters such as performance, scalability, usability, cost, and security to assist organizations in choosing the most appropriate platform for their specific requirements. Case studies and emerging trends in cloud-based image processing are also covered

Doing better rather than promising more: A basic principle applicable to both climate modelling and climate policies

A growing number of scientists are expressing concerns about the inadequacy of climate change policies. Fewer are questionning the dominant climate modelling paradigm and the IPCC’s success to prevent humanity from venturing unprepared into hitherto unknown territories. However, in view of an urgent need to provide readily available data on constraining uncertainty in local and regional climate change impacts in the next few years, there is a debate on the most suitable path to inform both mitigation and adaptation strategies. Examples are given how both common statistical methods and emerging technologies can be readily used to exploit the wealth of existing knowledge to drive adaptation policy. Parsimonious and equitable approaches on constraining uncertainty are promoted that combine various lines of evidence, including model diversity, large ensembles, storylines, and novel statistical methods applied on well-calibrated, global and regional, Earth System simulations, to deliver more reliable climate information. As examplified by the Paris agreement on desirable global warming targets, it is argued that the display of unrealistic ambitions may not be the best way for climate modellers to accomplish their long-term objectives, especially given the growing consensus on climate emergency and the allocated short time for the knowledge to be delivered and applied.

Civic engagement development in Argentinean adolescents: An autobiographical approach

Youth’s distancing from traditional politics and their preference for new forms of civic participation has become an international issue in the last decades. Based on a sociocultural dialectical framework, this study analyzes the relations between acting, thinking, and feeling in the development of civic engagement as an expression of civic identity in the autobiographical narratives of Argentinean adolescents ( N = 23) aged between 15 and 18 who engage in some practice to transform their community. Participants elaborate on their autobiographical narrative during interviews. The information gathered made it possible to distinguish two profiles in the development of civic engagement: individual and collective. The former includes the explanation of society as the result of personal actions and the involvement in practices aimed at the transformation of the local community the adolescents are a part of, and it is the one that prevails among the participants. The latter refers to the tendency to think about society by considering historical-political factors and practices aimed at long-term objectives, as they contribute to a general transformation of society and imply a future-oriented perspective. In both profiles, participation in high school students’ unions plays a formative role in the feeling of efficacy that underlies adolescents’ civic engagement.

From Farms to Forests: An Exploration of Afforestation Efforts in Poland Under the Rural Development Programme (2007–2020)

Forests are important in mitigating climate change and addressing biodiversity loss. In Poland, where forest cover has steadily increased since World War II, afforestation of agricultural land has emerged as a key strategy supported by both EU and national policies. This study evaluates the implementation of Poland’s afforestation programs under the Rural Development Programme (RDP) for the periods of 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 using data provided by the Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture (ARMA) and focusing on the financial incentives offered to private landowners and regional variations in their uptake. Results show that afforestation under the RDP aligned with the EU climate neutrality goals, with a total of 37,721 hectares afforested and PLN 243.5 million handed as financial support, predominantly (81%) over the first studied period. The largest afforestation efforts were observed in the Mazowieckie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeships, with Warszawa, Poland’s capital, achieving the highest municipal afforestation area across both periods. Financial considerations influenced farmer participation, but rising land prices and historical land use patterns were contributing factors. Urban afforestation and increasing demand for woody biomass further highlight the benefits of afforestation. However, conifer-dominated stands, prevalent on low-quality land, can present challenges to ecosystem stability under future climate scenarios, necessitating diversification towards deciduous species. Additionally, low uptake during the 2014–2020 period showcases the need for improved incentives to bolster participation. Still, afforestation presents significant economic and environmental opportunities, advancing long-term policy objectives while addressing critical challenges in climate.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA'S FINANCIAL SECTOR

Sustainable industrial development in India faces significant challenges and opportunities within the financial sector. This study explores the interplay between financial markets and sustainable practices in industries, emphasizing the need for financial instruments that support environmental sustainability. Key challenges include limited access to green finance, inadequate regulatory frameworks, and a lack of awareness among businesses regarding sustainability practices. Moreover, the current financial institutions frequently emphasize immediate profits rather than long-term sustainability objectives. However, opportunities for enhancing sustainable industrial development exist through the promotion of green bonds, impact investing, and public-private partnerships. By analyzing case studies and relevant literature, this research highlights successful initiatives that have leveraged financial markets to foster sustainability in industrial practices. The findings suggest that aligning financial incentives with sustainable development goals can significantly contribute to the growth of green industries in India. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and financial institutions aiming to promote a more sustainable industrial landscape.

Design, Anthropology, and Sociology. A Possible Transdisciplinarity?

This contribution aims at critically examining the evolving role of design in contemporary society, integrating insights from sociology, anthropology, and design theory. It discusses the shift from long-term ethical objectives to economic and technological imperatives. Emphasizing interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches, it highlights the necessity for enhanced collaboration to address complex societal issues. The article advocates the re-evaluation of design ethical dimension and its potential for shaping future narratives; it stresses the importance of promoting sustainable and ethical behaviors through design to enhance collective well-being. Drawing on philosophical and sociological perspectives, it proposes proactive design interventions to envision and shape desirable futures. Lastly, it calls for the establishment of transdisciplinary research centers to analyze future scenarios and guide societal transformations towards preferred outcomes.

Mind Over Waste: Decoding the Mental Models of Hard-to-Reach in Household Waste Practices

Abstract A resource-efficient society that reduces waste is one of the European Union’s long-term objectives. Waste that cannot be prevented should be reused as far as possible through sorting, recycling and minimizing landfill. Achieving this goal requires the active and coordinated participation of all stakeholders, including households. However, the low involvement in waste reduction measures of certain consumer groups, especially hard-to-reach consumers, poses a significant challenge. This paper investigates the mental models of waste reduction practices of different consumer groups using cognitive maps as an analysis tool. The Mental Modeler tool is used to predict behavioural patterns of different consumer groups and simulate the impact of various scenarios on these behaviours. The results show that different groups of consumers develop different reactions to the waste management measures foreseen in the legislation, with the hard-to-reach exhibiting particularly minimal engagement. The study highlights significant differences between the mental models of consumer groups, emphasizing the need for a tailored, interdisciplinary approach to understand consumer motivations and effectively promote sustainable behaviour change. The findings suggest that to transition to a circular economy successfully, specific strategies and policy interventions targeting hard-to-reach groups are essential to stimulate their engagement in waste reduction and resource reuse practices.

Beyond chemical structures: lessons and guiding principles for the next generation of molecular databases.

Databases of molecules and materials are indispensable for advancing chemical research, especially when enriched with electronic structure information from quantum chemistry methods like density functional theory. In this perspective, we review and analyze the current landscape of materials and molecular databases containing quantum chemical data. Our analysis reveals that the materials community has significantly benefited from data platforms such as the Materials Project, which seamlessly integrate chemical structures, electronic structure data, and open-source software. Conversely, quantum chemical data for molecular systems remains largely fragmented across individual datasets, lacking the comprehensive framework of a unified database. We distilled insights from these existing data resources into seven guiding principles termed QUANTUM, which build upon the foundational FAIR principles of data sharing (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable). These principles are aimed at advancing the development of molecular databases into robust, integrated data platforms. We conclude with an outlook on both short- and long-term objectives, guided by these QUANTUM principles, to foster future advancements in molecular quantum databases and enhance their utility for the research community.

Developing Ethical Frameworks for Sustainable Food Pricing Through Supply Chain Transparency

Developing ethical frameworks for sustainable food pricing is crucial in addressing the interconnected challenges of profitability, ethical food access, and supply chain transparency. This study presents a decision analysis model designed to evaluate the sustainability and ethics of food pricing strategies, with a strong emphasis on future stakeholder analysis. The model incorporates a systematic approach to balancing profitability with ethical considerations, focusing on transparent supply chain practices as a foundation for sustainable pricing decisions. By evaluating factors such as production costs, environmental impact, and fair labor practices, the model aims to create a comprehensive pricing strategy that promotes both ethical food access and corporate responsibility. To account for diverse stakeholder interests, this decision analysis model integrates key metrics from suppliers, producers, distributors, consumers, and regulatory bodies, facilitating a balanced approach that aligns with sustainable development goals (SDGs). Stakeholder analysis is central to this framework, enabling companies to predict potential reactions and adapt pricing strategies that support long-term economic, social, and environmental objectives. By analyzing data from multiple stages of the supply chain, the model fosters transparency and allows stakeholders to track how pricing decisions impact resource allocation, waste reduction, and fair trade practices. This approach addresses rising consumer demand for ethical consumption choices while offering companies insights into profitability impacts associated with sustainable practices. Furthermore, it provides an actionable pathway for food industry leaders to reconcile competing priorities, such as affordable pricing for consumers and adequate returns for producers. Implementing this framework can help foster a culture of accountability and sustainability across the food industry, enhancing brand reputation and encouraging ethical consumer behavior. In conclusion, this study’s decision analysis model for sustainable food pricing offers a viable tool to evaluate ethical and transparent pricing practices, highlighting how strategic stakeholder analysis can align profitability with responsible corporate behavior. This framework supports sustainable food pricing as a core element of ethical business practices in the global food industry.

What matters: Conservation values in invasion science

Invasive alien species (IAS) are globally considered major drivers of biodiversity loss. Because invasion science—the field studying IAS—informs policy and management, its normative underpinnings have become a subject of controversy. Historically, invasion science has aligned with traditional conservation, which is an ecocentric approach to conservation that recognises intrinsic value in natural collectives. This article examines debates surrounding the field's normative assumptions—focusing on the concepts of ‘origin’, ‘harm’ and ‘naturalness’—and explores three alternative conservation approaches that challenge them: new conservation, convivial conservation and compassionate conservation. New conservation highlights the ecosystem services IAS may offer in novel ecosystems. Convivial conservation stresses the interconnectedness of humans and nature. Compassionate conservation focuses on individual animal welfare, regardless of native or invasive status. Each of these approaches questions rigid native-alien distinctions. They argue that invasion science's focus on nativeness and undisturbed environments overlooks contemporary ecological challenges, urging a re-evaluation of how these categories influence conservation decisions. Discussing these approaches highlights the interplay between scientific evidence and diverse value systems in IAS debates, and reveals controversies often stem from ingrained normative assumptions rather than purely scientific disagreements. The article argues that explicitly addressing these assumptions is crucial for managing the ethical and practical challenges of IAS effectively. It identifies potential convergence among different conservation approaches while acknowledging unavoidable incompatibilities. Accommodating various viewpoints involves recognising a plurality of legitimate concerns and values, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and inclusive deliberation, balancing short-term actions with long-term objectives, and considering both human and non-human rights.

Methodological approaches in prioritizing municipal projects: A case study of the municipality of the holy capital (Makkah)

This study aims to develop a robust prioritization model for municipal projects in the Holy Metropolitan Municipality (Makkah) to address the challenges of aligning short-term and long-term objectives. The research explores How multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques can prioritize municipal projects effectively while ensuring alignment with strategic goals and local needs. The methodology employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to ensure methodological rigor and data adequacy. Data were collected from key stakeholders, including municipal planners and community representatives, to enhance transparency and reliability. The model’s validity was assessed through latent factor analysis, confirming the relevance of identified criteria and factors. Results indicate that flood prevention projects are the highest priority (0.4246), followed by road projects (0.3532), park construction (0.1026), utility projects (0.0776), and digital transformation (0.0416). The study highlights that certain factors are critical for evaluating and prioritizing municipal projects. “Capacity and Demand” emerged as the most influential factor (0.5643), followed by “Strategic Alignment” (0.2013), “Project Interdependence” (0.1088), “Increasing Investment” (0.0950), and “Risk” (0.0306). These findings are significant as they offer a structured, data-driven approach to decision-making aligned with Saudi Vision 2030. The proposed model optimizes resource allocation and project selection, representing a pioneering effort to develop the first prioritization framework specifically tailored to Makkah’s unique municipal needs. Notably, this is the first study to establish a prioritization method specifically for Makkah’s municipal projects, providing valuable contributions to the field.

Bond Ratings and Company Value: Insights from Indonesia's Real Estate Sector

This study investigates the impact of bond ratings on company value, mediated by investment decisions, funding decisions, and corporate governance disclosure, focusing on property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Using data from 45 companies over a five-year period (2016-2020), this research employs WarpPLS, a variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) technique, to analyze both direct and indirect effects between the variables. The findings reveal that while investment decisions have a significant positive effect on company value, funding decisions, bond ratings, and corporate governance disclosure do not show direct impacts. However, bond ratings significantly influence company value indirectly through investment decisions. These results highlight the critical role of strategic investment management in enhancing firm value within Indonesia's property and real estate sector, suggesting that companies should focus on improving bond ratings to facilitate more favorable investment opportunities. The practical implications of these findings suggest that firms should prioritize capital allocation decisions that align with long-term growth objectives to optimize market valuation.

The Influence of Business Strategy and Proactiveness on The Marketing Performance of Kelulut Honey on Msmes in Banjarmasin

The background is the Marketing Performance of MSMEs. Currently, many problems arise related to the Marketing Performance of MSMEs. Therefore, problems related to performance need to find a solution. Focus on two issues, namely (1) Is there an influence of Business Strategy on MSME Marketing performance, and (2) Is there a Proactive influence on MSME Marketing performance. Research conducted on companies includes Anttila J., Jussila K., 2018, Ramayah T., The long-term objectives of previous research have focused on Business Strategy and Proactivity issues regarding Marketing Performance. Meanwhile, this research focuses on research conducted in Banjarmasin MSMEs. Specific targets to be achieved. Analyze and determine the influence of partially significant Business and Proactive Strategy on MSME Marketing Performance. Analyze and determine the influence of partially significant Proactive Strategy on MSME Marketing Performance. Based on the researcher's observations, the problem is that the Business Strategy and Proactivity in MSME Marketing Performance are not yet optimal. This research method uses a quantitative approach. The number of samples taken was 48 respondents using a saturated sampling technique. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire, while data analysis uses Smart PLS. The results of the research show that there is a significant influence of Business Strategy (X1), on the marketing performance of MSMEs. And there is a significant influence of Proactivity (X2), on the marketing performance of MSMEs. This research is explanatory research, namely testing the influence between Business Strategy variables. (X1), Proactive (X2), while the dependent variable is MSME Marketing Performance (Y), Data collection techniques used by researchers, namely Interviews, Questionnaires, Documentation. and Hypothesis Testing The proposed activity plan in the research aims to provide information that better interactions and relationships are actually a side effect of providing space for MSMEs to be competitive and proactive while still being able to accommodate existing problems.

Entrepreneurship Culture in Secondary Education in Bisha Province: Reality and Hope

The study aimed to develop a proposed vision for the possibility of spreading the culture of entrepreneurship in secondary education among students in Bisha Governorate. The current study used the descriptive approach, as it is one of the most appropriate research approaches to the nature of the study and its objectives, by presenting previous studies related to the subject of the study, and monitoring the reality of secondary education in Bisha Governorate and the extent of its suitability for the requirements of entrepreneurship (projects). The research reached a set of results and recommendations, which are as follows: Including entrepreneurship education in secondary education through the following areas Mission, vision, objectives and guiding principles: The mission, vision and objectives of secondary education should be clear. And linked to the vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2030, and the objectives must be linked to achievable performance indicators in the context of annual or semi-annual objectives , and in order to achieve unified results, a strategy must be adopted. Entrepreneurship Education: A Gradual Model for Integrating Entrepreneurship into Secondary Education The strategy should also highlight the methodology of interventions, i.e. how the implementation of entrepreneurship education will evolve and progress from mere interventions in the curricula to specialized tracks in secondary education , the need to take into account the approved financial budgets and the ability of stakeholders to implement within a realistic time frame , the strategy should also include the funding and budget requirements necessary for its implementation and clarify best practices , and that funding for entrepreneurship education should come from various relevant sources within the country, and there must be an effective communication plan in the strategy aimed at raising awareness about the importance of entrepreneurship education and gaining community support. In addition, the communication and outreach plan should aim to ensure that stakeholders are informed and knowledgeable about specific policies, strategies and initiatives , and the strategy should include monitoring and evaluation methodologies to obtain valuable intelligence and anticipate future strategies and action plans aimed at promoting entrepreneurship education. Therefore, it is essential that the strategy includes short- and long-term key performance indicators and objectives that measure the impact of each intervention as well as monitoring the effectiveness of its implementation by stakeholders.

A magyar-román-szlovák-ukrán határmenti kapcsolatok az Európai Unió határtérségeinek fényében

The development of border regions has been an integral part of EU regional policy for decades. Border regions, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, are typically peripheral areas with poor demographic and economic conditions, and one of the ways out of this situation could be to take advantage of cross-border cooperation. One of the first frameworks for this was the creation of Euroregions and, since the 1990s, the Interreg programmes, which offer opportunities for cooperation between border regions at three levels. In addition to the EU framework, Hungarian strategic documents also deal with border regions, and their analysis is also important for the formulation of long-term objectives. Overall, although Interreg projects are trying to respond to the problems of border regions, it may be important in the future to deepen partnerships and better involve partners.

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning: Structuring Decision-Making for Complex AI Tasks

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (abbreviated as HRL) represents a progress in the realm of artificial intelligence (AI) focusing on handling the increasing complexity of decision-making processes effectively. By breaking down tasks into smaller sub tasks that are easier to manage and comprehend; HRL plays a key role in enhancing the learning efficiency of AI models. The hierarchical system mirrors decision making approaches by breaking down complex goals into smaller achievable steps; this allows reinforcement learning agents to effectively learn and adjust to dynamic environments, with limited rewards and long-term objectives. In contrast to the limitations faced by flat reinforcement learning techniques in terms of scalability and efficiency Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) introduces a higher-level policy that controls the series and implementation of sub tasks. This study delves into the evolution, application, and influence of reinforcement learning models in artificial intelligence. We explore HRL frameworks, such, as the Options framework and temporal adaptive models that offer a systematic decision-making method. Furthermore, the study analyzes the role HRL plays in fields including robotics, self-governing systems, and game artificial intelligence. HRL is on the brink of transforming how AI tackles challenges by shaping decision making processes in intricate settings that mimic real world scenarios. This piece explores the issue at hand along, with its solutions and applications while discussing the influence and extent of HRL in enhancing AI technologies. Keywords: Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning, AI, Reinforcement Learning, Decision-Making, Sub-tasks, Options Framework, Temporal-Adaptive Models, Robotics, Autonomous Systems, Game AI, Artificial Intelligence.

Scaling rainwater harvesting for irrigation in Kenya: potential sustainability risks and the need for adaptive governance

Abstract Rainwater harvesting for irrigation (RWHI) systems offer many benefits to smallholder farmers in Kenya, including the possibility of agricultural intensification and improved resilience to climate change in more arid areas. However, the scaling of RWHI systems could inadvertently pose risks to environmental, social, and economic sustainability. Governance institutions in Kenya tasked with managing RWHI adoption processes are often unaware of such risks and ill-equipped to manage them when they emerge. To address this gap, this article first presents key insights from the literature on innovation scaling and adaptive governance on how undesirable effects of scaling can be mitigated. Then, based on the results of a global literature review and a case study in Kenya, it outlines potential environmental, social, and economic risks of scaling RWHI that may manifest in the Kenyan context. Environmentally, the biggest risk is that widespread adoption of RWHI, while increasing water availability at the household level, will alter hydrological flows and impact ecosystem functioning. Socially, major risks of scaling RWHI include increased inequities in water access and rights, as those with the resources to adopt RWHI are able to store and use more water than others. Finally, economic risks may emerge when farmers who have adopted RWHI to grow cash crops experience heightened vulnerability to market fluctuations. The article ends with a discussion on governance approaches that could be applied to ensure responsible RWHI scaling in Kenya. Key recommendations include creating institutions that embed adaptive governance mechanisms, democratizing the development of scaling strategies to ensure their collective ownership, and enhancing monitoring and data collection capacities for effective response. These measures aim to balance short-, medium-, and long-term objectives across various scales and user groups to maximize sustainability outcomes during RWHI scaling processes.